DE2307590A1 - PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SPHERICALLY DEFORMABLE, LOAD-BEARING FLAT FORMATS FROM ORGANIC MATERIALS - Google Patents
PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SPHERICALLY DEFORMABLE, LOAD-BEARING FLAT FORMATS FROM ORGANIC MATERIALSInfo
- Publication number
- DE2307590A1 DE2307590A1 DE19732307590 DE2307590A DE2307590A1 DE 2307590 A1 DE2307590 A1 DE 2307590A1 DE 19732307590 DE19732307590 DE 19732307590 DE 2307590 A DE2307590 A DE 2307590A DE 2307590 A1 DE2307590 A1 DE 2307590A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- load
- foam
- organic materials
- production
- flat structures
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004821 Contact adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010041662 Splinter Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000003251 Pruritus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004823 Reactive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010097 foam moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005552 hardfacing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007803 itching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/56—After-treatment of articles, e.g. for altering the shape
- B29C44/5627—After-treatment of articles, e.g. for altering the shape by mechanical deformation, e.g. crushing, embossing, stretching
- B29C44/5636—After-treatment of articles, e.g. for altering the shape by mechanical deformation, e.g. crushing, embossing, stretching with the addition of heat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
- B32B29/002—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B29/007—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material next to a foam layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/28—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane, e.g. corrugated, crumpled
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2009/00—Layered products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
- B32B2305/022—Foam
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
Zentralbereich Patente, Marken und LizenzenCentral area of patents, trademarks and licenses
509 Leverkusen. Bayerwerk509 Leverkusen. Bayerwerk
Mr/BreMr / Bre
15. Feb. 1973Feb 15, 1973
Verfahren zur Herstellung von sphärisch verformbaren, tragfähigen flächigen Gebilden aus organischen WerkstoffenProcess for the production of spherically deformable, load-bearing flat structures from organic materials
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dient zur Herstellung von sphärisch verformbaren, tragfähigen flächigen Gebilden aus organischen Werkstoffen von Verkleidungen und Abdeckungen, welche selbsttragend sind, in beliebiger Größe herstellbar sind und die für den Gebrauchsbereich notwendige Wärmeformbeständigkeit aufweisen.The method according to the invention is used to produce spherically deformable, load-bearing flat structures Organic materials for cladding and covers, which are self-supporting, can be produced in any size and have the heat resistance required for the area of use.
Im Gegensatz zu anderen Verkleidungselementen sind diese nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Teile bei Deformation in der Lage, Energie zu absorbieren, ohne daß sie zerstört werden:In contrast to other cladding elements, these parts produced by the method according to the invention are subject to deformation able to absorb energy without destroying it:
Bei einer Deformation zersplittern diese Teile nicht und sie werden nicht bleibend verformt.When deformed, these parts do not splinter and are not permanently deformed.
In besonderem Maße finden solche Verkleidungen Einsatz auf den verschiedenen Gebieten des Verkehrswesens: Als Tür-, Seiten- und Himmelverkleidungen von Pkw und Omnibussen, als Verkleidungselemente im Boots- und Schiffsbau sowie im Waggonbau; auch im Bausektor finden solche Verkleidungen im Innenausbau Anwendung, insbesondere für die Herstellung von schallabsorbierenden Wand- und Deckenverkleidungen. Such claddings are particularly used in the various areas of transport: As door, side and headlining panels for cars and buses, as paneling elements in boat and shipbuilding as well as in wagon construction; Such claddings are also used in interior construction in the construction sector, in particular for manufacture of sound-absorbing wall and ceiling coverings.
Le A 14 872Le A14 872
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Für ähnliche Anwendungen werden heute in großem Maße Kunststoff-Folien eigesetzt. Solche Folien werden durch Stahlspriegel beispielsweise fixiert und erfordern zur faltenfreien Befestigung eine sehr aufwendige Montage. Solche gespannten Folien können selbstverständlich bei der Deformation keine Energie aufnehmen. Sie sind empfindlich gegen äußere Verletzungen und vermitteln keinen Komfort.Plastic films are now used to a large extent for similar applications used. Such foils are fixed by steel bows, for example, and require wrinkle-free Fixing a very complex assembly. Such tensioned foils can of course with deformation do not absorb energy. They are sensitive to external injuries and do not convey comfort.
In gleicher Weise werden oftmals textile Flächengebilde gespannt bzw. mittels Spriegeln befestigt. Hierfür gelten die gleichen vorgenannten Nachteile.In the same way, textile fabrics are often stretched or fastened by means of bows. The same disadvantages mentioned above.
Komfortablere Verkleidungen bestehen heute aus einer Kunststoff-Folie oder einem textlien Flächengebilde, welches rückseitig mit einer weichen Schaumstoff-Folie abgepolstert ist; diese Kombination ist naturgemäß nicht selbsttragend und wird daher oftmals auf eine Pappe oder Hartfaserplatte appliziert. Die Steifigkeit des gesamten Gebildes wird in einem solchen Falle von der tragenden Pappe oder Hartfaserplatte gegeben.More comfortable cladding today consists of a plastic film or a textile fabric, which is padded on the back with a soft foam sheet; this combination is naturally not self-supporting and is therefore often applied to cardboard or hardboard. In such a case, the rigidity of the entire structure is given by the supporting cardboard or hardboard.
Es ist auch bekannt geworden, Verkleidungselemente aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen wie z.B. ABS-Polymerisaten oder Polystyrol oder Polypropylen im Spritzguß zu erzeugen. Solche Elemente besitzen eine genügende Steifigkeit bei kleineren Dimensionen, bei Formteilen oberhalb einem halben Quadratmeter wird jedoch das Verhältnis Steifigkeit zu Gewicht und damit Steifigkeit zu Gestehpreis zu ungünstig. Weiterhin sind solche Konstruktionen aufgrund des thermoplastischen Charakters der Werkstoffe gegen die Einwirkung höherer Temperaturen sehr empfindlich; sie verlieren mit zunehmender Temperatur ihre Steifigkeit. Schließlich genügen diese Konstruktionen nicht der Forderung, bei einer mechanischen Deformation Energie aufzunehmen: It has also become known to make trim elements made of thermoplastic To produce plastics such as ABS polymers or polystyrene or polypropylene by injection molding. Such Elements have sufficient rigidity with smaller dimensions, with molded parts above half a square meter however, the stiffness-to-weight ratio, and thus stiffness-to-price, becomes too unfavorable. Furthermore there are Due to the thermoplastic character of the materials, constructions are very resistant to the effects of higher temperatures sensitive; they lose their rigidity with increasing temperature. After all, these constructions are not enough the requirement to absorb energy in the event of mechanical deformation:
Bis zur Streckgrenze verformen sich solche Materialien elastisch, darüberhinaus reißen sie.Such materials deform elastically up to the yield point, and beyond that they tear.
Le 14 872Le 14 872
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Es sind auch solche flächigen Verkleidungen bekannt geworden, die auf der Sichtfläche eine Dekor-Folie oder ein textiles flächiges Gebilde aufweisen und als tragendes Element eine Glasfaser/Kunstharz-Konstruktion besitzen, bei der im Gegensatz zu den üblichen glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoffen die Fasern nicht zu einem homogenen Werkstoff verpreßt sind, sondern weiterhin ein lockeres aber festes Gebilde darstellen. Solche Konstruktionen besitzen eine beachtliche Steifigkeit. Im Falle einer mechanischen Deformation sind sie in der Lage, Energie aufzunehmen; jedoch werden sie durch die Deformation bleibend zerstört. Insbesondere für die Anwendung solcher Verkleidungen in dynamisch beanspruchten Verkehrsträgern ist als nachteilig zu verzeichnen, daß durch die dynamische Beanspruchung in geringem Maße Fasern zerrieben werden, die mit den Passagieren durch die Luftzirkulation in Kontakt gebracht werden und dabei Juckreiz erzeugen.Flat panels of this type are also known which have a decorative film or a textile on the visible surface have a flat structure and have a fiberglass / synthetic resin construction as a load-bearing element, in contrast to which the fibers are not pressed into a homogeneous material in addition to the usual glass fiber reinforced plastics, but continue to represent a loose but firm structure. Such constructions have considerable rigidity. In the event of mechanical deformation, they are able to absorb energy; however, they are due to the deformation permanently destroyed. Especially for the use of such cladding in dynamically stressed modes of transport to be recorded as disadvantageous that the dynamic stress to a small extent fibers are rubbed with be brought into contact with the passengers by the air circulation and cause itching.
Für die Anwendung der genannten Verkleidungen sich auch sogenannte Leichtbau-Sandwich-Elemente unter Verwendung harter Deckschichten und harter Schaumstoffe vorgeschlagen worden. Solche Konstruktionen genügen vollauf den Anforderungen an Stabilität und Energieabsorbtion, sie werden jedoch bei einer Deformation zerstört, sind also für einen Dauergebrauch beispielsweise im Fahrzeugbau nicht geeignet. Besonders wird als abträglich angesehen, daß diese recht starren Konstruktionen keine Luftschall-Absorption aufweisen und dadurch den Geräuschpegel besonders in kleineren Räumen sehr hoch erscheinen lassen.For the application of the mentioned cladding, so-called Lightweight sandwich panels using hard facings and hard foams have been proposed. Such constructions fully meet the requirements for stability and energy absorption, but they are in a Destroyed deformation, so they are not suitable for long-term use, for example in vehicle construction. Becomes special viewed as detrimental that these very rigid structures have no airborne sound absorption and thereby the Make noise levels appear very high, especially in smaller rooms.
Die vorgenannten Ausführungen bezüglich sogenannter Sandwich-Formteile gelten in gleichem Maße für sogenannte harte Integralschaumstoffe. Als zusätzlicher Nachteil dieser harten Integralschaumstoffe ist das recht hohe spezifische Gewicht anzuführen:The aforementioned statements with regard to so-called sandwich molded parts apply equally to so-called hard integral skin foams. An additional disadvantage of these hard integral skin foams is their very high specific weight to quote:
Le A 14 872Le A14 872
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Bei den intensiven Untersuchungen zur Erzielung der optimalen Verkleidungskonstruktion für die vorher angegebenen Werkstoffe, bei denen recht großflächige und steife Elemente mit möglichst geringer Wandstärke erzeugt werden müssen, mußte festgestellt werden, daß der Formschäumprozeß es nicht gestattet, extrem niedrige spezifische Gewichte zu erzielen.During the intensive investigations to achieve the optimal cladding construction for the previously specified materials, where very large and stiff elements with the smallest possible wall thickness had to be produced it can be found that the foam molding process does not allow extremely low specific gravity to be achieved.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung von sphärisch verformbaren, tragfähigen flächigen Gebilden aus organischen Werkstoffen beseitigt die vorgenannten Nachteile. Es ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man zäh-elastische Schaumstoffe zwischen gegebenenfalls mit Klebstoffen imprägnierten und/ oder versiegelten gegebenenfalls faseraufweisende geschäumte oder homogene flächige Gebilde fügt und unter Druckanwendung und gegebenenfalls Wärmeeinwirkung verformt.The method according to the invention for the production of spherically deformable, load-bearing flat structures from organic Materials eliminates the aforementioned disadvantages. It is characterized in that tough-elastic foams are used between optionally impregnated with adhesives and / or sealed, optionally fiber-containing foams or homogeneous flat structures are added and deformed under the application of pressure and, if appropriate, the action of heat.
Die auf diese Weise erzeugten flächigen Gebilde sind sehr leicht und gleichzeitig sehr steif. Bei einer Deformation nehmen sie Energie auf und sind in der Lage, sich wieder zu erholen. Sie splittern und brechen nicht. Die Oberfläche ist einreißfest und nachgiebig, so daß solche Elemente auch für die Luftschall-Absorption sehr geeignet sind. Dank des Prägeprozesses ist es möglich, nahezu beliebige Konturierungen zu verwirklichen. Bei der Prägung ist es möglich, das flächige Gebilde örtlich stärker zu verdichten, sofern dies aus konstruktiven Gründen erforderlich erscheint.The flat structures produced in this way are very light and at the same time very stiff. In the event of a deformation they absorb energy and are able to recover. They do not splinter or break. The surface is tear-resistant and resilient, so that such elements are also very suitable for airborne sound absorption. Thanks to the minting process it is possible to realize almost any contouring. When embossing it is possible to use the flat To condense structures locally, if this appears necessary for structural reasons.
Die Herstellung der Gebilde nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren sei an Hand der Zeichnung erläutert:The production of the structures according to the method according to the invention is explained with reference to the drawing:
Die Schaumstoff-Folie 1, welche endlos oder als Plattenware vorliegt, wird mit den Bahnen 2 und 3 beidseitig belegt. Diese gegebenenfalls endlosen Bahnen sind auf der dem Schaumstoff zugekehrten Seite mit einem Haftvermittler versehen bzw. mit dem Haftvermittler vollständig getränkt. In einer Variante des Verfahrens sind die Bahnen 2 und 3 ohne Haftvermit-The foam sheet 1, which is endless or as sheet goods is present, lanes 2 and 3 are covered on both sides. These possibly endless tracks are on the foam the facing side provided with an adhesion promoter or completely soaked with the adhesion promoter. In a variant of the process, lanes 2 and 3 are without adhesion
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tier, die Schaumstoff-Folie 1 jedoch beidseitig mit einem Haftvermittler beschichtet. Nach Belegung der mindestens 3 Komponenten werden diese entsprechend den Fordernissen abgelängt und in der Prägevorrichtung 4 gegebenenfalls unter Anwendung von Wärme in die endgültige Form gebracht. Diese Prägevorrichtung 4 ist entweder entsprechend den Erfordernissen beheizbar oder das Paket aus den flächigen Gebilden 1, 2 und 3 wird vor dem Eintritt in die Prägeeinrichtung 4 noch durch eine gegebenenfalls beidseitige Heizvorrichtung 5 auf die notwendige Prägetemperatur gebracht.tier, but the foam sheet 1 on both sides with a Coated adhesion promoter. After the at least 3 components have been assigned, they are cut to length according to the requirements and in the embossing device 4 if necessary using brought into its final form by warmth. This embossing device 4 is either according to the requirements heatable or the package of the flat structures 1, 2 and 3 is still through before entering the embossing device 4 an optionally bilateral heating device 5 brought to the necessary embossing temperature.
Für die Erzielung besonderer Oberflächen-Effekte kann es notwendig sein, daß an Stelle einer Deckfolie 3 eine Kombination aus einer verstärkenden Schicht entsprechend Folie 2 und aus einem Dekor auf Basis einer bedruckten Kunststoff-Folie oder aus einem textlien Flächengebilde besteht.It may be necessary to achieve special surface effects be that instead of a cover sheet 3, a combination of a reinforcing layer corresponding to sheet 2 and from a decoration based on a printed plastic film or a textile fabric.
Für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren geeignete Schaumstoffe sind solche zäh-elastischen Produkte, welche eine Stauchhärte von mehr als 100 p/cm bei 50'% Verformung aufweisen und eine Bruchdehnung oberhalb 20 % besitzen. Die Druckfestigkeit dieser Schaumstoffe nach DIN 53421 sollte auf jeden Fall kleiner als 10 kg/cm betragen. Geeignete Schaumstoffe sind spezielle auf Basis von Polyurethanen, Polyäthylen, Polypropylen, modifiziertem Polystyrol.Foams suitable for the process according to the invention are those tough-elastic products which have a compressive strength of more than 100 p / cm at 50% deformation and an elongation at break of more than 20 % . The compressive strength of these foams according to DIN 53421 should in any case be less than 10 kg / cm. Suitable foams are special ones based on polyurethanes, polyethylene, polypropylene, modified polystyrene.
Als Deckschichtmaterialien sind erfindungsgemäß folgene Werkstoffe geeignet:According to the invention, the following materials are used as cover layer materials suitable:
Saugfähige Papiere, Filzvliese auf Basis natürlicher und/oder synthetischer Fasern, dehnfähige textile Flächengebilde auf Basis natürlicher und synthetischer Fasern, Kunststoff-Folien auf Basis von ABS-Polymerisäten, von ABS/PVC-Abmischungen, auf Basis von Polycarbonaten und CAB-Massen, auf Basis von Polypropylen und Niederdruck-Polyäthylen. Als tragendes Deckschichtmaterial sind weiterhin geeignet Stahl- und Aluminium-Absorbent papers, felt fleeces based on natural and / or synthetic fibers, stretchable textile fabrics Based on natural and synthetic fibers, plastic films based on ABS polymers, ABS / PVC blends, based on polycarbonates and CAB compounds, based on polypropylene and low-pressure polyethylene. As a load-bearing top layer material are still suitable steel and aluminum
Le A 14 872Le A14 872
409835/0875409835/0875
drahtgeflechte, flächige Glasfasermatten in Form sogenannter vorimprägnierter Harzmatten sowie Kunststoffnetze unter Verwendung von Polycarbonaten und Polyamiden.wire mesh, flat glass fiber mats in the form of so-called pre-impregnated resin mats and plastic nets using polycarbonates and polyamides.
Für die Haftvermittlung bei der Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kommen Heißsiegelklebstoffe, Kontaktklebstoffe und insbesondere solche auf Basis von Reaktionsharzen infrage. Als sogenannte Heißsiegelklebstoffe sind geeignet solche auf Basis von Polyamid, Polyäthylen und Äthylenvinylacetat-Copolymeren. Als sogenannte Kontaktklebstoffe sind diejenigen geeignet auf Basis von Polychloropren und Polyurethan. Heat seal adhesives, contact adhesives and, in particular, those based on reactive resins are used to promote adhesion when using the method according to the invention in question. As so-called heat-seal adhesives, those based on polyamide, polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers are suitable. Suitable as so-called contact adhesives are those based on polychloroprene and polyurethane.
Als sogenannte Reaktionsharze und Reaktionsklebstoffe werden verwendet diejenigen auf Basis von ungesättigten Polyesterharzen, Epoxidharzen, Polyurethan-Harzen und auf Basis von Phenol-Formaldehydharzen und Melaminharzen. In speziellen Fällen ist auch die Anwendung von Methylmethacrylatharzen vorteilhaft.The so-called reactive resins and reactive adhesives used are those based on unsaturated polyester resins, Epoxy resins, polyurethane resins and based on phenol-formaldehyde resins and melamine resins. In special Cases also include the use of methyl methacrylate resins advantageous.
In Abwandlung des Verfahrens ist es möglich, an Stelle der einen oder beider Deckschichten aus faserigen oder flächigen Gebilden alleine nur ein Reaktionsharz als Trägermaterial zu verwenden.As a modification of the method, it is possible to use fibrous or flat outer layers instead of one or both of the outer layers Form alone to use only one reaction resin as a carrier material.
Le A 14 872Le A14 872
- 6 409835/0875 - 6 409835/0875
Der Schaumstoff ist ein PE-Schaum mit dem Raumgewicht 30 kg/nr in der Dicke von 11 mm. Die Deckschicht (2) besteht aus einem saugfähigen Papier vom Flächengewicht 100 g/m . Es wird mit einem handelsüblichen UP-Harz im Gewicht von 230 g/m imprägniert. The foam is a PE foam with a density of 30 kg / no in the thickness of 11 mm. The top layer (2) consists of an absorbent paper with a weight per unit area of 100 g / m 2. It will be with Impregnated with a commercially available UP resin weighing 230 g / m.
Die Deckschicht (3) ist gleichermaßen wie die Deckschicht (2) aufgebaut und ist zur Sichtseite hin mit einer weichgemachten PVC-Folie belegt, die zur Papier-Deckschicht hin einen PUR-Haftvermittler aufweist.'The cover layer (3) is constructed in the same way as the cover layer (2) and is softened on the visible side PVC film covers the paper top layer with a PUR adhesion promoter having.'
Diese Kombination wird in einem auf 1200C beheizten Werkzeug unter einem Druck von 2,1 atü 3T geprägt. Das Teil wird besäumt und ist nach der Entformung einsatzbereit.This combination is embossed in a tool heated to 120 ° C. under a pressure of 2.1 atmospheres 3 T. The part is trimmed and is ready for use after demolding.
Der Schaumstoff ist ein halbharter PUR-Schaumstoff eines Raumgewichts von 28 kg/m . Seine Stauchhärte bei 40 % Verformung beträgt 480 g/cm .The foam is a semi-rigid PUR foam with a density of 28 kg / m. Its compressive strength at 40 % deformation is 480 g / cm.
Die Deckschicht (2) besteht aus einem Faservlies eines Ge-The cover layer (2) consists of a fiber fleece of a ge
2
wichts von 165 g/m auf Basis Polyacrylnitril. Als Haftver-2
weight of 165 g / m based on polyacrylonitrile. As a liability
2
mittler sind 320 g/m handelsübliche UP-Harze appliziert.2
an average of 320 g / m of commercially available UP resins are applied.
Die Deckschicht (3) besteht aus einem dehnfähigen Gewirke auf Basis von Polyamid vom Flächengewicht 310 g/nr . Die Haftvermittlung zum PUR-Schaum geschieht über den einseitigen, gleichmäßigen Auftrag von 105 g/m5 eines handelsüblichen FUR-Harzes, Topfzeit 201.The top layer (3) consists of a stretchable knitted fabric based on polyamide with a weight per unit area of 310 g / no. The adhesion to the polyurethane foam takes place via the one-sided, uniform application of 105 g / m 5 a commercial FUR-resin pot life 20. 1
Diese Kombination wird 41 bei 120°C in einer beheizten Form geprägt. Das fertige Teil wird entformt und gegebenenfalls besäumt.This combination is embossed 4 l at 120 ° C in a heated mold. The finished part is demolded and trimmed if necessary.
Le A 14 872Le A14 872
409835/08 7 5409835/08 7 5
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732307590 DE2307590A1 (en) | 1973-02-16 | 1973-02-16 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SPHERICALLY DEFORMABLE, LOAD-BEARING FLAT FORMATS FROM ORGANIC MATERIALS |
| FR7405238A FR2218179A1 (en) | 1973-02-16 | 1974-02-15 | Composite facing sheet esp for automobile interiors - is energy and sound absorbing and tear resistant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732307590 DE2307590A1 (en) | 1973-02-16 | 1973-02-16 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SPHERICALLY DEFORMABLE, LOAD-BEARING FLAT FORMATS FROM ORGANIC MATERIALS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2307590A1 true DE2307590A1 (en) | 1974-08-29 |
Family
ID=5872058
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732307590 Pending DE2307590A1 (en) | 1973-02-16 | 1973-02-16 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SPHERICALLY DEFORMABLE, LOAD-BEARING FLAT FORMATS FROM ORGANIC MATERIALS |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE2307590A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2218179A1 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2602839A1 (en) * | 1975-02-05 | 1976-08-19 | Roth Sa Freres | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SHAPED BOARD AND FOAM PANELS, AND PANELS MADE THEREOF |
| DE2929992A1 (en) * | 1979-07-24 | 1981-02-19 | Metzeler Schaum Gmbh | Coating rigid polyurethane foam with unsatd. polyester prepreg - and pressing while heat-hardening to a reinforcing layer |
| DE3105731A1 (en) * | 1981-02-17 | 1982-09-09 | Metzeler Schaum Gmbh, 8940 Memmingen | Embossed multilayer panel |
| DE3247343A1 (en) * | 1982-12-17 | 1984-06-20 | Günter Hans 1000 Berlin Kiss | Moulded articles consisting of surface-laminated, binder-containing fibres or particulate materials which are pressed with the application of pressure and heat |
| DE4018116A1 (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1992-01-09 | Dunlop Gmbh | Laminated foam prodn. - by compression moulding polyurethane foam and textile material in heated press, using solvent-free aq. dispersion adhesive |
| EP0922563A1 (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 1999-06-16 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method of making sound dampening elements |
| DE20006192U1 (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2001-08-09 | Odenwald-Chemie GmbH, 69250 Schönau | Molding |
| DE102015007922A1 (en) * | 2015-06-20 | 2016-12-22 | Daimler Ag | Method for producing a sandwich component and sandwich component |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1157266B (en) * | 1982-02-12 | 1987-02-11 | Tecnasfalti Spa | SHEET MATERIAL OF EXPANDED PLASTIC MATERIAL, PARTICULARLY CLOSED CELL EXPANDED POLYETHYLENE IRRADIATED, WITH SURFACES SUITABLE FOR THE APPLICATION OF NORMAL UPHOLSTERY PAINTS, PAINTS AND PLASTERS; AND PROCEDURE TO OBTAIN IT |
| FR2589786B1 (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1987-12-24 | Caoutchouc Manuf Plastique | FLEXIBLE MULTI-LAYER COMPOSITION OF SOUND AND THERMAL INSULATION FOR SELF-SUPPORTING STRUCTURES AND ITS APPLICATIONS |
| EP0276584A1 (en) * | 1987-01-29 | 1988-08-03 | Caoutchouc Manufacturé et Plastiques Société Anonyme dite: | Flexible multilayer composite structure for acoustic and thermal insulation of self-supporting structures, and applications |
| JPS62248629A (en) * | 1986-02-24 | 1987-10-29 | モンサント・コンパニ− | Thermoforming laminated structure and manufacture thereof |
| DE8715142U1 (en) * | 1987-11-13 | 1988-06-01 | Dr. Alois Stankiewicz GmbH, 3101 Adelheidsdorf | Sound insulation part with absorption properties for partition wall |
-
1973
- 1973-02-16 DE DE19732307590 patent/DE2307590A1/en active Pending
-
1974
- 1974-02-15 FR FR7405238A patent/FR2218179A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2602839A1 (en) * | 1975-02-05 | 1976-08-19 | Roth Sa Freres | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SHAPED BOARD AND FOAM PANELS, AND PANELS MADE THEREOF |
| DE2929992A1 (en) * | 1979-07-24 | 1981-02-19 | Metzeler Schaum Gmbh | Coating rigid polyurethane foam with unsatd. polyester prepreg - and pressing while heat-hardening to a reinforcing layer |
| DE3105731A1 (en) * | 1981-02-17 | 1982-09-09 | Metzeler Schaum Gmbh, 8940 Memmingen | Embossed multilayer panel |
| DE3247343A1 (en) * | 1982-12-17 | 1984-06-20 | Günter Hans 1000 Berlin Kiss | Moulded articles consisting of surface-laminated, binder-containing fibres or particulate materials which are pressed with the application of pressure and heat |
| DE4018116A1 (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1992-01-09 | Dunlop Gmbh | Laminated foam prodn. - by compression moulding polyurethane foam and textile material in heated press, using solvent-free aq. dispersion adhesive |
| EP0922563A1 (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 1999-06-16 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Method of making sound dampening elements |
| DE20006192U1 (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2001-08-09 | Odenwald-Chemie GmbH, 69250 Schönau | Molding |
| DE102015007922A1 (en) * | 2015-06-20 | 2016-12-22 | Daimler Ag | Method for producing a sandwich component and sandwich component |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2218179A1 (en) | 1974-09-13 |
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