DE2752140C2 - Insect repellent complex - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an insect repellent, in shape a hair wash applicable complex containing a wetting agent and acetic acid, with a pH below 3.5.

From US-PS 36 50 964 are acidic, anionic surfactants containing Low foaming compositions known, wherein the surfactant is used in an amount of 3 to 15 wt .-% becomes. As anionic surfactants, however, are only very specific Called alkyl sulfates. Salts of lauryl sulfate are not listed here. From this US-PS 36 50 964 known compositions can still 12 to 60 wt .-% an acid, u. a. Acetic acid, included.

Furthermore, from DE-OS 25 39 016 disinfectants with a pH of at most 3.5 known which u. a. acetic acid as an organic acid and an antimicrobial, anionic surfactant or surfactant mixture may contain. Forcibly, the previously known from this DE-OS 25 39 016 must Disinfectants, however, still specific alcohols as Component, as well as compounds of a polyvalent metal contain. The used according to this DE-OS 25 39 016 Disinfectants do not include lauryl sulfates, but as anionic surfactants special and complex compounds. From US-PS 27 88 308 are locally aufzutragende Agents which are not aqueous, however, known these agents glacial acetic or acetic anhydride as an acidic ingredient contained as well as nonaqueous solvent carriers, u. a. Glyceride oils, propylene glycols, polyethylene glycols and Petrolatum. The previously known from US-PS 27 88 308 means contain no anionic surfactants.  

Furthermore, various components are already known which Insects such as lice and fleas can destroy, eg. B. DDT, hexachlorocyclohexane or lindane. However, these products are generally in the form of powders, and their increased toxicity makes its use by direct contact with the skin of Mammals dangerous.

However, plagues such as lice and fleas infest preferably young creatures (children, puppies, young cats), these creatures are especially sensitive to toxic substances are sensitive.

On the other hand, it is known that certain acidic components in Form of liquids such as acetic acid against insects and parasites are active, especially when these products are concentrated in Solution applied with a pH near 2 become.

However, at such pH levels, liquid products attack the skin the sentient beings in a sensitive way, so that one forced is to apply them in dilute solution, reducing their effectiveness considerably reduced.

The object of the invention is an insect-repellent complex or an insect repellent that suffers from these disadvantages and its effect on the one hand the effective suppression insects and parasites and on the other hand, contraception their return to the treated areas or body parts allows.  

To solve this task is the insect repellent Complex of the aforementioned kind, which is characterized is that it contains:

• a) sodium, ammonium or triethanolamine lauryl sulfate,
• b) 2 to 12% by volume of acetic acid and
• c) 0.5 to 3 vol .-% natural or synthetic, as Insecticides or parasitic acting Substances in the form of extracts or essences of Cloves, lavender, peppermint, marjoram, rosemary, Lime blossom, juniper, lemon, lemonwort, Thyme, Datura stramonium, Spruce, Pyrethrum, Pyrethrin or the essential oils from the bark or the leaves from Ceylon cinnamon.

In addition, the complexes of the invention can advantageously contain an insecticidal or scar-forming substance such as natural or synthetic camphor, in volume proportions between 1.5 and 5% and preferably between 0.5 and 1.5%.

To better show the advantages of the complexes according to the invention and to show the value of their mode of application are as follows Examples of formulations given the main applications Complexes are still examples listed for performed treatments.

For each formulation, it should be noted that the proportion of Wetting agent or surfactant is essential.  

In fact, it has surprisingly been found that the insecticidal effect of acetic acid considerably by adding wetting agents such as sodium, ammonium or triethanolamine lauryl sulfate is increased.

This finding can be demonstrated by the following test carried out with weevils, ants, earwigs, lice and fleas:
The product prepared in the following examples was diluted to one-third of its volume, then a few drops were applied to each insect held between lamellas such that the body of the insect was nearly three-quarters impregnated.

Subsequently, the required time was measured after which the insect showed no movement. These times were compared with the times using an aqueous acetic acid solution of the same pH.

The results showed that the times are on average Twice to fivefold in the case of shampooing lower than in the case of pure acetic acid, namely 20 up to 50 seconds instead of 1 to 3 minutes.

Example 1

Hygiene shampoo, effective against lice in adults and children; the ratios are given in volumes.

Wetting agent (Texapant N 40, Henkel) diluted to 30% 75 to 95% - Synthetic camphor 0.5 to 1.5% - lemon herb 0.5 to 1.5% - Acetic acid 5 to 10% - PH value 1.8 to 2.3

Case 1

There were two children aged 11 and 13, whose hair is a large colony of full-grown Lice and Nissen wore, treated with the help of a shampoo, which 1% synthetic camphor, 1% lemon herb oil, 5% Acetic acid and 93% wetting agent (Texapant, diluted to 30%) (pH adjusted to 2.1).

A washing with the help of the shampoo was in the morning around 9:00 Clock performed. The shampoo became active for 15 minutes allowed to act, then was washed with a Water performed.

A review of the head showed that no full-grown at all Louse more and that the proportion of Nissen decreased was.

A new shampoo treatment became 2, 4 and then 6 days later carried out, where no adult louse found has been. The number of nits was more regular Loss.

New washing treatments were performed every week, at the end By 3 weeks, the nits had completely disappeared.

case 2

A young girl of 15 years has been observed that lice swam around her while bathing. She became everyone Evening with a powder treated with 0.5% lindane, each Night with a hood covered her head and then with an ordinary Washed shampoo every morning and with a dust comb combed. After 5 days were still in the hair Nissen.

A single shampoo treatment with that given in case 1 Product was enough to rid hair of all parasites and finish the disgusting and unpleasant treatment.  

case 3

A little girl of 5 years had been 3 weeks Nissen and was based on a powder every night 0.4% lindane and 10% DDT have been treated. It retained the all night these insecticides in the hair under a hair cap, and in the morning was a regular shampoo with followed by combing with a dust comb.

This little blond girl had very fine hair and numerous nits had their hands on each other in extreme Way stated.

A first treatment with the product according to the invention according to Case 1 gave only a partial result. It was still necessary to perform two applications of the product to one to achieve complete removal of the nits.

example 2 Treatment of fleas, lice and ticks in dogs

Shampoo containing 6% acetic acid, 1.5% Lemon herb and 1.5% clove essence and 91% wetting agent (Texapant), diluted to 30%, contained (pH adjusted on 2).

A flea-infested dachshund was treated.

Washing with a shampoo of the aforementioned animal formulation was performed in the morning around 8 o'clock. Against 12 o'clock the dog had no more fleas, and he was during 3 days despite an unfavorable environment no longer infested.

A treatment that was to atomize a lotion, from a solution of a thyme jelly to 25%, from cider vinegar 75% and 2% lemon juice it, every return from parasites to the full Disinfection of the environment (place and textiles) with the help of To avoid products of Example 3.  

example 3 Treatment of places and textiles (tissues)

A shampoo was used, consisting of 10% acetic acid, 2% lemon herb essence and 2% camphor (pH adjusted to 1.8).

In a for some time not occupied and badly closed Room containing different items and textiles contained an increase in fleas.

After rearranging objects and the carpet became one Part of the floor and tiles covered with shampoo, that in which twice its volume of water had been diluted, sprayed. Two hours later, the fleas gave no sign of life more of himself.

In the same way were successfully coats, blankets and Treated baskets for dogs by using solutions of 5 cc Shampoo per liter of water were treated.

In a general way, the mode of action of the invention Products as follows: It will be a shampoo treatment of parts to be treated using the complexes described above carried out, one leaves the products for a duration, which in the general between 1 to 10 minutes for living things and between 5 to 20 minutes for objects, interact.

It is thoroughly rinsed, reducing the acetic acid or its Equivalent as well as the insects and the parasites carried away become.

After washing, it is found that the insect repellent Products remain in sufficient quantity to fight new ones Protect infections.  

However, in many cases, the treatment is intended by successive separate washing operations up to complete disappearance of larvae, as well to carry out a care treatment, which atomizations or spray treatments of various essences of insecticides or as parasitic agents, the aforementioned products with or without camphor, but preferably without acetic acid, d. H. with lemon herb, clove essence, lavender, Peppermint, marjoram, rosemary, lime blossom, juniper, Lemon, thyme, Datura stramonium, pyrethrum or ethereal Include oil of Ceylon cinnamon.

These atomization treatments protect the objects between every shampoo treatment permanently.

On the other hand, the insecticidal action of a shampoo, the which corresponded to that used in Case 1 of Example 1, in comparison to a powder preparation of lindane with 15 wt .-% in compared the following way:

1. Experiments on adult lice

In a cup, add 5 cc of pure shampoo, then five lice (pediculus humanus) are used here. Death occurs immediately. After the result secured is, another experiment was carried out in which the lice were left in the shampoo for only 10 seconds and then taken out with a thin wooden spatula were. They were brought under a magnifying glass and it became the Death of lice detected.

In the same way, the experiments with the shampoo, diluted to 50%, then repeated to 25%, to an approximation to the application concentration ranging from 25 to 100% vary, reach.  

The death of the lice was slower at these two dilutions, and the test of removing the lice showed that the Lice did not come to life after 30 seconds.

The same experiments were performed on the species phtirius pubis the same percentage of mortality from 100% to 30 Seconds performed. These experiments are compared with a lindane preparation as a powder of 15% in the following Table compiled.

Table I

Experiments on adult lice pediculus humanus

The same experiment was performed on adult lice phtirius pubis performed with the same results.

2. Experiments on Nissen of pediculus humanus

It was very difficult to prove if the Nissen really killed by the product, as a wait of 2 to 5 weeks was required to be sure about her death; the fact of the separation of the nisse from the hair on which she was stuck, could be the factor of destruction.

The experiment was carried out as follows: With a Nissen carrying child 10 hairs were removed with the nits and in cups with the products of the experiments or with water arranged for a period of 15 minutes and then stored at a temperature of 22 ° C.  

Certain nits were separated from the hair in the shampoo, others remained stuck. The observations were during 5 weeks, the results are in the following Table II:

Table II

The same experiment was performed on Nissen by phtirius pubis same results.

The product is therefore more active than a 15% lindane formulation.

The lindane formulations with 0.4 and 0.8% have one insufficient effect to be used as reference product to be able to.

Furthermore, the bacteriostatic effect of the invention Proven products, and although they are not usually applied bactericides such as methyl paraoxybenzoate various tests showed that no Bacteria themselves in the pure or diluted to 50% product developed.

Examination to prove that the preparation is free from Bacteria was before the obtained, interesting results carried out.

The technique used was the following with the shampoo of Example 1:

• 1) vaccination on ordinary nutrient medium,
• 2) Store in incubation oven at 37 ° C for 48 hours then during 7 days.

The results are summarized in the following Table III:

Table III

Other applications and variants of the invention are for the Professional readily possible, in particular by replacement of Equivalents for the previously described, different Products, for example, by replacing the acetic acid by homologous acids, however, it was found that the resulting Results may be slightly worse, in particular with propionic acid and caprylic acid.

Finally, the increased toxicity can be strong vary, giving the advantage of acetic acid, synergistic with strengthens a wetting agent, which increases its given insecticidal activity, their toxicity always limited, with their application are perfectly tolerated when in contact with sensitive Epidermis.

In fact, the p.o. toxicity caused by application of the shampoo according to Example 1 in male RIVER mice with an average weight of 25 g was obtained for a maximum, tolerated dose of 24 ml / kg and for one lethal dose 100 with a value of 40 ml / kg.  

The results do not allow the determination of lethal dose 50. In comparison, it should be noted that that the lethal dose is 50 for lindane, observed at oral route in mice, aqueous preparations about 300 mg / kg.

Finally, it allowed the investigation of the local Skin tolerance, an index of local irritation of 0.3 and thus to establish a low value, with experiments a repeated order on the ear of mice to conclude that the shampoo did not irritate and repeated applications on depilated areas of Rabbits showed excellent tolerance.

Only experiments in the eyes set the idea suggest that the shampoo has an irritant effect can, but this irritation after dilution, which corresponds to the application of the product, only very weak.

To demonstrate the surprising effect of the combination the components listed in the claim a) and c) the following comparative experiments were carried out:  

Comparative tests

The following hair wash complexes were prepared and investigated:

Complex A Sodium lauryl ether sulfate 36.55 g lemon herb 0.76 g Rest purified water 100.00 g Complex B (according to the invention) @ acetic acid 3.55 g sodium lauryl sulfate 36.55 g Fighter 0.76 g essential oil of lemon herb 0.76 g sodium chloride 3.85 g Rest on with purified water 100.00 g Complex C @ acetic acid 3.65 g Sodium lauryl ether sulfate 36.55 g Rest purified water 100.00 g control experiment @ purified water 100.00 g

3 Petri dishes, A, B and C were mixed with 10 wood lice and a lid pierced with small holes prepared.

In each one were 10 wood lice and a few drops of the formulation introduced so that the wood lice with the product came into contact at the time of their introduction.  

The number of live and dead wood lice was determined before the introduction of the formulation, 30 minutes later, 2 hours later and 6 hours later.

The results are summarized in the following Table IV.

From this it can be seen that the complex A has a very low activity compared to the complex B according to the invention, the latter having an efficacy of 100% after 30 minutes.

Claims (3)

Insect repellent, hair washable complex containing a wetting agent and acetic acid having a pH below 3.5, characterized in that it contains:

• a) sodium, ammonium or triethanolamine lauryl sulfate,
• b) 2 to 12% by volume of acetic acid and
• c) from 0.5 to 3% by volume of natural or synthetic substances acting as insecticides or parasiticides in the form of extracts or essences of cloves, lavender, peppermint, marjoram, rosemary, linden, juniper, lemon, lemon, thyme, Datura stramonium , Spruce, pyrethrum, pyrethrin or the essential oils from the bark or leaves of Ceylon cinnamon.

2. Complex according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains 0.5 to 3% by volume of lemon herb. 3. Complex according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that it further contains 0.5 to 1.5% by volume contains synthetic or natural camphor.