DE2163098A1 - Spray nozzle for liquid - Google Patents

Description

6 Fraii ^ -. ^ I j t: ii i4ain 70 SchMdcenhoisir. 27-part 617D79

December 17, 1971 Gzs / goe

FULLER COMPAWY

Spray nozzle for liquid

The present invention relates to a spray nozzle, and more particularly to a spray nozzle in which compressed gas is used to atomize the liquid to be sprayed. The spray nozzle is suitable for spraying large quantities of liquid, and is particularly suitable for use where there is a large amount of liquid When different liquids have to be sprayed. The spray nozzle of the present invention is designed to spray up to 600 liters (160 gallons) per minute.

Before the present invention was made, there were various Types of spray nozzles are known. With some nozzles, the liquid to be sprayed is pumped through a restrained mouth and the liquid is mechanically atomized. Nozzles that compress to use air to atomize the liquid are known. Aerosol containers use a compressed gas to Spray liquids, but such an arrangement is limited to spraying small amounts of liquids. Other nozzle arrangements employ a suction arrangement in which the liquid to be sprayed is delivered to a passage and compressed gas at a point adjacent that opening ge l.iof c-.rt is.

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These nozzles of known type are satisfactory for certain applications, but they are not adaptable to a wide range of liquid constrictions. Furthermore, most of the assemblies bump The prior art produces a spray pattern that is unacceptable for many applications. Another disadvantage of the known spray nozzles is the fact that for large liquid flow rates a high air pressure was necessary in order to atomize to reach. This often requires the use of more expensive air compressors.

The present invention is particularly applicable to the use of water evaporation applications such as cooling hot gas streams. In order to cool the hot gas stream, it is necessary to supply a large amount of water to the gas stream in the form of a fine spray that covers a large area. In most applications, in which iiasserver- ψ attenuation used to cool a gas stream, it is desirable to achieve a certain temperature. Because of changes in gas volume and temperature, different applications require different amounts of water to be sprayed into the gas stream. In order to obtain a nozzle which can be used for these many applications, a nozzle is needed which can spray water at violet oil flow rates and yet achieves sufficient atomization of the liquid. If one nozzle is at different flow rates

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BATH ORIGINAL

a single nozzle design can be used for virtually all such applications.

Another one for liquid spray nozzles that is useful for many applications An important feature is the ability to spray dirty water. For water evaporation applications the water to be sprayed is not filtered and often contains particulate matter. Lots of spray nozzles prior art clogs when attempting to spray dirty water. Use other liquid spray nozzles also require the spraying of unclean liquid. One such application is the atomization of liquids, to be burned in an incinerator. This liquid can contain particulate material such as 13. organic pre-saturation substances.

It is therefore the primary object of the present invention to provide a liquid coit spray nozzle to create capable of spraying liquids at a wide range of flow rates, however, sufficient atomization of the sprayed liquid is always achieved.

It is another object of this invention to provide a new liquid spray nozzle that is able to deliver a liquid

spray containing particulate matter.

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It is another object of this invention to provide a liquid spray nozzle to create that works essentially trouble-free and is able to spray large amounts of liquid.

In general, the above and other objects are achieved by k by a spray nozzle is provided, which consists of a mixing chamber having a device for supplying liquid to be sprayed into the mixing chamber, which further comprises means for supplying compressed gas to said mixing chamber and further comprises apparatus defining a smooth, substantially continuously narrowing nozzle for discharging a mixture of liquid and compressed gas from the mixing chamber.

• This nozzle for spraying liquids over a wide ' The th range of flow rates includes a pair of concentric tubular parts. Liquid to be sprayed is the inner tubular part and from there through a multitude from openings in the inner tubular part of a mixing chamber passed through the two tubular parts is defined. Compressed air becomes dom the outer tubular Part supplied and mixed with the liquid in the mixing chamber, and the mixture of liquid xind compressed or Air is given through a narrowing mouth. the

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narrowing mouth is through a, smooth:., essentially continuously narrowing contour defined. The capacity of the spray nozzle as measured by the liquid flow rate ", can be customized.

Further advantages, features and possible applications of the new invention emerge from the accompanying illustration of an exemplary embodiment and from the following description.

It shows:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the circuit used in the present Invention is applied,

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the nozzle of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. K is a partial sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of a modification of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a section corresponding to Fig. K showing a second modification of the present invention, and

Fig. 6 is a partial sectional view, on an enlarged scale f, of yet another modification of the present one

Invention,

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The present invention relates to a liquid spray nozzle and in particular to a spray nozzle for use in water evaporation applications. The nozzle structure is on best seen in FIG. The nozzle, generally designated 1, includes a first tubular portion 10 with first and second parts 10a and 10b, respectively, and a fc second, concentric tubular part 12 extending inside of the first tubular part. The second tubular part 12 is provided with a plurality of holes 1 * 1 · provided that a connection between the tubular parts Manufacture 10 and 12. A mixing chamber 16 is defined by the first tubular part 10 and the second tubular part 12.

A ring member 18 with a plurality of passages 20 is suitably connected to the first tubular member 10 by means Screws 22 and to the two-tone tubular part 12 by means a weld 23 attached. The ring part l8 is used to tubular part 12 to center within tubular part 10 and the tubular part 12 in a fixed position longitudinal position with respect to the first tubular Part 10 to keep.

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A line 25 for supplying the liquid to be sprayed is connected to the second tubular part 12 and can inside the first tubular part 10 by means of a plate 26 must be centered. A conduit 28 is tubular with the first feil 10 connected, o * m compressed gas into the interior the tube 10 to deliver.

A narrowing mouth 30 is at the open end of the first tubular part 10 and contains ed 11 venturi-shaped part 32. The upstream side of the narrowing The mouth tapers by an angle A and the discharge side 3'i dor the mouth tapers outwards by an angle D. A smooth radius connects the two sides of the mouth. A head device 38 is associated with the second tubular egg-shaped portion 12 connected and extends through the narrowing mouth 30, as can be clearly seen in FIG. The head device contains a Oberstroniseite that tapers at an angle C. and an outwardly tapered portion Ίθ that extends outward has an angle D. A generally smooth radius connects the two tapered parts. The angle A is larger than the angle C and the angle D is greater than the angle B. The narrowing The mouth 30 and the head assembly 38 define between a smooth, essentially continuously narrowing Contour * 12 that ends in a gap G. It is

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It is important that this contour narrows substantially uniformly and that there are no sharp shoulders on the contour. There shouldn't be a narrowing followed by an area of expansion with another narrowing.

It is believed that such an arrangement reduces the spray capacity of the nozzle.

In operation, liquid is supplied from a suitable source 50 (FIG. 1) through the conduit 25 by means of a pump 52 into the second tubular part 12 and from there through the passage l'i into the mixing chamber 16. Appropriate control devices (not shown) may be connected to the pump 52 to control the amount of liquid drawn to the nozzle 1. Compressed gas is supplied by a constant volume compressor through conduit 28 into first tubular part 10, through openings 20 in tubular part 18 and into mixing chamber 16. The compressed gas pushes the liquid through the continuously narrowing contour k2 and through the gap G. As the air supply surrounds the liquid supply, the air flow acts as an insulator to keep the liquid to be sprayed from boiling when the nozzle is in place high temperature is used.

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it. ■ ■ - '

With the nozzle of the present invention, a single configuration nozzle can be used to spray liquids over a wide range of flow rates. If it is desired to increase or decrease the range of liquid flow at which the nozzle works best, some dimensional modifications to the nozzle are necessary, but the basic nozzle configuration remains the same to 2 $ 5 1 (θ to 70 gallons) per minute when a certain fixed volume of air is supplied under pressure to the nozzle when it is desired to increase the flow rate range of O to ^l KK0 1 (O to l6O gallons) per minute, must the volume of the gas supplied to the nozzle under pressure can be increased in order to achieve the maximum liquid flow rate

I.
rate to get «In order to achieve a good atomization of the

. To reach the liquid, it is necessary to supply a certain volume of air. The pressurized volume of air, "Jas the nozzle of the invention is supplied, is iv ^r ird by the desired maximum determined liquid Durchi'lußrate. The same volume of air, of course, also provides good spray at lower fluid durometer flow rates.

the volume of compressed gas supplied to the nozzle If ι is to be increased, the size of the breakthroughs 20 in the ring

part 18 increased. To get a larger volume of liquid To allow flow through the nozzle and ensure good atomization of the liquid, the gap G must also be increased will. An important aspect of the present invention is that) once the gap> Gi for a certain maximum • the liquid flow rate has been set, it is no longer ^ Must be adjusted to keep the liquid flow rate up to to change this maximum. Although the nozzle does not need to be adjusted, good liquid atomization will be achieved achieved. ·

The size of the gap G can be adjusted in the factory by adjusting the position of the tubular part 12 longitudinally with respect to the tubular part IO. Such an adjustment changes the position of the head device jQ with regard to the restraint 30 · If so desired, for example

W is to increase the size of the gap 6 as shown in Fig. 2 seen to U, is the tubular member 12 moves to the right \ with respect to the tubular member 10. Once the desired gap width is reached, the weld 23 is made. The second part 10b of the first tubular part is then attached to the first part 10a by means of screws22. The nozzle is then continuously adjusted for the desired flow rate range. -

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In accordance with the wide range of flow rates achievable with the present invention, in most applications, once the nozzle of the present invention is installed, there is no need to adjust the nozzle. However, if desired, the spray nozzle can be made adjustable. Examples of adaptive arrangements are shown in Fig. K and 5. In FIG. D, the adaptation is achieved by means of a screw connection between the second tubular part 12 and the ring plate 18. If it is desired to vary the size of the gap G, it is only necessary to screw the part 12 through the ring part 18. Since the ring member 18 is fixedly connected to the tubular part 10 by means of screws 22, there is no adjustment between the head portion 38 ^{a nd} the restraint 30. In Fig. 5, the adjustment ifird achieved by the ring member l8 is welded to the tubular part 12 and to provide a plurality of washers 60 between the flange 19 on the ring member l8 and a plate 6l to which the tubular member 10 is attached. When it is desired to widen the gap G, one or more of the washers 60 are removed. When the screws 22 are tightened, the annular part 10 and thus the retainer 30 is moved relative to the tubular part 12 and the gap G is widened. If it is desired to decrease the gap G, additional washers 60 are added and relative movement takes place between the valve member 38 and the retainer 30 to narrow the gap G.

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From Fig. 6 it can be seen that the size of the angles A and D can be changed. The important property is that the angle A should be greater than the angle C and the angle D greater than the angle B, so that a continuously narrowing contour results. If the angles and are smaller than shown in Fig. 6, it is assumed that a nozzle is obtained which is suitable for low flow rates. The wider angle shown in Fig. 2 is more suitable for the high flow rates desired for the water evaporation nozzles. The nozzle of Figure 6 is believed to be more desirable for the lower flow rates required for combustion applications.

From the foregoing it should be apparent that the objects of this invention have been achieved. A nozzle structure has been found which is adaptable and suitable for a wide range of flow rates. Excellent atomization of the liquid to be sprayed was achieved. The continuous contraction of the nozzle ensures good atomization and fluid flow. Large amounts of water can be sprayed. The nozzle has been successfully tested at fluid rates up to kkO 1 (160 gallons) per minute. Because of the relatively wide gap, the nozzle is of the present invention

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able to spray liquids with particulate matter contained therein. This is particularly important in incineration applications, where the liquid to be sprayed contains particulate material and in the case of water evaporative cooling, where dirty, unfiltered water is used.

Claims (11)

Claims 1. ) A spray nozzle characterized by a first tubular part with a narrowing mouth at one end, a second ^ tubular part secured within the first tubular part, with at least one opening therein for making a connection between the first tubular Portion and the second tubular portion, head devices attached to the second tubular portion and extending through the narrowing mouth of the first tubular portion, the narrowing opening and the head device defining its smooth, substantially continuously narrowing contour which ends in a gap, devices for supplying the spraying liquid to one of the first and second tubular parts and devices for supplying compressed gas to the other of the first and second tubular parts, the liquid being mixed with the compressed gas in the first tube Mix the n-shaped part and dispense the mixture from the first tubular part through the gap. 2161098 2. Spray nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e η nzeichne t that the liquid to be sprayed is supplied to the second tubular part, and that compressed Gas is supplied to the first tubular part. 3. Spray nozzle according to claim 2, g e k e η η-records by means for centering the second tubular part within the first tubular part, the centering device having at least one opening for the passage of the compressed Gas. k. Spray nozzle according to claim 3, wherein the narrowing opening is characterized by a lower neck part and an opening part downstream of the lower neck part, which opens at a first angle, while the capping device is characterized by an opening part at a second angle, the is greater than the first angle. 5. Spray nozzle according to claim 4, characterized geken n that draws the headboard in terms of itself constricting opening is adjustable. 209828/0681 6. Spray nozzle according to claim 4, characterized by, that the second tubular part is adjustable is in terms of the first tubular member to thereby a device for adjusting the position of the head device with respect to the narrowing mouth deliver. 7 «Spray nozzle according to claim 6, wherein the centering device is characterized by a ring part that is fixed to the first tubular part is connected, and which is screwed to the second annular part to a device to defile to adjust the second tubular part « 8 »Spray nozzle according to claim 6, wherein the centering device is characterized by a ring part which is fixedly connected to the second tubular part and which is adjustably attached to the first tubular part, to define a device for adjusting the second tubular part » 209828/0681 9. A spray nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that > the narrowing mouth has a lower part of the neck and an opening part downstream of the lower part of the neck, which opens at a first angle, and wherein the head device has an opening part at a second angle which is greater than the first angle. "2" if 5 - Trie 10. Spray nozzle according to claim 1, el a d u r c h g e k e η η-records, that a variety of thru chbr borrowed in thorn there is a second tubular portion adapted to interlock with the first tubular portion at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the first tubular part are in communication. 11. Spray nozzle, characterized by a Device defining a mixing chamber, device for supplying liquid to be sprayed to dt3r Mixing chamber, device for the feeding of compressed a Gas to the mixing chamber and device for defining a smooth, substantially continuously narrowing Mouth for dispensing the mixture of liquid and compressed gas from the mixing chamber. 0 ;:, -./C- i j