DE2633303A1 - DEVICE FOR OPERATING AN ARC UNLOADING DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

lainriclitung to 3e1; riel) one

j The invention "betriiio cine ^ inriclituns for the operation of a do- ■ Genentladungsvorriclitimg: uit in operation one after the other al) "burning en

S-iaueleli-fcroclen and a VorscIiuDvorrichtiuig for each a ",) - ¹ ui-terminating electrode.

, The Bogeneilülaclungsvorriclitung Irann a plasma runner for The conduction of chemical reactions. The static electrodes sir.ö preferred carbon cathodes.

; Vi ^r emi the in the discharge device abbremieiide stacked electrode ^: uis aui one for holding in. The feed device and for; sufficiently protruding into the combustion chamber of the cargo

i direction required reads alogeJranut, oisher had to read the i
The arc discharge device is switched off, the remainder of the aogenous electrode removed, a new electrode inserted, the arc discharge device switched on again and the liogeuciii, -charged re-ignited. This was particularly disadvantageous in the case of Dogon discharge devices for carrying out chemical reactions.

- ί -

709807/0732

ORlGSNAL INSPECTED

The invention is based on the object of providing several stick electrodes., to burn down completely one after the other without interrupting operation.

This is achieved according to the invention in that the front and the rear ends of electrodes to be burned off one after the other for coaxial, force-fitting or form-fitting connection of the electrodes are shaped, and that on the side of the feed device at which the electrode to be burned off in each case in the feed device is inserted, a guide is arranged, which has a further electrode coaxial with the one introduced into the feed device Electrode receives longitudinally displaceable and is equipped with a movement device that is attached to the received by the guide Electrode engages in order to connect it in a non-positive or form-fitting manner with the electrode introduced into the Voradaubvorrichtung.

The advancing device is preferably an automatic advancing device which advances the electrode which is burning at its front end in the discharge device either at a predetermined speed or as a function of the current and / or the voltage in order to maintain a constant arc discharge. A scanning device which responds is expediently arranged between the guide and the feed device _; when the rear end protruding from the advancing device of the electrode advanced by the advancing device passes the Abtststelle, whereby the Abise tv or direction of the discharge

709807/0732

3 2333303

triggers another electrode from a magazine into the guide, and sets the movement device in motion in order to connect the further electrode to the largely burnt-out electrode. As a result, all electrodes contained in the magazine can automatically be burned off completely one after the other, and it will enables automatic, maintenance-free, uninterrupted operation over a long period of time.

In the following, an embodiment of the invention is based on described in more detail in the accompanying drawing, It shows:

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a clamping pin connection of two rod electrodes,

FIG. 2 shows a cross section along the line II-II in FIG. 1,

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section through a screw connection of two Stick electrodes,

FIG. 4 shows a cross section along the line IV - IV in FIG.

Figure 5 is a side view of a device for uninterrupted Operation of an arc discharge device with a stick electrode that burns down during operation and a feed device for this, FIG. 6 shows a plan view of FIG. 5

7 shows a section along the line VII - VII in FIGS. 5 and 6, on a larger scale,

FIG. 8 is a partial view in the direction of arrow VIII in Figs. 5 and 6,

FIG. 9 shows a control circuit for the automatic operation of the Device according to Fig. 5 to 8,

709807/0732

FIG. 10 shows the circuit diagram of an electronic component from FIG. 9,

FIG. 11 shows the circuit diagram of another electronic component of Fig. 9,

FIG. 12 shows a pulse diagram for FIG. 9.

According to Figures 1 and 2, one end of a is partially shown Rod electrode 21 is provided with a conical extension 22 which is frictionally engaged in a blind hole 23 adapted to it on the other The end of an adjoining rod electrode 24 is seated. The extension 22 can merely push into the blind hole 23 or rotate into the blind hole 23. At the other end, not shown, the electrode 21 has a blind hole corresponding to the blind hole 23, and the electrode 24 has a projection corresponding to the projection 22 at the other end (not shown). When the interconnected Electrodes 21 and 24 are used as cathode, at the tip of which, as is known, a crater is formed, they are twenty-two in the direction of the arrow 25, i.e. with the end of the electrode 24 having the blind hole 23 first through the feed device into the Discharge device introduced. When introducing in the opposite direction, if the crater surface in Fig. 1 from the right As it progresses to the left, a narrow ring of material from the electrode 24 will eventually sit on a remainder of the projection 22. This ring could tear due to thermal stresses or as a result inclined or uneven burning crumble and fall off whereupon its parts cause disturbances of the arc discharge, possibly too

709807/0732

Short circuit. However, if the electrodes point in the direction of the arrow 25 are introduced, the crater then progressing from left to right in FIG. 1, only a substantial amount is created smaller ring, namely a ring made of the material of the electrode 21 of the projection 22 in the remainder of the blind hole 23. This ring is seated not on the outer periphery of the crater, but inside it, where the temperature is highest, so that crumbling parts diodes smaller ring have greater prospect of being burned, and in the the rest are also smaller and, for these reasons, less annoying. The disadvantage of this connection is that it is unavoidable for a firm fit Annular gap 26, which is on the ring seal, through which the electrodes enter the combustion chamber of the discharge device are introduced, and at contacts for the power supply to the burning electrode can lead to difficulties. Nevertheless the connection according to FIG. 1 has proven itself.

The screw connection according to FIGS. 3 and 4 has proven to be best. The inclination of the conical transition 27 between the diameter of the electrode 28 and the diameter of the threading attachment 29 is expediently chosen so that it approximates the inclination of the crater corresponds in this area, so that no ring of male rial of the electrode 28 is formed when the electrodes 28 and 30 in the direction of arrow 31 into the discharge device.

32 promotes and burned down one after the other. The short Z _a pfen / at the end of the threaded attachment 29 holds the remainder thereof is determined when the approach is burned 29 so far from the left that he had no support alone. With an electrode diameter of 13 mm, a

709807/0732

Threaded attachment 29 of 9.5 ™ length with M8 thread, a conical one Transition 27 with an angle of 45 and am.Gewindeansatz 29 a pin 52 with a diameter of 4 mm and a length of 5.5 mm has proven successful. Even in this embodiment, the other end, not shown, of each electrode 28 and 30 is like the end of the electrode shown 30 and 28 executed.

According to FIGS. 5 to 7, a carriage 41 is on a frame 40 slidably mounted on spars 42. The sled. 41 carries on his in Fig. 5 and 6 right end an automatic feed device 43 for an only partially shown electrode 44, the one on the right from the feed device 43 into an arc discharge device (not shown) protrudes. The feed device 43 engages the part protruding from the discharge device on the left of the electrode 44 and pushes it continuously into the discharge device in accordance with its burn-up, whereby it pushes the electrode rotates around its axis to ensure symmetrical burn-off. A feed device of this type is for example in Switzerland. Patent specification (request No. 13 476/73 of 19.9.73) and the corresponding German patent application 24 40 252.

On the slide 41 is a guide rail 45 with a V-shaped groove 46 in cross section and protruding from the groove flanks Balls 47 (Fig. 7 and 8) mounted rotatably on all sides. These balls 47 are not shown in FIGS. They are in lengthways the groove 46 arranged successive intervals. The guide rail 45 runs parallel to the spars 42 and the balls 47 serve to each have a further electrode (48 in FIGS. 7 and 8),

709807/0732

which is intended to be used as an extension of the electrode 44

to become, longitudinally displaceable and rotatable about its axis to receive, so that it can be connected coaxially to the rear (left in FIGS. 5 and 6) end of the electrode 44. To this end the balls 47 are arranged in such a way that the electrode 48 mounted on them is aligned with the electrode 44.

On one side of the guide rail 45 is a magazine 49 for others Electrodes 50 to 53 (Figure 7) arranged, the two coplanar base plates 54, two lateral guide strips 55 and two hold-downs 56 has. The base plates 54 are inclined in such a way that the electrodes 50 to 53 lying on them face the groove 46 of the guide rail 45- can roll, with the ends of the guide rails 55 are performed. At the lower end of the base plates 54 are two holding fingers 57, which hold the bottom electrode 50 in the magazine, and two holding fingers 58, which hold the second bottom electrode 51 and thus also electrodes 52 and 53 and others (not shown) Hold electrodes stored in the magazine, arranged. The holding fingers 57 and 58 can by lifting magnets 59, 60 against the Force of retaining springs 61, 62 are raised so that they Let go of the electrode 50 or 51 held by them.

The carriage 41 carries a left end in FIGS. 5 and 6

Plunger 63, which by a solenoid 64 against the force of a

65
Retaining spring / is displaceable to the right in FIGS. 5 and 6 in order to push the electrode (48 in FIGS. 7 and 8) received by the guide rail 45 against the left end of the electrode 44 when a light barrier 66 detects that only one short piece of the electrode 44 protrudes from the feed device 43.

rather the guide rail 45 is a friction roller 67 (Fig. 8)

mounted on the carriage 41 so as to be vertically displaceable.

709807/0732

The friction roller 67 can counter the force of a retaining spring 69 against the force of a retaining spring 69 in the groove of the guide plate by means of a lifting agent 68 lying electrode 48 are printed in order to rotate them for connection to the electrode 44. The friction roller 67 is of one Gear motor 70 is driven, which is mounted on the carriage 41

(Fig. 6).

and a bevel gear 7l / and a compensating clutch (elastic Intermediate member) 72 is connected to the shaft of the friction roller 67. The compensating coupling 72 enables the drive of the friction roller 67 even if its shaft is not aligned with the shaft of the output gear of the geared motor 70. The wave the friction roller 67 runs parallel to the guide rail 45.

Extends between in Fig. 5 and 6, the right end of the guide rail 45 and the feed device 43 of the light barrier äse beam 66 which by way ⁺ older (in Fig. 5 and 6, left) end derSlektrode 44 is interrupted as long as the same yet sufficiently from the feed device 43 protrudes. The light barrier 66 is the sensor of a control circuit (FIGS. 9 to 11) for the lifting magnets 59, 60, 64, 68 and the gear motor 70. It also briefly stops the feed device 43 so that the electrode 44 stands still when the electrode 48 is connected to it, as can be seen from the mode of operation of the device, which is explained in connection with the description of the control circuit which now follows.

709807/0732

The control circuit shown in Fig. 9 includes nine electronic ones Units 81 to 89 of the type Biviator SR 4b and an electronic unit 90 of the type Biviator TR 1 of Company Biviator Inc. New York, IT.Y. The circuit of the units 81 to 89 is in Fig. 10, that of the assembly 90, which is here is used only as a switching amplifier is shown in Fig. 11, the terminals being denoted by the same numbers are like the types on the market.

The control circuit of FIG. 9 is a binary program control which controls the parts shown on the right in this FIG., Namely a relay 91 for feeding the feed device 43 the lifting magnets 60, the holding fingers 58 (FIG. 7), the lifting magnets

59 for the holding fingers 57 (FIG. 7); a relay 92 for the supply of the lifting magnet 64 for the ram 63 (FIGS. 5 and 6) and the gear motor 70 and a relay 93 for feeding the lifting magnet 68 for the friction roller 67 (FIG. 8), actuated during certain times and at certain time intervals. the Actuation times (with the exception of that of relay 91) at resistors 94 to 96 (500 kilo ~ 0hm each) and 97 (2.5 meg-0hm), the time intervals can be set at resistors 98 to (500 kilo-ohms each). Resistor 102 is a fixed resistor (1 kilo-ohm).

12 shows that of the structural units for a program cycle 81, 82, 84, 87 and 88 to the relay 91, the lifting magnets

60 and 59, the relay 92 and the gear motor 7Θ and the Relay 93 supplied pulses as well as the pulses which are each supplied from one unit to one or two others, to the actuation processes with the time intervals after

709807/0732

trigger each other. The part or the structural unit which supplies the pulse is indicated to the left of each pulse ■ display and the part or the structural unit which receives the pulse is indicated on the right. If this part is a relay, the part fed through the contact of this relay is given in clas-sons.

The following describes the mode of operation of the. Facility described. It is assumed here that electrodes that can be screwed together (FIGS. 3 and 4) are only present in the magazine 49 in the positions indicated by 51 to 53 in FIG. 7. The electrodes are supported on one another and the lowermost electrode 51 is held by the holding fingers 58. The electrode 44 (Fig. 5 and 6) burns in the arc discharge device, not shown, gradually and is pushed further and further into the discharge device by the feed device 43 in the burn-off box (in FIGS. 5 and 6 from left to right) .

At time A (FIG. 12), the end of the electrode 44 on the left in FIGS. 5 and 6 passes through the light beam. the light barrier 66, whereby a pulse of the photoresistor 66a of the light barrier 66 begins, which goes to the unit 81. The unit 81 energizes the relay R _e 91 is stopped whereby the feed device 43, so that the electrode 44 is now resting in order to be connected to the next electrode. At the same time, a pulse from the unit 82 is triggered, which excites the lifting magnets 6Q of the holding fingers 58 until time B. The electrode 51 rolls into the position 50 in which it is held by the holding fingers 57, and the

709807/0732

Electrodes 52 and 53 roll or slide into positions 51 and 52, in which they move from the point in time B to the (in Fig. 7 shown) rest position returned holding fingers 58 are held. At time B, a pulse of the unit 83 begins, its .End C triggers a pulse of the unit 84, which up to the point in time D lasts and during this period the solenoids 59 of the holding fingers 57 are excited, whereby the holding fingers 57 in the 'position 50 held electrode rolls into the groove 46 of the guide rail 45. In this position; the electrode is designated 48 in FIGS. 7 and 8. This electrode is now on the balls 47 in their longitudinal direction slidably and rotatably mounted around its axis. At time D, a pulse from the unit 85 and a pulse from the unit set 86 a. The pulse of the unit 86 lasts until E and then triggers a pulse from the unit 87, which lasts until H and during this duration the relay 92 and thereby the solenoid 64 of the plunger 63 excited. The plunger 63 pushes the in position 48 in the groove 46 lying electrode (in Fig. 5 and 6 to the right) to the electrode 44 and holds it up to the time H on the electrode 44 pressed. At the time F, the electrode in position 48 interrupts the light beam from light barrier 66, so that the pulse delivered by the photoresistor 66 a ends. This does not trigger any action. The one triggered in unit 85 The pulse ends at the point in time G before the end H of the excitation of the lifting magnet 64 of the plunger 63 and triggers a pulse at this point in time G- the unit 88, which lasts until time I and during this period the geared motor 70 and the relay 93 feed ^

709807/0732

whereby the solenoid 68 is energized. This will make the friction roller -67 rotated and pressed against the electrode, which was in the position 48 in. The hat 46 ″ lies and from the plunger 63 to the electrode 44 is pressed. As a result, the electrode lying indeiJETut 46 becomes rotated and screwed to the electrode 44. At time I, a pulse from unit 89 is triggered, which is sent to unit 81 and lasts until time K. The energy of this impulse restores the state of rest of the unit 81 in which the Relay 91 is not energized and the feed device 43 is fed via the -nose contact of this relay 91. The feed device 43 now pushes the electrode 44 and the electrode screwed to it in the mass of the burn-off into the arc discharge device, until the rear (left in FIGS. 5 and 6) end of the latter electrode interrupts the light beam of the light barrier 66, whereupon the processes described are repeated and an electrode "is again attached to that (on the left in Figures 5 and 6) from the feed device 43 protruding electrode end is screwed on. The replenishment and screwing of the next electrode to the previous one takes only a few seconds, so that the arc discharge continues to burn practically unchanged, although the feed device is stopped.

The carriage 41 enables the device, which is expedient operated with the advancing device 43 immediately adjacent to the arc discharge device, retracting as required, e.g. to carry out maintenance work on the unloading device. 40 locked .. *

709807/0732

In one pushed away from the arc discharge device The carriage can be locked in position by pawls 104 on the frame.

The friction roller 67 can, when using electrodes after Pig. 3 and 4 corresponding to the pitch angle of the thread of the thread extension 29 (Fig. 3), obliquely instead of at right angles to Guide rail 45 be stored. With electrodes according to Fig. 1 and The only difference between the mode of operation of the device and the one described is that the electrodes do not pass through a screw connection (Fig. 3) but by a clamping pin connection (Fig. 1).

709807/0732

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS IJ device for operating a bow loading device with ic Operation of stick electrodes that burn off one after the other and a feed device for each electrode that burns off, thereby marked that the front, and the rear ends one after the other Electrodes (21, 24; 28, 30) to be burned off are formed for coaxial, force-fitting or form-fitting connection of the electrodes are, and that on the side of the feed device (43)> on which the respectively burning electrode (44) is inserted into the feed device, a guide (45) is arranged, which is a further Electrode (48) coaxially to the electrode (44) introduced into the feed device (43) receives longitudinally displaceable and with a Moving device (63, 67) is equipped, which acts on the electrode (48) received by the guide in order to or introduced in a form-fitting manner with the infclie feed device (43) "To connect the electrode (44). 7 0 9 8 0 7/0732 2, device according to claim I _9, characterized in that the electrodes (21, 24) have a .coaxial mandrel (22) at one end and a coaxial blind hole (23) adapted to this at the other end « 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrodes (28, 30) have a coaxial threaded attachment (29) at one end and a coaxial blind hole with an internal thread adapted to this at the other end. 4. device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that that the blind hole is formed on the front and the mandrel (22) or threaded extension (29) is formed on the rear electrode end. 5. Device according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that-the blind hole has a conical, beveled outer Edge (.27) and a flat base, to which a coaxial, cylindrical recess with a flat base connects, uni that the threaded extension (29) on one of the conical edge (27) adapted surface adjoins this (27) when the electrodes are screwed together and one adapted to the recess Has pin (32). 6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5 »thereby characterized in that the movement device has a parallel ■: 709 807/073 2 has a slide (63) that can be moved to the feed device (43), which is arranged at the end of the guide (45) which faces away from the feed device (43) and can be acted upon on this side (64) is. 7. Device according to 'claim 6, characterized in that by a solenoid (64) with retaining spring (65) for the Plunger (63). 8. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the guide (45, 46, 47) around the electrode (48) Axis rotatably receives and the movement device has at least one drivable friction roller (67) which is attached to the Guide recorded electrode (48) can be pressed to this to rotate their axis. 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the friction roller (67) transversely to the feed direction of the feed device (43) and movably supported by a compensating coupling (72) with the shaft of a drive motor (70) connected is. 10. Device according to claim 8, characterized by a lifting magnet (68) with a retaining spring (69) for movement the friction roller (67) q.uer to the feed direction of the feed device (43) · ''> 709807/0732 11. Device according to .Anspruch 1, characterized by a magazine (49) for receiving several electrodes (50-53) and with a device (57, 58) for releasing one electrode at a time into the guide (45). 12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the magazine (49) has a surface (54) with a slope, which receives a number of electrodes (50-53) lying next to one another parallel to the guide (45), and that the device for Release one electrode each first in the direction of the slope in front of the second lowest electrode (51) reaching (58) and second retractable fingers (57) gripping in the direction of the slope in front of the lowermost electrode (50). 13. Device according to 'claim 12, characterized by lifting magnets (59, 60) with retaining springs (61, 62) for moving the holding fingers (57, 58). 14. Device according to "Claim 1, characterized in that that at the point at which the electrodes are introduced into the feed device (43), a scanning device (66) is arranged, which responds to the activation of the movement device (63, 67) when the rear end of the electrode (44) advanced by the advance device, protruding from the advance device (43), passes the scanning point. % 709807/0732 15. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the scanning device comprises a light barrier (66) is. 16. Device according to .. Claim 6, 12 and 14, characterized by a control device (81-101) which, when the scanning device (66) responds, temporarily the first (53) and then temporarily withdraws the second holding finger (57) and then temporarily acts on the plunger (63). 17. Device according to claim 8 and 16,. characterized in that the control device during the application of the plunger (63) the drive (68) for pressing the friction roller (67) to that of the guide (45) aufgenccmene Electrode (48) and the. The drive (70) for rotating the friction roller (67) is temporarily actuated. 18. Device according to claim 6 and 11, characterized in that the guide (45) is the movement device (63, 67) and the magazine (49) on a (42) and lockable (103, 104) slides (41) are mounted. HK / RZ / lm-ms-5143 LONZA AG- June 26, 1975 The representative: 709807/0732