DE2360268C2 - Formation tester - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a formation testing device according to the preamble of claim 1.

The formation test devices with cables that have been commercially available up to now are subject to an individual test a selected formation section limited (US Patent 30 11 554). After one of these devices has been placed in a borehole and initiated a testing process or sampling has been, such a device cannot be operated again without first turning it off the borehole is removed and various components of the devices readjusted for the next run-in will. Even if you quickly discover that a test process or a sample has just been taken likely to be unsuccessful, the operator has no choice but to do so Suspend operation and then return the device to the surface. This obviously leads at a loss of time and at a cost which would be avoidable if a new attempt were made could without the tester having to be removed from the borehole.

In order to avoid this disadvantage, a more modern test device is used in US Pat. No. 3,385,364 described. Test devices according to this patent specification contain two or more self-contained test units, which are connected in tandem and work independently of each other. Although Devices of this type are commercially available, it has been found that their total weight and their Length making it difficult to use in many cases.

A number of attempts have been made to provide formation testers that can perform more than one testing or sampling can perform at an enema. Most of these test devices use extremely complicated ones Arrangements of magnetic switches and control devices, so that it must be doubted that these devices prove themselves in the difficult conditions encountered in practice in a borehole.

Another reason why there has not yet been a practicable repeatedly operable formation tester has become known is that in a reliable manner a fluid or pressure connection must be made with the undeveloped or fortified earth formations. Although the different new and improved test devices according to US patents 33 52 361, 35 30 933, 35 65 169 and 36 53 436 for testing unpaved

Formations are intended, they are from the one or other reason not being able to do more than one inspection during a single run-in in a given Execute borehole.

One of the better, repeatedly operated test fixtures is in Fig. 2 of US Pat. No. 3,577,781.

This device uses a no-feedback control system with only a single solenoid valve and a hydraulic pump that can be operated in one direction or the other. This device however, it is not suitable for collecting a fluid sample for inspection can be brought back to the surface. Since in this device the fluid inlet is continuous is open, this is not suitable for an operation in which the examined formation is proportionate is little developed or fortified.

The main object of the invention is therefore to provide a new and improved test device create, with which in a reliable manner multiple measurements of one or more fluids or formations can be established and selectively one or more samples of the formation fluids can be collected if desired, regardless of the type or attachment of the formations studied.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Accordingly, provided a formation tester having selectively actuatable means which the apparatus releasably anchored in a borehole and creates an isolated connection with an earth formation, while limiting or preventing access to loose formation materials. Furthermore, one is optional operable device provided, by means of which at least measurements of one or more properties the earth formation or the fossil fluids contained therein can be made. In order to use the device optionally for one or more test periods, each of the different optionally actuatable devices as well as various flow control valves in the device arranged and connected to an optionally actuatable hydraulic pump by means of a control system, which has a plurality of hydraulic control valves operating at different predetermined hydraulic pressures can. This way it becomes easy by starting the hydraulic pump and increasing the pressure at the output of the pump each of the various hydraulic control valves one after the other in a predetermined Sequence operated so that the device is guided through a selected duty cycle.

In the following the invention is explained using a preferred embodiment; it shows

F i g. 1 shows the surface and borehole sections in a schematic representation of the novel formation test apparatus;

F i g. 2A and 2B together schematically illustrate the formation tester according to FIG. 1 in the starting position;

F i g. 3 is a diagram of the operation of the new formation tester; which optionally performs a typical testing and sampling process;

Fig. 4-7 the successive positions of different Components of the novel device according to FIG. 2A and 2B during a typical testing and sampling process;

8 similar to FIG. 3, the operation of the formation tester as it optionally returns to its starting position after a complete testing and sampling process, and
Figures 9-11 illustrate the sequential positions of various components of the novel and improved formation testing device as the device is returned to its original position.

F i g. 1 shows a schematic representation of the novel formation tester 20 in progress a typical measurement and sampling operation in a borehole, for example a borehole 21, which protrudes through more than one earth formation at 22 and 23. The device is in the borehole 21 suspended from the lower end of a cable 24 for a multiple conductor, which in the usual manner on a cable winch, not shown, unwound on the surface and with the surface portion of a new and improved control device 25 is connected. Also, a typical recording and Display device 26 and a power supply unit 27 are shown. In this embodiment the device includes 20 an elongated enveloping body 28, which is located in the borehole portion of the control device 25 encloses and an optionally extendable anchoring device 29 and an inlet device 30 carries for fluid, which are arranged on opposite sides of the enveloping body, as well one or more tandemly connected collection chambers 31 and 32 for fluid.

As will be explained in detail below, the formation test devices operate 20 and the control device 25 together in such a way that at one of the surface given command, the device optionally in one or more of five selected operating positions can be moved. The control device 25 brings the device 20 into either one or more of these locations, or it guides them through selected operating locations. These five operating locations will still be

4ü explain in detail and determine the versatility of the control device 25, which the device 20 operate according to the task. This takes place in that optionally control switch 33 and 34 are brought into different switching positions 35 to 40 in the surface section of the system, so that optionally different lines 41 to 48 in the cable 24 power is supplied.

According to FIG. 2A and 2B are the entire downhole portion of the controller as well the anchoring device 29.Here flow center! - Inlet device 30 and the collection chambers 31 and 32 of the device shown in the position shown in FIG which they are when the novel device is fully withdrawn and switches 33 and 34 are in their first or "switched off" operating positions 35. In the preferred embodiment the optionally extendable anchoring device 29 according to FIG. 2A for the device, is a vertical, anchoring member 50 engaging the wall typically with a longitudinal side spaced pair of rearwardly movable piston / cylinder devices 51 and 52 connected, which can typically be moved transversely to the enveloping body 28. As will be explained, the lateral expansion and retraction of the anchor member 50 with respect to the Back of the enveloping body 28 controlled by the control device 25, which optionally one under

Hydraulic fluid under pressure to the piston / cylinder assemblies 51 and 52 reach or can be released from these.

The .Strönonmittel-inlet device 30 is used at the preferred embodiment also for sealing selected portions of the wall of the borehole 21. After a selected portion of the borehole wall is exposed to the fluids of the borehole is isolated, pressure or fluid communication is established with the adjacent earth formations. According to FIG. 2A, the fluid inlet means 30 preferably includes an annular, resilient one Seal 53, which is arranged on the face of a vertical support member or plate 54, which with a longitudinally spaced pair of forwards movable pistons / Cylinder assemblies 55 and 56 are connected, the transverse to the enveloping body 28 are arranged and the sealing ring laterally in the direction of the front side of the Move the envelope. When the control device 25 optionally a pressurized hydraulic fluid the piston / cylinder devices 55 and 56 supplies, the sealing ring 53 is laterally between a retracted position adjacent the front of the envelope body 28 and moved to an advanced position.

By arranging the sealing ring 53 on the opposite side of the enveloping body 28 from the anchoring member 50, the lateral extension of these two members presses the sealing ring into sealing contact with the abutting wall of the borehole 21 and the anchoring device 20 whenever the piston / cylinder assemblies 51, 52, 55 and 56 can be extended. The anchoring member 50 and the piston / cylinder assemblies 51 and 52 would not be required if the stroke of the piston / cylinder assemblies 55 and 56 were sufficient to press the sealing ring into firm, sealing contact with a wall of the borehole 21, the rear side of the casing body 28! would be securely anchored against the opposite wall of the borehole. Conversely, the piston / cylinder assemblies 55 and 56 could similarly be omitted if the extension of the anchoring member 50 alone were sufficient to move the other side of the enveloping body 28 forward to a wall of the Bohnochcs 21 in order to the sealing ring 53 with this to bring sealing Koniakt. In the preferred embodiment of the Forniationsprüfvorrichtung 20, both the anchorage device 29 sls the E'nlaßcinn ^ htüns 30 for da * · r ^ ^t ^ m n ^{ii CTc} mi'-tel optionally extensible, so that the apparatus used in wells with considerable diameter can be. In this embodiment of the device 20, the total stroke of the piston / cylinder assemblies 51 and 52 and the piston / cylinder assemblies 55 and 56 is kept to a minimum, so that the overall diameter of the enveloping body 28 is reduced.

To introduce fluid into the device 20, the inlet means 30 includes an enlarged one tubular member 57 with an open front portion, which extends coaxially within the sealing ring 53, and a closed rear portion, which is slidably disposed in a larger tubular member f> 8 which is attached to the rear surface of the Plate 54 is attached and extends rearward from there. Since the nose of the tubular inlet member 57 for the fluid, usually a short distance above the face of the sealing ring 53 extends, the extension of the inlet means 30 engages the forward end of the inlet member with the adjacent surface of the wall of the borehole 21. since the sealing ring is also pressed against this and this part of the wall of the borehole and the nose of the inlet member against the fluid of the Borehole isolated. In order to move the tubular inlet member 57 with respect to the enlarged outer member 58, the smaller tubular member is slidably disposed within and relative to the outer tubular member this outer tubular member against fluids through sealing members 59 and 60 on the inwardly enlarged end portions 61 and 62 of the outer member "; and a sealing member 63 on the portion 64 sealed with enlarged diameter of the inner link.

By the sealing members 59, 60 and 63 closed piston chambers 65 and 66 are within the outer tubular member 58 and on opposite sides of the outwardly enlarged portion 64 of the inner tubular member 57 is formed, which works as a piston member. When the hydraulic pressure is on the rear chamber 65 is increased, the inlet member 57 becomes forward with respect to the outer tubular Member 58 and the sealing ring 53 moved. If, conversely, an increased hydraulic pressure on the front Piston chamber 66 is exerted, the inlet member 57 becomes relative to the outer member 58 and the sealing ring 53 withdrawn.

jo The pressure or fluid connection with the inlet device 30 is provided by a device for example a cylindrical valve member 67 controlled, which is arranged coaxially in the inlet member 57 and is located in this axially between a retracted

3ϊ nen opening Lagc and the shown advanced Moved closed position, in which the enlarged front end 68 of the valve member substantially if not completely, sealing at the front inner section of the inlet member for the fluid

• 40 lies. The holder of the connector 67 is the rear one Section of the valve member formed axially hollow at 69 and arranged coaxially over a tubular member 70, which protrudes forward from the transverse wall and closes the rear end of the inlet member 57 for the liquid.

The axial bore 69 tapers and extends along the valve member 67 up to one or more transversely extending fluid channels 71 in the front portion of the valve member directly behind its enlarged head piece 68.

7nr wahlwetspn movement of the valve member 67 with respect to of the inlet member 57 for the fluid, the rear portion of the valve member at 72 is enlarged and the outer and inner seal members 73 and 74 are coaxially disposed thereon and seal the interior of the inlet member and the exterior of the forwardly extending tubular member 70 from. A sealing member 75 is disposed on the central portion of the valve member 67 and seals the inner wall of the adjacent portion of the inlet member 57 from. The valve member is with respect to of the inlet member sealed. By increasing the hydraulic pressure in the enlarged piston chamber 76, which is formed on the rear side of the enlarged valve section 72 acting as a piston member, the valve member 67 is moved forward with respect to the inlet member 57. If vice versa the pressure of the hydraulic fluid is increased to the front piston chamber 77 between the sealing members 73 and

75 is formed, the valve member 67 becomes rearward along the forwardly extending tubular member 70 moved so that the valve member is withdrawn with respect to the inlet member 57.

It is known that many earth formations, such as at point 22, are relatively poorly secured and are therefore easily washed away when the fossil fluids are removed. To prevent significant erosion of such unsecured formation materials, the inlet member 57 is configured to define an inner annulus 78 and a fluid passage 79 in the forward portion of the inlet member and a tubular screen 80 of adequate mesh size is coaxially disposed around the annulus . When the valve member 67 is withdrawn, the formation fluids are forced through the exposed forward portion of the screen 80 in front of the enlarged header 68 into the annulus 78 and then through the passage 79 into the passages 71 and 69. When the valve member 67 is withdrawn, loose formation materials that have been dislodged from a formation by the withdrawal of the fluids are stopped by the protruding portion of the screen 80 in front of the enlarged head piece 68 of the valve member and thereby quickly form a permeable barrier through which the further erosion of the loose formation materials is prevented when the valve member stops.

A sample or flow line 81 is connected to the formation tester 20 . One end thereof is connected to the inlet means, for example by a flexible conduit 82 , and the other end terminates in a pair of branch conduits 83 and 84 which are connected to the collection chambers 31 and 32 for the fluid. To control the connection between the inlet device 30 for the sample and the collection chambers 31 and 32 , closed flow control valves 85 to 87 of a similar or identical structure are usually arranged in the flow line 81 and the branch lines 83 and 84 which lead to the sample chambers. A normally open control valve 88, which is constructed similarly to the usually closed control valves 85 to 87, is arranged in a branch line 89 and selectively controls the connection between the fluids of the borehole outside the device 20 and the upper portion of the flow line 81, which is between the control valve 85 and the inlet means 30 for the fluid.

The control valve 85 and each of the control valves 86 and 87 for the chamber consist of an elongated body 90 with an enlarged cylinder 91 in which a piston 92 is received, which is usually biased into a lower position by a spring 93 with a predetermined spring strength. A problem associated with the piston 92 the valve member 94 locked together with the piston the fluid passage between the inlet and outlet openings 95 and 96 until the piston is in its lower position to control the operation of the valve 85 are openings 97 and 98 for the admission and Delivery of the hydraulic fluid into the cylinder 91 is provided above and below the piston 92. The valve 88 is constructed similarly to the valves 85 to 87 with the exception that a spring 99 with a certain spring force presses the valve member 100 into an open position in the idle state.

According to FIG. 2A to 2B, a branch line 101 with the line 81 is arranged at a suitable point between the control valves 86 and 87 and the control valve 85. This branch line is terminated by pressure reducing devices 102 which can be optionally actuated. In the preferred embodiment, the pressure reducing device 102 includes a body 103 with an enlarged piston cylinder 104 in which an actuating piston 105 is arranged

ίο which carries a piston 106 of smaller diameter which can move in a predetermined volume between selected upper and lower positions in a chamber 107 of tapered diameter. To control the movements of the piston 106 , openings 108 and 109 for the inlet and outlet of the hydraulic fluid are provided in and from the isolated sections of the larger cylinder 104 on opposite sides of the piston 105 . When the piston 106 moves from its lower position according to FIG. 2A in an upper position, the total volume of the fluid which is then located in the branch line 101 and that section of the line 81 between the control valve 85 and the valves 86 and 87 is increased accordingly. The importance of the substantial reduction in pressure by this optional increase in volume is explained below. As best seen in FIG. 2A, the preferred embodiment further includes the control device 25, a pump 1 10, which is connected to a drive motor 111 and a hydraulic fluid, for example oil from a reservoir 112 to a dispensing conduit 113 inflated. Since the apparatus 20 is intended to operate in wellbores such as at location 21 which typically contain dirty and corrosive fluids, the container 112 is preferably arranged such that the pump 110 and motor 111 are completely immersed in the clean hydraulic fluid. When the apparatus 20 is to operate at depths where the hydrostatic pressure of the wellbore fluids can be up to 1.05-1.4 bar, the container 112 includes an inlet 114 for the wellbore fluids and an isolating piston 115 is movably arranged in the container and keeps the hydraulic fluid in this at a pressure which is approximately equal to the hydrostatic pressure at every depth of the device in which it is located. A pretensioning device, for example a spring 116, is provided which acts on the piston 115 and

thus maintaining the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the container 112 at an increased level which is slightly above the hydrostatic pressure in the borehole, so that the inflow of the fluids into the container is at least minimized. In addition to isolating the hydraulic fluid in the reservoir 112 , the piston 115 is also free to move to accommodate the volume changes in the hydraulic fluid that occur with various wellbore conditions. One or more inlets 117 and 118 are provided which return the hydraulic fluid from the control device 25 to the container during the operation of the device 20 .

The outlet line 113 is divided into two main branch lines, which can be referred to as the set line 119 and the retreat line 120 . The control device 25 can selectively control the hydraulic fluid with selected pressures and at selected times via the set and retreat lines.

lines 119 and 120 one or more components of the Feed device 20, as is the case with the operation of the device during a test or sampling process makes necessary. The preferred operational sequences will be discussed later.

The control device contains the control device for controlling the access of the hydraulic fluid to the pipes 119 and 120 also optionally operable valves, for example a pair of valves that are closed in the idle state via solenoid coils actuated valves 121 and 122, which cooperate so that they selectively the hydraulic fluid enter the two lines when the surface control switch is in the corresponding location. In line 119 there is a conventional check valve 123 downstream of the control valve 121 is provided, by means of which a flow reversal of the Hydraulic fluid is avoided whenever the pressure in line 119 is greater than the one in outlet line 113 should be. In the Lines 119 and 120 are control devices, for example pressure switches 124 to 126 for optional Interruption of the operation of the pump 110 provided, if the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in one of these lines has a desired maximum operating pressure reached, and the pump is then started again when the pressure falls below this value drops so that the line pressure is maintained within a selected operating range.

Since the pump UO is a so-called positive displacement pump in order to achieve a rapid, predictable rise in the operating pressures in the lines 119 and 120 in a short period of time, the control device 25 should also allow a temporary opening of the outlet line 113 until the motor 111 reaches its intended operating speed Has. Therefore, the control device 25 is constructed in such a way that each time the pump 110 is started, the control valve 122, if it is not already open, as well as a third valve 127, which is closed in the idle state and operated by a solenoid, is temporarily opened so that the hydraulic fluid is fed directly from the Output line! 13 is passed to the container 112 via the return line 117. Once the motor 111 has reached operating speed, the bypass valve 127 is of course closed again and either valve 121 or valve 122 is selectively opened as required for the particular phase of operation of device 20. During those line intervals in which the Vcnt ^; ! 122 and valve 127 are open so that motor 111 can reach its operating speed, check valve 123 prevents backflow of hydraulic fluid from line 119 when valve 121 is open.

The control device 25 optionally supplies the lines 119 and 120 with hydraulic fluid. Since the Pressure switch 124 and 125 only the pressures in the Setzbzw. Retraction lines to a selected maximum Limiting the operating pressure in coordination with the pressure of the pump 110 is the case with the novel control device 25 also provided that the pressure of the hydraulic fluid is regulated, which at different times | / under the selected sections is fed to the facility. Although this scheme is carried out in various ways preferably a number of pressure actuated control valves. for example at 128 to 131 in the l · "i g. 2Λ and 21? used, (iemäl.i 2A, for example, the valve 128 contains a valve body 132 with a valve seat 133 which is coaxial is located between the inlet and outlet ports 134 and 135 for the fluid. The upper section of the valve body 132 is enlarged and results in a cylinder 136 which carries a piston 137, which is aligned with valve seat 133. A biasing device such as a spring 138 normally pushes the piston 137 on the valve seat 133, and

to there is an opening 139 through which the Hydraulic fluid can be admitted into the cylinder 136 at a pressure sufficient to allow the Force of the spring is overcome when the piston is to be optionally lifted from the valve seat.

Since the control device 25 operates at pressures which are not less than the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid is in the borehole, a compensation opening 140 is in the valve body 132 for connection of the Space in the cylinder 136 is provided above the piston 137 with the container 112. A valve member 141 can seated on the valve seat 133 and is connected to the piston 137 by a vertical pin 142, the slidably disposed in an axial bore 143 in the piston. in the axial bore 143 is located a spring 144 with a selected spring force, by which the valve member 141 in the rest position the valve seat 133 is pushed.

In the working position according to FIG. 2A the control valve works 128 as well as the valve 129 simply as in the

jo non-return closed non-return valve. That means, that the hydraulic fluid in this working position only in a reverse direction from outlet 135 can flow to inlet 134 when the pressure at the outlet is sufficiently greater than the inlet pressure, so that the valve member 141 is raised from the valve seat 133 against the predetermined closing pressure of the spring 144 On the other hand, if sufficient flow pressure is applied to the swirl port 139 to cause the Raising piston 137 brings opposing shoulders at point 145 on pin 142 and dei Pistons engage and lift valve member 141 in front of valve seat 133.

According to FIG. 2Λ and 2B is the control valve 13C as well as the valve 131 similar to the Steucrungsventil 128 constructed with the exception that in detr the first-mentioned control valve, the valve 14f, preferably rigidly with the associated actuation piston 147 is connected. Therefore, like the valve 131, the control valve 130 does not alternate a test function. which flow a reverse to lets, and it's just as closed at rest; pressure-operable valve for the optional control of the flow connection between the inputs inlet and outlet openings 148 and 149 are formed. How deruin is the hydraulic pressure at which there: Stcucrungsvcntil 130 as well as the valve 131 should open optionally, by the predetermined strength the spring 150 controlled, which in the rest state there; Valve member 146 pushes into the closed position.

W) The "set" line 119 downstream of the test valve 12 .: consists of a low pressure section 151 with a branch channel Π2. the one with the inlet of the valve IM is connected and an alitieren /weigk.mal 153rd dei mn the) inlet of the valve 128 is connected and tilt

It supplies hydraulic fluid optionally to a perforated pressure section 154 to line 119, which itself is fed to the fluid inlet of the control valve. Un) the supply of hydraulic fluid from the

To regulate the low-pressure section 151 to the high-pressure section 154 of the line 119 , a pressure connection line 155 is connected between the low-pressure section and the control opening of the valve 128. As long as the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the low-pressure section of the line 119 remains below the predetermined actuation pressure which is required to open the control valve 128 , the high-pressure section 154 is isolated from the low-pressure section 151. Conversely, when the hydraulic pressure in the low-pressure line 151 reaches the predetermined actuation pressure of the valve 128 , the control valve is opened and allows the hydraulic fluid to flow into the high-pressure line 154.

The control valves 130 and 131 are arranged such that they wahlv / else the low and high pressure portions 151 and 154 of the line 119 connected to the fluid container 1 12th For this purpose, the control openings of the two valves 130 and 131 are each connected to the “retraction” line 120 by pressure lines 156 and 157 . Whenever the pressure in the retreat line 120 reaches the predetermined values, the valves 130 and 131 , respectively, are opened so that they selectively connect the two sections 151 and 154 of the line 119 to the container 112 through the return line 117 which is connected to the respective fluid outlets of the two control valves is connected.

In Figures 2A through 2B is the formation tester

20 and the subsurface portion of the control device 25 shown in the position in which the individual assemblies are in the original or retracted operating position of the device. At this point the anchor member 50 and sealing ring 53 are retracted toward the envelope body 28 of the device so that the passage of the device 20 into the Elohrloch

21 is facilitated. In order to prepare the device 20 for lowering into the borehole 21, the switches 33 and 34 are moved to their second or "release" positions 36. The hydraulic pump 110 is then operated so that the pressure in the line 120 rises to the maximum pressure to ensure that the sealing ring 53 and the anchoring member 50 are fully retracted. Valves 122 and 127 are opened instantly when pump 110 begins operating until pump motor 111 has reached its operating speed. At this point in time the control valve 88 is open and the part of the flow line 81 between the closed control valve 85 and the inlet device 30 fills with the fluid of the borehole at the hydrostatic pressure ii the depths at which the device 20 is then located.

When operating the device 20, it is only necessary that the control switches 33 and 34 (FIG. 1) are optionally brought into one or more of their different switching positions 35 to 40. When the device 20 is at a selected depth, the switches 33 and 34 are indexed to their third positions 37. At this point in time the pump 110 has been stopped, so that switching the switch 33 to its "set position" 37 activates the pump again, so that an increased pressure is generated in the set line. Again, valves 122 and 127 are opened immediately to allow motor 111 to reach full speed before controller 25 begins to operate device 20 . How schematically through the curve

158 in FIG. 3 is indicated, the hydraulic pressure of the pressure switch 124 rises in the output line 113 rapidly to its selected maximum operating pressure corresponding to the maximum setting, after the pump 1 10 reaches the desired operating speed, if the pressure continues to anschreitet the control device 25 operates successively at selected intermediate pressures by The letters

ίο Λ to D in Fig. 3 are designated.

In FIG. 4, selected sections of the control device 25 and the various components of the formation testing device 20 are shown schematically in order to describe the operation of the device approximately at the point in time at which the pressure in the hydraulic line 113 exceeds the lowest operating pressure "A" according to FIG . 3 reached. In order to make the operation of the device 20 and the control device 25 easier to understand, only the components actually involved in this process are shown in FIG.

Since the control switch 33 (Fig. 1) is in the third position 37 , the solenoid valves 121 and 127 are open. Since the hydraulic pressure in the setting line 119 has not yet reached the upper pressure limit determined by the pressure switch 124 , the pump motor 111 operates. 4 control valve 128 , not shown, is closed. the high pressure section 154 of the line 119 is still separated from the low pressure section 151 . At the same time, the hydraulic fluid in the front pressure chambers of the piston / cylinder assemblies 51, 52, 55 and 56 according to the

159 parts shown pressed into the line 120 and returned to the container 112 through the opened solenoid valve 127 . As a result, the anchoring member 50 and the sealing ring 53 are displaced outward in opposite lateral directions until each of these parts has moved into firm engagement with the opposite sides of the borehole 21 .
From Fig. 4 it can be seen that the hydraulic fluid is admitted through branch lines 160 and 161 into the annular chamber 65 to the rear of the section 64 of enlarged diameter of the inlet member 57 . Simultaneously, hydraulic fluid is delivered from piston chamber 66 upstream of section 64 to line 120 by branch lines 162 and 163 to progressively displace inlet member 57 forward relative to sealing ring 53 until the nose of the inlet member engages the wall of borehole 21 and then stops. The sealing ring 53 is then pushed forward toward the now stopped tubular member 57 until the sealing ring engages the wall of the borehole and isolates the isolated wall section from the fluids of the borehole.

Although the pressure fluid can also get into the front piston chamber 77 between the sealing members 73 and 75 on the valve member 67 at this point in time, the valve member is temporarily prevented from moving backwards with respect to the inner and outer

bo outer tubular members 57 and 58 moved because the in F i g. 4 control valve 129, not shown, is still closed is so that temporarily the pressure fluid in the rear piston chamber 76 to the rear of the valve member is included. The following is the

h5 Meaning of this delay in the return of the Valve member 67 explained.

As also from FIG. 4 is apparent, the hydraulic fluid in the low pressure section 151 of the conduit

119 also passed through a branch line 164 to the cylinder 104 of the pressure reducing device 102 . As a result, the piston 106 is raised with respect to the body 103 , since the hydraulic fluid located above the piston 105 is returned to the retraction line 120 through a branch line 165 . By raising the piston 106 in the chamber 107 with a reduced diameter, the originally existing pressure in the isolated sections of the branch line 101 and the flow line 81 between the still closed control valve 85 and the still closed control valves 86 and 87, not shown in FIG degraded. The purpose of this pressure reduction is explained below.

After anchor member 50, seal ring 53 and inlet member 57 are in their extended positions as shown in FIG. 4, the hydraulic pressure of pump 110 increases again according to curve 158 in FIG. 3 on. After the pressure in the output line 1 13 to the second value "B" has reached the operating pressure, the control valve opens 129 due to this increased pressure, and is now trapped beforehand in the chamber 76 the hydraulic fluid to the back side of the valve member 67 back to the tank 112 .

After the control valve has opened 129, the hydraulic fluid from the piston rear chamber 76 through the branch lines 166 and 167 is guided to the withdrawal line 120, as hydraulic fluid enters from the line 1 19 in the Kolbenkanimer 77 before the portion 72 of enlarged diameter of the valve member 67 . This displaces the valve member 67 rearwardly with respect to the inlet member 57 and provides a fluid or pressure connection between the isolated portion of the earth formation 22 jo and the flow passages 69 and 71 in the valve member through the filter screen 80.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, but not from FIG. 5, control valves 85-87 were originally closed to isolate the lower portion of line 81 between these valves and branch line 101 to pressure reducer 102. The control valve 88 serving for pressure equalization is, however, still open at the point in time at which the control valve 129 opens to open the valve member 67 according to FIG. 5 withdraw. Thus, as valve member 67 progressively releases filter screen 80, fluids of the wellbore are introduced into the upper portion of conduit 81 as indicated by arrow 168 at a pressure greater than any fossil fluids that may be in isolated earth formation 22 and passed through flexible conduit 82 into the rearward end of tubular member 70. Since these fluids enter the annulus 78 around the filter screen 80 under high pressure, they are released under pressure as indicated by arrows 169 from the front end of the inlet member 57 so that they wash away any clogging materials such as mud cake or the like that may have accumulated on the Inner surface of the filleting sieve may have accumulated when the valve member 67 releases the sieve for the first time. The control device 35 therefore causes an instantaneous flow of the fluid of the borehole to be created which cleans the filter sieve 80 of undesired residues before a sampling or a testing process is initiated.

After the various components of the formation testing device 20 and the control device 25 have reached their respective positions according to FIG. 5, the hydraulic pressure in the output line 113 increases rapidly from the operating level "B" to the "operating level " C " . As can be seen from FIG. 3. After the pump 110 has increased the pressure in the output line 113 to the predetermined level "C" , the control valve 128 opens as shown in FIG. 6A. The opening of the control valve 128 has the effect that hydraulic fluid is now pumped into the high-pressure section 154 of the line 119 and two branch lines 170 and 171 , which are connected to this for the subsequent closing of the control valve 88 and then for the opening of the control valve 85.

In this way, indicated by various arrows at 172 and 173 , the hydraulic fluid is supplied with a pressure corresponding to the value »CV by means of a check valve 174 in the upper section of the cylinder 175 of the control valve 88, which is open in the idle state, when the fluid is supplied from its lower section by means of a line 176 which is connected to the retraction line 120 is discharged. As a result, the valve member 100 is closed and the connection between the flow line 81 and the borehole fluid outside the device 20 is interrupted. At the same time, the hydraulic fluid wedge is let into the lower portion of the cylinders 91 of the control valve 85. When the spring 99 for the normally open control valve 88 is set to a value that is slightly smaller than that of the spring 93 for the normally closed .Control valve 85, the second valve is instantly held in its closed position until the first valve has timed out had to close. After the valve 88 is closed, the hydraulic fluid enters the lower portion of the cylinder 91 of the control valve 85. and valve member 94 is opened when hydraulic fluid is pumped back from the top of the cylinder through check valve 177 and branch return line 178 connected to line 120 .

When the apparatus 20 is in the position of FIG. 6A, the conduit 81 is isolated from the borehole fluids and is in communication with the isolated portion of the earth formation 22 by the flexible conduit 82. As can be seen from the discussion of FIG 4, the branch line 101 and the section of the main line 81 between the control valve 85 and the control valves 86 and 87 were previously expanded by the upward movement of the piston 106 in the chamber 107 with reduced volume. Therefore, when the control valve 85 is opened, the isolated portion of the earth formation 22 will quickly come into communication with the space which is temporarily at a reduced pressure and is represented by the previously isolated portions of the flow line 81 and the branch line 101.

Should any fossil fluids be in the isolated earth formation 22, the formalion pressure will cause these fluids to pass through the inlet means 30 into the flow line up to the point in time at which the aforementioned lower portion of the flow line 81 and branch line 101 are drained and pressure equalization is achieved again in the entire flow line. By means of a conventional pressure transducer 179 (or, if desired, one or more transducers) in the flow line 81, one or more

Measurements about the properties of the fossil flow center! and the formation 22 is transmitted to the surface by a conductor 180 and optionally by a recording device 26 as shown in FIG. 1 can be recorded. The pressure measurements by transmitter 179 allow the surface operator to quickly determine formation pressure and obtain one or more indications of the potential yield of formation 22. There are / reaching pressure pressed so that it penetrates at least through the mud cake that usually lines the borehole walls adjacent to the permeable earth formations, in this situation the forward movement of the inlet member 57 is not coordinated with the rearward movement of the valve member 67 when this releases the filter screen 80. In either case, a sudden opening of valve 85 will cause the mud cake to move to the rear of the sieve.

Different methods for the analysis of formation pressure 10 bes 80 is drawn and the sieve for the following known-.i, and these need not be explained here to clean the passage of the fluid. After the various components of the device

The operator can also use the measurements obtained by the 20 and the control device 25 in their corresponding pressure transducer 179 moved and reliably determine whether the sealing ring 53 has been moved and reliably determine whether the sealing ring 53 has been moved to complete seal from when the pressure switch 124 establishes formation 22 so that the fluid becomes effective and the hydraulic pump 110 stops. Since the wellbore is prevented from entering the forward of the pressure switches 124 at a selected operative end of the inlet member 57. Any rich (as at 181) has, and its lower threshold value, insufficient sealing of the sealing ring 53 on the 20, preferably not less than the operating pressure "C" wall of the borehole 21, is quickly recognized, since that is in, it follows that in the typically, the pump 110 of the earth formation 22 is stopped at expected formation pressures shortly after the control valve 88 lower than the hydrostatic pressure of the flow closes and the control valve 85 opens. At which the center of the wellbore will be at the particular depth, the point of the formation test period prior to which the apparatus 20 is then currently located. 25 direction 20, a decision can be made by this possibility of checking the seal, whether one or more samples of the fossil fluids in the earth formation 22 should be taken, if a sufficient number of pressure measurements have been made. If such samples are not desired, the operator can simply operate switches 33 and 34 and retract anchor member 50 and sealing ring 53.

On the other hand, should the extraction of a flow map remain as long as desired, the control will be to take and record pressure measurements. switches 33 and 34 according to FIG. In what is known as the pro-The operator can move, for example, the Zeilebbenposition 38, in which they agree, for example, what "" is necessary until the formation solenoid valve 182 opens so that pressure fluid from pressure creates the equilibrium, and it the high pressure section 154 of the line 119 can reach the speed of the pressure increase and thereby a lower section of the cylinder 183 of the control system can provide valuable information about various properties tiles 86 for the sample chamber. According to the earth formation 22, for example via the passage F i g. 7, the control valve 86 is opened, fluidity and porosity are maintained. With the novel so that fossil fluid in the direction of the arrows gene device 20, the operator can quickly 184 through the line 81 and the branch line 83 in the determine whether it is ensured that a flow 45 sample chamber 31 is admitted v. earth. If necessary, a medium sample can be taken.

From Fig. 6B it is particularly evident that because of
the relatively little fortified formation 22 after
rearward movement of the valve member 67 together with the forward movement of the solenoid valve 188 to open the control valve 87 to inlet member 57 only snlrhp Ιηςρη PnrmatinncmaiPn ,. operate and also fossil fluids in the

admit other sample chamber 32. In any case
one or more samples of the fluids,

the operator can withdraw the anchor member 50 and the sealing ring 53 immediately without having to wait unnecessarily for the rest of the entire operational sequence.

Assuming the measurements taken by the pressure transducer 179 show that the sealing ring 53 is tight, the operator can use the formation tester 20 in the manner shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B

can be a "chamber select" switch 185 in the surface section of the device 25 also from its position 186 "first sample" to position 187 "second sample" be switched according to Fig. 1 to a Ma-

Inlet member 57 only such loose formation materials can get into the inlet member, which is displaced by the displacement of the inlet member in the formation have been. That is, the inlet member 57

for the fluid in the formation 22 located only through 55 tion 22, optionally through the novel Vordie Displacement of loose formation materials penetration device 20 can be removed. When the device gen can. Since the space opened by the backward movement of the valve member 67 is the only one

which is located in the isolated section of the earth forma-

available space in which these loose formats

20 is to be realigned in borehole 21 to take pressure measurements from another formation, For example, at position 23, if ionic materials can enter, another w> The operator's controller 25 stops erosion of the formation materials, after which the sample chamber 32 for a sample from this formade reserve the inlet limb filled with loose materials.

that is. On the other hand, if a for- ü '· -: novel control device 25 is working! the-

mation amount is relatively compressed. The feed type is such that the hydraulic pump 110 will never be relatively small during erödes inlet member 57, and the nose of which is in operation for longer time intervals. According to FIG. 3, the pump 110 will quickly penetrate its maximum operating state little or not at all into the isolated geological form . The pump 110 is then stopped and remains in

this state until the sample chambers 31 and 32 are to be closed and the anchoring member 50 and the sealing ring 53 are to be withdrawn. At this point, the motor 111 is restarted by moving the control switches 33 and 34 to their so-called "sample catch" positions 39 to restart the pump 110. The control valves 122 and 123 open momentarily, allowing the pump 110 to reach its operating speed before closing again. The check valve 123 again prevents a flow reversal of the pressurized hydraulic fluid, which is then contained in the line 119. After the pump 110 has reached operating speed, it operates in essentially the same manner previously discussed with reference to FIG. According to FIG. 8, the hydraulic pressure in the output line 113 rises again according to the curve 189, and there are instantaneous stopping points at different operating levels "W" to "Z", which correspond to the different operating positions of the device according to FIGS. 9 to 11 correspond.

When the control switches 33 and 34 have been switched to their "sample catch" positions 39, the solenoid valve 122 opens and allows the hydraulic fluid to flow into the "retraction line" 120. The pressure switch 125 is switched on by the electrical conductor 41 and the pressure switch 126 is switched off, so that in this position of the control switches 33 and 34 the maximum operating pressure that the pump 110 can originally reach is limited to the pressure "W". which is determined by the pressure switch 125. Since the control valve 131 opens at a hydraulic pressure which corresponds to the predetermined pressure with the value “W” , the hydraulic fluid in the high-pressure section 154 of the “set line” 119 is returned to the container 112 through the return line 117. When the hydraulic fluid in the high pressure section 154 is returned to the container 112, the pressure in this section of the line 119 decreases rapidly and the control valve 128 is closed as soon as the pressure in this line is no longer sufficient to keep the valve open. After the control valve 128 is closed, the pressure existing in the low-pressure section 151 of the line 119 remains at a reduced value which, however, is sufficient to keep the anchoring member 50 and the sealing ring 53 in the expanded position.

When the hydraulic fluid from the lower portion of the cylinder 183 through the still open solenoid valve 182 is discharged and the fluid from the "retreat line" 120 into the upper part of the cylinder enters through branch line 190, chamber control valve 86 closes and intercepts the Sample of the fossil fluids, which are then located in the sample chamber 31. Should also be such a Sample are located in the other sample chamber 32, the control valve 87 can in a similar manner can also be closed quickly by pressing switch 185 to repeatedly open the solenoid valve 188 is closed. Closing the control valve 86 and valve 87 causes the samples be held in one or the other sample chamber 31 or 32.

After the control valve 86 and, if necessary, the control valve 87 have been closed again, the control switches 33 and 34 are moved to their next "retraction" switch positions 40, so that the anchoring member 50 and the sealing ring 53 are simultaneously retracted. In this last position of the control panels 33 and 34, the pressure switch 125 is switched off again and the pressure switch 126 is switched on so that the hydraulic pump 110 can now be operated with the predetermined capacity and hydraulic pressures above the value "W" can be reached. After the pressure switch 125 has been turned off once, the pressure switch 126 operates as shown in FIG. 8 that the pump 110 is working and the pressure rises rapidly to the operating pressure "X".

At this point, according to FIG. 10, the hydraulic fluid with the pressure "X" is directed in the direction of the arrows 191 through the retreat line 120 and the branch line 176 to repeatedly open the control valve 88 for pressure equalization so that the fluid in the borehole enters the flow line 81 in Direction of arrows 192 can flow. Opening the pressure equalization valve 88 allows the downhole fluids to enter the isolated space defined by seal ring 53 to cancel the pressure differential across the seal ring. The hydraulic fluid displaced from the upper section of the piston chamber 175 of the valve 88 is diverted by means of a check valve 193, which only responds when the pressure is greater than or equal to the operating pressure "X" .

The hydraulic fluid displaced from the piston chamber 175 by a pressure relief valve 193 becomes the Container 112 through branch line 170, the high pressure portion 154 of line 119, the still open Control valve 131 and the return line 117 returned.

11 shows the operating state of the formation testing device 20, in which the hydraulic pressure in the output line 113 has either reached the operating level "Y" or, if desired, a higher value "Z" (FIG. 8). At this point, the pressure fluid in line 120 reopens control valve 130 and connects low pressure section 151 of line 119 to container 112. When this occurs, the hydraulic fluid wedge in the retraction line can enter the "retreat side" of the various piston / cylinder assemblies 51,52 , 55 and 56 as indicated by arrows 195. In a similar manner, the pressure fluid can also enter the annular space 66 in front of the piston section 64 with an enlarged diameter and reset the inlet member 57. It can also flow into the annular space 76 and reset the Ventiigiied 67 in its front PuMiioii /. The hydraulic fluid withdrawn from the various piston / cylinder assemblies 51, 52, 55 and 56 and the piston chambers 65 and 77 is returned directly to the container 112 through the high-pressure section 151 of the line 119 and the control valve 130. This closes the anchoring member 50 and the sealing ring 53 the enveloping body 28 so that the device 20 is either realigned in the borehole 21 or returned to the surface when no further testing is desired.

Although according to FIG. 10, an operating pressure on the acts on the upper portion of the cylinder 91 for the control valve 85 at the time the Control valve 88 opens again, a pressure relief valve 194, which is closed in the idle state and which is parallel to the check valve 177 lies in a ge

is held in the closed position until the increasing hydraulic pressure developed by the pump 110 exceeds the operating level (“Y” or “Z”) used to return the anchoring member 50 and the sealing ring 53. At this point in the operating sequence of the device 20, the control valve 85 is closed again, which is shown in FIG. 11 is not shown.

The pump 110 continues to work until the hydraulic pressure in the output line 113 reaches the upper limit value, which is determined by the setting of the pressure switch 126 . The control switches 33 and 34 are then returned to their original positions 35 and stop further operation of the pump motor 111 and again open the solenoid valve 2V so that the retraction line 120 is reconnected to the container 112. This completes the preferred sequence of operations of the novel formation tester 20.

The device 20 can therefore carry out one or more testing or sampling processes, if this is desirable without having to be removed from the well 21 between operations. Due to the versatility of the control device 25, the operator can control the behavior of the device 20 on a given testing or sampling operation so that either changes can be made, which are required by the various conditions in the borehole, or the process can, if necessary, be ended without any further loss of time. This flexibility thus gives considerable advantages.

Although the device 20 as a rule in the above-described Way will work to take a series of pressure measurements and one or more fluid samples Unexpected or undesirable conditions can also occur which make the successful Prevent completion of the special test procedure or the taking of samples. For example it comes suggest that the sealing ring 53, for one reason or another, does not make a complete seal with the wall of borehole 2! results. This condition makes formation pressure measurements or extraction more representative Fluid sampling impossible because the wellbore fluids simply flow into the inlet device 30 occur if the testing process or sampling is continued.

This condition is quickly recognized, however, since the flow line 81 is originally filled with fluid from the borehole (FIGS. 2A, 2B and 4). L ^ auürcn indicates uci "L ^ rUC (CWaUu.er 179 uen hydrostatic pressure of the fluids of the borehole. When the control switches 33 and 34 are moved to their third positions 37 to" set "the device 20 and the output pressure of the pump 113 reaches the value "B", the control valve 129 opens the inlet 30 when the valve member 67 moves to the rear, so that the formation 22 in communication with the flow line 81 passes (F i g. 5). after the pump 113 to g pressure value "C" in accordance with F i. 6A has reached, closes the balance valve 88 and the control valve 85 will open again so that a connection between the portion with reduced pressure, the flow line 81 and the inlet means is manufactured rapid 30s. In this case, only one of three events can be considered: If a substantial pressure drop is detected at a measuring device 26 at the surface, which is accompanied by a pressure increase to a value f olgt, it can be concluded from this that the sealing ring 53 seals the wall of the borehole 21 and the formation 22 is permeable and ensures that the testing process and sampling are carried out in the manner described above in order to investigate the type of formation and its fluid.

On the other hand, if the pressure in the flow line 81 does not drop and instead at the same value

If it remains, the result is that the sealing ring 53 does not properly seal the wall of the borehole 21 and the fluid of the borehole penetrates into the nose of the inlet member 57. If, on the other hand, the pressure in the flow line 81 falls but does not rise to a reasonable extent, the result is that either the formation being investigated is not productive or that the inlet device 30 is clogged despite the flushing process illustrated in FIG. In any case, it is useless to continue with the testing process or with taking samples. The control switches 33 and 34 are simply toggled over the positions 38 and 39 into their switching positions 40. 10 and 11, the device 20 thereby returns to its starting position (FIGS. 2A and 2B) so that one or more attempts can be made after the device has been moved to a better position with respect to the formation at 22 , if possible has been. This enables the operator to better determine whether the formation is indeed not productive or whether the inlet device 30 was merely temporarily clogged.

The versatility of the improved apparatus 20 is also evident from the fact that the operator can still interrupt testing or sampling at a later time even with the sealing ring 53 firmly engaged with the wall of the borehole 21. For example, assume that device 20 is in the test position shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B. If the pressure measurements made by pressure transducer 179 indicate that more than one fluid sample is to be obtained, switches 33 and 34 are simply moved to their respective sample positions at 38 and switch 185 is actuated as required to activate at least one Captures sample according to FIG. 7 in the manner described above. On the other hand, if the results of these pressure measurements are not encouraging, the operator again has the choice of switches 33 and 34 through their switch positions 38 and 39 directly into the retract positions

ürnzusCiiattcn. u / ic vorciiiung ^ v Ka

cannot be realigned with respect to formation 22 or moved to another formation interval 23 or returned to the surface.

The interaction of the device 20 and the control device 25 allows one or more tests or sampling to be carried out without undue loss of time if the inlet device 30 for the fluid is not in isolated communication with a selected formation or if the formation shows little or no yield . The various pressure sensitive control valves which respond at selected pressure values allow the device 20 to be selectively brought into any of the operating positions with a minimum of switching operations.
In summary, it is one with one

Cable fitted formation tester having a pressure sensitive inlet means for fluid and an anchoring device. These devices are on an enveloping body of the device for optionally anchoring the device in a position in a borehole arranged to at least obtain a measurement or fluid sampling from a subterranean earth formation. Farther a selectively actuatable hydraulic pump is provided, which is controlled by several selectively actuatable hydraulic valves with a pressure-sensitive device

device and is connected to several pressure-sensitive control valves for the flow. As each the control valve is arranged and constructed in such a way that it only responds at certain hydraulic pressures, the novel device is operated in steps to take selected measurements and if desired one or more samples of the Formaiioris fluids of one or more formation intervals prior to removal of the device from the Get borehole.

For this purpose 10 sheets of drawings

Claims (32)

Patent claims: 1. Formation testing device which can be suspended in a borehole penetrating earth formations and contains a casing body with a fluid passage for receiving fossil fluids and a fluid inlet device to the casing body which is connected to the fluid passage and can be brought into engagement with the wall of the borehole to isolate a Part of the wall opposite the borehole fluids, wherein a first pressure-responsive device is provided on the casing body for applying the fluid inlet means to the borehole wall and establishing a connection with the earth formations behind, and wherein a second pressure-responsive device on the casing body has two Operating positions is provided in which the fluid flow in the fluid passage opposite the fluid inlet device is released or interrupted, characterized in that the first pressure-responsive device (52, 51, 55, 56) is selected at a first operating pressure (A) ter size is actuated that the second pressure-responsive device (85,86,87) is actuated at a second operating pressure (B) selected, different from the first size, by which it can be switched to one of its operating position, and that on detn enveloping body a drive device (110, 111) connected to the two pressure-responsive devices is provided, which is selectively operable to successively generate at least the first and the second operating pressure for actuating the first and the second pressure-responsive device in a predetermined sequence. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the second operating pressure (B) is greater than the first operating pressure (A) . 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a Meßwcrtwandler (179) is arranged on the enveloping body (28) in connection with the fluid passage (79) for measuring at least one characteristic value of the fossil fluids. 4 ^r > 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the transducer is a pressure transducer. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first pressure-responsive device can be actuated by a third operating pressure (C) of selected size to lift the fluid inlet device (30) from the borehole wall (21) with the resulting interruption of the connection with the earth formation (22) that the second pressure-responsive device can be actuated by a fourth operating pressure (D) of a selected magnitude to control the fluid flow in the fluid passage (79) with respect to the inlet device (30) and to switch to the other operating position, and that the drive device (UO, 111) contains an actuating member for providing the actuation fluid in a range of different output pressures with a control device 6Ί (25) that can be actuated selectively from the surface of the earth. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the third operating pressure (C) gtöß '.- i as is the first operating pressure (A) . 7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the fourth operating pressure (D) is greater than the second operating pressure (B) . 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second on pressure responsive means comprises valve means connected to the fluid passage (79). 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first pressure-responsive device includes a first piston which is displaceable towards the borehole wall (21) at a differential pressure acting at one end and from the borehole wall at one his changes; End-acting pressure is retractable that the second pressure-responsive device has a valve (67) which is displaceable between an open position and a blocking position and is connected to the fluid passage (79) and a second piston (55,56) which is connected to is connected to the valve (67), and the valve is optionally displaceable into one operating position at a differential pressure acting at one end of the second piston and the valve is displaceable into the other operating position when a differential pressure acting at the other end of the second piston, and that the drive device comprises a hydraulic actuation device on the envelope body (28) and a pump (110) which is selectively actuatable from the surface for conveying a hydraulic fluid at progressively increasing pressures over a selected range of operating pressures, wherein a first hydraulic line (160 ) is connected to one end of the first piston, a second hydraulic system line (163) is connected to the other end of the first piston and to the other end of the second piston and a third hydraulic line is connected to the one end of the second piston; a first control device selectively connects the first hydraulic line to the output of the pump during a first operating period of the pump and connects the second hydraulic line to the inlet of the pump and extends the first piston when the pump first supplies hydraulic fluid to the first hydraulic line at the first selected operating pressure gives up; a second control device responds only to a further increase in the fluid pressure up to a second selected operating pressure in the first hydraulic line above the first selected operating pressure and connects the first hydraulic line to the third hydraulic line and supplies the hydraulic fluid to one end of the second piston only as long as the Fluid pressure in the first hydraulic line is not less than the first selected pressure value; a third control device selectively connects the second hydraulic line to the pump outlet and connects the third hydraulic line to the pump inlet and supplies the hydraulic fluid at a third selected pressure value to the other end of the wide piston at a second operating cycle of the pump (110): and a fourth control device only responds to a further increase in the fluid pressure in the second hydraulic line above the third selected pressure value and the first ί lyär; i; i! ik! eit ;; nj: with dc.v. Pump company - keep connecting as long as the fluid pressure in the second hydraulic line is not less than the third selected pressure level 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first pressure responsive device comprises a first piston, that to the borehole wall at a differential pressure acting on one end of the first piston is extendable and from the borehole wall at one to the other end of the first piston we ι ο kenden differential pressure is retractable; the second pressure responsive device between having an open position and a closed position movable valve connected to the fluid passage is, and a second piston is connected to the valve and the valve optionally in the one Operating position according to a differential pressure acting on one end of the second piston and the valve selectively in the other operating position at one end of the second Piston acting differential pressure moves; the drive device is a hydraulic actuator on the enveloping body (28) and a pump (110) that can optionally be actuated from the surface has for delivering a hydraulic fluid at increasing pressures over a predetermined one Range of operating pressures, a first hydraulic line to one end of the first piston and is connected to one end of the second piston and a second hydraulic line to the other End of the piston is connected; a first control device during a first operating cycle the pump selectively the first hydraulic line to the outlet of the pump and the second Hydraulic line connects to the inlet of the pump, the first piston being extendable when the First, pump a hydraulic fluid to the first hydraulic line at the first selected operating pressure gives up; a second control device only in the event of a further increase in the fluid pressure up to a second selected operating pressure in the first hydraulic line above the first selected operating pressure responds and connects the second hydraulic line to the other end of the second piston and absorbs hydraulic fluid from this only as long as the fluid pressure in the first Hydraulic line is not less than the first selected pressure; a third control device in a second operating cycle of the pump for the optional connection of the second hydraulic line with the pump outlet responds to the hydraulic fluid at a third preselected Supplies pressure level to the other end of the second piston; and a fourth controller only in the event of a further increase in the fluid pressure in the second hydraulic line via the third selected pressure level responds and the first hydraulic line to the pump inlet only connects as long as the fluid pressure in the second hydraulic line is not less than that third is selected operating pressure. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that that a sample lamination device (31, 32) with the fluid passage downstream of the Valve is provided. 12. Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterized characterized in that one of the control devices is selectively operable from the surface and controls the access of the hydraulic line to one end of the second piston 13. Device according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the valve (67) between the operating positions can be moved, one position being the open position and the other position being the Are closed position for the flow. 14. The device according to claim 8 and one of claims 1 to 6 or claim 10, characterized in that that the inlet device (30) has a tubular, fluid-conducting member, which with the fluid passage and the second pressure responsive means on the tubular Member controlling the flow of fluid between the tubular member and the passage is arranged. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the fluid inlet device (30) is a Has sealing member (53) mounted on the tubular member for sealing against the borehole wall is arranged. 16. Apparatus according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the fluid-carrying member has a front tubular portion with a fluid inlet that engages the wall of the borehole, a filter (80) between the fluid inlet and on a wall of the member the passage is arranged and the valve is a valve member disposed coaxially in the member Movement between an advanced position within the front section to the other operating position and in a retracted position in the one operating position in which the filter is uncovered is and a space for receiving the entering the front tubular portion Materials limited. 17. The device according to claim 8 and one of the Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the valve with a test line section of the passage downstream of the fluid inlet direction. 18. Device according to Ar claim 8 and one of claims 1 to 6 and 9 or 10, characterized in that that a fluid sample chamber (31, 32) on the enveloping body (28) is connected to the fluid passage and the valve controls the flow of fluid from the passage to the sample chamber is arranged. 19. Device according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the valve between is movable in different positions, one position being the blocking position and the other being the opening position are for the fluid. 20. The device according to claim 8, one of claims 1 to 7 and claim 9, characterized in that that the valve controls the flow in the passage between an opening that the passage connects to the fluids of the borehole, and the inlet means (30) is arranged to control. 21. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that with the drive device (ttO) a third, selected on a fifth Operating pressure responsive device is connected. generated by the drive device and is different from the first and second operating pressures with a connection between the inlet device (30) and the fluid to open passage in a first operating position and to close the connection in the second operating position is close. 22. The device according to claim 21, characterized in that the fifth operating pressure is greater than the first operating pressure and the second operating pressure are greater than the fifth operating pressure. 23. Device according to claims 21 and 22, characterized in that the second on pressure appealing device has a valve connected to the passage, which in one position is closed and in the other position open to the flow of borehole fluids in the passageway of the equipment (30). 24. The device according to claim 21 or 22, with a sample collection device on the enveloping body, which is connected to the fluid passage, characterized in that the second is pressure responsive Device has a valve, which the passage with the sample collection device (31, 32) connects in one operating position and interrupts in the other operating position. 25. Device according to claims 5 and 24, characterized in that the control device the flow of the actuator to the third pressure responsive device pumped hydraulic fluid controls and that a valve is provided on the enveloping body (28), the surface controllable in the connection between the second pressure responsive device and the actuator is located. 26. Device according to claims 2! and 22, characterized in that the third is on pressure responsive device at a sixth operating pressure generated by the drive device selected size responds, the connection is to close in the second operating position. 27. Device according to claims 24 and 26, characterized in that the second operating pressure is greater than the third operating pressure and the third operating pressure are greater than the first operating pressure. 28. Device according to claims 24 and 26, characterized in that the sixth operating pressure is greater than the fifth operating pressure and the fifth operating pressure are greater than the fourth operating pressure. 29. Device according to claims 21 and 22, characterized in that the third on pressure responsive device a third valve on the inlet device (30) to control the connection contains between a fluid inlet on the inlet means and the fluid passage and the second pressure responsive device a second downstream of the third valve on the Contains a fluid passage arranged valve for opening the diameter in the one operating position, the passage being open in one operating position and blocked in the other operating position 30. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5 and 21 to 29, characterized in that the first pressure responsive device a piston actuator contains on the enveloping body and at least one piston member, which consists of the enveloping body can be extended at a first operating pressure acting on the piston actuation device and is removable from the borehole wall when the third operating pressure is applied to the piston actuation direction acts. 31. The device according to claim 30, characterized in that one in engagement with the borehole wall standing member connected to the piston and anchored by this in the borehole wall is when the piston is extended from the Hüllkkörpersei. 32. Apparatus according to claim 30, characterized in that the fluid inlet device (309) can be brought into operative connection with the piston to establish engagement with the borehole wall, when the piston is extended from the enveloping body.