DE2437089A1 - GRAPPLE ARRANGEMENT FOR LIFTING EQUIPMENT - Google Patents

Description

description
to the patent application

of the company Dravo Corporation, One Oliver Plaza, Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania 15222 / U.S.A.

concerning:

"Gripper arrangement for hoists"

The invention relates to a gripper arrangement for hoists.

A number of types of wiring are known in grippers. Under cabling, the arrangement should be here understand the cables with which the gripper is operated; it has nothing to do with electrical wiring to do. In directly cabled gripper arrangements, the holding and locking cables, doh, the cables that are used to hold the weight to carry the gripper and to open or close the gripper, each with one of their ends directly fixed on the gripper, while the other end is wound around a suitably designed hoist or

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recommendations is. In another kind of gripper assembly • a grinding "or Plaschenzuganordnung is provided, wherein the holding and closing cables are laid around blocks or rollers are arranged _a in the gripper, while one end of each holding and closing cable is fed back to the trolley or _{another structure a} supporting the gripper where the ends are anchored. Direct wiring to a typical four-cable gripper typically uses two holding and two locking cables, each pair of cables having to be manipulated at the same time to either open or close the gripper. In the block and tackle arrangement used in a typical four-cable grapple, only one holding and one locking cable are used, one end of which is wrapped around an appropriate hoist while the other ends

are set or anchored, for example, on gripper carriers or on a trolley. The gripper is

suspended by means of a two-part one-piece Retaining cable and a two-part single locking cable.

is the manipulation of only one locking cable and

required, instead of each pair of cables being manipulated as is the case with direct cabling

Regardless of the cabling used, grippers that are used * to convey bulk goods, especially with Schworlasthebezeugsn by gravity ο If you let the Schlleßkabal loose, the gripper _s opens and its weight is borne by the holding cables, with the gripper thrown or lowered is made by winding or unwinding the latter cable. The digging effect is caused by a combination of the weight of the grapple, so that the grapple claws into the material, and the tightening of the cords

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which these mouths will be closed. A scissors-type gripper, in which the locking cables exert a horizontal force on the upper scissor arms with which the lips closed provides a higher digging force on the jaw than a vertically wired grab where no direct effect is provided to close the gripper mark, so that one is only dependent on the weight, which takes effect in the gripper mouth. This increased digging force through the action of the scissor arm enables the empty weight of the grapple to be reduced. Such a lighter one Grapple allows an increase in the payload capacity for a given total lifting capacity of the hoists,, and the scissors arrangement offers better protection for the locking cable against the material to be conveyed, in particular when it is close to the closed position. However, since the existing scissor-type grippers all come with direct wiring are provided, it is always necessary to manipulate at least four cables, i.e. one each Pair of retaining cables and a pair of locking cables to to open and close the gripper accordingly.

The object of the present invention is to create a gripper arrangement in which the advantages of a improved payload to dead load ratio, specific to a scissor type grapple, and the benefits a pulley cabling system can be combined, the handling of a four-cable grab only one Retaining cable and a locking cable requires, instead of the necessity, two retaining cables and manipulate two locking cables, as in a directly wired system. In addition, you can have a customized Create a trolley arrangement with which it is possible to use hoists to pick up one cable at a time, that takes up a quarter of the total lifted load

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takes instead of two cables that total half transferred to the lifted load.

The solution to this problem results from patent claim 1, and the subclaims define preferred ones and advantageous embodiments of the teaching of the invention.

With reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the subject matter are described below the invention explained in more detail. However, it should be understood that these embodiments are only examples and that numerous changes can be made without departing from the teachings of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows a typical side view

Ship crane with a clamp grab, which crane is on a pier and whose gripper arrangement is constructed according to the invention,

Fig. 2 is a front view of the crane of Fig. 1, viewed in the direction of the line A-A;

Figure 3 is a simplified perspective

Representation of the Oifer support frame for Representation of a preferred retaining cable system,

4 is a simplified front view of a scissor grab in the closed state with cabling according to a preferred embodiment of the invention,

5 is a side view of a gripper according to FIG Figure 4, seen in the direction of the line C-C,

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Fig. 6 is a plan view of a Pig * 5 * gripper viewed in the direction of line B-B,

7 is a perspective schematic illustration of a preferred cabling system as shown in Pig, 4-6 and 14 is used

Figures 8-13 are perspective schematic representations other embodiments of the cabling system according to the invention, and

FIG. 14 shows a scissors gripper according to FIG. 4, in which the gripper is shown open.

In Figo 1 and 2, a typical grab for a ship's fire-fighting crane Io of known design is shown. The vertical support 11 consists of interconnected Struts or pillars. The vertical support 11 is equipped with chassis 13 that can run on rails 14, which, in turn, are laid on a pier so that the crane can run along the pier in order to access a barge 16, for example unload »The unloader Io is also provided with an elongated, essentially horizontal, vertical pivotable, box-like boom 17 * which serves as a support and guide for © ine trolley 50, one of which cabled gripper assembly in accordance with the teachings of the present invention 18 hangs down,

The trolley 50 is of a construction known per se and is moved along the boom from a position above the loading opening of the lighter 16 which is to be unloaded into a position via a funnel 49 or other material pick-up cables 43 are used, to move the trolley 50 forward along the boom & u while a compensating cable 44 is used to move the trolley backward along the boom, as is conventional in the art. 509809/0306

recognizes in Fig "3j that the gripper assembly a Support frame in 19 in the form of an open box includes gripper

2o are provided, which are fastened to the four corners of 19 and are arranged horizontally at the corresponding corners of GFelfers 21. Around the shaft is a holding cable ; the running end of which goes over one or more

46 is guided and ura a holding tube 2h 1st, which is located in the operating seatolne 25, the other j, dead end of the cable ^ 5 * n of the trolley

is or is wrapped around an anchoring drum, mounted on a trolley, as explained in the US patent "Of course, any other suitable means for anchoring cable ends, as are known in the art, can be used." It is true that the

as shown, in loop cabling are used, doehi körnten, if desired, the Oreiferitelte Esatel auefa be laid directly, as this got to be Is.

With reference to FIGS. 4 to 7, it is to be explained the gripper 21 is preferably of the seer type (per se

) _B tei d @ «essentially identical parts 26 work together in mirror image» Each part 26 consists of claw or elneia la st load-bearing section 32, generally formed by a base plate 27, with vertical © In the opposite side plate 28 and 29 and preferably a back plate 3o and a pair of substantially parallel arms 3I and 3 & * j> which extend diagonally in the direction of the claw section 32. The claws overlay each other and are connected to each other by pivot bearings,

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for example a pivot pin 33, so that there is a scissors joint, with the upper ends of the arms extending over extend beyond this pivot point. Other pivot bearings for this purpose are for example in the US patent described.

Near the tops of the pairs of arms 31 and 31a and disposed generally horizontally therebetween are shafts 34 and 34a, respectively. Locking blocks 35 and 36 or 35 * and 36a are arranged for the rotation uin these shafts 34 and 34a. Underneath the shafts 34 and 3 ^ ^a , shafts 37 and 37a lie essentially horizontally, each between the pairs of arms 31 and 31a, respectively. Guide blocks 38 and 38a, respectively, are mounted for rotation about shafts 37 and 37a.

A locking cable 39, one end or running end 4o of which passes over one or more trolley guide blocks 47 runs and is wound around a closing drum 42 in the cabin 25 and its other or dead end 41 by means customary for this purpose, as explained above with reference to FIG the retaining cable 45, anchored 1st, 1st consecutively around the Blocks 38, 36, 36a, 35, 35a and 38a placed so that when a pulling force is applied to the running end 4o of the locking cable 39 attacks, all blocks 35, 35a, 36, 36a, 38 and 38a in the Go around clockwise for their respective time and take a train

Is exercised in the locking cable and on the dead end of the Locking cable is transferred, which pulls the arms towards each other and thus the gripper is closed. It goes without saying, of course, that the current end is 40 and the dead End 41 of the locking cable 39 are interchangeable, in which case a tensile force exerted on the locking cable 39 would cause all blocks 35, 35a, 36, 36a, 38 and 38a to rotate counterclockwise around their respective shafts, which would also close the gripper.

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The locking cable system arrangement just described uses a total of six blocks, and it has been found that so that a satisfactory digging force is exerted when closing the grapple. However, it is possible and in some In some cases it is also desirable to use a smaller number of blocks, for example two or four blocks. Man can also change the manner in which the cord is wrapped around the various blocks if desired. Pig »8-13 show modifications in perspective and in schematic form within the scope of the present invention, but by no means all possibilities are exhausted.

The embodiment according to Fig. 8 is perhaps the simplest possible arrangement and may be suitable for relatively light grippers of low capacity. In the arrangement 8 only two locking blocks are provided, namely blocks 48 and 48a, each block being rotatable about shafts 54a is.

Figure 9 is an illustration of an embodiment

7, but with the guide blocks 38 and 38a are serene. According to FIG. 9, the locking cable 39 is placed one after the other around the blocks 36, 36a, 35 and 35 &.

Io shows an arrangement similar to FIG. 8 with the use of two closing blocks 48 and 48a, which are arranged in three rows on upper shafts 34a, plus guide blocks 38a, 38a rotatable on lower shafts 37 and 37a, respectively. In FIG. 10, the locking cable 39 is guided one after the other over the blocks 38 “ ¹ IS ₅ 48a mad 38a.

Fig. 11 uses a block © the bottle gaiter

the Naola Figo 7 ^ where, however, in Figure "7, the fl © s SclilieSIcabels 39 awisehen dea Blöeken extend horizontally 35 36 oifie]? 6b, Imae ^ are those Absetmitte ü © s Setslleßkabels in the Ausführungsforn according to Figo 11 iwisehen d © a Blöeken 36 to 36a and 36a to 35

Similarly, Figs. 12 and I3 show, respectively Diagonal cabling instead of the horizontally lying locking cable sections according to FIGS. 9 and lo. One recognises further that in each of FIGS. 8-13,. as in Fig. 7 the Direction of rotation of the blocks - through the ones attached to them Direction arrows is indicated.

Apart from the number of blocks or pulleys that are used or the way in which the locking cable arrangement lies with respect to these blocks, the essence of the invention lies in the use of only a single locking cable with a running end and a dead end (which are interchangeable are as explained above), and this locking cord is around the blocks or pulleys
placed so that when a tensile force is exerted on the running end of the locking cable this is transmitted via the cable to the dead end of the cable and the gripper claws are rotated about the scissors pivot point, what
leads to the closing of the gripper.

With the teaching of the invention, the disadvantages of the known gripper arrangements with scissor grippers
avoided, in which it is necessary to use two running locking cables, each of which a pulling force must be exerted simultaneously to cause the gripper to close. According to the teaching of the invention, the same object is achieved with a single cable, since a two-cable system naturally leads to higher costs.

It should also be noted that the exact arrangement and alignment of the blocks in the upper part of the gripper claw arms is independent of the number of used
Blocks is a function, for example, of the length of the gripper claws, the empty weight of the gripper, the possible

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Cable pull length, the gripper capacity, the type of material to be transported and the like, which parameters are all related to each other, and these relationships are within the skill of the art, and he can make the appropriate selection.

Graduations are of course possible. For example, the gripper assembly can be on a fixed frame instead of on a movable trolley be hung up, as has been shown here, and also other forms of application than for unloading of lighter are of course possible.

Patent claims:

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Claims (1)

- claims 1. Grapple arrangement for use with bulk material hoists with a frame and a scissor gripper arranged under this frame, which gripper is a first and a second pair of diagonally upwardly directed arms pivotally movable with respect to one another in the manner of a pair of scissors are connected> with the upper ends of the arms extending over extend beyond the scissors pivot point, with a retaining cable for the gripper and with a locking cable arrangement, characterized in that the lock cable assembly comprises; a) Blocks or rolls - those between the top ends of each of the first and second pairs of Arms are arranged and b) a single locking cable with a running end and an anchored end around each the blocks are placed in such a way, that when exercising a tensile force on the running end of the locking cable, a pull in the locking cable and transferred through the locking cable to the anchored © end of the locking cable and swing your arms around the scissor joint while closing the gripper. 2 "Gripper arrangement according to claim 1 " characterized in that the holding cable is cabled in a loop arrangement. 3 "Gripper arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding cable is wired directly ₀ 509809/0 30 6 - 12 - ^ ₀ gripper arrangement according to claim I ₃ 2 or 3> characterized * that a) first and second blocks are arranged between the upper ends of the first pair of arms, b) a third block rotatable between the first pair of arms and below the first and second Arranged in blocks, c) fourth and fifth blocks rotatable between the upper ends of the second pair of arms are arranged, d) a sixth block rotatable between the second pair of arms and below the fourth and fourth fifth blocks is arranged, and e) the locking cable is laid around all blocks like a pulley block. 5 "gripper arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that that all blocks or rollers rotate in the same direction of rotation when at the current end of the locking cable a tensile force is exerted. 6. Gripper arrangement according to one of the preceding claims with a vertically pivotable arranged on the frame box-like boom extending horizontally away from the frame and along the one Trolley is movable on which the gripper assembly is suspended, characterized in that the running End of the locking cable is placed around a hoist that is mounted on the frame and that the dead end on the Trolley is anchored. 509809/0306 7. gripper arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the retaining cable cabling is a block arrangement comprises in a box-like frame which is arranged between the trolley and the grab, the grab support cable are guided from the four corners of the frame to the corresponding corners of the gripper assembly and that the Holding cable is placed around the block assembly with a dead end that is anchored to the trolley and one running end that is looped around a hoist on the frame. 509809/0306