DE2753806A1 - DEVICE FOR MOVING AN OBJECTIVE BY PRESSURE OR PULL FORCE - Google Patents

Description

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PATKNTAN WALTE DR. ING. E. HOFFMANN (1930-1976). Dl Pl.-I NG. W. E ITLt · D R. R E R. NAT. K. H OF FMAN N · D I PL.-1 N G. V /. LE H N

DIPI.-ING. K. FUCHSLE DR. RER. NAT. B. HANSEN ARABELLASTRASSE 4 (STERNHAUS) · D-8000 MONCH EN 81 · TELEFO N (089) »11087. TELEX 05-29ί19 (I'ATH Γ.)

The invention relates to a device for moving a Object by means of pressure or tensile force, in particular for piling into the ground with one for alternating loading and unloading of the object arranged drive.

When driving piles or piling sheet metal, it is common to use a drop hammer, a swing hammer or a pneumatic one Use a hammer that strikes directly against the object to be driven into the ground. The disadvantage This known device is, however, that only short impact times and thus a large initial tension in the object can be achieved, which is not very effective from the point of view of driving and damaging the soil to be driven object can lead. For example, concrete piles can rebound after impact, whereby breakage can occur in different places. Large initial stresses further lead to deformations and others Damage. Another major disadvantage of the known device is that they make a considerable amount of noise.

Various attempts have been. " undertaken to create a better and more effective]] cros device. For example, Swedish published application 388 G47 requires the use of a Ko] br'ii-TIy]. indor assembly that uses compressed air to raise the piston :; and work to dampen the downward movement. In doing so, burdened

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the piston hits the object all the time by means of compressed air. It As a result, large amounts of compressed air are used to lift the piston required, which has a large energy consumption to generate the compressed air result, which in turn from the point of view of efficiency is less beneficial. Furthermore, with the creation of compressed air, there are certain noise problems and relatively difficult control systems connected, which are necessary to create a desired pressure pulse.

The object of the invention is to create a device as described in the introduction mentioned type, which avoids these disadvantages and with which a more effective and quieter work than with the known device can be carried out.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing part of the claim 1 solved.

Due to the interaction of the drive and the fluid in the transmission, a delayed, moderate drive is achieved than before, the impact noise is reduced.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the drive and / or the transmission with control devices to create a fluid flow associated with the movement of the drive is provided from the container.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the drive is displaceable in the opening of the container with a certain amount of play, that the end of the drive near the object has at least one recess and that the drive is completely above it at least at the beginning of the drive movement The liquid surface is designed to form a gas cushion in the recess, the gas cushion VOrZUgSW ( ¹ JLu ^{1 being} an air cushion which is compressed into the liquid when the drive is moved. Such a device can be designed extremely simply and reliably.

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Further features according to the invention and advantageous configurations can be seen from the further subclaims.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is described in more detail below. It shows:

1 schematically shows a device according to the invention;

F i g. 2 shows a detail of FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale, the parts being shown in a different assignment; and

F i g. 3 another embodiment of the invention Contraption.

In Fig. 1, a device according to the invention for driving a Object, in this case a post 2 in the ground, denoted by the reference number 1. The device 1 comprises a drive 3, for example in the form of a drop hammer, which is connected via a power transmission 4 to an energy source 5 and to the latter With the help of the drive 3 can be raised to the desired height of fall and then alternately load and relieve the pile 2. Of the Drive 3 is guided by means of a guide 6, which is connected downwards to a transmission 7, which rests on the post 2, the transmission again being fastened laterally relative to the post 2, that is to say by means of one or more holders 8.

The lower end 9 of the drive 3 is designed to interact with the transmission 7 in order to apply a driving force to the pile 2 to apply at least during the last section of the downward movement of the drive. The transmission 7 comprises a container 10 with an opening 11 in the side surfaces directed against the drive 3, for the lower end of the drive, at least part of the end 9 during the drive through the opening in the container 10, which contains a liquid 12 for damping the movement of the drive. The end 9 of the drive 3 and the Transmission 7 are for cooperation during the deceleration movement of the drive to accommodate a sufficiently high fluid pressure and a sufficiently large amount of liquid in the

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transmission 7 for the substantial braking of the movement of the drive 3, formed before it reaches the bottom of the container 10.

The side of the end 9 which is opposite to the transmission 7 is provided in a suitable manner with at least one recess 13 which is open at the bottom. As can be seen from Fig. 1, there is the Drive 3 at least at the beginning of the drive movement completely above the liquid surface 14. The end 9 has a suitable diameter, which is only insignificantly smaller than the diameter of the opening 11 and the drive 3 can in this way with a certain play in the transmission 7 can be postponed.

During a drive movement, the drive 3 is against the object driven. In the case of a drop hammer, as described here, this is achieved by drive devices consisting of a suitable Height of fall can be solved. In this case it is important that the guide 6, the drive and the transmission 7 are coordinated with one another are designed so that the drive 3 can enter the container 10 in a suitable manner in the case. By is completely outside the transmission at the beginning. In this case the container is beveled on the top Edge 15a provided and the end 9 can also be provided with a downwardly directed corresponding beveled edge 15 be provided.

When the end 9 is in contact with the liquid surface 14

themselves

comes and / then moves further down into the liquid 12, partially presses the liquid into the recess 13 (see FIG. 2). Since the circumferential gap 16 between the end 9 and the container is suitably narrow, only a limited amount of liquid can rise up the gap. The obtained in this way The liquid seal holds a gas cushion 17, normally air, in the recess 13. The lower edge 18 of the end 9 pushes the Liquid away, which is essentially pressed into the recess 13, the liquid compressing the gas cushion 17. This results in a certain delay of the drive 3, whereby the drive slows down in its movement in a suitable manner.

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is braked before it reaches the bottom of the container 10.

Ee were experiments with a drop hammer weighing 4,000 kg and a height of fall of approximately 0.5 m, whereby it could be shown that it could be braked without touching the ground if the end 9 had an outer diameter of approximately 400 mm and the container 10 had an inner diameter of approximately 402 mm. The recess 13 had one Diameter of approximately 300 mm and a depth of approximately 200 mm. As the liquid, water was used with a depth of approximately 250 mm. Except for a significant delay over normal - about 50 ms over normal 10 ms - a very low noise level was also achieved.

In order to complicate the flow of liquid in the gap 16, can the lower end 9 and / or the container 10 can be provided with one or more grooves 19 or the like (see FIG. 2), which extend around each other extend around the perimeter.

There can also be a flow of liquid from the container 10 can be achieved according to the movement of the drive by means of liquid control devices, that is, if only a smaller one Part of the end surface of the end 9 is provided with a recess 13 is. The recess 13 can only be partially formed. In this case there is the possibility of forming the gap 16 in such a way that that the desired damping effect is obtained. Another possibility is a necessary in the container 10 or the drive 3 To provide a number of suitably designed and arranged outflow lines with appropriate flow obstacles. For example, such a line 20 is shown in broken lines in FIG. 2, the line being formed in this way is that the displaced liquid can flow back to the Behättor.

There may be a need to renew fluid after one or more drive movements.

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This can be done by means of a liquid filling device, for example a liquid oil line 21 done on a suitable Place flows. It may also be necessary to provide liquid cooling in the container, which is achieved by the arrangement a device can be provided which allows the liquid to circulate in a cooling system and / or through the Cooling of the container 10 can be achieved.

The embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2 can of course with regard to different characteristics can be changed. For example, in Fig. 3 an embodiment is shown, wherein the container extends upward so that it forms a guide for the drive 3 at the same time. Any suitable shape can be used a cylindrical shape is not necessary. The liquid is suitably water, but it can also other liquids or mixtures of liquids such as glycol and water can be used.

The power transmission 4 can be a suitable hydraulic cylinder or the like, one end being connected to the guide 6 and / or the transmission 7 and which by a Hydraulic pump 5 is driven. With the present invention, an extremely space-saving device is achieved which is effective and works quietly without the use of compressed air.

The drive movement of the drive 3 can also be other than the free fall can be brought about. It is possible, for example, to drive by the action of a driving force of a hydraulic To create a facility or the like. Through the suitable design of the transmission 7, the device can also for Applying a tensile force to an object can be used instead of a compressive force.

In the embodiment of Fig. 2, in which the gap 16 is narrow, it is possible the end 9 and / or the container 10 with a check valve arrangement (not shown) to make it easier to pull the drive out of the container so that the non-return

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valve assembly is open to allow pressure equalization, when the actuator is pulled up, and closed when the actuator is driving.

A delay of the drive 3 in the liquid depends, among other things, on how the end 9 is designed. The end can for example be designed so that it has a decreasing cross-section in the downward direction, whereby the Fluid resistance gradually increases. It is normally preferred that the actuator be prior to contacting the bottom of the container 10 is braked, but in special cases it may also be desired to push the drive against the bottom of the container or to hit a suitable point in the last section of the drive movement.

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Claims (6)

HOFFMANN · KITI,]? & PARTNKR PAT KN TAN WALTE 2/53806 DR. ING. E. HOFFMANN (1930-1976) ■ DlPt.-ING. W.EITLE .DR-RER-NAT-K ₁ HOfFMANN DIPl.-ING. W. IEHN DIPl.-ING. K. FOCHSLE ■ DR. RER. NAT. B. HANSEN ARABEILASTRASSEXISTERNHAUS) D-βΟΟΟ MUNICH 81 TELEPHONE (089) 911087 TELEX 05-29619 (HATHE) Stabilator AB, Danderyd, Sweden Device for moving an object by means of pressure or traction Claims Γ 1 .j Device for moving an object by means of pressure or tensile force, in particular for piling into the ground with a drive arranged for alternately loading and unloading the object, characterized in that the drive (3) at least in the last section of its drive movement to interact with a transmission (7) is designed to transmit the driving force to the object, that the transmission (7) is designed as a container (10) with an opening (11) suitable for the drive in its side surfaces directed towards the drive (3), that at least one section (9) of the drive (3) through the opening (11) during the drive pushes the container (10) so that the container (10) has a liquid for damping the drive movement of the drive, the drive (3) and the transfer (7) to work together to maintain an effective 809823/0845 ORIGINAL INSPECTED sufficiently large fluid pressure and to accommodate a sufficient large amount of liquid during the deceleration movement of the drive (3) to brake the movement of the drive (3) before it reaches the bottom of the container (10) is formed. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive (3) and / or the transmission (7) control devices (16, 20) for creating a flow of liquid from the container (10) assigned to the movement of the drive (3). 3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that that the control device is a gap (16) extending around the transmission and the drive. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the drive (3) in the opening (11) of the container (10) can be displaced with a certain amount of play, that the end (9) of the drive (3) in the vicinity of the object has at least one recess (13) and that the drive at least at the beginning of the Drive movement completely above the liquid surface (14) designed to form a gas cushion in the recess (13) is, wherein the gas cushion is preferably an air cushion that is compressed when the drive is moved into the liquid will. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the fit between the drive and the container is designed so that the position of the closest to the object Drive a gap (16) with a constant width around the drive extends. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the gap (16) with at least one device (19) to impede the flow of liquid from the container, the is called to create a turbulence, such as notches, provided around the perimeter of the cooperating Walls of the drive and the transmission extend. 809823/0845