DE222317C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

For forging shear blades, knife blades and other objects in the The so-called belt drop hammers are almost always used today for dies. But with these a second man has to be employed to pull the hammer, there In closed-die forging, the worker in charge of the workpiece does not simultaneously access the Work piece and the bear can watch out.

ίο Hammers have already been designed in which, for the purpose of lifting the bar, the organ lifting the bear by electricity with the driving organ coupled with simultaneous opening of a holding brake ■■; or to

guidance of the impact only the holding brake is open .will. The control of these hammers, i.e. H. the operation of the electric clutch and the brake release magnet is carried out by a switch for several circuits in such a way that when this switch is set on a contact the bear is lifted at Position of the changeover switch on a second contact the blow is executed and in the Switch-off position of the bear is held in every position. By a second, from the bear moving and completely independent of the first manual changeover switch, the current interrupted in the highest and lowest position of the bar in order to exaggerate the to avoid the bear moving organ.

In closed-die forging, it is necessary soon to have a stronger one, and now a weaker one Blow to lead. This can be achieved with all drop hammers by that the bear is raised to a greater or lesser height before the strike is executed. at The aforementioned hammer can only lift the bar to a part of the total stroke thereby take place ^ that the manual switch at the moment in which the bear the desired Has reached the height, into the off, switch position is withdrawn. So it is required that the man wielding the hammer keep an eye on the bear. The blacksmith in charge of the workpiece, whose attention is already completely occupied by the workpiece, so you can use the hammer no longer operate, even if the first switch was set up for operation by kicking.

The subject of the present invention now forms the special training of the Control of such a hammer, by means of which it is achieved that the one guiding the workpiece Blacksmith can operate the hammer himself.

Such a hammer is shown schematically in FIGS. The training of the hammer itself is well known. The bear is suspended from a wire rope which is attached to the rope drum α . The cable drum sits firmly on the same axis with the driven half b of the electrical friction clutch ″. The driving half c of the clutch is set in constant rotation

As long as current is supplied to the winding in the coupling through slip rings e , part b of the coupling is carried along by part c as a result of the magnetic attraction and the bear is lifted through the pulley. To hold the lifted bear _# zir, a holding brake is attached, for which the coupling part b serves as a brake disc. The brake is caused by the weight f

ίο closed. As long as the bear is lifted in the manner described above, the brake is released, namely in that the brake release magnet g is switched on and off simultaneously with the clutch c. If the stroke is to be carried out with the lifted bear, the brake release magnet g is switched on, while the clutch c remains switched off. The bear can then fall down freely.

The switching of the clutch and the brake magnet is inevitably effected by the control switch h, which defines the invention. This control switch is shown in Figs. According to the diagram in FIG. 5, it consists essentially of three segment-shaped contacts 1, 2 and 3, isolated on the shaft i moved by the footstep. If five contacts 1, 2 and 3 are moved by stepping on brushes 6, 7 and 8, first contact 2 for the brake and contact 3 for the clutch are connected to one another by brushes 7 and 8, in order to receive current from contact 1 at the same time as the brush 6 moves forward further. As a result, the bear is lifted, as described above, until contacts 1, 2 and 3 are withdrawn again. By moving the footstep in the opposite direction of rotation, the contacts 1 and 2 are moved after the brushes 14 and 5, whereby the brake magnet only receives electricity and the bear falls down.

Since the contact roller would have to be withdrawn at the moment in which the bear has reached the corresponding height, depending on the strength of the blow to be carried out, the worker guiding the workpiece would have to keep an eye on the bear, which would divert his attention from the workpiece. In order to avoid this inconvenience, the brushes 6, 7 and 8 are connected to the shaft 0 and rotatably arranged around the shift drum, and their movement (see Fig. 1 and 2) is controlled by the gears k and I, the linkage m, the crank η and the shaft 0 of the movement of the pulley α and thus of the movement of the bar as a function, in such a way that the brushes 6, 7 and 8 are withdrawn from the contacts 1, 2 and 3 when the bar moves downwards . Depending on whether the contacts 1, 2 and 3 have been pushed forward more or less by pressing down the kick, the backward movement of the brushes 6, 7 and 8 interrupts the current again when the bar is higher or lower, and the bear comes through it Applying the holding brake and disengaging the clutch, to rest. With this device, the worker can regulate the lifting height of the bar by stepping down the foot more or less deeply. Since this can be done by feeling, he does not need to keep an eye on the bear and can focus his attention entirely on the workpiece. The essence of the present invention is that a control switch is used, the contacts of the control member (hand lever, footstep, etc.) and the mating contacts of the bear or the organ moving this bear are inevitably moved, whereby the dependence of the lifting height on the The size of the movement of the control element is achieved in a constant ratio, so every movement of the footstep causes a corresponding stroke movement of the hammer bear. The relationship between the two movements can vary with the height of the lift.

The living force, which is stored in the pulley α and the coupling part δ with the shaft when the bar falls, would cause the disk to continue rotating even when the bear has already come to rest on the chabotte, if the one The hammer operator does not turn the kick back into the zero position in time and thereby cause the brake to apply. This would unroll the wire rope further and get into disarray. To avoid this, another contact (Fig. 4 and 6) is attached to the control switch. This contact 4 cannot be moved by the foot step, but sits freely rotatable on the shaft *, is through an iso-. lierendes intermediate member connected to the switch housing and remains at rest when the shaft i rotates. This contact 4 (in Fig. 6) interrupts the circuit of the brake release magnet g at brush 12 when the bear has arrived on the chabotte or just before the chabotte, even if the kick has not been turned back into the zero position. As a result, the use of a special limit switch has become superfluous.

If dies of different heights have to be used in the hammer, can the contact 4 can be arranged adjustably by "the insulating connecting piece between

see contact 4 and switch housing accordingly is formed, e.g. B. as a worm, which in a toothing attached to the contact intervenes.

The control switch described above is also advantageously closed for lifts and cranes use when the travel speed is very high or when the crane operator is using the Load cannot keep an eye on all the way.

Claims (3)

Patent-to sayings: i. Electric control switch for mechanical hammers, pile drivers, cranes and elevators of the kind in which the contacts and mating contacts for the purpose of changing the stroke are mutually displaceable and the latter are moved by the bear or by the organs pulling it; characterized in that the engagement and disengagement of the electrical clutch as well as the holding brake mediating contacts from the control unit (e.g. kick, Hand lever) can be moved for the purpose of increasing the lifting height at any time, even during of the working of the bar, etc., on the size of the movement of the control organ to make dependent. 2. Embodiment of the control switch according to claim i, characterized in that that by adding a fixed contact (4) the holding brake is independent of the position of the control organ occurs when the bear or the burden is the lowest Has reached position in order to prevent the belt, rope, etc. from unrolling too far due to the living force of the lifting organ. 3rd embodiment, the control switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the fixed contact (4) by hand is arranged to be adjustable when using different heights or dies when the lift height is changed, the holding brake is always applied at the right moment to be able to effect. For this 1 sheet of drawings;