DE2360268A1 - FORMATION CHECKING DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

Description of the patent application

of Societe, de Prospection Electrique Schlumberger 42, Rue Saint-Dominique, Paris

concerning:
Formation testing device

The invention relates to a formation testing device which can be hung in a borehole extending through earth formations.

The formation testing devices with cables currently on the market are based on an individual test of a selected one Formation section limited (US Patent No. 3,011,554) After one of these devices has been placed in a borehole and testing or sampling initiated has been, such a device cannot be operated again without first removing it from the borehole is removed and various components of the devices are readjusted for the next inlet. Even if you can quickly see that a test process has just been initiated or sampling is unlikely to be successful, the operator has no choice but to suspend operation and then return the device to the surface. This obviously leads to one Loss of time and costs that would be avoidable if a a new attempt could be carried out, oKae that the test procedure

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direction would have to be removed from the borehole.

In order to avoid this disadvantage, a more modern test device is described in US Pat. No. 3,385,364. Test devices according to this patent contain two or more self-contained test units which are in tandem are interconnected and work independently. Although devices of this type are commercially available their overall weight and length have been found to make them difficult to use in many cases.

A number of attempts have been made to design formation testers to create, which perform more than one test procedure or a sample taking with one enema can. Most of these test fixtures use it extremely complicated arrangements of magnetic switches and control devices, so that it must be doubted that these devices prove themselves in the difficult conditions encountered in practice in a borehole.

Another reason why so far no in practicable Way repeatedly operable formation tester has become known, is that in a reliable manner a Fluid or pressure communication can be established with the undeveloped or paved earth formations got to. Although the various new and improved test fixtures disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,352,361, 3 530 933, 3 565 169, and 3 653 436 are intended for testing unpaved formations, they are of the one type or other reason unable to perform more than one test during a single run-in in a given Execute borehole.

One of the better repeatable test fixtures is described in Figure 2 of U.S. Patent 3,577,781.

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This device uses a non-feedback control system with only a single solenoid valve and a hydraulic pump that can be operated in one direction or the other. However, this device is not suitable for collecting a fluid sample which can be brought back to the surface for inspection. Since the flow rate inlet is continuously open in this device, it is not suitable for operation at which the examined formation is relatively little developed or fortified.

The invention is therefore primarily based on the object of creating a new and improved test device with which reliably makes multiple measurements of one or more fluids or formations and with which one or more samples of the formation disturbance agent can be selectively collected, if desired become tons, regardless of the type or attachment of the formations studied.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. Accordingly, a formation tester created with a selectively operable device which removes the device in a borehole anchored and creates an isolated connection to an earth formation while allowing loose formation materials to enter limited or prevented. Furthermore, an optionally operable device is provided by means of which at least measurements of one or more properties of the earth formation or of the fossil fluids contained therein can be made. To use the device optionally for one or more test periods, are each of the various selectively actuable devices as well as various flow control valves in the device arranged and with an optionally actuatable hydraulic pump

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connected by means of a control system, which several Has hydraulic control valves which can operate at various predetermined hydraulic pressures. In this way is made simply by starting the hydraulic pump and increasing the pressure at the outlet of the pump of each of the different Hydraulic control valves operated sequentially in a predetermined order, so that the device by a selected work cycle is performed.

In the following the invention is explained with reference to a preferred embodiment? show it:

Fig. 1 shows the surface and borehole sections of a

preferred embodiment of the novel formation tester;

FIGS. 2A and 2B together schematically show the formation testing device according to FIG. 1 in the starting position;

3 is a diagram of the operation of the new formation tester; which optionally performs a typical testing and sampling process;

Fig. 4-7 the successive positions of different Components of the novel device of FIGS. 2A and 2B during a typical test and Sampling process;

FIG. 8, similar to FIG. 3, shows the operation of the formation testing device; how it optionally returns to its starting position after a complete test and sample removal process and

Fig. 9-11 the successive positions of various components of the new and improved format

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tion test device upon return of the device in their starting position.

Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a novel Formation tester 20 during the course of a typical Measurement and sampling process in a borehole, for example a borehole 21 which protrudes at 22 and 23 through more than one earth formation. The device is in that Borehole 21 suspended from the lower end of a cable 24 for a multiple conductor, which in a conventional manner on a not shown cable winch unwound on the surface and with the surface section of a new and improved Control device 25 is connected. Also includes a typical recording and display device 26 and a power supply 27 shown. In this embodiment, the Device 20 an elongated enveloping body 28, which the located in the borehole portion of the control device 25 and encloses an optionally extendable anchoring device 29 and an inlet device 30 for fluid carries, which are arranged on opposite sides of the enveloping body, and one or more in tandem connected collection chambers 31 and 32 for fluid.

As will be explained in detail below, the formation test devices operate 20 and the control device 25 together in such a way that when a command is issued from the surface the device can optionally be placed in one or more of five selected operating positions. The control device 25 brings the device 20 either into one or more of these positions or it guides them through selected ones Operating locations. These five operating positions will be explained in detail later and determine the versatility of the control device 25, which operate the device 20 according to the task. This is done in that optionally

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Control switches 33 and 34 placed in different switch positions 35 to 40 in the surface section of the system so that power is selectively supplied to various lines 41-48 in the cable 24.

2A and 2B are the entire downhole portion of the control device and the anchoring device 29, the fluid inlet means 30 and the collection chambers 31 and 32 of the device in that Shown position in which they are when the novel device is fully withdrawn and the Switches 33 and 34 are in their first or "switched off" operating positions 35 2A for the device, a vertical, wall-engaging anchor member 50 is typically with a longitudinally spaced pair of piston / cylinder devices that can move backwards 51 and 52, which can typically be moved transversely to the enveloping body 28. How else will be explained, the lateral extension and retraction of the anchor member 50 with respect to the rear of the enveloping body 28 controlled by the control device 25, which optionally a pressurized hydraulic fluid get to the piston / cylinder assemblies 51 and 52 or can be discharged from them.

The fluid inlet device 30 serves in the preferred one Embodiment also selected for sealing Portions of the wall of the wellbore 21. After a selected portion of the wellbore wall is exposed to the fluids of the borehole is isolated, pressure or fluid communication is established with the adjacent earth formations manufactured. 2A, the fluid inlet means 30 preferably includes an annular, resilient one

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Seal 53, which is on the face of a vertical support member or a plate 54 is arranged, which with a longitudinally spaced pair of to front movable piston / cylinder assemblies 55 and 56. is connected, which are arranged transversely to the envelope body 28 and the sealing ring laterally towards the front side move the enveloping body. When the control device 25 selectively pressurized hydraulic fluid Piston / cylinder assemblies 55 and 56 are supplied, becomes the sealing ring 53 laterally between a retracted position next to the front of the enveloping body 28 and an advanced one Position moved.

By arranging the sealing ring 53 on the anchoring member 50 opposite side of the enveloping body 28 presses the lateral extension of these two members Sealing ring in sealing contact with the adjacent wall of the borehole 21 and anchoring device 20 whenever the piston / cylinder assemblies 51, 52, 55 and 56 are extended will. The anchor member 50 as well as the piston / cylinder assemblies 51 and 52 would not be required if so the stroke of the piston / cylinder assemblies 55 and 56 would be sufficient to keep the seal ring in firm, sealing contact to press with one wall of the borehole 21, the rear side of the enveloping body 28 securely against the opposite one Wall of the borehole would be anchored. Conversely, piston / cylinder assemblies 55 and 56 could similarly be omitted if the extension of the anchoring member 50 alone would be sufficient to the other side of the enveloping body 28 to move forward to a wall of the borehole 21 in order to make the sealing ring 53 in sealing contact therewith bring to. In the preferred embodiment horn of the formation tester 20 are both the Verankerungseinrichr device 29 and the inlet device 30 for the fluid optionally extendable so that the device in drilling

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holes of considerable diameter can be used. In this embodiment of the device 20, the total stroke the piston / cylinder assemblies 51 and 52 and the piston / cylinder assemblies 55 and 56 are kept to a minimum, so that the Overall diameter of the enveloping body 28 is reduced.

In order to introduce fluid into the device 20, the inlet means 30 includes an enlarged tubular shape Member 57 having an open front portion extending coaxially within the seal ring 53, and a closed rear section that is slidable in one larger tubular member 58 is arranged which is attached to the rear surface of the plate 54 and extends from there extends backwards. Since the nose of the tubular inlet member 57 for the fluid usually Extending a small distance beyond the front surface of the sealing ring 53 engages the elongation of the inlet means 30 the front end of the inlet member with the adjacent surface of the wall of the borehole 21, as the sealing ring is also pressed against this and this part of the wall of the borehole and the nose of the inlet member isolated from the fluids of the wellbore. To the tubular 'inlet member 57 with respect to the enlarged To move outer member 53, the smaller tubular member is slidably disposed within the outer tubular member and with respect to this outer tubular member against fluid by sealing members 59 and 60 on the inwardly enlarged end portions 61 and 62 of the outer member and a sealing member 63 on the portion 64 with increased diameter of the inner link sealed.

The sealing members 59, 60 and 63 are closed piston chambers 65 and 66 within the outer tubular Member 58 and formed on opposite sides of the outwardly enlarged portion 64 of the inner tubular member 57, which works as a piston member. If the hydraulic pressure on the rear chamber 65 is increased, it will Inlet member 57 forward of the outer tubular

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Member 58 and the sealing ring 53 moved. Conversely, if there is an increased hydraulic pressure on the. front piston chamber 66 is exerted, the inlet member 57 is withdrawn with respect to the outer member 58 and the sealing ring 53.

The pressure or fluid communication with the inlet device 30 is controlled by a device, for example 'a cylindrical valve member 67 which is coaxial is arranged in the inlet member 57 and is located in this axially between a retracted opening position and that shown moved forward closed position, in which the enlarged front end 68 of the valve member substantially, if not completely, sealingly abuts the forward interior portion of the inlet member for the fluid. To hold the valve member 67, the rear portion of the valve member is axially hollow at 69 and coaxial disposed over a tubular member 70 which projects forwardly from the transverse wall and the rear end of the inlet member 57 for the liquid closes. The axial bore 69 tapers and extends along the valve member 67 to to one or more transversely extending fluid channels 71 in the front portion of the valve member directly behind its enlarged head piece 68 ",

For selective movement of the valve member 67 with respect to the inlet member 57 for the fluid, the rear portion is of the valve member enlarged at 72 and the outer and inner sealing members 73 and 74 are coaxial thereon arranged and seal the interior of the inlet member and the exterior of the forwardly extending tubular Limb 70. A sealing member 75 is disposed on the central portion of the valve member 67 and seals the inner wall of the adjacent portion of the inlet member 57 from. The valve member is with respect to the inlet member

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sealed. By increasing the hydraulic pressure in the enlarged piston chamber 76 which leads to the rear of the enlarged valve section acting as a piston member is formed, the valve member 67 is forward with respect to of the inlet member 57 moved. Conversely, when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid on the front piston chamber 77 is increased, which is formed between the sealing members 73 and 75, the Vantile member 67 is rearward along the forwardly projecting tubular member 70 is moved so that the valve member is withdrawn with respect to the inlet member 57 will.

It is known that many earth formations are relatively poorly secured as at the point 22 and are therefore during the removal easily washed away by fossil fluids. Significant erosion of such unpaved formation materials To prevent, the inlet member 57 is formed such that there is an inner annular space 78 and a Fluid passage 79 forms in the front portion of the inlet member and a tubular screen 80 with sufficient Mesh density is arranged coaxially around the annulus. When the valve member 67 is withdrawn, will the formation fluids through the exposed forward portion of screen 80 in front of the enlarged header 68 pressed into the annular space 78 and then through the passage 79 into the passages 71 and 69. When the valve member 67 is withdrawn, loose formation materials that are removed from a formation by the withdrawal of fluids will be dislodged have been, through the protruding portion of the screen 80 in front of the enlarged head piece 68, the valve member stopped and thereby quickly form a permeable barrier through which the further erosion of the loose formation materials is prevented when the valve member stops.

A sample or flow line 81 is connected to the formation

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BATH ORIGINAL

Test device 20 connected. Your one end is for example connected to the inlet means by a flexible conduit 82 and the other end thereof terminating in a pair from branch lines 83 and 84 connected to the plenum chambers 31 and 32 for the fluid. For controlling the connection between the inlet device 30 for the sample and the collection chambers 31 and 32 are usually closed flow control valves 85 to 87 with a similar or identical construction in the flow line 81 and the branch lines 83 and 84, which lead to the sample caramers. A normally open control valve 88, which is constructed similarly to the usually closed control valves 85 to 87, is in one Branch line 89 is arranged and selectively controls the connection between the fluids of the borehole outside the ^ device 20 and the upper portion of the flow line 81 which extends between the control valve 85 and the inlet device 30 for the fluid.

The control valve 85 as well as each of the control valves 86 and for the chamber consists of an elongated body with an enlarged cylinder 91, in which a piston is received, which is usually biased into a lower position by a spring 93 with a predetermined spring strength. A valve member 94 connected to the piston 92, together with the piston, blocks the fluid passage between the inlet and outlet openings 95 and 96 until the piston is in its lower position. To control the operation of the valve 85, openings 97 and 98 are provided for the entry and delivery of hydraulic fluid into the cylinder 91 above and below the piston 92. The valve 88 is constructed similarly to the valves 85 to 87 with the exception that a spring 99 with a certain spring force presses the valve member 100 in the rest state into an open position.

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2A to 2B is a branch line 101 with the line 81 at a suitable point between the control valves 86 and 87 and the control valve 85 are arranged. This branch line is controlled by pressure reducing devices that can be activated as desired 102 completed. In the preferred embodiment, the pressure reducer includes 102 a body 103 with an enlarged piston cylinder 104 in which an actuating piston 105 is arranged, the carries a piston 106 with a smaller diameter, which is in a predetermined volume between selected can move upper and lower positions in a chamber 107 of tapered diameter. To control the movements of the piston 106 are openings 108 and 109 for the inlet and outlet of the hydraulic fluid into and from the isolated Portions of the larger cylinder 104 are provided on opposite sides of the piston 105. When moving of the piston 106 from its lower position according to FIG. 2A to an upper position, the total volume of the fluid, the are then located in the branch line 1Ol and that portion of the line 81 between the control valve 85 and the valves 86 and 87 increased accordingly. The importance of substantially reducing the pressure by this optional Increasing the volume is explained below. As best seen in Figure 2A ", the preferred embodiment includes the control device 25 also has a pump 110 which is connected to a drive motor 111 and a Hydraulic fluid, for example oil, is pumped from a container 112 into a delivery line 113. Since the device 20 in wells such as at location 21 is intended to operate which are usually dirty and corrosive fluids contained, the container 112 is preferably arranged such that the pump 110 and the motor 111 are completely in the Immerse in pure hydraulic fluid. When the device 20 must operate at depths in which the hydrostatic pressure

2 the fluids of the borehole up to 1.05 - 1.4 kp / cm

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may be, the container 112 includes an inlet 114 for the fluids of the borehole, and an isolating Piston 115 is movably arranged in the container and holds the hydraulic fluid in this at a pressure that is approximately is equal to the hydrostatic pressure at each depth of the device in which it is located. It is a pretensioning device, for example a spring 116, is provided, which acts on the piston 115 and the pressure the hydraulic fluid in the reservoir 112 at an increased level, which is slightly above the hydrostatic Pressure in the borehole is so that the inflow of the fluid is made at least minimally in the container. In addition to the isolation of the hydraulic fluid in the The piston 115 can also move freely around the container 112 to compensate for the volume changes in the hydraulic fluid that occur in different conditions of the wellbore appear. One or more inlets 117 and 118 are provided, which the hydraulic fluid from the control device 25 to the container during operation of the device 20 lead back.

The outlet line 113 is divided into two main branch lines, which can be referred to as the set line 119 and the retreat line 120. The control device 25, the hydraulic fluid can optionally with selected pressures and at selected times via the setting and Retraction lines 119 and 120 one or more components the device 20 as required by the operation of the device during a testing or sampling process power. The preferred operational sequences will be discussed later.

To control the access of the hydraulic fluid to the The controller also contains lines 119 and r120 optionally actuatable valves, for example a pair of valves that are closed in the idle state and actuated by solenoid coils

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121 and 122, which cooperate in such a way that they selectively enter the hydraulic fluid into the two lines when the control switch on the surface is in the appropriate position. In line 119 is a conventional check valve 123 is provided downstream of the control valve 121, through which a flow reversal of the hydraulic fluid is avoided whenever the pressure in line 119 is greater than that in the outlet line 113 should be. In the lines 119 and 120 are control devices, for example pressure switches 124 to 126 for optional interruption of the operation of the pump HO provided if the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in a these lines reach a desired maximum operating pressure, and the pump is then started up again, when the pressure falls below this level, the line pressure is maintained within a selected operating range will.

Since the pump 110 is a so-called positive displacement pump, un allow rapid, predictable increases in operating pressures in lines 119 and 120 in a short period of time reach, the control device 25 should also allow a temporary opening of the outlet line 113 until the motor 111 reaches its intended operating speed Has. Therefore, the control device 25 is constructed in such a way that each time the pump 110 is started, the Control valve 122, if it is not already open, and a third closed in the idle state and through a solenoid operated valve 127 is temporarily opened, so that the hydraulic fluid is directly from the output line 113 is passed to the container 112 via the return line. After the motor 111 once the operating speed has reached, the bypass valve 127 is of course closed again and either the valve 121 or the valve 122 is selectively opened as it is for the

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special operating phase of the device 20 is required. During those time intervals in which the valve 122 and the valve 127 are opened to allow the engine 111 to reach its operating speed, the check valve prevents 123 shows the return flow of hydraulic fluid from line 119 when valve 121 is open

The control device 25 optionally supplies the lines 119 and 120 with hydraulic fluid. Since the pressure switches 124 and 125 only limit the pressures in the setting and retraction lines to a selected maximum operating pressure in coordination with the pressure of the pump 110, the novel control device 25 also provides for the pressure of the hydraulic fluid to be regulated is fed to the selected sections of the facility at different times _o Although this control can be carried out in different ways? Preferably a number of pressure actuated control valves are used, for example at 128-131 in Figures 2A and 2B 134 and 135 is arranged for the fluid «. The upper portion of the valve body 132 is enlarged to give a cylinder 136 carrying a piston 137 which is aligned with the valve seat 133. A biasing means such as a spring 138 normally urges the piston 137 onto the valve seat 133 and it is an orifice 139 is provided, through which the hydraulic fluid can be admitted into the cylinder 136 with sufficient pressure * so that the force of the spring is overcome when the piston is to be optionally lifted from the valve seat »Since the control device 25 works at pressures not less than the hydrostatic; Is the pressure of the fluid in the borehole? Is a compensation opening 140 in the valve body 132 for connecting the

Space in the cylinder 136 is provided above the piston 137 with the container 112. A valve member 141 can be on the Seat 133 and is connected to the piston 137 by a vertical pin 142 which slidably in an axial bore 143 is arranged in the piston. A spring 144 is located in the axial bore 143 a selected spring force by which the valve member 141 is pressed onto the valve seat 133 in the rest position.

In the working position according to FIG. 2A, the control valve 128, like the valve 129, simply works as in the idle state closed check valve. This means that the hydraulic fluid in this working position is only reversed Direction from outlet 135 to inlet 134 can flow if the pressure at the outlet is sufficiently greater than that Inlet pressure is so that the valve member 141 is raised from the valve seat 133 against the predetermined closing pressure of the spring 144 will. On the other hand, if sufficient flow pressure is applied to the control port 139 to control the As piston 137 lifts, opposing shoulders at location 145 on pin 142 and the piston engage and lift the valve member 141 from the valve seat 133.

According to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the control valve 130, like the valve 131, is constructed similarly to the control valve 128, with the exception that in the first-mentioned control valve, the valve member 146 is preferably rigidly connected to the associated actuating piston 147. Therefore, like valve 131, control valve 130 does not alternately have a reverse flow check function and is simply a normally closed pressure operated valve for selectively controlling flow communication between inlet and outlet ports 148 and 149 . Again, the hydraulic pressure is at

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which the control valve 130 as well as the valve 1-31 should selectively open by the predetermined strength controlled by the spring 150, which in the rest state the valve member 146 pushes into the closed position.

The "set" line 119 downstream of the test valve 123 exists from a low pressure section 151 with a branch passage 152 which is connected to the inlet of the valve 130 and a other branch channel 153, which is connected to the inlet of the valve is connected and the hydraulic fluid optionally supplies a high pressure section 154 of the line 119, which itself ends at the fluid inlet of control valve 131. To supply the hydraulic fluid from the low pressure section 151 to the high pressure section 154 of line 119 is between the low pressure section and the control opening of the valve 128, a pressure connection line 155 is connected »As long as the pressure of the. Hydraulic fluid in the low pressure section of line 119 remains below the predetermined actuation pressure, which is required to open the control valve 128 is the high pressure section 154 of the low pressure section 151 isolated. Conversely, when the hydraulic pressure in the low-pressure line 151 reaches the predetermined actuation pressure of the valve 128, the control valve is activated opens and allows the hydraulic fluid to flow into the high pressure line 154.

The control valves 130 and 131 are arranged in such a way that that they optionally connect the low pressure and high pressure sections 151 and 154 of line 119 to the fluid reservoir 112 connect. For this purpose, the control openings of the two valves 130 and 131 are each connected to the "retraction" line 120 connected by pressure lines 156 and 157. Whenever the pressure in the retraction line 120 reaches the predetermined values, the valves 130 and 131 are opened so that they

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optionally connect the two sections 151 and 154 of the line to the container 112 through the return line 117, which is connected to the corresponding fluid outlets of the two control valves.

In FIGS. 2A through 2B, the formation tester is 20 and the subsurface portion of the control device 25 shown in the position in which the individual assemblies in the original or are in the withdrawn operating position of the device. At this point are the anchor member 50 and the sealing ring 53 is withdrawn to the envelope body 28 of the device, so that the passage of the device 20 into the borehole 21 is facilitated will. To prepare the device 20 for lowering into the borehole 21, the switches 33 and 34 in their second or "trip" positions 36 are moved. Then it will be the hydraulic pump 110 is put into operation so that the pressure in the line 120 rises to the maximum pressure in order to ensure that the sealing ring 53 and the anchor member 50 are fully withdrawn. Valves 122 and 127 are opened instantly when the pump 110 starts operating until the pump motor 111 reaches its operating speed has reached. At this point in time, the control valve 88 is open and the part of the flow line 81 is open between the closed control valve 85 and the inlet device 30 fills with the fluid of the Boreholes at the hydrostatic pressure in the depths in which the device 20 is then located.

When operating the device 20, it is only necessary that the control switches 33 and 34 (FIG. 1) are selectively brought into one or more of their different switching positions 35 to 40. When the device 20 is at a selected depth, the switches 33 and 34 are indexed to their third positions 37. To this

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At this point in time, the pump 110 has been stopped so that switching the switch 33 to its "set position ¹¹ 37" actuates the pump again so that an increased pressure is generated in the set line. Again, the valves 122 and 127 are opened immediately so that the motor 111 can reach its full speed before the control device 25 begins to use the device 20. As indicated schematically by curve 158 in FIG after the pump 110 has reached the desired operating speed, as the pressure increases, the controller 25 operates sequentially at selected intermediate pressures indicated by the letters A through D in FIG.

Referring to Figure 4, there are selected portions of the controller 25 and the various components of the formation tester 20 is shown schematically in order to describe the operation of the device approximately at the time in which the pressure in the hydraulic line 113 reached the lowest operating pressure "A" according to FIG To make the device 20 and the control device 25 easier to understand, only those are actual in FIG Components involved in this process are shown.

Since the control switch 33 (FIG. 1) is in the third position 37, the solenoid valves 121 and 127 are open. Since the hydraulic pressure has not reached the upper determined by the pressure switch 124 pressure limit in the reset line 119, the pump motor 111. Since that is closed in Fig. 4, not shown, control valve 128, the high-pressure portion 154 of the conduit 119 nor from the low-pressure section 151 separated. At the same time "the hydraulic fluid in the front pressure chambers of the

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Piston / cylinder assemblies 51, 52, 55 and 56 according to FIGS 159 is pressed into the line 120 and into the container 112 through the opened solenoid valve 127 returned. As a result, the anchoring member 50 and the sealing ring 53 are in opposite lateral Directions shifted outward until each of these parts is tightly engaged with the opposite sides of the borehole 21 has moved.

From Fig. 4 it can be seen that the hydraulic fluid through branch lines 160 and 161 into the annular chamber to the rear of the enlarged diameter portion 64 of the inlet member 57 is let in. Simultaneously hydraulic fluid is supplied from the piston chamber 66 in front of the section 64 by means of the branch lines 162 and 163 to the Line 120 discharged to progressively move the inlet member 57 forward with respect to the sealing ring 53 until the nose of the inlet member engages the wall of the borehole 21 and then stops. The sealing ring 53 is then pushed forward toward the now stopped tubular member 57 until the sealing ring engages the wall of the borehole and isolates the isolated wall portion from the fluids of the borehole.

Although the pressure fluid also at this point in time in the front piston chamber 77 between the sealing members 73 and 75 can get on the valve member 67, the valve member is temporarily prevented from moving rearwardly with respect to of the inner and outer pipe members 57 and 58 moved since the control valve 129, not shown in FIG. 4, is still is closed, so that temporarily the pressure fluid in the rear piston chamber 76 to the rear of the valve member is included. The following is the significance of this delay in the return of the valve member 67 explained.

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As can also be seen from Fig. 4, the pressure fluid in the low pressure section 151 of the line 119 also through a branch line 164 to the cylinder 104 of the pressure reducing device 102 headed. As a result, the piston 106 is raised with respect to the body 103, as the over hydraulic fluid located on piston 105 to the retraction line 120 is returned through a branch line 165. By lifting the piston 106 in the chamber 107 with the reduced diameter, the originally existing pressure in the isolated sections of the branch pipe becomes 101 and the flow line 81 between the still closed Control valve 85 and the control valves 86 and 87, which are still closed and not shown in FIG. 4 degraded. The purpose of this pressure reduction is explained below.

After the anchor member 50, the sealing ring 53 and the inlet member 57 have reached their extended positions as shown in FIG., The hydraulic pressure of the pump 110 increases again according to curve 158 in FIG. After the pressure in the output line 113 has reached the second value "B" of the Operating pressure has been reached, the control valve 129 opens due to this increased pressure and is now the hydraulic fluid previously enclosed in the chamber 76 is returned to the rear of the valve member 67 the container 112.

After the control valve 129 has opened, the pressure fluid from the rear piston chamber 76 is through the Branch lines 166 and 167 passed to the retraction line 120, as pressurized fluid from the line 119 into the piston chamber 77 occurs in front of the section 72 with an enlarged diameter of the valve member 67. This shifts that Valve member 67 rearward with respect to inlet member 57

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and provides fluid or pressure communication between the isolated portion of the earth formation 22 and the Flow passages 69 and 71 in the valve member through the filter screen 80.

As can be seen from FIGS. 2A and 2B, but not from FIG. 5, the control valves 85-87 were originally closed to the lower portion of the line 81 between isolate these valves and the branch line 101 to the pressure reducing device 102. The pressure equalization Serving control valve 88 is still open at the point in time at which control valve 129 opens to retract valve member 67 as shown in FIG. Therefore, when the valve member 67 progressively closes the filter screen 80 releases, fluids of the borehole become at a pressure greater than that of any fossil Fluid, which may be in the isolated earth formation 22, as indicated by arrow 168 in the upper portion the conduit 81 and through the flexible conduit 82 into the rear end of the tubular member 70 directed. Since these fluids reach the annular space 78 around the filter screen 80 under high pressure, they are under Pressure is released as indicated by arrows 169 from the forward end of inlet member 57 so as to clog any Wash away materials such as mud cake or the like that have accumulated on the inner surface of the filter screen could have »when the valve member 67 releases the sieve for the first time. Therefore, the control device 35 causes that an instantaneous flow of the wellbore fluids arises, clearing the screen 80 of undesirable Cleans residues before sampling or testing is initiated.

After the various components of the formation tester 20 and the control device 25 are in their respective positions

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have reached functions according to FIG. 5, the hydraulic pressure increases in the output line 113 rapidly from the operating level "B" to the operating level "C", see below. As can be seen from FIG. After the pump 110 increases the pressure in the output line 113 has increased to the predetermined level "C", the control valve 128 opens as shown in FIG. 6A. Opening the control valve 128 now causes hydraulic fluid to enter the high pressure section 154 of line 119 and two branch lines 170 and 171 is pumped, which with this to the subsequent closing of the control valve 88 and then to open the Control valve, 85 are connected »

In this manner, indicated by various arrows at 172 and 173, the hydraulic fluid is supplied with a ^{pressure corresponding to the value n} C "by means of a check valve 174 in the upper section of the cylinder 175 of the control valve 88, which is open in the idle state, when the fluid is fed from its lower section by means of a Line 176, which is connected to the retraction line 120. This closes the valve member 100 and breaks the connection between the flow line 81 and the borehole fluids outside the device 20. At the same time, the hydraulic fluid is admitted into the lower portion of the cylinders 91 of the control valve 85 When the spring 99 for the normally open control valve 88 is set to a value slightly smaller than that of the spring 93 for the normally closed control valve 85, the second valve is instantly held in its closed position until the first valve had time to close. After the valve 88 is closed, the hydraulic fluid enters the lower portion of the cylinder 91 of the control valve 85, and the valve member 94 is opened when the hydraulic fluid flows from the upper portion of the cylinder through a check valve 177 and a branch return line

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is pumped back, which is connected to the line 120.

When device 20 is in the position shown in FIG. 6A, conduit 81 is isolated from the fluids of the borehole / and is in communication with the isolated portion of the earth formation 22 by the flexible conduit 82. As was apparent from the explanation of Fig. 4, the branch line 101 as well as the section of the main line became between the control valve 85 and the control valves 86 and 87 by the upward movement of the piston 106 previously expanded in the chamber 107 with reduced volume. Therefore, when the control valve 85 the isolated portion of the earth formation 22 will quickly come into communication with the space that is temporarily diminished Has pressure and is represented by the previously isolated sections of flow line 81 and branch line 101 will.

Should there be any fossil fluids in the isolated earth formation 22, the formation pressure will cause that these fluids pass through the inlet device 30 into the flow line up to the point in time at which the aforementioned lower portion of the flow line 81 and the branch line 101 are filled and pressure equalization is achieved again in the entire flow line. By means of a standard pressure transducer 179 (or one or more transducers, if desired) in flow line 81 may include one or more Measurements of the properties of the fossil fluids and the formation 22 to the surface by a Conductor 180 transmitted and optionally recorded by a recording device 26 according to FIG. The pressure measurements by transmitter 179 allow the surface operator to quickly determine formation pressure and one or more indications of the possible productivity of the formation 22 to be obtained. There are

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various methods of analyzing formation pressures known, and these do not need to be explained here.

The operator can also use the pressure transducer 179 use the measurements obtained and reliably determine whether the sealing ring 53 is actually a complete Seals against earth formation 22 so that the fluids of the borehole are prevented from to enter the front end of the inlet member 57. Any inadequate sealing of the sealing ring 53 indicates the wall of the borehole 21 is quickly recognized because the formation pressures expected in the earth formation 22 are lower than the hydrostatic pressure of the fluids of the wellbore at the particular depth at which the Device 20 is then currently located. Through this possibility the operator can check the seal retract the anchor member 50 and sealing ring 53 immediately, without unnecessarily removing the rest of the whole To have to wait for the operational sequence.

Assuming the measurements made by the pressure transducer 179 show that the sealing ring 53 is tight, so the operator can keep the formation testing device 20 in the position shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B leave as desired to take pressure measurements and record. For example, the operator can determine the time it takes until The formation pressure creates equilibrium and it can speed up the pressure increase and thereby make a valuable contribution Information about various properties of the earth formation 22, for example about the permeability and Porosity can be obtained. With the novel device, the operator can quickly determine whether this is guaranteed is that a flow agent sample can be taken.

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From Fig. 6B it is particularly evident that because of the relatively little fortified formation 22, the rearward Movement of the valve member 67 together with the forward movement of the inlet member 57 only loosely Formation material can get into the inlet member, by the displacement of the inlet member in the formation have been moved. This means that the inlet member 57 for the fluid in the formation 22 only through the displacement of loose formation materials can penetrate. Because of the backward movement of the valve member 67 open space is the only space available into which these loose formation materials can enter, Further erosion of the formation materials is halted after the inlet limb is filled with loose materials has been. On the other hand, if a set of formation under investigation is relatively compacted, the advance will be of the inlet member 57 can be relatively small and its nose gets little or no into the isolated earth formation penetration. Of course, the nose of the inlet member 57 will be sufficiently outward for the fluid Pressure pressed so that it penetrates at least through the mud cake, which usually the borehole walls next lines the permeable earth formations. In this situation is the forward movement of the inlet member 57 not coordinated with the rearward movement of the valve member 67 when this is the filter screen 80 releases. In either case, sudden opening of valve 85 will cause the mud cake to reverse of the screen 80 is pulled and the screen is cleaned for subsequent passage of the fluids.

After the various components of the device 20 and the control device 25 are in their respective positions have been moved according to FIGS. 6A and 6B? the hydraulic pressure rises again up to the point in time at which & m

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the pressure switch 124 becomes effective and the hydraulic pump 110 stops. Since the pressure switch 124 has a selected operating range (as at 181) and its lower threshold is preferably not less than the operating pressure "C", it follows that in the typical case the pump 110 is stopped shortly after the control valve 88 closes and the control valve 85 opens «At this Point of the operating period of the format checker a decision can be made about whether a or multiple samples of the fossil fluids in the 'earth formation 22 are to be taken, if one from ™ A sufficient number of pressure measurements has been made. If such samples are not desired, the operator can simply operate switches 33 and 34 and. retract anchor member 50 and sealing ring 53. .

On the other hand, should the removal of a fluid sample be desired, the control switches 33 and are moved to the so-called sample position 38 according to FIG of the cylinder 183 of the control valve 86 for the sample chamber can arrive. According to FIG. 7, this opens the control valve 86, so that fossil fluids are admitted into the sample chamber 31 in the direction of the arrows 184 through the line 81 and the branch line 83. If necessary, an ^M chamber ^selector switch 185 in the surface section of the device 25 can also be switched from its position 186 "first sample" to position 187 "second sample" according to FIG also admit fossil fluids into the other sample chamber 32. In either case, one or more samples of the fluids,

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which are located in the isolated portion of the earth formation, optionally extracted by the novel device 20 will. If the device 20 is to be reoriented in the borehole 21 to take pressure measurements of Another "formation, for example at the point 23, allows the control device 25 of the Operator to reserve the sample chamber 32 for a sample from this formation.

The novel control device 25 works in such a way that the hydraulic pump 110 never occurs during longer time intervals is in operation. According to FIG. 3, the pump 110 quickly reaches its maximum operating pressure according to the setting of the pressure switch 124. The pump 110 is then stopped and remains in this state until the sample chambers 31 and 32 are to be closed and the anchoring member 50 and the sealing ring 53 are withdrawn should be. At this point, the engine 111 is restarted by turning the control switches 33 and 34 on so-called "sampling ^ positions 39 are moved to the Start pump 110 again. The control valves 122 and 123 open momentarily, leaving the pump 110 at its operating speed before they are closed again. The check valve 123 again prevents one Flow reversal of the pressurized hydraulic fluid, which is then contained in line 119. After the pump 110 has reached operating speed, it operates in essentially the same manner previously discussed with reference to FIG. According to 8 the hydraulic pressure in the output line 113 rises again according to curve 189, and instantaneous results result Stopping points at different operating levels "W" to "Z", which represent the different operating positions of the Device according to Figures 9 to 11 correspond.

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When the control switches 33 and 34 have been turned to their "sample catch" positions 39, the solenoid valve 122 opens and allows the hydraulic fluid to ^{flow into the "retraction line 11"} 120. The electrical conductor 41 switches the pressure switch 125 on and the pressure switch 126 switched off, so that in this position the control switches 33 and 34, the maximum operating pressure that the pump 110 can originally reach, is limited to the pressure "W ¹¹ , which is determined by the pressure switch 125. Since the control valve 131 opens at a hydraulic pressure that. corresponds to the predetermined pressure with the value "W ^w ", the hydraulic fluid in the high pressure section 154 of the "setting line ¹¹ " is returned to the container 112 through the return line 117. When the hydraulic fluid in the high pressure section 154 is returned to the container 112, the pressure in this section of the line 119 decreases rapidly and the control valve 128 is closed as soon as the pressure in this line is no longer sufficient to keep the valve open. After the control valve 128 is closed, the pressure existing in the low-pressure section 151 of the line 119 remains at a reduced value which, however, is sufficient to keep the anchoring member 50 and the sealing ring 53 in the spread position »

When the hydraulic fluid is discharged from the lower portion of the cylinder 183 through the solenoid valve 182 still open and the fluid from the "retreat line ¹¹ 120" enters the upper portion of the cylinder through branch line 190, the chamber control valve closes and captures the fossil fluid sample which are then located in the sample chamber 31. If such a sample is also located in the other sample chamber 32, the control valve 87 can also be closed quickly in a similar manner by pressing the switch 185 to

■ '- 409824/0331

fetched opening of the solenoid valve 188 is closed. That Closing the control valve 86 and the valve 87 causes the samples to be held in one or the other sample chamber 31 or 32.

After the control valve 86 and, if necessary, the control valve 87 have been closed again, the control switches 33 and 34 are moved to their next "retraction" switch positions 40, so that the anchoring member 50 and the sealing ring 53 are simultaneously retracted. In this last position of the control circuits 33 and 34, the pressure switch 125 is switched off again and the pressure switch 126 is switched on so that the hydraulic pump 110 can now be operated with the predetermined capacity and hydraulic pressures above the value "W" reached. After the pressure switch 125 has been turned off once, the pressure switch 126, as shown in FIG. 8, causes the pump 110 to operate and the pressure to ^{rise rapidly to the operating pressure W} X ".

At this point, according to Pig. IO the hydraulic fluid with the pressure "Χ" in the direction of the arrows 191 through the retraction line 120 and the branch line 176 for repeatedly opening the control valve 88 for pressure equalization directed so that the fluids of the borehole flow into the flow line 81 in the direction of arrows 192 can. Opening the pressure equalization valve 88 allows the downhole fluids to enter the isolated space, which is defined by the sealing ring 53, so that the pressure difference on the sealing ring is canceled. the Hydraulic fluid displaced from the upper section of the piston chamber 175 of the valve 88 is released by means of a check valve 193 derived, which only responds if the pressure is greater than or equal to the operating pressure "X" «

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Die'aus the piston chamber 175 through a pressure relief valve 193 Displaced hydraulic fluid is provided to reservoir 112 through branch line 170, high pressure section 154 of FIG Line 119, the still open control valve 131 and the return line 117 are returned.

11 shows the operating state of the formation testing device 20, in which the hydraulic pressure in the output line 113 has either reached the operating level "Υ" or, if desired, a higher value ^M Z ^M (FIG. 8). At this point, the pressure fluid in the line 120 opens the control valve 130 again and connects the low pressure section 151 of the line 119 to the container 112. When this occurs, the hydraulic fluid in the retraction line can enter the “retraction side ^{11 of} the various piston / cylinder assemblies 51, 52 , 55 and 56 according to arrows 195. In a similar way, the pressure fluid can also enter the annular space 66 in front of the piston section 64 of enlarged diameter and reset the inlet member 57. It can also flow into the annular space 76 and the valve member 67 into its front The hydraulic fluid withdrawn from the various piston / cylinder assemblies 51, 52, 55 and 56 and piston chambers 65 and 77 is returned directly to reservoir 112 through high pressure section 151 of line 119 and control valve 130. This causes anchor member 50 as well the sealing ring 53 to the enveloping body 28 z so that the device 20 is either reoriented in the borehole 21 or returned to the surface when no further testing is desired.

Although, as shown in FIG. 10, an operating pressure on the upper portion of the cylinder 91 for the control valve 85 in the Acts time in which the control valve 88 again

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opens, a pressure relief valve that is closed in the idle state becomes 194, which is parallel to the check valve 177, held in a closed position until the increasing hydraulic pressure developed by pump 110 exceeds the operating level ("Y" or "Z") required to return the Anchoring member 50 and the sealing ring 53 is used. At this point in the sequence of operation of the device 20, the Control valve 85 is closed again, which is not shown in FIG. 11.

The pump 110 continues to work until the hydraulic pressure in the output line 113 reaches the upper limit value, which is determined by the setting of the pressure switch 126. The control switches 33 and 34 are then returned to their original positions 35 and stop the further operation of the pump motor 111 and open the solenoid valve 127 again so that the retraction line 120 is reconnected to the container 112. Through this the preferred order of operations of the novel formation tester 20 is completed.

The device 20 can therefore carry out one or more testing or sampling processes, if this is desired, without having to be removed from the well 21 between operations. Due to the versatility of the control device 25, the operator can understand the behavior of the device 20 in a given testing or sampling operation check so that either changes can be made which are caused by the various conditions in the Borehole may be required, or the process can be terminated without further loss of time if necessary. So this flexibility results in considerable advantages.

Although the device 20 will operate as a rule in the manner described above, in order to produce a series of pressure measurements

409824/0331

and obtaining one or more fluid samples, unexpected or undesirable conditions may also arise which could result in the successful completion of the particular test procedure or prevent the taking of samples. For example, it happens that the sealing ring 53 from the one or any other reason does not result in a complete seal with the wall of the borehole 21. This state makes measurements of formation pressure or obtaining representative fluid samples because the fluids of the Simply enter the borehole into the inlet device 30 if testing or sampling continues will.

This condition is recognized quickly, however, since the flow line 81 originally carried fluid from the borehole is filled (Figs. 2A, 2B and 4). Thereby the pressure transducer 179 shows the hydrostatic pressure of the fluids of the borehole. When the control switches 33 and 34 are moved to their third positions 37 in order to "set" the device 20 and the output pressure of the pump reaches the value "B", the control valve 129 opens the Inlet means 30 when the valve member 67 moves rearward so that the formation 22 in communication with the flow line 81 occurs. (Fig. 5) After the pump 113 has reached the pressure value "C" according to FIG. 6A, closes the equalizing valve 88 and the control valve 85 opens again, so that a connection between the section with reduced pressure of the flow line 81 and the inlet device 30 is made quickly. In this case, only one of three events can be considered throw. If a substantial pressure drop is determined at a measuring device 26 on the surface, which a pressure rise on a the usual value for formation pressures follows, then it can be be concluded that the sealing ring 53 seals the wall of the borehole 21 and the formation 22 is permeable

409824/0331

and the sequence of the test process and the sampling in the manner described above is guaranteed to the type of Investigate the formation and its fluid.

On the other hand, if the pressure in the flow line 81 does not drop and instead remains at the same value, it follows that the sealing ring 53 does not properly seal the wall of the borehole 21 and the fluid of the borehole into the nose of the inlet member 57. If, on the other hand, the pressure in the flow line 81 falls but does not rise to a reasonable extent, it follows that either the formation examined does not is productive or that the inlet device 30 is clogged in spite of the flushing process shown in FIG. In each In this case, it is useless to continue with the test process or the sampling. The control switches 33 and 34 are simply shifted over the positions 38 and 39 into their switching positions 40. According to FIGS. 10 and 11, this reverses the device 20 to its original position (FIGS. 2A and 2B) back so that one or more attempts are made may after the device has been moved to a better position with respect to the formation at 22 if possible is. This enables the operator to better determine whether the formation is indeed not productive or whether the inlet device is 30 was only temporarily blocked.

The versatility of the improved apparatus 20 is also evident from the fact that the operator is still performing the testing process or interrupt the sampling at a later point in time, even if the sealing ring 53 turns is firmly engaged with the wall of the borehole 21. For example, assume that device 20 is in the test position according to FIGS. 6A and 6B is located. When the pressure measurements made by pressure transducer 179 indicate, that more than one fluid sample is obtained

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should, the switches 33 and 34 are simply in their respective Scanning positions at 38 moved, - and the switch 185 is actuated in the required manner so that at least one sample according to FIG. 7 in the above-described Way captures. On the other hand, if the results of these pressure measurements are not encouraging, the operator again has the switches 33 and 34 over theirs Switch positions 38 and 39 away directly into the retraction positions 40. The device 2O can either be realigned again with respect to the formation 22 or moved to another formation interval 23 or returned to the surface.

Through the interaction of the device 20 and the control device 25 one or more tests or samples can be carried out without undue loss of time, if the fluid inlet means 30 is not isolated in communication with a selected formation or if the formation shows little or no productivity. Due to the different pressure sensitive Control valves, which respond at selected pressure values, the device 20 can optionally in any the operating positions can be brought with a minimum of switching operations.

In summary, it is a corded formation tester with a pressure sensitive Inlet means for fluid and an anchoring means. These facilities are on an enveloping body the device for selectively anchoring the device in a position in a borehole arranged to at least obtain a measurement or fluid sampling from a subterranean earth formation. Furthermore, one is optional actuatable hydraulic pump, provided by several optionally actuatable hydraulic valves with a pressure-sensitive

409824/0331

lichen device so / ie is connected to several pressure-sensitive control valves for the flow · Since each the control valve is arranged and constructed in such a way that it only responds at certain hydraulic pressures the novel device is stepped to take selected measurements and, if desired, one or more Sampling the formation fluids from one or more formation intervals prior to removal of the device to get out of the borehole.

409824/0331

Claims (36)

Claims 1. Formation testing device, which is in an earth formation traversing borehole can be suspended and an enveloping body with a fluid passage for receiving fossil fluids and a fluid inlet device on the enveloping body which is connected to the fluid passageway and can be brought into engagement with each other with the wall of the borehole to isolate a part the wall opposite the fluid from the borehole, characterized in that a first pressure-responsive device (52, 51, 55 and 56) is provided on the enveloping body (28) and on a first operating pressure (A) with a selected one Size responds and presses the inlet means (30) for the fluid against the wall (21) of the borehole and communicating with the earth formations (22, 23), a second pressure responsive device (85, 86, 87) has operating layers on the enveloping body, in which the flow can be passed or interrupted, and the flow of fluid in the Passage (79) opposite the fluid inlet device (30) controls and at a second operating pressure (B) with a different value in one of the operating switches states and a drive device (110, 111) on the enveloping body with the first and second connected to pressure-sensitive facilities and optionally one after the other at least first and second operating pressures for actuating the first and second Pressure responsive devices generated in a predetermined order. 409824/0331 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the second operating pressure (B) is greater than the first operating pressure (A). 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a transducer (179) on the Enveloping body (28) in connection with the fluid passage (79) arranged to measure at least one characteristic value of the fossil fluids is. 4. Device · according to claim 3, characterized in that the transducer is a pressure transducer is. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first pressure-responsive device is actuated at a third operating pressure (C) with a selected size and moves the fluid inlet device (30) away from the borehole wall (21), so that communication with the earth formation (22) is broken, the second pressure responsive device is actuated by a fourth actuation pressure of a selected value and controls the flow of fluids in the fluid passage (79) opposite the inlet device (30) and into the other Switches operating position and the drive device contains an actuating element on the enveloping body (28) and provides a fluid in a range of different output pressures and a control device (25) that can be selectively actuated from the surface connects a pressure fluid from the actuating element to the pressure-responsive devices and the one letting device (30) is moved step by step and regulates the flow of the fluid in the dsm passage (75) according to the successive changes in the output pressures to a predetermined pressure. 409824/0331 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the third operating pressure (C)
is greater than the first operating pressure (A). 7. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the fourth operating pressure (D)
is greater than the second operating pressure (B). 8. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the third and fourth operating pressures (C, D) are each greater than the first and second Operating pressures (A, B) are. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized characterized in that the second pressure responsive device is one with the flow passage (79) contains associated valve device. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the * first pressure-responsive device contains a first piston which is for displacement to a borehole wall (21)
one acting on one end of the first piston
Differential pressure is arranged and is withdrawn from the borehole wall at a pressure acting on the other end of the first piston, the second pressure-responsive device comprises a valve which is displaceable between an open position and a blocking position and with the flow passage (79) and a second Piston (55, 56) is connected with
the valve (67) is connected and the valve is optionally in the one operating position at one end
of the second piston acting differential pressure is shifted and the valve is moved into the other operating position at a differential pressure acting on the other end of the second piston and a drive device 409824/0331 a hydraulic actuator on the enveloping body (28) and a pump (110) which is selectively actuatable from the surface and a Hydraulic fluid at progressively increasing pressures over a selected range of operating pressures outputs, a first hydraulic line is connected to one end of the first piston, a second hydraulic line is connected to the other end of the first piston and to the other end of the second piston and a third hydraulic line connected to the one end of the second piston, a first control device in the case of a first operating period of the pump, optionally the first hydraulic line with the output the pump and connects the second hydraulic line to the inlet of the pump and the first piston extends when the pump initially supplies hydraulic fluid at the first selected operating pressure delivers to the first hydraulic line, a second control device only in the event of a further increase of the fluid pressure up to a second selected operating pressure in the first hydraulic line responds via the first selected operating pressure and the first hydraulic line with the third hydraulic line connects and supplies the hydraulic fluid to one end of the second piston only as long as the fluid pressure in the first hydraulic line is not less than the first selected pressure value, a third control device optionally the second hydraulic line during a second operating cycle of the pump (110) connects to the pump outlet and the third hydraulic line connects the hydraulic fluid to the pump inlet at a third selected pressure value to the other end of the second piston and a fourth control device only in my further one Increase in the fluid pressure in the second hydraulic line above the third selected pressure value responds and the first hydraulic line with the pump 409824/0331 inlet connects only as long as the fluid pressure in the second hydraulic line is not lower than the third selected pressure level. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first on pressure The responsive device comprises a first piston which extends to a borehole wall at one end of the first piston acting differential pressure can be extended and that of the borehole wall at a differential pressure acting on the other end of the first piston is retractable, the second pressure-responsive device between an open position and has a closed position movable valve which is connected to the fluid passage, and a second piston is connected to the valve and the valve is optionally in the one operating position accordingly a differential pressure acting on one end of the second piston moves and the valve selectively in the different operating situation with one on the other linde des second piston acting differential pressure moves, the drive device a hydraulic actuator on the enveloping body (28) and an optionally actuatable from the surface pump (110) which delivers a hydraulic fluid over a predetermined range of operating pressures at increasing pressures, a first hydraulic line with one end of the first piston and with one end of the second Piston is connected and a second hydraulic line is connected to the other end of the piston, one first control device optionally the first hydraulic line during a first operating cycle of the pump with the outlet of the pump and the second hydraulic line connects to the inlet of the pump, so that the first piston is extended when the pump first selected a hydraulic fluid at the first 409824/0331 Outputs operating pressure to the first hydraulic line, the second control device only with a further one Increase in the fluid pressure up to a second selected operating pressure in the first Hydraulic line responds to the first selected operating pressure and the second hydraulic line to the other end of the second piston connects and from. this only takes up hydraulic fluid as long as the Fluid pressure in the first hydraulic line is not less than the first selected pressure, the third control device during a second operating cycle of the pump for the optional connection of the second Hydraulic line responds to the pump outlet and the hydraulic fluid is preselected at a third Pressure level supplies the other end of the second piston and the fourth control device only at a further Increase in the fluid pressure in the second hydraulic line above the third selected Responds to the pressure level and connects the first hydraulic line to the pump inlet only as long as the Fluid pressure in the second hydraulic line is not less than the third selected pressure value. 12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that a sample collection device (31, 32) is provided with the fluid passage downstream of the valve. 13. Apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that a control device can be operated optionally from the surface and the access of the hydraulic fluid from the third hydraulic line to one end of the second piston controls. 14. Device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the valve between 409824/0331 Operating positions is movable and one position is the open position and the other position is the closed position for the current. 15. The device according to claim 9 and one of the claims 1 to 6 or claim 11, characterized in that the inlet device (30) is a tubular hair dryer Having fluid guiding member connected to the flow passage and the second on Pressure responsive device is arranged on the tubular member and the fluid flow controls between the tubular member and the passage. 16. The apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that the inlet device (30) for the fluid comprises a sealing member (53) disposed on the tubular member and for Sealing against the borehole wall (21) is determined. 17. Apparatus according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the fluid leading member has a forward tubular portion with a fluid inlet that engages with the wall of the borehole, and on one wall of the member a filter (80) between the Fluid inlet and the passage is arranged and the valve is arranged coaxially in the member Valve member for movement between one advanced position within the front section to the other Operating position and in a retracted position in the one operating position, and the filter uncovered and forms a space for receiving the material coming into the front tubular section. 18. The device according to claim 9 and one of the claims 1 to 8 and 10, characterized in that 409824/0331 that the valve having a test line portion of the passage downstream of the fluid inlet means connected is. 19. The device according to claim 9 and one of the claims 1 to 6 and 10 or 11, characterized in that that a fluid sample chamber (31, 32) on the enveloping body (28) is connected to the fluid passage and the valve controls the flow of fluid from the passage to the sample chamber. 20. Device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that. that the valve between is movable in different positions and one position is the blocking position and the other is the opening position for the Fluid is. 21. The device according to claim 9, one of claims 1 to 8 and claim 10, characterized in that the valve controls the flow in the passage between a opening connecting the passage to the fluids of the borehole and the inlet means (30) controls. 22. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized characterized in that a third pressure responsive device is coupled to the drive device (110) and is responsive to a fifth operating pressure at a selected value generated by the drive means is generated and is different from the first and second operating pressures, so that a Connection between the inlet device (30) and the fluid passage in a first operating position opened and the connection is closed in the second operating position. 409824/0331 23. The device according to claim 22, characterized in that the fifth operating pressure is greater than the first operating pressure and the second operating pressure is greater than the fifth operating pressure. 24. Apparatus according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the second on Pressure responsive device one with the fluid passage Has connected valve which is closed in one position and opened in the other position and the flow of fluids from the borehole into the passage to the: inlet means (3.0) can get. 25. The device according to claim 22 or 23, with a sample collection device from the enveloping body, which is connected to the fluid passage, thereby marked that the second is on pressure appealing device has a valve which the passage with the sample collection device (31, 32) in which connects one operating position and interrupts in the other operating position. 26. Apparatus according to claim 5 and 25, characterized in that the control device the pressurized fluid from the actuator to the third pressure responsive device connects and a valve on the enveloping body (28) is provided, the 'from the surface of the fluid connection between the second pressure responsive device and the actuator controls. 27. The apparatus of claim 22 or 23, characterized characterized in that the third pressure responsive means is responsive to a sixth operating pressure of a selected magnitude determined by 409824/0331
ßAD OFUOJNAL the drive device is generated and the connection closes in the second operating position. 28. Apparatus according to claim 25 and 27, characterized in that the second operating pressure is greater than the third operating pressure and the third operating pressure is greater than the first operating pressure. 29. Apparatus according to claim 25 and 27, characterized in that the sixth operating pressure is greater than the fifth operating pressure and the fifth operating pressure is greater than the fourth operating pressure. 30. Apparatus according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the third on pressure responsive means a third valve on the inlet means (30) to control the connection between a fluid inlet on the inlet means and the fluid passage and the second pressure responsive device a second: downstream of the third valve on the fluid passage contains arranged valve for opening the passage in the one operating position, so that fluid can pass through the passage and in the other operating position this passage is blocked will. 31. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the first pressure responsive means includes a piston which is in Can be extended towards the borehole wall when a differential pressure acts on one end of the piston and that is drawn back from the borehole wall at a differential pressure acting on the other end of the piston 409824/0331 the second pressure responsive device includes a first valve connected to the passage and between an opening position in which the fluid of the borehole enters the passage can reach, and a closed position is movable, in which the entry of the fluid of the borehole is blocked in the passage, a first piston actuator connected to the first valve and the first valve is in its closed position at one end of the first piston actuating device acting differential pressure moves and optionally the first valve in the open position a differential pressure acting on the other end of the first piston actuation device is moved, a second valve is connected to the fluid passage and between a closed position in which the flow is blocked through the passage, and an opening position can be moved in which the flow can pass through the passage, a second piston actuator connected to the second valve and the second valve is in its open position at one end of the second piston actuation device acting pressure moves and the second valve in its closed position at one on the other The end of the second piston actuation device acting differential pressure moves and the drive device a Hydraulic device on the enveloping body (28) and a pump (110), which optionally from the surface is actuated from and a hydraulic fluid at progressively increasing pressures over a selected one Can deliver range of operating pressures, a first hydraulic line to one end of the piston device is connected, a second hydraulic line to the other end of the piston device and the other Ends of the first and second piston actuators connected, and a third hydraulic line 409824/0331 .. with one ends of the first and second piston actuators connected / a first control device in a first operating cycle of the pump, optionally the first hydraulic line with the The outlet of the pump and the second hydraulic line connects to the inlet of the pump and extends the piston, when the pump first supplies hydraulic fluid to the first hydraulic line at the first selected operating pressure outputs, a second control device only in the event of a further increase in the fluid pressure up to a second operating pressure in the first hydraulic line above the first selected Pressure responds and connects the first hydraulic line to the third hydraulic line and the hydraulic fluid the ends of the first and second piston actuators only until the The fluid pressure in the first hydraulic line is not less than the first selected pressure, a third control device responds to a second operating cycle of the pump and optionally the second Hydraulic line connects to the pump outlet and the third hydraulic line to the pump inlet and the Hydraulic fluid at a third selected pressure to the other ends of the first and second piston actuators supplies and a fourth control device only with a further increase in the Responds to the fluid pressure in the second hydraulic line above the third selected pressure value and the first hydraulic line connects to the inlet of the pump only as long as the fluid pressure in the second hydraulic line is not less than the third selected pressure value. 32. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5 and 22 to 30, characterized in that the first pressure-responsive device a piston actuation 409824/0331 contains means on the enveloping body and at least one piston member, which of the enveloping body at a first operating pressure acting on the calving actuation device can be extended and from a borehole wall is removed when the third operating pressure acts on the piston actuator. 33. Apparatus according to claim 32, characterized in that g e k e η η - ζ e ic h η e t that one is in engagement with the borehole wall standing member is connected to the piston and is anchored by this to the borehole wall when the piston is extended from the enveloping body. 34. Apparatus according to claim 32, characterized in that the device is the fluid inlet device (30) connects to the piston and thereby comes into engagement with the borehole wall, when the piston is extended from the envelope body. 35. Formation gun installed in earth formations traversing borehole can be suspended, characterized in that an enveloping body (28) is provided with a first fluid passage for receiving fossil fluids, a fluid inlet device (30) is arranged on the envelope body and a sample member for Fluid having a tubular front portion which can come into engagement with a borehole wall and its surface from the fluids of the borehole isolated, an optionally actuatable Device aligns the collector link against a borehole wall and provides a connection with earth formations, first means allowing obstructive materials to enter the first fluid passage and has a second fluid passage in the sample member that communicates with the first passage 40982A / Q331 so connected, a filter (80) on one wall of the fluid sampling member between the second Passage and the tubular front section is provided, which clogging materials in the fluid collection member retains the filtered fossil fluids through the filter and enter the second passage, a second device allows the admission of the clogging materials and fossil fluids in the collection chamber controls and has a valve which is arranged coaxially with the collecting member and between an advanced one Position within aes front tubular section that connects to the plenum locks, and a retracted position to the rear of the tubular front portion movable is so that the filter is exposed and a space is formed for receiving the clogging materials, which get into the front tubular section and a valve control device optionally the valve member moves forward and backward between its advanced and retracted layers. 36. A method for testing formations through which a borehole extends, characterized in that that a shell (28) is lowered, which can receive fossil fluids in the borehole and fluid inlet means selectively engaging the wall of the wellbore can get so that part of the wall is isolated from the fluids of the borehole, a first Operating pressure of a selected magnitude is generated so that the inlet means against a wall of the borehole moves and a connection with the earth fonuations below is created and then a second one Operating pressure is generated with a selected different value so that the passage with the inlet 409824/0 331 SV device <3O) is connected after the inlet device made this connection. 409824/0331.