DE2215091B2 - Method of making a radio frequency coaxial cable and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

symmetrical shape in a disproportion between those acting on the surfaces of the laminate Frictional forces during the corrugation and the tensile stress within the layer material when it is pulled into the shaft device.

The disadvantages of the known coaxial cable are to be avoided by the invention, its object is to provide a method of making a high frequency corrugated coaxial cable, the outer conductor of which consists of a layered material, whereby the cold flow of the adhesive occurs of the layer material as well as asymmetrical corrugation should be avoided.

In the method of the type mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved according to the invention by the following Process steps solved:

a) each layer of the layer material is applied in continuously successive sections The temperature dependent on the adhesive is heated and a certain three-dimensional Subject to curvature;

b) the heated and curved layers of the layer material are brought to ambient temperature cooled, the three-dimensional curvature being eliminated again during cooling will;

c) successive sections of the cooled layer material become more uniform Tensile stress introduced into a corrugation device and seen there with the corrugation \.

In this method, it is advantageous according to a further feature if the speed with which the three-dimensional curvature is eliminated again, is inversely proportional to the cooling rate of the layer material.

A device for producing a high-frequency cable according to the method according to the invention is characterized by a device for cooling the coating material to ambient temperature as well as for the simultaneous removal of the by means of a roller with a spherical segment-shaped running surface three-dimensional curvature applied to the layers of the layer material, such that the layer material is flat and free of mechanical stress after cooling, with the radius of curvature the spherical segment-shaped tread of the roller the radius of curvature of the tread the layer in contact with the roller and the radius of curvature of the tread of the Roll the furthest layer of the layer material according to the following mathematical relationships measured is:

) - (AhU)] - TJl ;

Ί = r ₀ + Ts + Ta + TJ2;

(For meaning of the sizes see claim 3 or description of the figures.)

With the method according to the invention you can Coaxial cables are produced, the transmission properties of which do not change due to the cold flow of the adhesive change so that these cables can be used in communication systems as soon as possible without fear of increasing mismatch to transmission amplifiers. About that In addition, there is no longer any danger with the coaxial cables produced according to the invention an impairment of the transmission properties due to asymmetrical corrugation of the layer materials. The coaxial cables produced by the method according to the invention are characterized by a exactly constant wave resistance.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is described below. It shows

F i g. 1 shows an embodiment of a coaxial cable produced according to the invention with a corrugated Laminated outer line, in a partial perspective view,

F i g. FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a device for producing the coaxial cable according to FIG. 1 in schematic side view,

F i g. 3 a part of the device according to FIG. 2 forming alignment and layering unit in enlarged side view,

F i g. 4 a heating stand, which is part of the alignment and lamellar unit according to FIG. 3 forms, in side view,

F i g. 5 the heating level according to FIG. 4 in front view,

F i g. 6 a with the device according to FIG. 1 laminate to be produced at ambient temperature in enlarged cross-sectional view,

F i g. 7 the laminate according to FIG. 6 in the heated state and in a cross-sectional view,

F i g. 8 the laminate according to FIG. 6, 7 in a curved and heated state and in a cross-sectional view,

F i g. 9 a part of the device according to FIG. 1 forming shaft device in enlarged Side view,

F i g. 10 a symmetrical one which forms a component of a coaxial line according to the invention Laminated and corrugated external line in an enlarged cross-sectional view,

F i g. 11 a part of the device according to FIG. 1 forming forming and soldering machine in enlarged Top view,

F i g. 12 the forming and soldering machine according to FIG. 11 in an enlarged side view.

According to FIG. 1, a coaxial cable 50 has an inner conductor 52 and several insulating washers 54, 54, which hold the inner conductor 52 centrally within an outer pipe conductor 56. A shield 58 is formed around the outer conductor 56 and on the layer forming film 60 of adhesive Layered polymer material. The outer conductor 56 and the shield 58 are formed into a tube, wherein the outer conductor has a partially butted edge 62, while the shield has a soldered lap edge 64.

F i g. 2 shows a production line 66 for the continuous production of the coaxial cable 50. The production line 66 has a feed point 68 for the one layer b ^: insulating copper strip 69, which forms the outer conductor 56, a feed point 7C for the steel strip 71, which forms a further layer, which the shielding 58, and a feed point 72 for the third layer, namely the adhesive polymer film 60, which is used to connect the copper tape 69 to the steel tape 71 to form a laminate 75. The layers of each feed point 68, 70, 72 are placed in an alignment and loading

Melling unit 74 out. In this the layers 69, 71, 60 are heated and stacked. A wire feed point 76 serves to feed the wire (not shown) to the wire drawing machine 78, which brings the wire into the dimensions required for the inner conductor 52. The inner conductor 52 then runs from the wire drawing machine 78 to the washer application device 80, which feeds the insulating washers 54 to the inner conductor 52 at the desired spacing. The assembled outer conductor 56, the film 60 and the shield 58 are then passed through a shaft device 81 and into a pipe forming and soldering machine 82 together with the inner conductor 52 and the insulating washers 54. In this pipe forming and soldering machine 82 the various parts of the coaxial cable 50 are assembled; a main friction roller 84 finally serves to pull the finished coaxial cable out of the machine 82, after which the finished coaxial cable 50 is wound onto a supply drum 88 by means of a receiving device 86.

According to FIG. 3 are the copper tape 69 and the steel band 71 brought together in an aligning device 90, which part of the aligning and lay-up unit 74 and aligns the layers.

The aligned portions of the copper tape 69, steel tape 71, and film 60 of adhesive plastic material then come to the first of the three identical heaters labeled 110. According to FIG. 4, 5, each heating device UO has a frame 112 in which an upper heating roller 114 and a lower heating roller 116 are rotatably arranged in conventional bearings 118. The bearings 118 that receive the upper heating roller 114 are slidably disposed in bearing mounts 120 ; the vertical position of the sliding bearing mounts can be changed by operating the air cylinders 122 attached to the frame 112. When the pistons of the air cylinders 122 are drawn in, the heated rollers 114 are released from one another. 116; the union of the copper tape 69, the steel tape 71 and the film 60 of adhesive plastic material can easily be done between the two rollers. When the pistons of the air cylinders 122 are extended, the rollers 114, 116 engage the belts 69, 71 with a desired force which is determined by regulating the air pressure within the air cylinders.

Each of the heated rollers 114 and 116 has a main portion 124 made of stainless steel with at least one superficial treatment on the outer peripheral surface which contacts one of the layers 69, 71. Each of the parts 124, 126 is provided with six continuous cylindrical passages 128 which are sufficiently large to accommodate conventional heating inserts 130. When designed for 230 watts, the heating inserts 130 are sufficient to achieve the desired heating. Lines 132 lead from each of the heating inserts 130 to the usual slip ring arrangements 134, 136, which are arranged on shafts 138, rollers 114 and 116, respectively. Each of the rollers 114, 116 is provided with spur gears 142 and 144, respectively, mounted concentrically thereon. The spur gears 142 and 144 assigned to the rollers 114, 140 synchronize the rotational speed of the rollers 114, 116, so that a differential slip due to the rollers is avoided. A common one

Drive motor (not shown) can drive lower heated roller 116 if required is to maintain proper stretch control within the laminate tapes 69, 71 as well as the film 60.

According to FIG. 3, the heating of the layer materials to be applied is achieved in three stages, with each of the successive method steps in a downstream heating device 110 within of the group of heating devices. If parts of the material to be layered exit from the last heater 110, they are heated sufficiently high that the film 60 of the Plastic adhesive is softened to the desired state and the surface state of the copper tape 69 or steel band 71 for achieving proper adhesion between the copper and steel band is set. whereby the film of the plastic adhesive located in between.

Since copper and steel have significantly different coefficients of thermal expansion, the results in I ι g. (-., Ratios shown The steel strip 71 and the copper strip 69 may have a desired orientation when Zusamrnenbring · .... in the cold state, the / eichnungsm.nkierungen by imaginary up Ac, As, Bc, Bs, Cc, Cs dargestCil If, in the example according to • ig- Ί i-üie i-rwarming occurs, the difference between the ..! en thermal expansion coefficients of K-upter and Su.lii can result in a separation of the ϋ; ΐ (. ·: ΐΐίϊη make record marks like the one shown in Fig. 7.

.. "'/" : l i ..'" nncn ' i: nd ' e record mark-run- '''"' - '''; i1 alignment because they are the l ';<n-.Ls69 or 71, while ■■ in ·: -marking Ac is offset from Auf-V "' 111 F (v ; in annual' ■■! i / .xhnungsmarkmark Cc opposite -"! ■ - ! -, marking Cj displaced. ü: i 60 of the plastic adhesive produces a connection ■■ ■ i ^ v ; cn the tapes 69, 71, while- • ^ - '^ ■ • i-hiningsmarkierung / fr and Cc ucgen-Marki : As conclusions or Cj apart read a ansJiließjnde cooling to the "inflow r ft <J ι- ι g () a heat-Scherbelasiunsf Oliü I 'nnerh:...!.? 1 | b of the film 60. Since the HIv. 60 consists essentially of polyethylene, the presence of an SA load shows a tendency to cool the adhesive material until the shear load is generally eliminated

s.Vh r, h ^lg . ^{strength of a} cold flow process can extend over ah e.ne long period of time, möelicher- ^Wfl "" ^K ~ e ^year, with the result that a change in the conductive state of the i occurs Such a conductive part of the Ändedes

FinflnR * ~ ~ VAE "i" ""'^{"indeed an} unfavorable ann = ^{3 dl} l5 ° ^{nStanz the} transmission characteristics de Koaxmlkabels have. Such inconsistency is

SfwS ^me V ^nenVÜnscht · ** ^den with great practice «™ F ^{Oßer Sor} ^ ^{1 d} '' e impedance of the

Transmission similar to the impedance of the various system applied relay amplifiers can have a

_t w ..:.; i, ι

M.in "ge

presumptuous

Procedure it is now to generate 50, in which the

Layer 60 is essentially stress-free and this even during the manufacture of the cable itself. This can be achieved by applying a corrective spherical curvature to both the copper tape 69 and the steel tape 71 during the joining process between the steel and copper tape . According to FIG. 8, the mismatch between the recording marks Ac, As, as well as between the recording marks Cc. Cs can be eliminated when the correct radius of curvature is transferred to the copper or steel strip 69 and 71, respectively.

From Fig. 3 it can be seen that such a spherical curvature affects the copper and steel strip 69 or 71 can be transferred by passing parts of the strips over a roller 146, which is designed as a segment part of a ball. The bands 69, 71 and the film 60 become 90 ° round transferred to the curvature of the roller 146 from a horizontal to a vertical position. The radius of curvature the spherical part of the roller 146, the copper band 69 and the steel band 71 results »I from the following relationships:

r " - r ₂ - r ₂ [(..!

r, - = / · "+ Ts'2

; · ₂ ^ / · "+ T, + T _n - {- T _r ! 2

Hic. at mean

r ₀ the radius of the ball transfer unit 146:

T _{1 is} the radius of the center line of the steel belt 71 in the laminate 75:

r _{2 is} the radius of the center line of the copper tape 69 in the laminate 75:

I /..- the extension length of the steel band 71 in the laminate 75:

\ lr the extension length of the copper tape 69 in the laminate 75:

ι, - the temperature of the laminate 75 on the heating devices 110. minus the surrounding cmperatiii:

7 »the thickness of the steel band 71:

T _{r is} the thickness of the copper tape 69:
T _{n is} the thickness of the gable film 60.

After a spherical curvature has been transferred to the bands 69.71 by pulling the bands over After the ball roller 146 has been guided, the belts are moved from the ball roller down to the cylindrical one Cooling roller 147 moved further, cooling to ambient temperature taking place. Then will the laminate 75 is fed horizontally to the corrugating device 81. The cooling roller 147 is used to through the Ball roller 146 on the bands 69 and 71 or the laminate 75 spherical curvature again to cancel. Accordingly, after exiting the cooling roller 147, the laminate 75 is substantially flat. the The laminate is initially cooled by the air on its way to the cylindrical cooling roller and if this is not sufficient, the remaining cooling to room temperature can be carried out directly by the z. B. water-cooled cooling roller.

Preferably, the curvature is inversely proportional to the cooling rate Speed eliminated. The further production of the coaxial cable takes place according to FIG. 2 so that the wire for the center conductor 52 from the wire stock 76 into the wire drawing machine 78 through usual (not shown) feed or retraction wheels is retracted. The inner conductor 52 is through di ( Wire drawing machine 78 by means of an unspecified ge showed beveled and motor-driven Friction roller pulled. In this wire drawing machine 71, the inner conductor 52 is made more precisely as desired Dimensions reduced by means of a conventional wire drawing unit which is subject to ultrasonic vibrations Thereafter, the inner conductor 52 arrives in the disk application device 80, in which the insulating disks

ίο 54 applies to the indoor ladder.

After the wire drawing machine 78 and the disk applicator 80, the laminate 61 becomes the corrugation facility 81, FIG. 9, supplied. The shaft device 81 has a frame 386 and a drive motor 388 which drives a group of corrugated rollers 390, 391 via a belt 392. An output voltage Control roller 394 is coupled to a potentiometer 396 via a belt / pulley arrangement, see fig that any changes in the output speed dei

ao corrugated rolls 390,391 and the potentio meter can give a signal to the motor 388, urr

the speed change by a control circuit

(not shown) to compensate.

The corrugating machine 81 also has an input

Tension control roller 400 on. The roller 400 is arranged to be along a path 402 under the r Frame of a conventional spring motor 404 can slide so that a substantially constant tension au the laminate 61 can be exercised. The movement

of roller 400 along track 402 causes a change in a sliding wire resistor arrangement 406. The changes in the resistance value of order 406 cause changes in speed de: Motor, which is the last of the heaters IK

(Fig. 3) drives. The input voltage of the Lami nates 61 is thus controlled when the lamina passes between the corrugated rollers 390, 391.

With 408, 409, 410 guide rollers are designated which the laminate in a suitable manner the tension

feed control rollers 394. 400.

From Fig. 10 is the expediency of controlling us

the input voltage of the laminate

when this is curled by the rollers 390, 391

For any particular angular speed

of the rollers 390, 391 changes the linear speed speed of the laminate when it is moved by the rollers. Since the peripheral speed dei Rolls 390, 391 is constant and the linear speed of the laminate surface changes, eir must

The laminate glides over the roller surfaces.

According to FIG. 10 a symmetrically corrugated laminate occurs with controlled input voltage the roles on. The corrugations have according to derr

Prior art an unbalanced or beveled Shape on. This well-known shape is usually referred to as the "sawtooth" shape and stell! an unfavorable characteristic of a corrugated laminate

corrugated laminate is made, results in an unequal " shaped impedance within the known coaxial cable.

The mechanism on the basis of which the "sawtooth" shape develops is not entirely known it is assumed that it arises from non-uniform frictional forces which result from relative movement between the roller surfaces of the laminate surfaces to develop; these frictional forces seem in

Associated with the tension that is present in the laminate when it enters the corrugation device is introduced. It was found that controlling the voltage can reduce the "sawtooth" effect.

The different radii, profile heights, profile slopes and angles at the tangents of the radii according to FIG. 10 are used so that the inner Copper surface the least "absorption" with maximum level of loop strength, greatest flexibility and has minimal slope, the warping of the corrugated profile sveil the electrical characteristics of the coaxial cable strongly influenced.

According to FIG. 11, 12, after exiting between the corrugated sheets, the laminate arrives at the forming and soldering machine 82. The forming and soldering machine comprises a soldering station 442, an input guide 444, several forming roll stands 446, 446 with vertically oriented

10

oriented shafts and several form roll stands 448, 448 with horizontally oriented shafts.

The roller stands 448, 448 are power-driven via a conventional drive group which comprises a motor 450, a reduction gear 452 and a line shaft 454. Five roll stands 448, 448 are provided with five vertical roll stands 446, 446 spaced between them, all of the roll stands being arranged on a base bed 456 .

ίο Each of the five roll stands 448, 448 is provided with a usual right-angled power take-off 458 .

After the shaping of the outer tube Jas completed coaxial cable 50 is pulled through the Hauptrelbrolle 84 from the tubular shape, and the soldering machine 82, and wound onto the supply drum 88 via a receiving device 86th

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (3)

/.I/ «the extension length of the steel strip 71 claims: in the laminate 75; AU is the extension length of the copper tape 69 1. A method of making a radio frequency in the laminate 75; Coaxial cable, on the inner conductor of which is slotted 5 t _e, the temperature of the laminate 75 is attached to the insulating washers and its heating devices 110, minus the outer conductor from a mechanically stress-free ambient temperature;
connected, arched, band-shaped layer- T _s the thickness of the steel band 71 ;
material, the layer material consisting of T _c the thickness of the copper tape 69;
two metallic layers with different io T " the thickness of the adhesive film 60.
Thermal expansion coefficient is formed,
which, when heated to a certain temperature above the ambient temperature adhesive and flowable adhesive are connected, characterized by 15 the following process steps: The invention relates to a process for manufacturing of a high-frequency coaxial cable, on whose a) each layer (69, 71, 60) of the Schichtwerk- inner conductor slotted grommets is werstoffes plugged in continuously successive to and whose outer conductor of a mechanically following sections to the _20-energized connected by the adhesive arched, medium-dependent temperature band-shaped heated and layer material consists, the layer material being subjected to a certain three-dimensional curvature _{of two} j metallic layers with a distinction; Lich coefficient of thermal expansion is formed, b) the heated and curved layers of which by means of a hot heating on a certain layer material are cooled to an ambient temperature above the ambient temperature of the adhesive, whereby the three-dimensional and flowable adhesive are bonded,
Sional curvature during cooling. In a known embodiment of a coaxial is eliminated again; cable with corrugated outer conductor (German open c) successive sections of the filing document 1 615 065) the outer conductor consists of cooled layer material are equal to 3o a layer material, its metallic layers moderate tensile stress in a shaft device made of steel or copper with different heat output (81) and have expansion coefficients there with the corrugation. To manufacture the Mistake. Layer material is first between the steel layer and the in this known embodiment 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an adhesive layer is applied to the copper layer; records that the speed with which the resulting these three layers up: ^ ir softening of the three-dimensional curvature is eliminated again, the adhesive is heated so that the adhesive is reversed is effected in proportion to the cooling bond. With this warming speed of the layer material. the steel layer and the copper layer expand 3. Apparatus for producing a high-40 due to their different thermal expansion frequency coaxial cable according to claim 1 or 2, coefficients of different strengths (characterized by a device for difference AL). During the subsequent air cooling of the cool (147) of the layer material on the surrounding layer material or contraction of the steel-forming temperature as well as for the simultaneous removal and copper layer, the adhesive spacing in between must be the expansion difference AL in the form of segment-shaped running surface by means of a roller (146) with a spherical middle layer on the layers (69, a shear load. A consequence of this 71, 60) of the layer material applied three- is that the adhesive layer over a period of dimensional curvature, such that the layer tends to cold flow over several years, material after Cool down flat and mechanically until the shear stress is removed. nisch tension-free, the curvature so as a result of the cold flow change the transmission radius of the spherical segment-shaped running surface of the properties of the known coaxial cable, whereby roller (146), the radius of curvature with which when used in communication systems the running surface of the roller (146) is in contact standing initially correctly matched transmission amplifier layer (69) as well as the radius of curvature which are increasingly mismatched. In order to avoid this misadjustment of the running surface of the roller (146) as far as possible, the known cable for the layer (71) of the layer material would have to be stored for several years until the described following mathematical relationship measured cold flow of the adhesive layer to a standstill Geist: is coming. However, such a long storage time is r _o = r _t -r ₂ [(Al _s t _c ) - (Al _c t _e )] - Γ, / 2; practically impossible, on the one hand because of the high C ₁ - r ₀ - | - TsJ2; ^6o storage costs and on the other hand because of the rapid r ₂ = r ₀ + T ₁ + Ta + T _c β; technical development. Another impairment of the transmission This means that the properties of the known coaxial cable are created r _{0 is} the radius of the ball roller 146; in the corrugation of the cooled flat visible work- r _{x is} the radius of the center line of the steel strip. The known coating materials have namely des 71 in laminate 75; borrowed an asymmetrical shape, which resulted in r _{2 is} the radius of the center line of the copper - a non-uniform impedance of the coaxial cable tape 69 in the laminate 75; gives. It has been found that the cause of the un-