DE2248401A1 - PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC PACKAGING AND BUNDLING OF LOADS USING STRAPS OF HEAT-SHRINKING MATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

Under characters:

Method and device for the automatic packaging and bundling of loads by means of tapes made of heat- shrinking material

The invention relates to a method and a device for the automatic packing and bundling of loads by means of tapes made of heat-shrinkable material, in particular, the invention is suitable for the production of transportable containers made of several individual pieces, such as bricks, plates, bricks and the like, which in certain Way can be stacked.

The invention is based on the object of combining several packaging ready for dispatch into one container Individual pieces in an automatic stepless pleating process using known in the Automate heat shrinking packaging materials. The packaging should be done in such a way that also materials without. Intrinsic stability held together and connected to solid containers that can be handled in rough transport will.

The invention consists in a method of the type mentioned in that the load to be packed

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on a first band of heat-shrinkable material stretched between specially designed supports or uprights Material is placed so that a second band of the heat-shrinkable material is in contact with the first Band and in accordance with the mentioned supports over the load is tensioned that the load together with the first and the second band have the effect of a stream of hot air for the purpose of softening and rapid welding the straps on the supports mentioned is subjected, and that the made-up packages obtained thereby separated from each other by a cut in the welding zone.

A device which is particularly advantageously suitable for carrying out this method according to the invention is characterized by a longitudinal bench for guiding and supporting transport chains that run through at the end of the bench arranged deflection wheels or deflection pinions are presented, at least one of these wheels or pinions being a drive pinion is, through a plurality of changeable, to support the load and to limit the individual Packages serving supports, the rounded support surfaces have as contact and welding zones of the two bands and by a warm air heating device by way of Pre-lifting section of the transport chains as well as a cutting device for separating the individual packages produced,

According to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the supports or stands are for holding the load and to limit the individual packages directly connected to the transport chain links. These stands have at their ends support elements for the bands, which at their respective free end with the Support surfaces are provided, which are preferably

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are rounded and have a channel or transverse opening in the middle « have, in which a cutting or separating device in the later separation after welding in the heating zone can penetrate. The mode of operation of this device is such that initially from a stand that has a roll with a first sheet of the heat shrinkable material carries the first. lane of packaging material onto the Transport chains and is guided over the supports and. so that between the vertically towering supports a trough-like profile is formed by the first web of packaging material. Then be The individual parts to be packaged are layered in the tubs designed in this way. Then a second Wrap, which is preferably in supported on a stand, a second web of the same heat shrinkable material is continuously fed and covers the individual packages prepared in this way. The evenly spaced supports are preferred slightly higher than the upper boundary line of the load to be packed, so that it is safely in the area of the supports Come into contact with the lower web of packaging material. The packages prepared in this way arrive then in a heating device in which they are exposed to a guided stream of hot air, which the material in particular melts in the contact area of the two webs, so that an immediate welding occurs. After leaving The individual, now ready-made packages in the area of the welding zone are created from the heating device separated from each other by a preferably heated knife or a sliding cutting knife.

Advantageous details of the invention will be described in the following on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing explained in more detail. It shows:

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Fig. 1 is a view of a preferred embodiment of the device for carrying out the invention Procedure;

Fig. 2 is a view of a modified embodiment a device according to the invention, and

Fig. J5 is a perspective sketch for further clarification certain details of the device according to Fig.

In Fig. 1, 1 generally denotes the longitudinal bench of the device used to carry out the method according to the invention, the upper part of which delimits the feed path of the material to be packaged or made up. In principle, any suitable material can be made up, but the method is particularly suitable for stackable elements, eg for bricks, bricks, plates and the like, which can be placed upright next to one another, ie in a relatively unstable position. To form the feed path, the longitudinal bench is provided with a transport chain row 2, for example with four chains lying next to one another, which are connected to one another for example by sleepers and revolve at the respective end of the bench with gears 3, at least one of which is a drive pinion. Further gears 4 serve as chain tensioning elements in order to ensure uniform operation of the feed path. In addition, the chains are supported by on the bench, which are spaced apart by a suitable distance in the figures sliding planes not shown or support rollers on _f, the chains supporting and limiting a support plane. On the chains thus arranged, a plurality of supports 5 are placed at a suitable uniform spacing and fastened to accommodate gaps accordingly

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to create the packaging units to be assembled. The gap distance M is variable according to the desired package size. With reference to the through

is arrows indicated feed direction of the chains / in front of the Device * et a stand 6 for holding a role or reel 7, which is used to take up the first strip 8 of heat-shrinking material, whose transverse dimension is advantageously somewhat larger, e.g. " 5 to 10 cm larger than the transverse dimension of the load to be assembled, in any case / according to a specific one Relation to the transverse dimension and the height of the load

is

dimensioned /. The band 8, hereinafter referred to as the "lower band", is placed on the transport chains 2 and over the supports 5 in such a way that a number of a U-profile having tubs 9 is formed. These . Troughs 9 are each separated from one another by supports 5. The towering walls of the tubs 9 are over the supports 5 are continuously connected to one another, the path of the lower belt 8 being connected to the connecting web 10 is strongly curved and spans a profile iron 11 with trough cross-section and upper longitudinal opening 11a. Weight As the figures show, C is placed in the tubs 9, the supports 5 with the profile iron 11 attached exceed the load by e.g. 2 to 5 cm.

In the middle area of the bench 1, a further stand 12 is mounted, which carries a roll 15 of a second band of heat-shrinkable material. The transverse dimension of this belt 14 preferably corresponds to that of the first belt 8. The stand 12 is preferably equipped with a winding device 15, for example with friction rollers, which unwind the belt 14 at a speed corresponding to the feed speed of the conveyor chains 2. _o The belt 14 is stretched over the load C and comes into contact with the lower belt 8 in the area of the surfaces 10 of the supports 5, which is located between the belts 8 and 14.

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The held load C is then conveyed by the feed dtr chains to a heating furnace 17, which is located on the feed path of the chains. The oven is e.g. with a

_in one
Burner 18 and equipped with / from a motor fan assembly 19 existing wind blower. In addition, the inside of the furnace is provided with suitable air ducting devices in order ^to _{generate hot blast jets P 1} -F ₂ , which enter the furnace interior in countercurrent from the top and bottom of the furnace. The warm air is discharged through side nozzles BL. The jets of hot blast soften the strips to such an extent that the two strips lying one on top of the other are spontaneously welded together in the area of the surfaces 10 of the supports 5. Under the action of the hot blast jets adhere the protruding beyond the transverse dimension of the load C edges on the load, the actual fabrication of the material erfolgt''im furnace / N ^ lso, by softening of the heat-shrinkable material, which top, bottom, partly the load in front and or also completely surrounds the sides.

The length of time the load remains in the furnace can be seen by adjusting the speed of the chain feed determined and determined so that a reliable welding of the overlapping bands takes place. The air temperature in the oven can change from 180 ° to 220 ° C. A cutting device 20 is provided at the exit from the furnace, which separates the individual packs produced from one another separates. The cut is made in the connection zone 10 where the straps are welded. Advantageously a pair of guillotine shears is used for this purpose, the blade 21 of which is heated and which is provided with lateral pressing jaws 22 is. The guillotine shears are preferably provided with a hydraulic drive and the cut is made by melting through the openings 11a in the profile iron 11

To enable the infinitely variable advance of the transport chains, is the cutting device 20 by sliding bearings

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Guide tracks 23 mounted in such a way that they are in one piece can be moved with the chains along a certain distance, which dev the time required for cutting

speaks. As soon as the cut is made, it will

A ready-made package is transported to a removal zone, generally referred to as ZP, at the end of the bank. The supports 5 are tilted in the area of the removal zone ZP, as indicated at 5a, under the action of the deflection via the gearwheel 3 and accordingly the tub 9 is automatically opened to accommodate the load C, so that the removal of the load is easily made possible.

Although the machine described above is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention, some variants can be provided, the use of which is possible depending on the type of loads to be processed. For example, the variant shown in FIGS , stackable materials are particularly suitable. As can be seen in FIG. 2, in which similar or corresponding parts have the same reference numbers, this device also has a longitudinal bench 1 with the transport chains 2 provided by the end pinions or toothed wheels 3. However, two further end chains 30-31 are provided, which carry vertical uprights 50 at a uniform distance from one another. These are fork-shaped and have the profile of a very narrow U in side view. Two secondary stands 50-50 (FIG. 3) are also provided, which are connected by a lower channel 40 which has approximately the profile of a semicircle. As a result, the stands 50 remain open at their upper part and serve to accommodate corresponding press rollers 41, which are introduced into the stands themselves by a conveyor 42 from above. In addition, this device also has the stand 6 with tape material winding 7 and the

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Wind up 13 of the second tape 14. In this case, too the reel 7 is arranged, viewed in the direction of tape feed, from the longitudinal bench 1, around the tape 8 at the head of the bench to feed. In contrast to the embodiment explained first, here the belt 8 is flat over the transport chains tense.

The load C is then applied to the flat belt 8 and in the gap between two secondary stands 50 held. Then the upper band 14 is on the Load C placed and stretched thanks to the action of press rollers 41. These are fed by the conveyor 42 from above fed every time a stand 50 is under the opening

G
42a of the conveyor 42 gelarp. It is evident that the belt 14 is laid so that it surrounds the load and comes into contact with the lower belt 8 under the action of the pressure rollers 41 falling into the connecting channel 40, as shown in FIG. The grooves 4o and the rollers 41 have a profile adapted to one another. The load C contained between the two belts 8 and 14 is then transferred to the furnace 17, where the web material is subjected to the desired softening and the subsequent welding at the connection positions in the region of the channels 10.

In the feed direction behind the furnace there is a lifting device for the rollers 11 on the route of the transport chains which is generally designated by 51 is. This device is preferably operated hydraulically. It lifts the press rollers 41 out of the stands' 50 and transfers it to the feed device 42. In the feed direction after the mentioned lifting device, the Machine in turn having a cutting device 52, for example sliding blade or red-hot point and associated cross passage to separate the individual packages

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obtain.

In the variant according to FIG. 2, in principle d4.e Same packages as in the device according to FIG. 1 obtain. In comparison to the embodiment according to FIG. 1, only the individual plates or the like are around Tilted 90 °. The weld seams are then accordingly on the upper or lower edge,

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Claims (16)

Patent to Sprüch e \
'A method for the automatic packaging and bundling of loads by means of strips of heat-shrinkable material, characterized in that the load to be packaged is placed on a first strip of the heat-shrinking material stretched between specially designed supports or stands, and that a second strip of the heat-shrinkable material in contact with the first band and stretched over the load in accordance with the aforementioned supports, so that the load, together with the first and second bands, is subjected to the action of a stream of hot air for the purpose of softening and spontaneous welding of the bands to the aforementioned supports, and that the made-up packages obtained in this way are separated from one another by a cut in the welding zone. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the first and second strips of heat-shrinkable material are fed continuously and the load is continuously transferred to the heating zone, 3. The method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized characterized in that the first band of heat shrinkable material is placed over the supports is to form a plurality of open-topped trays to receive the load, and that the second band of heat shrinkable Material closes the tubs on the top (Fig. D. 3 0 9816/0290 4. The method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the first tape consists of heat-shrinkable material is placed on a conveyor belt between the supports and the loads are a
at the correct dimensional distance, and that the second band is stretched over the load in such a way that it surrounds the load and touches the first band between the loads placed on the first band and is welded in the hot air stream at the contact lines, 5. Device for carrying out the method according to at least one of the above claims, characterized by a longitudinal bench (1) for guiding and supporting transport chains (2) which are presented by deflecting wheels or pinions (3) arranged at the end of the bench, at least one of them is a drive pinion, through a plurality of variable supports (5) serving to hold the load (C) and to limit the individual packages, which have rounded support surfaces (10-40) as contact and welding zones of the two belts and by a warm air heating device (17) in the way of the feed path of the transport chains and by a cutting device for separating the individual packages produced. ^! 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that that the supports (5) to hold the load and to limit the packages have stand that are directly connected to the links of the transport chains that the supports at their ends with support elements (11) are provided for the bands, which on the top, the support surfaces (10) with a channel-shaped profile and a transverse opening (11a) for introducing the Have cutting and separating agents. 309816/029 0 7, Apparatus according to claims 5 or 6 _f characterized in that the supports (5) contribute to the holding of the load (C) the lower belt (8) and give this a wÄnnenfiJpmlges profile corresponding to their spacing. 8, device according to one of claims 5 to _9, characterized in that the mentioned support and welding surfaces (10) are rounded. 9, device according to one of the preceding claims, dt » characterized in that dtt total height (H) the stand (5) larger than the vertiJcalabmeefung (h) the load is 10, device according to claim 5 »characterized in that that the tapes (8, 14) are continuously fed from balls or holding reels (7, 13), and that the uprights (6, 12) carrying the rolls are in the direction of provision in front of the transport chains or above the chains arranged in front of the heating device (17) Bind » 11, device according to claim 10, characterized in that shows that the second tape (14) through an unwinding device (15) with one of the feed speeds The speed of the transport chains can be adjusted accordingly, 12, device according to claim 5, characterized in that the heating device (17) consists of a furnace provided with fans (19), which is provided with flow guide devices for generating hot air flows (P _- J-Fo), 309816/0290 13 · Device according to claim 5 »characterized in that that the cutting and separating device has a pair of guillotine shears provided with a hot blade (21), which carries out the separating cut in the area of the welding prongs of the bands. 14. The apparatus of claim 5> marked e i without t, that on the longitudinal bench (1) two more End chains (30, 31) are provided which are fork-shaped, suitable for connection to corresponding press rollers (11) Vertical stands (50) support that the press rolls in the stands can be fed in from above by a conveyor (42) are in order to tension the upper belt (14) around the load (C), and that the upper belt by tensioning the press rollers come into contact with the lower belt (8). 15 · Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the press rollers (41) at the end of the for the load / heating phase back to the conveyor (42) are recyclable. < 16. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that that each opposing vertical stand are connected by a connecting channel (4o), which have a circular profile adapted to the profile of the press rolls. 309316/0290