DE272790C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE272790C DE272790C DENDAT272790D DE272790DA DE272790C DE 272790 C DE272790 C DE 272790C DE NDAT272790 D DENDAT272790 D DE NDAT272790D DE 272790D A DE272790D A DE 272790DA DE 272790 C DE272790 C DE 272790C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- lime
- caustic
- carbonate
- alkali carbonate
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
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- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium monoxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009993 causticizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001187 sodium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D1/00—Oxides or hydroxides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D1/04—Hydroxides
- C01D1/20—Preparation by reacting oxides or hydroxides with alkali metal salts
- C01D1/22—Preparation by reacting oxides or hydroxides with alkali metal salts with carbonates or bicarbonates
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
- JVl 272790 -KLASSE 12/. GRUPPE - JVl 272790 - CLASS 12 /. GROUP
-Dr.=3»g. ERNST SCHÜTZ in CÖLN.-Dr. = 3 »g. ERNST SCHÜTZ in COLOGNE.
Die Herstellung kaustischer Alkalien erfolgt in der Praxis wohl ausnahmslos derart, daß man Kalkmilch mit einer ziemlich verdünnten Lösung von Alkalikarbonat zusammenbringt und das Gemisch durch Einführung von Dampf erwärmt. Man ist zu diesem Verfahren nicht nur auf rein empirischem Wege gekommen, sondern auch durch physikalisch-chemische Betrachtungen, die zu dem Ergebnis geführtIn practice, caustic alkalis are produced without exception in such a way that milk of lime is combined with a rather dilute solution of alkali carbonate and heating the mixture by introducing steam. One is not to this procedure only come by purely empirical means, but also by physico-chemical means Considerations that led to the result
ίο haben, daß es sich, um gute Kaustisierungsausbeuten zu erhalten, empfiehlt, in möglichst verdünnten Lösungen zu arbeiten.ίο have that in order to have good caustic yields recommends working in solutions that are as dilute as possible.
Die Nachteile des bisher angewandten Verfahrens bestehen darin, daß man zur Erwärmung der Lösungen sowie zum späteren Eindampfen des überschüssigen Wassers außerordentlich viel Dampf verbraucht.The disadvantages of the method used so far are that you have to heat the solutions as well as the later evaporation of the excess water extraordinary consumed a lot of steam.
Es ist nun erkannt worden, daß auch sehr gute Kaustisierungsausbeuten erhalten werdenIt has now been recognized that very good causticization yields are also obtained
ao können ohne diese eben geschilderten Nachteile, wenn man nämlich folgendermaßen verfährt. Die kohlensauren Alkalien werden in festem Zustande mit gebranntem Kalk möglichst in zerkleinerter Form (Walnußgröße) in äquivalenten Mengen innig gemischt. Alsdannwird die Masse in ein geeignetes Gefäß gebracht und so viel Wasser hinzugegeben, als gerade zum völligen Ablöschen des Kalkes nötig ist. Die hierbei frei werdende Hydratationswärme des Kalkes gemäß der Formel CaO + H2O = Ca(O H)2 + 15,5 Kai. ist so groß, daß sie genügt, um etwa 50 Prozent des vorhandenen Alkalikarbonats in kaustische Form umzuwandeln. Da der Kaustisierungsvorgang bekanntlich eine umkehrbare Reaktion ist, so müssen die restlichen 50 Prozent des Alkalikarbonats nach dem bisher üblichen Verfahren, d. h. in verdünnter Lösung unter Zuführung von Dampf in die kaustische Form übergeführt werden.ao can without these disadvantages just described, namely if one proceeds as follows. The carbonate alkalis are intimately mixed in the solid state with quick lime, if possible in crushed form (walnut size) in equivalent amounts. The mass is then placed in a suitable container and as much water is added as is just necessary to completely extinguish the lime. The resulting heat of hydration of the lime according to the formula CaO + H 2 O = Ca (O H) 2 + 15.5 Kai. is so large that it is sufficient to convert about 50 percent of the existing alkali carbonate into caustic form. Since the causticizing process is known to be a reversible reaction, the remaining 50 percent of the alkali metal carbonate must be converted into the caustic form by the previously customary process, ie in dilute solution with the addition of steam.
Es ist nun ohne weiteres klar, daß man bei diesem Verfahren durch Ausnutzung der Reaktions- bzw. Hydratationswärme bis zur Hälfte derjenigen Wärmemenge spart, welche zur Kaustisierung des Alkalikarbonats benötigt wird. Es wird hierdurch also vor allen Dingen an Wärmezufuhr gespart, dann aber auch an Zeit) so daß in jedem Kaustisierungsgefäß eine größere Anzahl von Kaustisierungen als bisher durchgeführt werden kann.It is now readily apparent that by utilizing the Heat of reaction or hydration saves up to half the amount of heat that is required to causticize the alkali carbonate. So above all, it will be the result of this saved in heat supply, but also in time) so that in every causticizing vessel a greater number of causticizations than before can be carried out.
Etwa 530 kg kalzinierte Soda werden mit etwa 280 kg Ätzkalk gemischt, hierzu werden etwa 99 kg Wasser hinzugegeben. Die Reaktion setzt sofort beim Hinzufügen des Wassers ein und führt ohne weiteres bis zur Umwandlung von etwa 50 Prozent des Alkalikarbonats in Ätzalkali. Man erhält nach beendeter Reaktion etwa 200 kg Atznatron und 250 kg kohlensauren Kalk. Der Rest besteht aus gelöschtem Kalk und unzersetztem Natriumkarbonat. Diese restlichen 50 Prozent Natriumkarbonat müssen dann noch in bekannter Weise in Ätznatron übergeführt werden. About 530 kg of calcined soda are mixed with about 280 kg of quick lime added about 99 kg of water. The reaction starts immediately when the water is added and readily results in the conversion of about 50 percent of the alkali carbonate in caustic alkali. After the reaction has ended, about 200 kg of caustic soda and 250 kg of carbonate of lime. The rest consists of slaked lime and undecomposed sodium carbonate. The remaining 50 percent sodium carbonate must then be converted into caustic soda in a known manner.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE272790C true DE272790C (en) |
Family
ID=529309
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DENDAT272790D Active DE272790C (en) |
Country Status (1)
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DE (1) | DE272790C (en) |
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- DE DENDAT272790D patent/DE272790C/de active Active
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