DE2739919A1 - Verfahren zum aufbringen eines glasartigen ueberzugs oder eines emailueberzugs auf mindestens eine oberflaeche eines traegers - Google Patents
Verfahren zum aufbringen eines glasartigen ueberzugs oder eines emailueberzugs auf mindestens eine oberflaeche eines traegersInfo
- Publication number
- DE2739919A1 DE2739919A1 DE19772739919 DE2739919A DE2739919A1 DE 2739919 A1 DE2739919 A1 DE 2739919A1 DE 19772739919 DE19772739919 DE 19772739919 DE 2739919 A DE2739919 A DE 2739919A DE 2739919 A1 DE2739919 A1 DE 2739919A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- coating
- spraying
- temperature
- coated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 71
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000002320 enamel (paints) Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 109
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- LNSPFAOULBTYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].C#C Chemical group [O].C#C LNSPFAOULBTYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001458 anti-acid effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006117 anti-reflective coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002419 bulk glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012736 patent blue V Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C12/00—Powdered glass; Bead compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/02—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
- C23C4/11—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
- C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
- C23D5/04—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers by dry methods
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7627767A FR2364070A1 (fr) | 1976-09-08 | 1976-09-08 | Revetement vitreux pour materiaux utilises dans le batiment ou les travaux publics, et procede pour son application |
| FR7712811A FR2388897A2 (fr) | 1977-04-27 | 1977-04-27 | Procede pour realiser des revetements emailles et objets obtenus selon ce procede |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2739919A1 true DE2739919A1 (de) | 1978-03-09 |
Family
ID=26219630
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19772739919 Withdrawn DE2739919A1 (de) | 1976-09-08 | 1977-09-05 | Verfahren zum aufbringen eines glasartigen ueberzugs oder eines emailueberzugs auf mindestens eine oberflaeche eines traegers |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5333212A (enExample) |
| AR (1) | AR211485Q (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU2866877A (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR7705974A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2739919A1 (enExample) |
| DK (1) | DK398777A (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES462197A1 (enExample) |
| FI (1) | FI772600A7 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1547530A (enExample) |
| GR (1) | GR59196B (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1084234B (enExample) |
| LU (1) | LU78094A1 (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL7709855A (enExample) |
| PT (1) | PT66998B (enExample) |
| SE (1) | SE7709604L (enExample) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994019511A1 (fr) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-09-01 | Pont-A-Mousson S.A. | Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique revetue de materiaux mineraux, piece obtenue et son utilisation |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10122718C2 (de) | 2001-05-10 | 2003-04-17 | Schott Glas | Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Streulichtschicht auf einer transparenten Kochplatte sowie dessen Verwendung |
| RU2209786C2 (ru) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-08-10 | Российский химико-технологический университет им. Д.И. Менделеева | Электроизоляционная эмаль |
| TW200307652A (en) | 2002-04-04 | 2003-12-16 | Tosoh Corp | Quartz glass thermal sprayed parts and method for producing the same |
| CN1745190A (zh) * | 2003-01-28 | 2006-03-08 | 东曹株式会社 | 耐蚀部件及其制备方法 |
| GB201812052D0 (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-09-05 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Particle mixture, kit, ink, methods and article |
| CN112415064B (zh) * | 2019-08-21 | 2024-03-19 | 恩德莱斯和豪瑟尔分析仪表两合公司 | 制造用于电位传感器的传感器元件的方法 |
-
1977
- 1977-08-25 GR GR54234A patent/GR59196B/el unknown
- 1977-08-26 SE SE7709604A patent/SE7709604L/xx unknown
- 1977-08-31 GB GB36397/77A patent/GB1547530A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-09-01 FI FI772600A patent/FI772600A7/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-09-05 DE DE19772739919 patent/DE2739919A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-09-05 PT PT66998A patent/PT66998B/pt unknown
- 1977-09-07 AR AR269127A patent/AR211485Q/es unknown
- 1977-09-07 NL NL7709855A patent/NL7709855A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-09-07 ES ES462197A patent/ES462197A1/es not_active Expired
- 1977-09-07 DK DK398777A patent/DK398777A/da unknown
- 1977-09-07 LU LU78094A patent/LU78094A1/xx unknown
- 1977-09-08 IT IT27393/77A patent/IT1084234B/it active
- 1977-09-08 BR BR7705974A patent/BR7705974A/pt unknown
- 1977-09-08 JP JP10870277A patent/JPS5333212A/ja active Pending
- 1977-09-08 AU AU28668/77A patent/AU2866877A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994019511A1 (fr) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-09-01 | Pont-A-Mousson S.A. | Procede de fabrication d'une piece metallique revetue de materiaux mineraux, piece obtenue et son utilisation |
| FR2701963A1 (fr) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-09-02 | Pont A Mousson | Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce métallique revêtue de matériaux minéraux, pièce obtenue et son utilisation. |
| TR28278A (tr) * | 1993-02-26 | 1996-04-05 | Pont A Mousson | Mineral malzeme ile kaplanmis metalik bir parcanin imal edilmesi usulü, elde edilen parca ve bunun kullanilmasi. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES462197A1 (es) | 1978-12-01 |
| PT66998A (fr) | 1977-10-01 |
| NL7709855A (nl) | 1978-03-10 |
| GB1547530A (en) | 1979-06-20 |
| DK398777A (da) | 1978-03-09 |
| BR7705974A (pt) | 1978-07-04 |
| AR211485Q (es) | 1977-12-30 |
| IT1084234B (it) | 1985-05-25 |
| AU2866877A (en) | 1979-03-15 |
| PT66998B (fr) | 1979-02-12 |
| FI772600A7 (fi) | 1978-03-09 |
| GR59196B (en) | 1977-11-25 |
| LU78094A1 (enExample) | 1978-01-23 |
| JPS5333212A (en) | 1978-03-29 |
| SE7709604L (sv) | 1978-03-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |