DE2523259A1 - PREFABRICATED BUILDING PLATE - Google Patents

Description

4β90 Herne, 8000 Munich 40,

DipL-iiig. W. Heinudnn-T.entepohl Γ

Pat. Hen-aa-Twaoll DlDl.-PhVS. Eduard BetZler Telephone: 36 30 11

Telephone: 51013 r t 36 3012

⁵¹⁰¹⁴ Dipl.-Ing. RH Bahr * *> ¹³

Telegram address: Telegram address: Bahrpatente Heme PATENTANWÄLTE Babetzpat Munich Telex 08229853 Telex 5215360

ρ ~ l bank accounts:

Bayerische Vereinsbank Munich 952 Dresdner Bank AG Herne 7-520 499 0 ^ 23259 Postscheckkonto Dortmund 558 68-467

Ref .: MO 5137 Sj / hr

Please indicate in the answer Please send a letter to:

Munich pick-up box

1) Claude Dumas

18, rue Gambetta

Vierzon (Cher) / France

2) Bernard Gibault

5 Chemin de la Greletterie
Issoudun (Indre) / France

3) Jean Gibault

15, Route de Voillon
Issoudun (Indre) / Frankre I

Prefabricated building board

The invention relates to prefabricated panels which are used, for example, for the construction of houses or the like permit.

Well-known prefabricated panels usually consist of reinforced concrete, which is used to improve its properties adds aggregates for a wide range of stresses in the company; the concrete is used to manufacture the The finished panel is poured onto the prefabricated panel at the construction site.

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Such prefabricated panels have a number of disadvantages, such as the fact that in most cases it is necessary to large dimensions, their large space requirements and their weight, which makes great demands on transport and handling.

With the prefabricated panels according to the invention, the disadvantages as they are with the previously known prefabricated Discs occur, eliminate.

A prefabricated panel according to the invention has a core in the form of a plate consisting of wood-like particles agglomerated by a binder, with as Binders, for example synthetic resins, such as are commercially available in large numbers, can be used.

The core of the prefabricated panel is reinforced in the longitudinal direction with any suitable reinforcement elements, such as E.g. iron girders, which also serve as reinforcement for the concrete.

Such an arrangement is completed in an advantageous manner by a conventional welded steel mesh, that is connected to the plate via metal elements, such as rebars or the like, which are at right angles are arranged to each other.

It is particularly advantageous if the metal carrier is clamped to the core on the plate forming the core are connected, preferably by two round iron or the like ..

Further features and advantages of the invention will be described in the following on the basis of exemplary embodiments and on the basis of the drawings are explained in more detail. The drawings show in

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Fig. 1 is a side view of a prefabricated panel according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of a detail according to FIG. 1 to illustrate the clamping of a reinforcing element at the core;

FIG. 3 shows a representation similar to FIG. 2 to explain a detail of a further embodiment; FIG. and in

Fig. 4 is a section through a finished panel made from a prefabricated panel according to the invention.

The prefabricated plate shown in the drawings has a core a in the form of a plate made of woody Material made from pieces, chips, scrap pieces and the like agglomerated by a binder such as synthetic resin. Numerous panels of this type for use as a core for the prefabricated panels are available in stores. The core a can with a plate b made of suitable, acoustic and / or be provided with thermally insulating material (see. Fig. 3).

The core a is reinforced in the longitudinal direction by elements, such as, for example, by regularly spaced metal lattice girders £, C ₁ ^, the spacing of which is selected as a function of the required reinforcement.

The connection of the carrier c_, O ₁ and the core a can be established with the help of any suitable arrangements. In the exemplary embodiment, it is produced by wire clamping, in which the clamps d support clamps e ,, e ... which receive the support beams c, c * on their underside.

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The reinforcement is completed by a conventional welded welded wire mesh or by reinforcing rods, which as a "carrier" and as a "load distributor" according to the requirements of the static calculation for the panels to be manufactured and are arranged taking into account the existing gaps.

The elements of the reinforcement mesh or the iron bars f are arranged over the core a before the bracing of the support beams £ and are advantageously connected to the support beams £, c ^ by wire connections £.

In this way a lightweight prefabricated panel is made, which nevertheless has a considerable mechanical resistance and is supported along its main surfaces can be without creating great difficulties in terms of transportation and handling. It is clear that Such a plate in most cases, in contrast to the known plates, as a plate with four support or Support points can be used, which is a significant benefit, as explained in more detail below will be.

If necessary, however, the connection between two plates is made by a reinforcement mesh element j. ensured which on the elements of the reinforcement mesh or on the reinforcement round bars over the connection point in an overlap is arranged and welded. The connection can of course also take place in other ways. The connection will thereby facilitated and supported in their effect that the two to be assembled, prefabricated panels on their Adjacent edges or joint areas give a complementary shape, e.g. in the form of a tongue and groove connection, as in Embodiment.

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The prefabricated one produced in this way is used on the construction site The slab is poured in one step, concrete h, which encloses the reinforcement h * (see FIG. 4). Is particularly advantageous it when you have relief blocks i. made of suitable low density materials, such as foamed plastic material.

It should be noted at this point that the inside of the proposed prefabricated panel itself can form a ceiling, which offers a number of advantages, as will be explained in more detail below.

The proposed prefabricated panel has a number of advantages over known prefabricated panels on. Apart from the fact that the proposed plate has good properties in terms of strength and lightness a four-point support can be assumed for each calculation for the slabs, which has been the case with the previous known prefabricated concrete slabs was rarely the case, the weight of which is also very cumbersome and apart from a few areas requires cutting.

On the other hand, it is known that it is very advantageous to use concrete slabs with four-point supports or with two perpendicular supports Process directions. Using this method the saving in rebar material can be up to one Third of the amount of steel that would have to be used for a self-supporting structural element resting on only two supports. In addition, the elasticity of the component is greatly reduced, so that the thickness is not inconsiderable of the component can reduce.

It is clear that all of this is not possible with a prefabricated concrete slab from a certain size, because you can

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prefabricated plate for transport and handling in a plurality of plates of, for example, 2 m 4.5 m must disassemble, which are easier to handle in all stages of use.

If you want to work with four-point supports under these conditions, you can use a number of technicians. For example, you can in the prefabricated slab above the main reinforcement of the concrete in the usual north-south direction Apply a layer of reinforcement at right angles to it in an east-west direction.

It is easy to see that the distance h is next to the new reinforcement layer and the upper level of the finished slab much less than the distance from the same upper level to the first reinforcement layer in north-south direction.

Furthermore, every reduction in h, the required height, has a simultaneous reduction in the lever arm of the elastic Couple result, which must be compensated for by a considerable increase in the steels to be used.

In this way, the elasticity of the component and the risk of cracking at the connection point are reduced at the same time increased between two adjacent prefabricated panels. It is clear that under the bending stress in east-west direction the beginning of a break at the junction caused by a too high Reinforcement is poorly connected, increasing the risk of cracks forming over the entire length of the connection. These The solution is therefore not satisfactory either from an economic or from a technical point of view. It is very much indeed questionable whether one should use such a plate as a component, which in two mutually perpendicular directions with such different lever arms due to the radical

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Distance between the two layers of reinforcement rests.

Another technique is to use plug-in reinforcement in the prefabricated slabs that overlap one another overlap a sufficient distance within a wired area. Such a casing must be made, installed and be dismantled again; the sloughing often causes traces on the underside, i.e. irregularities in appearance, so that this solution, even if it is relatively satisfactory from a technical point of view, has little use will.

Due to the design of the panels according to the invention needs you do not have to resort to such technical aids, since the production of prefabricated panels with four support points is practically always possible.

Another disadvantage that can be avoided with the slab according to the invention is concreting in several stages.

The usual prefabricated concrete slabs are poured on the construction site fresh concrete on a boarded plate made of prefabricated concrete at certain time intervals, which is then at an advanced stage in terms of hardening and shrinkage.

This feature of the known prefabricated concrete panels imposes certain restrictions on what the regulations for fully encapsulated panels on auxiliary formwork allow in a single operation. For such components, a tangential shear stress or a shear stress component of up to 7/8 kg / cm ^{2 is} permissible (C / F CCBA68 Art. 27/2)

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The permissible shear stress is considerably reduced in prefabricated concrete slabs and limited to the value of 2 kg / cm. However, under certain conditions this value can be exceeded by about 50%. (C / f Cahiers des charges Predalles a raidisseur metalliques Nov. 69).

In order to exceed these values even further, one has to cross Use linear reinforcement that absorbs or compensates for the tangential stresses.

Prefabricated panels according to the invention offer no difficulties in this regard, since the concrete in place and Body is poured in a single operation.

The prefabricated panels according to the invention have about it in addition to the following advantages:

At 20 kg / m, the elements are very light compared to the previous

known prefabricated panels with 100 kg / m, which is a much more extensive with the same transport costs Area distribution has the consequence.

Improved thermal insulation (K minimum = 1.7 W / m ^{2 0} C full board 14 alone * 2.5 W / m ^{2 0} C).

Improved acoustic attenuation and absorption of echoes when the panel is not clad, e.g. in the basement.

The possibility of gluing, nailing, clamping by hand or mechanically enables all ceiling cladding to be attached, Cladding boards, perforated panels or the like,

Possibility of anchoring light bodies up to 25 kg at any point.

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Support and easy adjustment of gypsum partitions.

For masonry walls, the elasticity of the panel avoids excessive tensioning of the elements.

Punctures and bores, e.g. for attaching electrical lines, can be easily carried out.

Claims ι - 10 -

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Claims (9)

. 40 claims 1.) Prefabricated plate for use as a component for the construction of houses o Parts consists in the form of a plate, and that the core (a) is provided with elements (c, c * , d, e_, e *, f, £, j) , preferably made of metal, for reinforcement and reinforcement, which are in extend two mutually perpendicular directions. 2. Plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the core (a) is reinforced in the longitudinal direction by metal lattice girders (c, c ^). 3. Plate according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterized in that the core (a) in the transverse direction is reinforced with a wire mesh (f, j). 4. Plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Core (a) in the transverse direction with elements (f, j) such as e.g. Reinforcement base iron or the like is reinforced. 5. Plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core (a) is connected to the longitudinal reinforcements (c, C ₁ ) by brackets (d, e, f, g), for example pneumatically, and that each reinforcement element (c, C ₁ ) is provided at the desired points with support brackets (d) which overlap the brackets CeJe ₁ ) before they are introduced into the core (a). 509850/0327 6. Plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the in Reinforcement elements running transversely with suitable Means, for example connected to the core by interweaving. 7. Plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Edges of two adjacent panels to connect the two panels with complementary, interlocking panels Shapes are provided that ensure an aligned assembly, for example by bunging. 8. Plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Connections according to claim 7 reinforced by connecting elements, such as pins or bolts, which with the transverse extending reinforcing elements are connected and themselves in a certain area on both sides of the connection plane extend. 9. Plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that suitable materials (b, 1) are added to the core (a) of the plate to increase its thermal and acoustic insulating properties. 509850/0327