DE2254809A1 - HYDROSTATIC AXIAL PISTON MACHINE - Google Patents

Description

VEB industrial works

Karl Marx City " . . ·>, ·

Hydrostatic axial piston machine

The invention relates to a hydrostat * axial piston machine ^ whose arranged in a circumferential cylinder body © Pistons over sliding shoes on one of the changes - the stroke the piston serving and designed as a cradle © pivot body. Between the swivel body and the fee Bearings are the hydrostatic, pressure relief fields arranged, which have intermittent connection via channels with relief fields of the sliding blocks »

The bearings of the swivel body are loaded in such hydrost. Axial piston machines by a force, which depends on the number of arranged in the axial piston machine Piston taking into account the hydraulic working pressure.

In hydrost. Gears (DBP 941.246) are storage areas with. Pressure-oil-fed relief fields known to which the pressure medium is supplied from a pressure medium source via throttle points. The relief fields ¹ are connected via channels in the form of grooves, holes or slots in such a way that an intermittent pressurization of the relief fields is possible through the running movement of the hydrost transmission. _%

With a hydrost. Axial piston pump (DBP 1,015,688; 1,039,843; DBP 1,061,184; 1,113,635) with a fixed cylinder body and rotating swashplate it is known to both the To relieve piston sliding shoes as well as the sliding surface of the swash plate facing away from this hydrostatic load. That The pressure medium used for the relief is transferred from the cylinder chambers to the relief surfaces via corresponding channels in the pistons continuously fed,.

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Furthermore, a hydrost · axial piston machine (CH 304 * 830) known with a bent main axis, which has a TriebilanscU for the connecting rod piston. Between the back the Drive flanges3 and the housing is a hydrost · relieved Pendulum ring arranged · The spherical back of the pendulum rings B as well as the flat storage area for the drive flai Relief areas that are connected to one another via bores · The pressure oil required for relief is over Longitudinal bores of the connecting rod piston taken from the cylinder chambers of the ■ axial piston machine. There is also the possibility to feed the relief areas through a separate pressure oil source

The relief areas directly connected to the pistons are ring-shaped and are approximately or exactly on the pitch circle of the connecting rod piston · Due to their size, they are Relief surfaces are constantly connected to several pistons and their cylinder spaces, so that an uninterrupted loading the relief areas are carried out with pressurized oil

A hydrost is also known. Axial piston pump (CK 295 779) with swiveling swash plate, which relieves hydrostatically . The bearing surface of the swash plate has two relief surfaces, which are temporarily connected via channels with connecting rod bearings and from there with the cylinder chamber of the axial piston pump is expediently chosen so that its center of gravity falls into the vector beam of the resulting force of all pistons under pressure.These relief surfaces are continuously subjected to the full working pressure, while at the same time a relief of the so-called swash plate longitudinal bearing (journal of the drive flange in the cradle) takes place.Dio sliding surface the swash plate, on which the drive flange rests, is provided with relief surfaces, which connect via a channel to the discharge surfaces of the SchiefacheibenlaGGra

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The relief areas crossed by the drainage flange the swash plate consist either of several individual surfaces or represent a total area in the shape of a circular arc » In the embodiment shown, the surfaces of the swash plate are constantly connected to the room the axial piston pump, because the size of the l flat always several cylinder spaces with this' are allied *

Since there are at least two connecting bores on the individual surfaces lead to the relief area, the same effect occurs accordingly. The relief of the swash plate longitudinal bearing (Drive flange with cradle) is controlled by a flattened edge of the connecting rod ball head depending on the Adjustment angle of this swash plate »

A hydrost was also proposed. Axial piston machine (DDR 82870) with a swivel body designed as a cradle, which has two cylindrically convex bearing surfaces. Both ■ --Lagerflächenbesitzen pressure fields that are connected to the pressure side of the axial piston · The supply of the pressure medium for the constant impingement dei · print fields through the housing and Zuführungsieitungen not, but continuously over piston and sliding shoes, j'Die with the full working pressure loaded relief surfaces of the swivel body can cause complete or even partial relief of the swivel body bearing compared to the swivel body load by the working piston Swivel head and an increased noise level has the consequence · If the load is only partially relieved, "the" vibration is dampened by the friction in the swivel body bearing, but the static friction must be overcome during the adjustment or control process disadvantage in responsiveness, d. h · the adjustment or reversal margin is very large. '

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For the known general pressure relief described above it is determined that the supply of the working pressure au den.Entlastungsflächen via throttling points occurs intermittently and thus causes the relief pressure to rise and fall. However, there is between the individual Pressure pulses the relief space is closed, the relief pressure cannot drop sufficiently. It is through it It is not possible to produce the Ali writing effect in addition to the relief effect desired with the pressure pulse and thus to eliminate the disadvantages of the above-mentioned explanations through this double effect.

The invention is based on the problem of a hydrost. Axial piston machine, the pistons of which are attached to a Pivot body rest to create a hydrost · vibration relief of the bearing of the pivot body, which on the one hand the static friction in the bearing of the swivel body largely overcomes, on the other hand the acting on the swivel body Vibrations - such as from the control of the working piston - sufficiently dampens a lifting of the swivel body from the bearing seat and prevents suction from the relief fields and thus no cavitation in them causes

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that with a hydrost. Axial piston machine each between pivot body and abutment arranged pressure field with the running surface of the swivel body for sliding shoes over at least having two channels connection. These IC channels are in alike or approximately the same angle as those overflowing Control edges of the sliding blocks arranged · There are two Pressure fields that are symmetrical to the dead center axis of the axial piston machine are arranged. The channels leading to this pressure field are located in the exit area of the tread on a pitch circle, the radius of which corresponds approximately to the radius of the pitch circle for the pistons.

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The recesses required to form the pressure fields are arranged in the cylindrically convex bearing surfaces of the swivel body, which is designed as a cradle Slide shoe has an outer and an inner control edge. ■ ■■■

The force acting on the swivel body by the working pistons is transferred to the swivel body bearing via the swivel body bearing surface. When the sliding shoes are positioned at an angle ψ ^, the friction factor is reduced to a minimum by the application of the working pressure in the swivel body relief field. This condition promotes rapid movement of the swivel body with small adjusting forces.When the sliding blocks are positioned at an angle ψ -j , the load on the swivel body is no longer effective.The resulting maximum friction factor in the swivel body bearing according to the material pairing causes a strong dampening of the undesired pendulum oscillations of the .Schwenkkörpers, thus the vibration like changing Reibungofaktor can have its maximum in. "and Hinimumanteilen -of by changing angle ψ the different types of axial" are optimally adapted piston device. For the onset and reversal of servo or control processes it is particularly favorable that the static friction of the stationary sliding surfaces is already largely broken by the vibration-like relief of the Schwonk body on the actuating forces, guaranteed »The frequency and amplitude of this vibration must be determined in such a way that the pulse input depends on

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takes place at the temporal load state of the swivel body. The characteristics of the vibration relief guarantee, that the liquid pressure in the area of the pressure field a maximum value increases, this value a certain Time remains constant, then drops to a minimum V / eri and remains constant until the next interval

The invention is illustrated below using an exemplary embodiment shown and explained in more detail * Ks aeigen:

Pig. 1 shows the longitudinal section through a partially shown Axial piston machine

2 shows a representation (cross section) according to section I-I of Fig. 1

l ⁿ ig · 3a - 3d four different overlap phases between sliding shoe and relief channel

4 shows a diagram with the course of loading and lint load un ^ nforces on the swivel body

5 shows a view of the swivel body from the gloite shoes opposite side.

The hydro st. Which can be used as a pump or LIo tor. Axial piston machine shows a rotatably arranged cylinder]: body 1 as well as a swivel body 2 designed as a bow, the in a counter bearing 3 of the housing 4 schv / ani; ba.v aai

Pistons arranged in the cylinder body 1 'j ivjico ¹ ! Gloitucliiuio u on, which v / ground the Schwüiiirkbodyri 2 anlioguii on a running surface 7 and by backing Eintuchtuugeu ειη dieue Laufflüciio 7.

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The swivel body 2 has two cylindrically convex bearing surfaces 8, on which print fields 9 are arranged. Between the storage areas 8 igt. Swivel body 2 with a box-shaped extension 10 is provided, which is guided in a recess 11 of the counter bearing 3. Each print field 9 has two channels 12 * which are used to run « surface 7 and lie there on a partial circle, the radius (r) of which is approximately the radius (r *) dos Teilkaieises-for which corresponds to piston 5. -

The angle (oC) for the distance between the channels corresponds to f2 also approximately the angle (c <*) of the pistons 5 »

The sliding shoes 6 arranged on the piston 5 have relief spaces 13 on ,, which in known TJeise connection to Cylinder bore and thus to the pressure chamber of the axial piston machine own" , ·

In the case of the overlap of the relief areas 13 iait the channels 12 '(according to Pig 3), pressure oil temporarily escapes from the cylinder bores via the pistons 5 _} the sliding shoes β and their relief spaces 13 into the channels 12 and from there to the pressure fields 9 · on Because of the rotation of the cylinder body, each slide shoe 6 overruns each channel 12 once per revolution. Each channel 12 is therefore overrun once by each of the 7 slide shoes 6 listed in the example. The distinctive overlapping positions of each slide shoe 6 shown in Pig »3 a - 3 d are constantly passed through.

In the exemplary embodiment, the angle of rotation ψ includes the angular distance from the reference edge χ to the outer control edge of the sliding hole 6, the reference edge χ corresponding to the dead center axis of the running surface 7. - ·

According to FIG. 3 a, the angle of rotation ψ _{η is} the full one. Working pressure in your relief space 13 and thus in pressure field 9, since there is a direct connection between relief space 13 and pressure field,

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In Pig. The next phase shown in the next phase with angle of rotation fz shown in FIG. 3 b, the channel 12 is covered by the web of the sliding shoe 6, i.e. the channel 12 lies between the outer control edge 14 and the inner control edge 15 of the sliding shoe 6 Print field 9 adjacent print

The next phase according to FIG. 3 c with an angle of rotation fs shows a position of the sliding shoe G in which the pressure field 9 is not relieved of pressure

Pig 3 d with an angle of rotation ft + shows the beginning of a further delimbing pulse, the channel 12 being located in the area of the web of the sliding shoe 6, that is between the outer control edge 14 and the inner control edge 15.

This described build-up and breakdown of a relief impulse repeats itself continuously due to the sliding over of the sliding blocks 6 over the channels 12 "

The diagram shown in Pig · 4 represents the idealized course of the loading and unloading force Pt,; P ^ X of the Schwenklcb * rpex * s as a function of the angle of rotation f of the pistons 5 or sliding shoes 6 represent

The relief force P "corresponds to the relief impulses, soft by controlling the outer control edge 14 and the inner control edge 15 of the sliding blocks 6 in the pressure fields being constructed.

The load capacity Pg is determined by the control of the Piston 5 between the cylinder body 1 and the not darßeeetellen Control mirror of the axial piston machine

The frequency of the unloading force P ™ can be equal to or a multiple of the loading frequency. Depending on the requirements, the loading and unloading frequency can be shifted relative to one another by the angular amount A ψ.

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Claims (1)

Claims (t #, / Hydrostatic axial piston machine, whose pistons, arranged in a circumferential cylinder body, abut via sliding shoes on a swivel body designed as a T / t, which serves to change the stroke of the pistons, and between the swivel body and the counter bearing the hydrostatic relief serving bridging fields are arranged, which have intermittent connection via channels with discharge fields of the sliding shoes, characterized in that each bridging field (9) arranged between the swivel body (2) and the counter bearing (3) with the running surface (7) of the Swivel body (2) for sliding shoes (S) via at least two channels C12). Connection, and, the channels (12) are arranged at the same or approximately the same angle (cc) as the overflowing control edges (t4 | 15) of the sliding shoes * - 2 »Hydrostatic JlsigikoiBsniaasßiiirie nmh Mß ^ p ^ im ^% ■ thereby gelceaaseiateiQ-i; _? . Äaß awed Bruckf elder · zur ifotpunktaGhsa ξχ) fer izislkolbenmascMne Bet are · -; 3 * Hydrostatic isialkolbenmasciiine according to claim 1 'and 2 ^ characterized, _ that the sum pressure field (9) leading channels {12} in the exit area d-ep Iiauffläche & Cr ^f ) of the rope circle for the - · piston (5) sprouts * ■. 4 "Hydrostatic AsialkolbemaasGhine according to claims 1 to 3 _9, characterized in that the recess required for the formation of the pressure fields (9) is arranged in the cylindrical-convex bearing surface (8) which is designed as a cradle swivel body (2)"? ' 3QSS2S /. © a - 2 8AD SI OK 5 · Hydrostatic axial piston machine according to claim 1 Iris 4-, characterized in that the connection between the channels (12) and the cylinder bores for the Piston (5) is made via sliding shoes (6), which are provided with cylindrical relief spaces (13) Bind. 6, hydrostatic axial piston machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the sliding shoe (6) has an outer control edge (14) and an inner control edge (YjJ on v / e « Here are 3 sheets of drawings 8AD ORIGINAL 309826/0270