DE2262309A1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR WET TREATMENT, IN PARTICULAR FOR COLORING TEXTILES - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorneys Dr. Ing. Ä. van to Wsrth

P ^ F. ^ adorer 21 Har .-. L-uro CO wn ^ s ^ s *! 9 DEC. 1972

TMes KoGe

4420 Coesfeld / Westf. Borkener Strasse 155

Process and device for wet treatment, in particular for dyeing textiles »

The invention relates to methods and devices for wet treatment, in particular for dyeing! Textile goods “You aims to carry out such processes with the least possible pollution of the environment by wastewater and under The greatest possible restriction of the water requirement in these processes.

Although it is primarily suitable for dyeing textiles, the invention also applies to all others Apply wet treatment methods, e.g. bleaching and pre- and post-treatments. ·

Liquid media, preferably in the form of aqueous solutions or dispersions, are usually used in these textile treatments, and the invention is explained in detail below with the use of such liquors. The achieved by the invention when using such aqueous fleets saving water is an essential object of the invention · The Brfindung is also applicable when using other fluids such _e B "alcohol or halogenated hydrocarbons e.

The inventive method for wet treatment, in particular

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in particular for dyeing textiles is characterized in that the treatment liquor is finely distributed a gas stream is sprayed onto the textile material.

A liquor that is as concentrated as possible in the form of a solution or dispersion is preferably used «

In particular, a liquid medium based on water or organic solvents is used as the treatment agent used as halogenated hydrocarbons.

The spraying can be carried out by means of air, in particular an air stream saturated with water vapor at the working temperature, or by means of an inert gas.

It is preferable to work at an elevated temperature

In particular, the treatment takes place at a higher static pressure than the vapor pressure of the liquid medium at working temperature.

The treatment can also be carried out in a continuous manner.

Since in practice aqueous treatment liquors are usually used and the most important treatment of textile goods with such liquors is the dyeing of the goods, the invention is further applied to the dyeing of textiles explained with aqueous dye liquors.

In the previous way of working, the dyes and auxiliaries are in liquid, doughy or powdery Form, dissolved or dispersed in a liquid. The solubility or the dispersibility the dyes and auxiliaries is very different.

The amount of dye is determined by the desired depth of color and the weight of the textile material to be dyed. For example, in the case of dyeing, 5 liters of dye are required based on the weight of the textile material if, for example, the solubility is 100 g / l and the textile material weighs 100 kg

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thus dissolving 5 kg of dye in 50 l of water _o This is the minimum amount of water required. It corresponds to a ratio of textile material weight to water weight of 1: 0.5.

In the known dyeing machines, however, ratios of 1: 7 to 1:10 are required because the concentrated dye solution (ratio 1: 0.5) must be further diluted with water in order to distribute the dye evenly over the textile material To achieve, This diluted dye solution is pushed through the textile material with a pump. With each passage through the textile material, SIE dye is released from the solution to the textile material until a state of equilibrium between the dye solution and the textile material is reached or the dye is completely extracted from the liquid. Some dyes are colored above the boiling point of water. As a result, the dyeing process must take place in a closed apparatus in which the pressure can be adjusted so that evaporation of the water or the other liquid medium is avoided.

Because an affinity for dye-textile fibers in conventional dyes only exists in a liquid medium, it must be Dyeing can be done in a liquid phase. The aim of the invention could therefore only be aimed at a saturated one Dye solution or dispersion, in other words the contains the required minimum of liquid medium, to be distributed evenly on the textile material. That was what it took but another vehicle.

- According to the invention, a gas stream is used as such a vehicle, especially airflow is used. The solution can be added to this gas stream in any way or by any means be sprayed in or sprayed with this. Because air does not dissolve the dyes and therefore of dye residues can be easily freed and is also available in large quantities, it is primarily used as

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Vehicle used for the dye solution or dispersion, although other inert gases can also be used.

As with the known method, there are also new methods at dyeing temperatures above the boiling point of the liquid Medium is carried out, the pressure in the apparatus must be so high that an evaporation of the dye solution or · dispersion is avoided. The color approach is carried out using suitable devices known per se in the Gas flow metered that a fine distribution is given and the exceeding of a certain droplet size is avoided will. After it has passed through the textile material, the dyestuff is again converted from the gas stream by means of known substances Separator, eliminated.

The invention also includes devices for implementation of the new procedure. They consist of parts that are known per se, which have been developed in a novel way for the purpose of adapting to the new procedures are put together.

The device according to the invention is characterized in that that they essentially consist of a container for receiving the textile material, a container for the treatment liquor, a blower, heating devices for gas and liquor and the necessary lines with valves to connect the individual parts of the apparatus with each other in the treatment of textile goods with treatment liquors required per se known manner

As a rule, another is the treatment liquor in the device Built-in separator separating from the circulating gas flow.

As a rule, for the continuous implementation of the process, the container receiving the textile material is equipped with a continuous passage of the textile.

The liquor container can be arranged directly below the container holding the textile goods

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The invention will be further illustrated by the schematic drawings explains which represent:

1 shows a device for the discontinuous dyeing of textile goods with a device for metering the "Dye solution or dispersion in the gas stream;

FIG. 2 shows a device according to FIG. 1 with a device to separate the paint from the gas stream and return it to the liquor container after it has left the water the mixture of the textile material;

Figo 3 shows an apparatus for the continuous dyeing of Textiles with a device for metering the dye mixture into the gas stream;

4 shows a device according to FIG. 3 with a device for the separation and return of the paint batch according to FIG. 2;

Fig. 5 shows an apparatus for the continuous dyeing of Textiles in which the textile material is first conveyed through a paint container and then in the paint is fixed with another lamb using a stream of moist, hot gas »

All drawings are only schematic representations of the novel structure of the device for carrying out the inventive method and therefore on the for this essential e: similar features are limited. On the Representation of the other known features * required for such equipment, such as pressure generation or the reversal of the treatment medium from inside or outside through the material to be treated is dispensed with been *

Therefore, Fig. 1 shows only the textile 1, its receptacle 2, the fan 3, the heater 4, the sarb attachment container 5 with the connecting lines 6 and 7 «

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Pig. 2 shows, in addition to FIG. 1, the separator 8 and the Return line 9.

fig. 3 shows the textile material 1, its receptacle 2 with the seals 3, the fan 4 _1, the heater 51, the paint accumulation container 6 with the connecting lines 7 and 8.

FIG. 4 shows, in addition to FIG. 3, the separator 9 and the Return line 10 to receiving container 11.

fig. In a modification of FIG. 3, FIG. 5 shows the paint container 12 below the receiving container 2.

The operation of the device for the wet finishing of textiles will now be illustrated using the example of the dyeing of textiles explained with an aqueous dye solution.

In the device according to FIG. 1, the textile material 1, which is in the form of bobbins, strands, flakes, non-woven or can also be in the form of a fleece, packaged on appropriate carriers and placed in the receptacle 2. The receptacle 2 and the carrier for the textile goods have corresponding devices so that the carrier tightly closes can be placed on the inlet line, which is led into the receptacle. The receptacle 2 is tightly closed after the textile material has been inserted. In the container 5 is the required amount of dye solution filled. By means of a pressure source, the receiving container and all connected pipes, Containers, fans and fittings are placed under static pressure, which is chosen so that an evaporation of the liquid Medium is avoided at the treatment temperature. With the fan 3, the compressed gas is now circulated and conveyed through the textile material. There?. Heating element 4 regulates the required temperature of the gas flow.

The dye solution is metered into the gas flow by means of the valves in the connecting lines 6 and 7. the

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Line 7 is connected to the pipe system that the Gas flow exerts an injector effect. The administration. 6 is like that directed into the gas flow that the back pressure from the SH6-mung supports the outflow of the dye solution from the container 5. The dosage can also be by means of suitable Pumping done. The circulation of the liquid-air mixture can be controlled by installing appropriate reversing devices can be switched in the pipeline system, so that the mixture can be selected from the inside or the outside is guided through the textile material «The circulation of the liquid-air mixture takes place until the dye from the liquid as far as necessary to the textile material has been handed in

The device according to FIG. 2 makes it possible to use a separator for the dye solution after it has emerged from the textile material 8 to be completely or partially separated from the gas stream and via a line through a natural Pressure gradient or with an additional pump in the paraffin dissolving container 5. On the valve in the line 7, the dosage is adjusted so that the ■ required droplet size is achieved. The device ^ according to FIGS. 3 and 4 differ from Fig. 1 and 2 through the receptacle 2 for the textile material. The receptacles 2 are designed so that Flat textile material, fleece, flock or non-woven material can be continuously conveyed through the receptacle, which it is provided with pressure-tight inlet and outlet openings at its ends.

In the device according to FIG. 4, there is a second receptacle 11 required for the excreted dye solution in order to ensure a uniform depth of color of the continuous To achieve good textiles. In the second receptacle 11, the precipitated dye solution is restored to its necessary color concentration brought so that always

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a constant dye solution is dosed into the air stream will·

In the device according to FIG. 5, the textile material to be treated - as described for lig · 3 and 4 - is continuous promoted through the receptacle 2. A dye dissolving tank 12 is connected upstream of this. The textile goods 1 first passes through the dye dissolving tank 12 and is evenly soaked with the dye solution, the textile material then arrives in the receptacle 2, in which the dye solution on the textile material with a hot moist Airflow is fixed. In this mode of operation there is water or other liquids in the receptacle 6, which cause a fixation of the dye

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Claims (1)

- 9 claims 1o process for wet treatment, especially for dyeing of textiles, characterized that the treatment liquor is sprayed onto the textile material in fine distribution by means of a gas stream » 2 ο method according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeici net that a concentrated fleet as possible in form a solution or dispersion is used » 3 * method according to the preceding claims, thereby characterized in that the treatment agent is a liquid medium based on water or We use organic solvents such as halogenated hydrocarbons 4 «Method according to the preceding claims, thereby characterized in that the spraying by means of air, in particular one at the "working temperature with." Steam saturated air flow, or by means of an inert gas 5β method according to the preceding claims, characterized indicated that the work is carried out at an elevated temperature. 6β method according to the preceding claims, thereby characterized in that the treatment is carried out at a higher static pressure than the vapor pressure of the liquid Medium at the working temperature " 7ο method according to the preceding claims, thereby characterized in that the treatment is carried out in a continuous manner. 8ο Device for carrying out the procedures of the preceding Claims, characterized in that it consists essentially of a container for 40982 87 0427 - ίο - Receipt of the textile material, a container for the "treatment liquor, a blower, heating devices for gas and liquor, and the necessary lines with valves for connection of the individual parts of the apparatus with one another in the amount required for the treatment of textile material with treatment liquors known way " 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized through the further installation of a separator separating the treatment liquor from the circulating gas flow 10. Device for the continuous implementation of the The method of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the receiving the textile goods Container with a continuous throughput of the Textile is equipped 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the liquor container directly is arranged under the container receiving the textile material. 409828/0427