US3115158A - Airfoam liquid proportioning system - Google Patents

Airfoam liquid proportioning system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3115158A
US3115158A US176702A US17670262A US3115158A US 3115158 A US3115158 A US 3115158A US 176702 A US176702 A US 176702A US 17670262 A US17670262 A US 17670262A US 3115158 A US3115158 A US 3115158A
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Prior art keywords
foam liquid
water
venturi
valve
pressure
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Expired - Lifetime
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US176702A
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Allan G Sheppard
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Sterling Precision Corp
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Sterling Precision Corp
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0036—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using foam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C27/00—Fire-fighting land vehicles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/02—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/85978—With pump
    • Y10T137/86131—Plural
    • Y10T137/86163—Parallel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
    • Y10T137/87587—Combining by aspiration
    • Y10T137/87643—With condition responsive valve

Definitions

  • This invention has to do with the making of airfoam for fire extinguishing purposes and is concerned specifically with the problem of establishing and ma ntaining correct proportioning of the water and foam liquid 1ngredients in situations such as are experienced, for example, in the case of fire trucks, where a number of dlscharge nozzles may be available, all supplied from the same liquid sources but each individually controlled.
  • Such trucks are commonly provided with a turret nozzle, controlled by an operator on the truck itself, and with a number of hand lines or hoses, each controlled by an operator at the nozzle or discharge end of the line at a station more or less remote from the truck.
  • the principal object of the invention is to provide a system wherein each operator will be assured of discharging, at his particular station, the requisite proportions of ingredients for satisfactory foam production, without conscious attention on his part and without regard to the activity or otherwise of the other operators, at their particular stations.
  • the water and foam liquid supplies are carried in suitable tanks and two pumps are provided, one for supplying the water under pressure and the other for supplying the foam liquid under pressure, both pumps being driven by the truck engine.
  • Centrifugal pumps, governor or othrewise controlled are preferred because they lend themselves to design such that their discharge pressures will vary proportionally, or approximately so, as the engine speed varies.
  • the water pressure and foam liquid pressure are so correlated as to establish, in cooperation with a venturi, predetermined pressure difierentials which are applied to control the discharge of the foam liquid.
  • control is effected by means of any appropriate type of check valve located in the foam supply line and adapted to open in a downstream direction in response to pressure drop in the venturi throat occasioned by liquid flow therethrough.
  • the illustrated system includes water and foam liquid tanks l. and 2 and water and foam liquid pumps 3 and 4, the latter driven by a comman means such as the truck engine 5.
  • the reference numerals 6 and 7 indicate relief valves, as one convenient means of controlling the pump discharge pressures. However controlled, these pressures are so predetermined that the water pressure exceeds the foam liquid pressure.
  • the former might be of the order of 200 psi. and the latter 175 p.s.i.
  • the water supply line 10 is connected to the inlet of a venturi ill, to the outlet of which is coupled a discharge line 12 incorporating a manual shut-off valve 13.
  • a discharge line 12 incorporating a manual shut-off valve 13.
  • the latter may be a nozzle valve located at the discharge end of a hand line as much as 150 or more in length.
  • the foam liquid supply line 14 from pump 4 is connected to the throat of the venturi and in this line is a valve 15. It is diagrammatically shown as a swing check valve, opening in a downstream direction. In other words, this valve is closed when the pressure on its downstream side exceeds that on its upstream side and 3,115,158 Patented Dec. 24, 1963 open when these pressures are reversed.
  • At 16 is indicated a metering orifice.
  • a system for proportioning water and airfoam liquid comprising the combination of a plurality of venturis; a water supply line for each venturi; a discharge line from each venturi incorporating a manual shut-off valve; a foam liquid supply line connected to the throat of each venturi; a check valve in ecah foam liquid supply line adapted to open in a downstream direction; means for supplying water under pressure to the water supply lines, said means adapted to establish a predetermined static pressure in the system when the shut-off valves are closed and a reduced pressure in a venturi throat when the shutoff valve in the discharge line of such venturi is open; and means for supplying foam liquid to the foam liquid supply lines at a pressure less than said static pressure but greater than said reduced pressure, whereby the check valve in any one of the liquid supply lines opens in response to the opening of the shut-off valve in the discharge line of the venturi to which such foam liquid line is connected and closes in response to the closing of such shut-off valve.
  • a system for proportioning water and airfoam liquid comprising the combination of a venturi; a water supply line therefor; a discharge line from the venturi incorporating a manual shut-off valve; a foam liquid supply line connected to the throat of the venturi; a check valve in the foam liquid supply line adapted to open in a downstream direction; means for supplying water under pressure to the Water supply line and establishing a predetermined :3 static pressure in the system when the shut-01f valve is closed; and means for supplying foam liquid to the foam liquid supply line at a pressure less than said static pressure but greater than the pressure in the venturi throat when the shut-off is open, whereby the check valve opens when the shut-off is opened and closes when the shut-off valve is closed, such closure preventing the flow of foam liquid to the venturi throat and the said discharge line.

Description

Dec. 24, 1963 SHEPPARD AIRFOAM LIQUID PROPORTIONING SYSTEM Filed March 1, 1962 INVENTOR. AHA/V 6'. 5l/[PP4RD BY QM/mw film/45 ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,115,158 AHQFQAM LKQUHD PRGPGRTIUNlNG Allan G. Sheppard, Boynton Beach, Fla, assignor to Sterling Precision Corporation, Elmira, N.Y., a corporation of Delaware Filed Mar. 1, 1962, Ser. No. 176,7d2 2 Claims. ({Il. 137S67) This invention has to do with the making of airfoam for fire extinguishing purposes and is concerned specifically with the problem of establishing and ma ntaining correct proportioning of the water and foam liquid 1ngredients in situations such as are experienced, for example, in the case of fire trucks, where a number of dlscharge nozzles may be available, all supplied from the same liquid sources but each individually controlled. Such trucks are commonly provided with a turret nozzle, controlled by an operator on the truck itself, and with a number of hand lines or hoses, each controlled by an operator at the nozzle or discharge end of the line at a station more or less remote from the truck.
The principal object of the invention is to provide a system wherein each operator will be assured of discharging, at his particular station, the requisite proportions of ingredients for satisfactory foam production, without conscious attention on his part and without regard to the activity or otherwise of the other operators, at their particular stations.
The invention will be readily understood from the following description and accompanying drawing, the latter illustrating schematically a system incorporating a preferred form of the invention.
Assuming this preferred form to be applied to a fire truck, the water and foam liquid supplies are carried in suitable tanks and two pumps are provided, one for supplying the water under pressure and the other for supplying the foam liquid under pressure, both pumps being driven by the truck engine. Centrifugal pumps, governor or othrewise controlled are preferred because they lend themselves to design such that their discharge pressures will vary proportionally, or approximately so, as the engine speed varies. According to the invention, the water pressure and foam liquid pressure are so correlated as to establish, in cooperation with a venturi, predetermined pressure difierentials which are applied to control the discharge of the foam liquid. Such control is effected by means of any appropriate type of check valve located in the foam supply line and adapted to open in a downstream direction in response to pressure drop in the venturi throat occasioned by liquid flow therethrough.
Referring now to the drawing, the illustrated system includes water and foam liquid tanks l. and 2 and water and foam liquid pumps 3 and 4, the latter driven by a comman means such as the truck engine 5. The reference numerals 6 and 7 indicate relief valves, as one convenient means of controlling the pump discharge pressures. However controlled, these pressures are so predetermined that the water pressure exceeds the foam liquid pressure. For example, the former might be of the order of 200 psi. and the latter 175 p.s.i.
The water supply line 10 is connected to the inlet of a venturi ill, to the outlet of which is coupled a discharge line 12 incorporating a manual shut-off valve 13. As will be understood, the latter may be a nozzle valve located at the discharge end of a hand line as much as 150 or more in length. The foam liquid supply line 14 from pump 4 is connected to the throat of the venturi and in this line is a valve 15. It is diagrammatically shown as a swing check valve, opening in a downstream direction. In other words, this valve is closed when the pressure on its downstream side exceeds that on its upstream side and 3,115,158 Patented Dec. 24, 1963 open when these pressures are reversed. At 16 is indicated a metering orifice.
It will be recognized from the foregoing that with the pumps in operation and the manual shut-off valve closed, the static water pressure in the system, exceeding that of the foam liquid supply, will maintain the check valve closed. However, when the manual shut-elf valve is opened and there is a flow through the venturi, its throat pressure immediately drops; and it is a simple matter of design to cause it to drop to a point where the pressure tending to hold the check valve 15 closed is less than that of the foam liquid supplysay, to p.s.i. Thereupon, of course, the swing check valve immediately opens and the requisite amount of foam liquid for the water supplying the line in question is metered to the venturi throat and thence with the water, to the point of discharge. When the manual shut-off valve is again closed to terminate the discharge through the particular line, the static pressure in the venturi throat is restored, with the result that the excess of water pressure over foam liquid pressure causes the swing check valve to close and terminate the flow of foam liquid.
It will be apparent that the system can be applied to any number of discharge lines, all supplied by the same engine-driven pumps. The broken lines in the drawing (with corresponding components identified by primed reference characters) indicate a second such line, subject to control in precisely the same manner as the first and entirely unaffected by it so far as the proper proportioning of the water and foam liquid supplies is concernedand so With as many additional lines as may be necessary. With each it is the venturi throat pressure in the particular line which controls the foam liquid supply to that line, without regard to whether the other lines are active or inactive. It is to be noted that the discharge lines, which may be long and hence of considerable capacity, are filled either with water or with water plus foam liquid and never with foam liquid alone and, accordingly, there is no waste of foam liquid. This is an especially important consideration for truck and analagous uses, Where the supply of foam liquid is necessarily limited.
It the light of the foregoing exemplification of the prin ciples of the invention, the following is claimed.
1. A system for proportioning water and airfoam liquid comprising the combination of a plurality of venturis; a water supply line for each venturi; a discharge line from each venturi incorporating a manual shut-off valve; a foam liquid supply line connected to the throat of each venturi; a check valve in ecah foam liquid supply line adapted to open in a downstream direction; means for supplying water under pressure to the water supply lines, said means adapted to establish a predetermined static pressure in the system when the shut-off valves are closed and a reduced pressure in a venturi throat when the shutoff valve in the discharge line of such venturi is open; and means for supplying foam liquid to the foam liquid supply lines at a pressure less than said static pressure but greater than said reduced pressure, whereby the check valve in any one of the liquid supply lines opens in response to the opening of the shut-off valve in the discharge line of the venturi to which such foam liquid line is connected and closes in response to the closing of such shut-off valve.
2. A system for proportioning water and airfoam liquid comprising the combination of a venturi; a water supply line therefor; a discharge line from the venturi incorporating a manual shut-off valve; a foam liquid supply line connected to the throat of the venturi; a check valve in the foam liquid supply line adapted to open in a downstream direction; means for supplying water under pressure to the Water supply line and establishing a predetermined :3 static pressure in the system when the shut-01f valve is closed; and means for supplying foam liquid to the foam liquid supply line at a pressure less than said static pressure but greater than the pressure in the venturi throat when the shut-off is open, whereby the check valve opens when the shut-off is opened and closes when the shut-off valve is closed, such closure preventing the flow of foam liquid to the venturi throat and the said discharge line.
4 References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,044,557 Alvord lune 16, 1936 2,062,097 Lingard Nov. 24, 1936 FOREIGN PATENTS 968,896 Germany Apr. 3, 1958

Claims (1)

  1. 2. A SYSTEM FOR PROPORTIONING WATER AND AIRFOAM LIQUID COMPRISING THE COMBINATION OF A VENTURI; A WATER SUPPLY LINE THEREFOR; A DISCHARGE LINE FROM THE VENTURI INCORPORATING A MANUAL SHUT-OFF VALVE; A FOAM LIQUID SUPPLY LINE CONNECTED TO THE THROAT OF THE VERTURI; A CHECK VALVE IN THE FOAM LIQUID SUPPLY LINE ADAPTED TO OPEN IN A DOWNSTREAM DIRECTION; MEANS FOR SUPPLYING WATER UNDER PRESSURE TO THE WATER SUPPLY LINE AND ESTABLISHING A PREDETERMINED STATIC PRESSURE IN THE SYSTEM WHEN THE SHUT-OFF VALVE IS
US176702A 1962-03-01 1962-03-01 Airfoam liquid proportioning system Expired - Lifetime US3115158A (en)

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Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3417779A (en) * 1967-01-09 1968-12-24 Perkin Elmer Corp Selectable concentration gas mixing apparatus
US3823727A (en) * 1971-06-24 1974-07-16 Applied Chem Pty Ltd Foaming system and improved foaming device
US3857409A (en) * 1973-03-26 1974-12-31 R Giordano Liquid mixing apparatus
US3888641A (en) * 1972-07-24 1975-06-10 Nittan Co Ltd Method of erasing smoke
US4181469A (en) * 1977-01-28 1980-01-01 Dion Biro Guy Apparatus for adding emulsifier to a fluid
US4217924A (en) * 1977-12-08 1980-08-19 Finger John F Cleaning system having steam and water mixing ejector
US4234044A (en) * 1978-09-27 1980-11-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Chemical agent injection system for fire fighting equipment
US4246969A (en) * 1979-02-07 1981-01-27 John McLoughlin Chemical injection system for fire fighting
US4324294A (en) * 1979-02-07 1982-04-13 John McLoughlin Chemical injection control system for fire fighting
DE3038334A1 (en) * 1980-10-10 1982-10-21 Albert Ziegler Gmbh & Co Kg, 7928 Giengen Foam-generating agent feed for fire engine - has measuring point in water line prior to foam agent entry into water line
EP0098055A2 (en) * 1982-06-29 1984-01-11 Chubb National Foam Inc. Liquid supply system
EP0263290A2 (en) * 1986-10-09 1988-04-13 Total Walther Feuerschutz GmbH Electronically controlled automatic mixing apparatus for fire engines
EP0337306A1 (en) * 1988-04-15 1989-10-18 Iveco Magirus Aktiengesellschaft Foam extinguishing unit for fire engines
US4899825A (en) * 1987-06-25 1990-02-13 Snamprogetti, S.P.A. Continuous mixing device, particulary suitable for preparing aqueous solutions of foam extinguisher for fire-fighting systems
WO1994026353A1 (en) * 1993-05-06 1994-11-24 Gary Trevor Love A foam proportioner
US6074176A (en) * 1994-10-20 2000-06-13 Conkin; David W. Proportional product injection circuit with two diaphragm valves
EP1163931A3 (en) * 2000-06-14 2002-06-12 Williams Fire and Hazard Control, Inc. System for automatic self-proportioning of foam concentrate into fire fighting fluid variable flow conduit
EP1726333A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2006-11-29 Unisantis Europe GmbH Fluid delivery system for fire-fighting apparatus
US20100218957A1 (en) * 2005-06-05 2010-09-02 Ludomir Duda Fire Extinguishing Device and Extinguishing Head
US11027158B1 (en) * 2020-01-08 2021-06-08 Thomas E. Black Fire retardant proportioning system and apparatus
US20210346740A1 (en) * 2018-10-19 2021-11-11 China University Of Mining And Technology Vehicle-mounted large-flow fire-fighting foam fluid mixing system

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2044557A (en) * 1934-02-28 1936-06-16 Tridex Machine Corp Method and apparatus for treating surfaces
US2062097A (en) * 1933-04-20 1936-11-24 Gen Electric Washing apparatus
DE968896C (en) * 1952-04-09 1958-04-03 Lewa O H G Ott & Schestag Device for proportionally adding fluids to a fluid stream

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2062097A (en) * 1933-04-20 1936-11-24 Gen Electric Washing apparatus
US2044557A (en) * 1934-02-28 1936-06-16 Tridex Machine Corp Method and apparatus for treating surfaces
DE968896C (en) * 1952-04-09 1958-04-03 Lewa O H G Ott & Schestag Device for proportionally adding fluids to a fluid stream

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3417779A (en) * 1967-01-09 1968-12-24 Perkin Elmer Corp Selectable concentration gas mixing apparatus
US3823727A (en) * 1971-06-24 1974-07-16 Applied Chem Pty Ltd Foaming system and improved foaming device
US3888641A (en) * 1972-07-24 1975-06-10 Nittan Co Ltd Method of erasing smoke
US3857409A (en) * 1973-03-26 1974-12-31 R Giordano Liquid mixing apparatus
US4181469A (en) * 1977-01-28 1980-01-01 Dion Biro Guy Apparatus for adding emulsifier to a fluid
US4217924A (en) * 1977-12-08 1980-08-19 Finger John F Cleaning system having steam and water mixing ejector
US4234044A (en) * 1978-09-27 1980-11-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Chemical agent injection system for fire fighting equipment
US4246969A (en) * 1979-02-07 1981-01-27 John McLoughlin Chemical injection system for fire fighting
US4324294A (en) * 1979-02-07 1982-04-13 John McLoughlin Chemical injection control system for fire fighting
DE3038334A1 (en) * 1980-10-10 1982-10-21 Albert Ziegler Gmbh & Co Kg, 7928 Giengen Foam-generating agent feed for fire engine - has measuring point in water line prior to foam agent entry into water line
EP0098055A2 (en) * 1982-06-29 1984-01-11 Chubb National Foam Inc. Liquid supply system
EP0098055A3 (en) * 1982-06-29 1985-05-15 Enterra Corporation Liquid supply system
EP0263290A2 (en) * 1986-10-09 1988-04-13 Total Walther Feuerschutz GmbH Electronically controlled automatic mixing apparatus for fire engines
EP0263290A3 (en) * 1986-10-09 1989-08-02 Total Walther Feuerschutz Gmbh Electronically controlled automatic mixing apparatus for fire engines
US4899825A (en) * 1987-06-25 1990-02-13 Snamprogetti, S.P.A. Continuous mixing device, particulary suitable for preparing aqueous solutions of foam extinguisher for fire-fighting systems
EP0337306A1 (en) * 1988-04-15 1989-10-18 Iveco Magirus Aktiengesellschaft Foam extinguishing unit for fire engines
WO1994026353A1 (en) * 1993-05-06 1994-11-24 Gary Trevor Love A foam proportioner
US6074176A (en) * 1994-10-20 2000-06-13 Conkin; David W. Proportional product injection circuit with two diaphragm valves
EP1163931A3 (en) * 2000-06-14 2002-06-12 Williams Fire and Hazard Control, Inc. System for automatic self-proportioning of foam concentrate into fire fighting fluid variable flow conduit
EP1726333A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2006-11-29 Unisantis Europe GmbH Fluid delivery system for fire-fighting apparatus
US20100218957A1 (en) * 2005-06-05 2010-09-02 Ludomir Duda Fire Extinguishing Device and Extinguishing Head
US20210346740A1 (en) * 2018-10-19 2021-11-11 China University Of Mining And Technology Vehicle-mounted large-flow fire-fighting foam fluid mixing system
US11865389B2 (en) * 2018-10-19 2024-01-09 China University Of Mining And Technology Vehicle-mounted large-flow fire-fighting foam fluid mixing system
US11027158B1 (en) * 2020-01-08 2021-06-08 Thomas E. Black Fire retardant proportioning system and apparatus

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