DE2408296A1 - DISPOSABLE DIAPER STRUCTURE - Google Patents

Description

Our no. 19 173 Ec / tk

The Procter & Gamble Company Cincinnati, Ohio, V.St.A.

Disposable diaper structure

The invention relates to disposable winches with a

bi
Bis-lguanide salt are impregnated, coated or otherwise treated as a bacteriostatic agent, the bacteriostatic agent being effective in inhibiting the growth of ammonia-producing bacteria.

It is known that ammonia dermatitis or "soreness" ¹¹ is caused or enabled by free ammonia formed in a urine-dampened diaper in contact with the skin of an infant. The ammonia is produced by bacterial enzymatic decomposition of urea Urine formed by the action of numerous fecal bacteria, such as Bacterium ammoniagenes, a saprophytic gram-positive bacillus, and Proteus vulgarisj, a gram-negative bacillus

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Prevention of ammonia dermatitis essentially in proceeded in two directions.

One approach attempted the release of ammonia from urine-dampened diapers with the help of chemicals Agents that trap the gaseous ammonia produced by the ammonia-producing bacteria. to Such immobilizing agents include weak organic and inorganic acids found in the Are capable of forming ammonium salts such as acetic acid, citric acid and boric acid. Also effective for this one The purpose is certain cation exchange resins that are able to absorb ammonia. The ammonia binding kittsi can either by impregnation throughout the absorbent Pad of the diaper can be added, or it can be applied to the surface of a diaper layer overhanging the absorbent pad, or it can be housed in individual small, gas-permeable bags that are folded inside the diaper, or it can end up being straight on in the form of an ointment applied to the appropriate area of the infant's skin.

A second approach, which partially overlaps with the first approach, is to bring a diaper with you impregnated, coated or otherwise treated with a bacteriostatic agent. For this purpose, carboxylic acids were used used, whereby an acidic medium was created that produces ammonia for the growth Bacteria is not beneficial; Essential are carboxylic acids (as stated above) able to bind free ammonia by forming non-volatile ammonium salts, if ammonia should form. Among the usual bacteriostatic Funds used for this purpose are

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-V

hear the compounds containing mercury, such as phenyl mercurine nitrate, certain quaternary ammonium compounds, such as cetyl pyridinium chloride, and halogenated phenolic compounds such as hexachlorophene. Even the presence of certain urease inhibitors in the diaper was found to be effective in preventing ammonia formation recognized. These latter remedies are effective as ammonia producing bacteria lysis urea to ammonia are dependent on the enzyme urease.

None of the above known ammonia dermatitis prevention agents have been completely effective. The main disadvantages of these known agents have been: 1) skin irritation caused by the presence of the ammonia binding or bacteriostatic agent in the diaper; 2) potential systemic toxicity of certain ammonia-binding or bacteriostatic agents with regard to their absorbability through the skin; 3) Lack of past substantivity of the particular ammonia-binding or bacteriostatic agent ₉ ie inability of the ?. Means of being firmly bound to the diaper material (typically made of cellulose); and 4} limited urine solubility of the particular ammonia-binding or bacteriostatic agent so that the particular agent is practically isolated from the site of effective microbiological fermentation or otherwise unable to intervene effectively in the overall process of transporting gaseous ammonia to the infant's skin.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a disposable winch! structure (including its elements, such as diaper sheet and diaper pad) impregnated with a bacteriostatic agent, covered or otherwise treated 'tfird to the main

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Alleviate cause of ammonia dermatitis. In the application the bacteriostatic gown is non-irritating to the infant's skin, and non-toxic to the infant itself Humans, essentially noun for cellulosic and synthetic fibers, reasonably soluble in urine. (I.e. soluble in water within the pH range of about 5 to about 8), and it offers a wide range of biocides or bio-inhibiting effects on commonly occurring ammonia-producing fecal bacteria.

The invention relates to a disposable bacteriostatic diaper or one of its elements, i.e. one containing cellulose absorbent pad, diaper sheet, etc. that is impregnated, covered, or "otherwise treated" is made with a urine-soluble salt of a bis-biguanide of the following formula:

R R '

I!

A-X-N-C-NH-C-NH-Y-NH-C-NH-C-N-X »-A ·

i ü I i!

NH NH NH NH

in which A and A ^{1 are} identical or different and represent phenyl radicals which can be substituted by alkyl, alkoxy, nitro or hydroxyl groups or by halogen atoms; Y denotes a hydrocarbon bridge or a dialkoxybenzene radical with not more than 15 carbon atoms or a polymethylene group of the formula - (CH ") -, where η is an integer from 2 to 12 and the polymethylene chain can optionally be interrupted by oxygen atoms or aromatic groups; R and R ^{1 can be} identical or different and represent hydrogen atoms, alkyl or aralkyl radicals; X and X ^{1 can be the} same or different and a direct bond or an alkylene

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represent a group having not more than 3 carbon atoms; and wherein the salt portion of these bis-biguanide salts is of simple inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid and of organic acids such as polyhydroxycarboxylic acids with no more than 6 carbon atoms, natural fatty acids Origin, aliphatic and olefinic carboxylic acids of natural and synthetic origin and their C-substituted en derivatives and hydroxyalkanesulfonic acids of the formula RCHpSO-Ji, where R is an alkyl radical which is substituted by at least one hydroxyl group and optionally further substituents, is derived.

The disposable diaper structures of the invention are characterized ₉ that they contain an effective amount of the above-described urine soluble bis-biguanidsalzes or a mixture of such salts, the term "urinlöslich" is a solubility in water within the pH range which is characteristic of urine, ie, from about 5. to about 8, understood. The expression "effective amount" is understood to mean the amount range which practically inhibits the growth of ammonia-producing bacteria _{for the period of time 5} during which an infant can be in contact with a urine-damp diaper, for example overnight ₉ an effective amount of the bis-biguanide salt from about 1 to about 200 mg per diaper, and preferably from about 5 to about 100 mg per diaper.

The diaper material, which is explained in more detail below, is impregnated, coated or otherwise with the bacteriostatic bis-biguanid in the specified amount treated. This can be accomplished in a number of ways, such as by dipping the diaper material in a solution of the bis-biguanide, spraying or printing of the bis-

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blguanids on the diaper material before the subsequent Editing. In this context, it is important to note that the finished diaper article with the bacteriostatic bis-biguanide can be treated, or that the diaper can be made from diaper elements such as absorbent Upholstery and layers can be produced that have previously been treated with the bis-biguanid, to achieve the desired concentration.

The bis-biguanide salts preferably used for the present invention are in GB-PS 8 ^ 3,676 and 815 and in US Pat. No. 3,152,181. These substances are commercially available from Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd. Some of these bis-biguanides are im Commercially known as "Hibitane" and are also available commercially from Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd., Pharmaceuticals Division, AlderIy Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, England.

Most preferred bacteriostatic agents are urine-soluble salts of bis-biguanides of the following Formula:

AX-NH ₀ -C-NH-C-NH- (CH ₀ ) -MH-C-NH-C-NH-X'-A *

² I !!! ^{2 n} Ii I!

NH NH NH NH

in which A and A ^{1 are} identical or different and denote phenyl radicals which can be substituted by alkyl, alkoxy or hydroxyl groups or by halogen atoms; η represents an integer from 2 to 12; and X and X 'know to be the same or different and represent a direct bond or an alkylene radical' with not more than 3 carbon atoms. Suitable salts are of polyhydroxycarboxylic acids having no more than 6 carbon atoms or

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derived from saturated or unsaturated fatty acids with 1 to 18 carbon atoms.

Specific examples of such bacteriostatic agents are: 1,6-di- (Np-chlorophenyldiguanido) -hexane-dihydrochloride, 1,6-di- (N-phenyldiguanido) -hexane-diacetate, 1,6-di- (N-phenylethyldiguanido ) -hexane diacetate, 1,6-di- (iJ-pchlorphenyldiguanido) -de can-dipropionate, 1,6-di- (N-pchlorphenyldiguanido) -pentane-diacetate, 1,6-di- (Np-chloropheny idiguanido ) -butane diacetate, 1,6-di- (Np-chlorophenyldiguanido) -ethane-dimalate, 1,6-di- (Np-chlorophenyldiguanido) -hexane-digluconate, 1,6-di- (N-phenyldiguanido) - hexane digluconate, I ₉ 6-di (N-phenylethyldiguanido) hexane digluconate ₉ 1,6-di- (Np-chlorophenyldiguanido) -ethane digluconate, 1,6-di- (Np-chlorophenyldiguanido) -hexane distearate, 1,6-di- (Np-chlorophenyldiguanido) -hexane-dilaurate and 1,6-di- '(N-pchlorphenyldiguanido) -dioleate.

Common diaper microbes that are combated by the above bacteriostatic agents include: E. colij Staphylococcus aureus _3, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgarisa, Brevibacterium ammoniagenes, Staphylococcus albus, Diphtheroid baccili, Streptococcus emoliticus, Streptococcus, and Candococida veridans, Streptococcus veridans Lacto baccili.

Typical examples of diaper structures suitable for the practice of the present invention are shown in U.S. Pat the US-PSs Re. 26 151, 3 592 19 ^ and 3 ^ 89 148.

The following example illustrates the invention.

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example

It became a disposable diaper according to the teachings of US PS Re. 26 151. In short, this diaper contained a thin backsheet of waterproof material; A cushion made of absorbent material (10 layers of cellulose-containing fabric with a basis weight, air-dry, of 6.35 kg per 278.7 m ² per layer, or a cellulose-air felt of comparable Gexficht) was attached to this underlayer. The combination of backsheet and absorbent pad was covered with a diaper layer made of a flexible, porous, hydrophobic, felt fabric material (cover layer)

- a weight of 20.332 g / m, which is a rayon fabric of 2.0 denier and 28 wt. a thermoplastic binder. The combined layer structure had the dimensions of about 38.1 χ 45.7 cm and was Z-shaped against each other with the help of a multitude of elongated butterflies folded.

Before assembly, the cellulosic was absorbent Pad, however, uniformly with 5 g of a 2.0 weight ί-ίίΕβη Solution of 1,6-di- (N-p-chlorophenyldiguanido) -hexanedigluconate sprayed in ethanol such that after evaporation of the ethanol a final concentration of 100 mg per diaper was obtained. The diaper did not irritate the skin when used for its intended purpose, and urine-wet diaper samples showed no ammonia odor when placed under moist at room temperature for 24 hours Conditions were retained.

Essentially the same results as in Example 1 were obtained when the l, 6-di- (N-p-chlorophenyl-

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diguanido) hexane diglueonate by an equivalent amount the corresponding diaetate, dihydrochloride, dicitrate or dimalate was replaced.

Essentially the same results were obtained when the l, 6-di- (Np-chlorophenyldiguanido) -hexane digluconate of Example 1 by l, 6-di- (Np-chlorophenyldiguanido) -butane digluconate, l, 6-Bi- (Np-chlorophenyldiguanido> -hexane dioleate, 1,6-di- £ N-phenylethylguanido) -hexane-digluconate or 1,6-di- (Np-chlorophenyldiguanido) -hexane-dilaurate was replaced _s and zvjar in the following Concentrations: 5, 25 _, 75, 100 and 125 mg per diaper.

Results essentially the same as in Example 1 were obtained when the cover sheet was treated with the bacteriostatic agent instead of the absorbent pad. For this purpose, before assembling the diaper, the cover layer was immersed in a 2.0 3-strength ethanolic solution of 1, 6-Di-CN-p-chlorophenyl diguanido 1-hexane digiueonate, in such a way that, after drying, a concentration of about 100 mg of the bacteriostatic agent was obtained on the topcoat. Once assembled, this diaper was non-irritating to the skin when tested for its intended purpose, and urine-dampened diapers having this construction did not exhibit an ammonia odor after hours at room temperature after being stored in a humid environment. Similar results were obtained when the bacteriostatic 1,6-di- (Np-ehlorphenyldiguanido) -hexane digluconate in the following concentrations: 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 mg per diaper by 1,6-di- (Np -chlorphenyldiguanido) -hexane diacetate, l, 6-di- (N-pchlorphenyldiguanido) -hexane dioleate, l, 6-di- (H-phenylethyldiguanido) -hexane dioleate or 1,6-di- (N- phenyläthy1-diguanido) hexane diglueonate was replaced.

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Claims (2)

Claims 1. Disposable diaper structure, characterized in that it an effective amount of a urine-soluble salt of an ammonia-producing fecal bacteria effective bacteriostatic agent of the formula: R R ' I I A-X-N-C-NH-C-NH-Y-UK-C-NH-C-N-X'-A ' ü I! Ii | l NH NH NH NH contains in which A and A ^{f are} identical or different and represent a phenyl radical or a phenyl radical substituted by alkyl, alkoxy, nitro or hydroxyl groups or by halogen atoms; Y denotes a hydrocarbon bridge or a dialkoxybenzene radical with not more than 15 carbon atoms or a polymethylene chain of the formula - (CHp) -, in which η is an integer from 2 to 12, it being possible for this polymethylene chain to be interrupted by oxygen atoms or aromatic groups; R and R * are identical or different and denote hydrogen atoms, alkyl or aralkyl radicals; and X and X ^{1 are the} same or different and represent a direct bond or an alkylene group having not more than 3 carbon atoms; this salt being derived from inorganic acids or from polyhydroxycarboxylic acids having not more than 6 carbon atoms, saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or hydroxyalkanesulfonic acids, the alkyl moiety of which is substituted by at least one hydroxyl group, as organic acids. 409835/0985 2. Disposable diaper structure according to claim 1, characterized in that that it contains a bacteriostatic agent of the following formula: AX-NH ₀ -C-NH-C-NH-CGH ₀ ) -NH-C-NH-C-NH-X ¹ -A ^{1 2} 11 Il ^{2 n} Il Il NH NH NH NH wherein A and A 'are the same or different and represent a phenyl radical or an alkyl, alkoxy or hydroxyl group or phenyl radicals substituted by halogen atoms; η represents an integer from 2 to 12 and X and X 'are the same or different and are direct Represent a bond or an alkylene group having not more than 3 carbon atoms; where the urine soluble salt? of polyhydroxycarboxylic acids with no more than 6 carbon atoms or of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids is derived with 1 to 18 carbon atoms. Disposable diaper structure according to claim 2, characterized in that that it is a urine-soluble bacteriostatic salt, l, 6-di- (N-p-chlorophenyldiguanido) -hexane digluconate, 1,6-Di- (N-phenyldiguanido) -hexane-digluconate, 1,6-di- (N-phenylethyldiguanido) -hexane-digluconate, 1,6-di- (N-p-chlorophenyldiguanido) -decane digluconate, 1,6-di-CN-chlorophenyldiguanido) pent an-digluconate, 1,6-di- (N-p-chlorophenyldiguanido) -butane digluconate, ljo-Di-CN-p-chlorophenyldiguanido) ethane digluconate, l, 6-Di- (N-p-chlorophenyldiguanido) -hexanediacetate,!, ö-Di-CN-phenyldiguanidoJ-hexane dihydrochloride, 1,6-di- (N-phenyläthyldiguanido) -hexane diacetate, 1,6-di- (N-p-chlorophenyldiguanido) -ethane dimalate, 1,6-di- (N-p-chlorophenyldiguanido) -hexane distearate, 1,6-di- (N-p-chlorophenyldiguanido) -hexane-dilaurate or 1,6-di- (N-p-chlorophenyldi- 409835/0965 guanido) hexane dioleate. H. Disposable diaper structure according to claim 3 » characterized in that it contains the bacteriostatic salt in a concentration of about 1 to about 200 mg per diaper. For: The Procter I- Gamble Company Cincinnati, Ohio, V.St.A. Dr.H. ^. Wolff Lawyer 409835/0965