DE2337553A1 - METHOD OF APPLYING SMOKE - Google Patents

Description

9130-73 / Dr.U / L
No. SHO 47-7347O
Piled July 24, 1972

NITTAN COMPANY, LIMITED 1-11-6, Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo / Japan

Process for the consumption of smoke

This invention relates to a new and improved method of absorbing smoke, particularly smoke that emanates from a Fire is generated.

If a fire breaks out in a building, a large amount of smoke is generated and this not only disturbs or prevents access to the escape routes, but also paralyzes fire fighting and rescue activities. It is therefore an important one and labor required to consume or remove smoke from a hearth. Although sometimes a large one Device for extracting the smoke is used, this must first be brought to the place of the fire and wont be too late

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/to
come into use.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved method of consuming smoke without any to create special device.

According to the present invention, an aqueous solution a surfactant is sprayed onto the smoke to cause the smoke particles to settle.

The surfactants which can be used for this purpose are, for example, dialkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfates, Alkyl benzene sulfonates, ricinole ester sulfates, alkyl esters of α-sulfofatty acids, monosodium a-phosphonofenic acid ester, Dialkyl phosphates and polyoxyethylene alkyl sulfates (degree of polyaierization: 2 to 20) as anionic surface-active agents, and polyoxyethylene alkylphenols (degree of polymerization 2 to 20), Polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers (degree of polymerisation 2 to 20) and Tripolyoxyethylene alkyl phosphates (degree of polymerization 2 to 20) as nonionic surfactants. The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the attached Drawing and described in connection with some examples. The only drawing is a diagram showing the Represents smoke absorption factor of the three examples.

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example 1

2 kg of Japanese cedar wood and 2 kg of an acrylic resin sheet
were brought to smoke in an oven and the
The breath produced was introduced into a Kanuner, which had a volume of 8 irr and was provided with a spray nozzle in the middle of the ceiling. The concentration of smoke was measured with respect to time by an absorbance method using a blue silicone cell, and the smoke absorption factor was calculated. The smoke evacuation factor of the present example is represented by curve 1 of the drawing in terms of FIG
Spray time indicated.

Example 2

The experiment was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1, with the exception that a 1 ϊ-ige
aqueous solution of surfactant in place
of the 0.5% solution was used. The smoke consumption factor was measured as shown by curve 2 of the drawing and it was 68 % after 30 seconds and 77 %
after 60 seconds and clearly showed over Example 1
an increase in the smoke-absorbing effect.

Example 3

For comparison purposes, this experiment was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1, with the exception that

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that the same amount of water was used in place of the surfactant solution. The smoke consumption factor was measured as shown by curve 3 of the drawing. More specifically, it was 20 % after 30 seconds and 36 % after 60 seconds, and the effect of the surfactant can be clearly seen in comparison with the previous examples.

Example 4-15

These experiments were carried out under the same conditions as in example 1 carried out, with the exception that 1 £ -ige watery « Solutions of various surfactants listed in the table below were used and the smoke absorption factors after 30 and 60 seconds

displayed / denied in the same way as measured in the same table became.

Example of smoke dissipation Surfactant factor

30 sec. 60 sec.

4 Sodium di-n-hexyl sulfosuccinate 62 74

5 Sodium di-isobutyl-3-methylbutyl-65 77 sulfosuccinate

6 Sodium di-1-methyl-4-ethylhexyl-68 79 sulfosuccinate

7 Sodium Lauryl Sulphate 63 73

8 Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate 65 78

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30 sec. 60 sec. 63 75 61 74 60 74 62 74 63 73 63 75 65 78

Smoke Absorption Example Surfactant Factor

9 Ricinol benzyl sodium sulfate

10 sodium butyl a-sulfolaurate

11 Natriura-amyl-a-phosphonocaprate

12 Polyoxyethylene laurel! Sodium sulphate (Degree of polymerization: 6)

13 polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (degree of polymerization: 10)

14 polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (Degree of polymerization: 6)

15 tripolyoxyethylene nonyl phosphate (degree of polymerization: 10)

It should be expressly noted that the method according to the invention not only consumes smoke, but also toxic ones Can eliminate gases. This effect is explained in the following examples.

example

500 g of polyvinyl chloride resin sheets and 5 kg of Japanese cedar wood were burned with smoke formation and the smoke introduced into the chamber according to Example 1. It became a 1 year old aqueous solution of sodium di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate in sprayed the chamber and the concentration of hydrogen chloride gas eaten by gas chromatography. It was

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found that the concentration of hydrogen chloride rose from a value of 28,000 ppm within 3 minutes a value of 20 ppm was reduced.

Example 17

1 kg of nylon (trade mark) and 5 kg of Japanese cedar wood were burned to form smoke and the smoke was introduced into the chamber of Example 1. It became a 15% aqueous Solution of sodium di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate in the Sprayed into the chamber and the concentrations of hydrogen cyanide and ammonia determined by means of gas chromatography. It it was found that within 3 minutes the concentration of hydrogen cyanide from 1,000 ppm to 15 ppm and the concentration of ammonia was reduced from 4,600 ppm to 30 ppm.

As described above, can thus according to the invention Process Smoke and poisonous gases that arise at the source of the fire can be removed easily and effectively. If also the solution of the surfactant from the outside of the building, for example by a chemical power syringe can be sprayed, however, it is advantageous to provide the solution for protection in the event of an emergency in the building to store even for automatic spraying from fire-fighting showers installed on the ceilings of the rooms.

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Claims (2)

Claims 1. A method for the consumption of smoke, characterized that in the smoke you get a drain Surfactant solution sprays. 2. The method for smoke consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface-active Means dialkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, Ricinol ester sulfates, alkyl esters of ct-sulfo fatty acids, Monosodium a-phosphonofenic acid ester, dialkyl phosphate, Polyoxyäthylenalkylsulfate, Polyoxyäthylenalky lphenole, Polyoxyäthylenalky lather and / or tri-polyoxyäthylenalkjL-phosphate is. 409807/0808 Blank page