DE2150386A1 - Brush, especially toothbrush - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS 2150386
MUNICH 15
KAISER-LUDWlG-PLATZ β
TEL 0911/530211
530212
CABLES; THOPATENT
TELEX: TO FOLLOW Dipi.-chem. Dr D. Thomsen Dipi-mg. H. Tiedtke
Dipl.-Chem. G. BÜhHfig Dipl.-Ing. R. ΚΪΙΊΙΊΘ FRANKFURT (MAIN) Bo
FUCHSHOHL 71
TEL. 0611/51 «9« Dipi.-ing. W.Weinkauff

Reply requested to: Please reply to:

8000 Munich 15 October 8, 1971

Indiana University Foundation Bloomington (USA)

Brush, especially toothbrush

The invention relates to brushes, in particular toothbrushes, in which the bristle material with which the brush is made contains an abrasive, in particular a dental abrasive, incorporated therein.

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BAD ORfQINAL

In today's dental health field, teeth brushing is usually done with an inert brushing device. a device which can be used with a dentifrice (either toothpaste or tooth powder) is adapted, the dentifrice containing an abrasive material which is used for cleaning of teeth (i.e. to remove stains, plaque, cuticles, and Tartar) is formed. Although currently known dentifrices are not entirely satisfactory in this regard It was essential that the dentifrice contain such an abrasive in order to obtain a satisfactory degree of cleanliness to achieve. Albeit in fact so-called liquid dentifrices (i.e. dentifrices, which are an abrasive not incorporated) were known, they were completely unsatisfactory because of their inability to cope with the hard tissues of the mouth clean.

However, as a result of the creation of mineral components (abrasives) in dentifrices, they are therapeutic Advantages of water-soluble fluoride ion and containing stannous ion Anticariogenic agents are seriously limited in such dentifrices been. The abrasives have a deactivating effect on the stannous and fluoride ion components.

Dental research has provided substantial evidence that / ?, beyond the age of 40 the loss of teeth is predominantly the result of periodontal entanglements, instead of Dental caries, is. The most important financial factor, which is

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Contributing to dontal disease is the accumulation of tartar (e.g. saliva tartare) on the teeth. These deposits lead to inflammation of the tissues of the surrounding meat and, as the severity of the conditions increases, the supporting bone is also seized. These reactions lead to decay of the supporting structures with subsequent loss of mass of the teeth.

To date available toothbrushing systems have been relatively unsatisfactory tooth enamel polishing properties are shown and are therefore in the prevention of the accumulation of materia alba, of residues, Plaque, skin, stains, and tartar were not fully effective. Even if such systems to varying degrees are able to remove materia alba, food particles, external stains and other pigmentation from the tooth surface, when They are used for ordinary daily brushing, so hai: en They have not shown the ability to remove the more resilient forms of enamel pigmentation and create a smooth one To produce tooth surface, polygamy is resistant to the formation of new tartar.

According to the invention is therefore primarily the cleaning and Polishing of the teeth can be increased by using a device rather than by toothbrushing systems. Furthermore, according to the invention a toothbrush can be provided which includes bristles having incorporated therein an abrasive component which is useful for cleaning and polishing teeth is capable. According to the invention, a

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Brush can be created which is specially adapted for use with liquid dentifrices, which are soluble, anticariogenic Medium, but no incompatible sole components contain.

Furthermore, according to the invention, a bristle material is to be created v / ground, which is designed to be used on conventional toothbrush handles to be attached, the bristle material incorporating a dental abrasive which is suitable for use with a liquid dentifrice, the latter being therapeutically anticariogenic adjuvants, however does not contain any incompatible mineral abrasives. aside from that according to the invention, a bristle material for a toothbrush is intended which is an effective length of dental abrasive is incorporated, which is the same as an abrasive component of a dentifrice preparation, so that therapeutic Cleaning and polishing effects of the dentifrice the conventional abrasive material can be completed and increased, which is provided in the bristle material.

Related thereto, the invention is also intended to A toothbrush device has been created which has improved cleaning and polishing performance (especially with regard to the Prevents a re-accumulation of tartar, tooth skin, hateria alba and the more resistant forms of spots and pig mounts on hard oral tissue).

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ORIGINAL BATHROOM

The above and other objects, advantages and features are achieved according to the invention through the use of a brush with bristle material, which consists of threads made of plastic material or contains such threads, into which up to about 30% by weight of an abrasive material, in particular zirconium silicate particles, are incorporated. In particular, where the bristle material ends up in a toothbrush, the abrasive is a dental abrasive, preferably zirconium silicate (ZrRiO ₄ ), calcium pyrophosphate (Ca ₂ P ₂ 07), anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate (CaFPO), calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (CaHPO, .2H ₉ O), insoluble sodium metaphorsphate / "0IaPO ₀ ), - 7, calcium carbonate (CaCO ,,), aluminum oxide (.Al ₉ O ₃ ), tin dioxide (SnO ₉ ), talc / Mg ₃ Si ₁ O ₁ ^ (OH) ₉ ? , or mixtures thereof.

line particularly preferred brush has tufts of bristles, each tuft having at least one first type of bristle, which have a relatively smooth surface and a generally circular cross-section; and which abrasives is incorporated in an amount of at least about 7.5 Cev /%; and having at least one second type of bristle which are non-circular in cross-section and which are abrasive is incorporated in an amount not greater than about 5 percent by weight; v / whether the diameter of the first bristles is larger than that the second bristle.

Figure 1 is a side view of aon made in accordance with the present invention Brush;

Figure 2 is a plan view thereof;

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BATH ORIGINAL

Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view showing essentially is taken along line 3-3 in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a partial side view of another in accordance with the invention manufactured brush;

Figure 5 is a partial plan view thereof;

Figure 6 is an enlarged plan view of a tuft of bristles of that;

Figure 7 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken substantially along line 7-7 in Figure 5; and

Figure 8 is a view of a dental prophylactic brush made in accordance with the present invention.

Figures 1 to 3 illustrate a brush 20, for example Toothbrush 20 made using the conventional Handle deformation and bristle tufting technique be made like. However, up to about 30% by weight is an adequate dental abrasive incorporated into the molten plastic material from which the bristles are extruded or otherwise are formed so that the extruded bristle is therefore an abrasive component contains. This bristle material is processed on conventional machine tools (not shown) and in brought the shape of a number of tufts 22, which can be provided in an opening 2M, which is in a handle or Brush head 2ß of the brush 20 is located.

Plastics from which the inventive bristle material can be extruded include polyamides such as nylon and

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BATH ORIGINAL

flexible polystyrene; Polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene: Acetals; Urethanes and the like. Mixtures of plastics can be used with advantage. Particularly preferred as Plastic for making the bristle material impregnated with abrasive, which is illustrated in Figures 1 through 3 is nylon 6-10.

As noted above, there is a special feature of inventive brush in that up to about 30 wt .-% of a dental abrasive are incorporated into the bristle material which the brush is made. The abrasive can be in the plastic from which the bristles are extruded or in another Formed, incorporated in any convenient way. For example, the abrasive material can be physically included The plastic can be mixed before it is chopped, or you can put plastic chunks and abrasives in suitable ones Mix quantities in a suitable mill before introducing the plastic into the extruder-forming device. In essentially any such method can be used provided the molten plastic reaching the mold is up to contains about 30% by weight of the cleaning and polishing agent.

Even if up to about 30% by weight of abrasives with satisfactory Results can be used, best results are obtained with about 2 to 10 weight percent abrasive.

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BATH ORIGINAL

Suitable dental abrasives include zirconium silicate, ZrSiO ₁₊ , talc, Mg ₃ Si ₁ ^ O _1n * (OH) ₉ , calcium pyrophosphate, Ca ₉ P ₂ O ₇ , calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate / anhydrous calcium hydrogen phosphate, CaIIPO ₁ ^ H ₂ OZCaFPO ₁₊ , insoluble sodium naphosphate (FaPO ₃ ) _χ , calcium carbonate, CaCO ₃ , aluminum oxide, Al ₂ O ₃ , tin oxide, SnO ₂ and others. Mixtures of these agents can be used.

The particle size of dental abrasives can be expressed in a number of ways. One of the most common ways is the ' "mean diameter", i.e. the arithmetic mean of the diameters of the particles in a representative sample. The term "particle size" as used hereinafter refers to to a mean diameter value.

Zirconium silicate is eir; well-known industrial abrasive, which is used for grinding and polishing glass and ceramics, but prior to this invention. is this material not for Use as a cleaning and polishing agent, which directly ir The bristles of an otherwise conventional toothbrush for frequent and direct application to the teeth is proposed been. The extreme hardness and the abrasive properties, which the zirconium silicate shows (for example a Fürte number of 7, Γ · _on the liohs scale for commercially available zirconium silicate such as types, which are used for grinding glass) would be familiar to the person skilled in the art suggest that zirconium silicate would severely damage the tooth structure (i.e. it would rub off and scratch) and thus cause Use on the teeth would be inappropriate. However, it is certain—

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been asked that it can be used gently under the conditions according to the invention.

The preparation of zirconium silicate of suitable particle size, can be carried out using conventional, known technology. This technique basically involves milling zirconium silica ore (Zircon) with subsequent sieving using a standard sieve (or separation using air) in order to separate out the desired particle size. To get the desired surface configuration for the ' Different milling techniques can be used to achieve zirconium silicate particles can be applied. For example, the particles can be prepared by grinding with a ball mill or hammer mill will. The cleaning and polishing agent according to the invention preferably consists of a mixture of ball-milled and hammer-milled materials Particles.

As is known, hammer mills use a rapidly rotating shaft on which a number of hammers are mounted. The hammers can be T-shaped elements, rods or rings, which are attached or hinged to the shaft or to discs, the latter being hinged to the shaft. The shaft runs in a housing which contains hollow plates or chucks. The ^: dialing effect results from the impact between the material to be nudged and the moving hammers. When zirconia is ground by a grinding technique such as hammer milling, relatively rough, jagged particles are produced. Particles

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with such a jagged surface configuration, act in terms of relatively superior to teeth cleaning compared to Particles with a smoother configuration.

Similarly, a ball mill has a cylindrical or conical shell that rests on a horizontal axis
turns and which is charged with a Mahlriedium like balls made of steel, pebble or porcelain. The grinding takes place through the supporting effect of the balls on the material to be ground. Particles of zirconium silicate which have been treated in a ball mill of the type described have a relatively smooth surface configuration and work better in terms of polishing than particles with a more jagged configuration. Similar
Techniques can be compared with the others used in the present invention
Abrasives are applied. One or more of the foregoing other tooth cleaning and polishing agents are preferred
Abrasives for use in making the invention.
Such mixtures should contain about 1 * hour of zirconium silicate and preferably about 10% zirconium silicate or more, based on the weight of the mixture. Particularly preferred
Abrasives are written down in the following examples:

Example 1

The preferred abrasive system is zirconium silicate tin dioxide d mixture, which is described in U.S. Patent 3,378'H-: 5 is described,

209321/0560

Example 2

Particle size percent by weight

ZrSiO

■ o

<5 u 70%

> 5 / u <10 / u 15%

> 10 / u <20 / u 15%

Example 3

Another preferred Sehlcifsystem consists of a mixture in a weight ratio of 1: 1 of aluminum oxide, Al ₅ O ₃ (2H0 Haschen) and zirconium silicate particles in a particle size range of up to about 8 microns.

The brush 20 can be used on the power grip adapted to an automatic toothbrush by turning the Handle changed in a known manner and by the size of the brush head 26 and the number of tufts of bristles 22 in likewise known wines. In a similar manner, the inventive Bristle material can be used in a denture brush. GebiP.brushes can be used for all types of dentures (i.e. complete dentures, removable bridges and partial dentures), and when compared to conventional denture brushes, they are significantly less abrasive than the acrylic resin of which they are made the dentures are formed. The bristles according to the invention can can also be used on a dental prophylactic brush. F.ine

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Such prophylactic brush, which is shown in Figure 8, has a brush head or a base 60, which nit a Screw 6 2 is equipped, which is suitable for attachment to a dental prophylaxis bracket. Protruding from the brush head 60, there are a number of bristles 6 4, which are arranged in the form of a tuft. Such a prophylactic brush will used professionally to carry out dental prophylaxis and can be used advantageously with a dental prophylactic paste.

Particularly good results can be achieved with toothbrushes according to the invention where the abrasive incorporated into the bristle material is also used in the teeth cleaning system which one applies with the brush.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIGS. A brush 40 has a handle 42 and a brush head or brush base ¹ Mf with a number of tufts of bristles 46 which are mounted in the brush head 44 in a conventional manner. However, a brush according to the invention should have at least one tuft 46.

Each tuft of bristles 46 is of two different types of bristles 50 and 52 (see in particular Figure 6). The tufts 46 should have at least one bristle of each type 50 and 52 and, as shown, the number of each type should be substantial be the same. Even though the exact number of bristle strands depends on the size of the tuft, here it has

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BATH ORIGINAL

Tufts 46 five bristles of each type, which in tufts arbitrarily are distributed.

The bristles 50 are generally circular in cross-section and thus have generally smooth sides, except for the natural roughness caused by the abrasive particles dispersed therein. The bristles 52 have a shaped cross-section (see Figure G) and therefore have a generally rough outer surface. Although the cross-section of the branches 52 can be designed in any desired shape, the T ₁ longitudinal llon arrangement shown in the drawing is preferred because it can easily be formed during the extrusion of the thread. The bristles 50 preferably contain abrasive material! in greater quantity than the bristles 52. In particular, the bristles 50 comprise more than about 7.5% by weight, preferably about 10% by weight, of abrasives, whereas the bristles 52 do not contain more than about 5% by weight, preferably have about 2 wt .- * abrasives. In addition, the bristles 52 have a substantially larger diameter than the bristles 50 (by a factor of 25 to 75ό, preferably about 50%). For example, the bristles 50 can advantageously have a diameter of approximately 0.2 mm, while the diameter of the bristles 52 can be approximately 0.3 mm. The bristles 50 are particularly useful in imparting a high degree of polish to the tooth without unduly abrading it. The bristles 52 serve to clean the teeth well and have good wear properties.

209821/0560 BAD

In addition to being useful on fan toothbrushes, the unique combination of bristles 50, 52 can also be used are used on brush heads for automatic toothbrushes, denture brushes. Prophylactic brushes, as well as brushes of other types.

By combining the bristles 50 and 52 in the above In this way, the benefit can be increased to the greatest possible extent and you can achieve essential dental health benefits. One clean and very highly polished tooth surface can be achieved (causing the accumulation and re-accumulation of plaque, tooth skin and tartar is reduced), which not only helps to minimize periodontal disease, but also serves to reduce the incidence of dental caries. It also creates a superior Herat for stimulating the gums and the health benefits of the dog, which resulting from it can be achieved.

The main benefit of the invention in terms of hygienic and therapeutic oral health is experimental in FIG has been affirmed in the following manner.

The superiority of the inventive, abrasive-containing Brushing has been confirmed by the following experimental evaluations. It became an outright lazy cleaning test used to evaluate a number of toothbrushes, among which were 3 brushes that were manufactured according to the invention became. This test includes the use of polyester plastic

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BATH ORIGINAL

Blocks of fabric suitable for use in an electric toothbrush chine were specially designed. The blocks are sanded smooth, washed, dried, and surfaced A thin black lacquer coating is carefully applied to the block. The blocks are then put in a toothbrush machine inserted and with the brushes 3000 double tube under one Brushed print on the paint surface of 150 g. Under use a reflectometer are then reflection measurements of the Blocks scored. The cleaning values of the tested materials are given in Table I on a scale in the range from 0 to 6.5, where a higher value indicates greater cleanability (i.e. higher reflectivity, caused by greater removal of the paint is indicative of better cleanability).

Tooth enamel buffing values were also obtained according to a so-called "toothbrush buffing" operation. The tongue-sided Surfaces of freshly extracted anterior teeth are reduced in size with the aid of a diamond disc and the teeth are made by means of a low-melting alloy such as Wood-tletall or using an acrylic resin such as ethacrylate, on hexagonal jigs mounted, which are designed so that they fit on the movable stage of the reflectometer. The exposed lip-side surface of each tooth becomes in such a Mounted so that the height of the outline is a suitable distance above the base of the jig. While throughout the entire process, care is taken to ensure that

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BATH ORIGINAL

Ensure that the teeth do not become dry to prevent damage to the tooth tissue. The exposed tooth cutting surface is then blunted by keeping it 0.10% iger for 30 seconds Exposing hydrochloric acid (pH 2.2). Remaining on the tooth surface Acid is neutralized by putting the tooth for 'instant' Transferred to a saturated sodium carbonate solution for 30 seconds. The tooth is then rinsed with water and extinguished dry.

The maximum reflectivity of the blunted tooth surface is determined by means of a reflectometer, which is specially designed to determine the changes in the degree of polishing of the enamel surface to prove. The "eflectometer is built that the tooth enamel is exposed to a beam of polarized light and the amount of light which from the tooth enamel surface -reflected is determined by a photoelectric cell, which in turn operates a galvanometer. Ever The smoother the enamel surface, the lower the henge diffuse and absorbed light and therefore the GaIvanometer reading the higher.

After the maximum reflective capacity of the blunted Tooth, the tooth is polished with a toothbrush, depending on a specific number of strokes on an automatic one Toothbrush machine is attached .. After the tooth has been polished, the enamel surface is rinsed with water to remove it remove remaining particles of the cleaning and polishing agent,

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BATH ORIGINAL

and the reflectivity of the enamel surface becomes again measured with the tooth in exactly the same position as that used to make the reading to achieve "blunt". The absolute change in the degree of reflectivity between dulled and polished enamel surfaces, is taken as a measure of the degree of polishing imparted by the treatment.

The cleaning and polishing values are in the above similar manner has been achieved for toothbrushes of the type shown in Figures 1 to 3 and these data as well as comparative data, The results obtained for a conventional non-abrasive manual toothbrush are summarized in Table I:

Table I.

Brush type bristle polishing agent concen- tration cleaning polishing ratio Polishing ratio medium

manually nylon ZrSiO ₁ /
Al ₂ O ₃ + - 2.30 1.56 manually nylon ZrSiO ₁ , /
Al ₂ O ₃ + 2 1.83 0.50 manually nylon ZrSiO ₄ / 5 1.99 0.60 manually nylon ZrSiO./
SnO ₂ ++ 10 2.57- 2.36 manually nylon ZrSiO ₄ / 2 1.93 1.06 manually nylon 5 3.08 3.38

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manually
manually nylon
nylon ZrSiO _u /
SnO ₂₊ J
ZrSiO ₄ +++ 10
2 3.17
1.01 3.66
1.16 manually nylon ZrSiO ₄ +++ 5 2.00 manually nylon ZrSiO ₁₄ +++ 10 1.5.9 3, R0

1: 1 mixture of Al ₃ O ₃ (2 40 mesh) and ZrSiO ₄ ZrSiO ^ abrasive of the USA patent 3 378 ZrSiO ₁₊ 70% <5yu;15%> 5 <10, u; 15%,> 10

In order to more closely approximate practical conditions of use, an operation is used in which an automatic toothbrushing power unit is held by a subject at a tension of about 75 + 25 g. In order to eliminate the possibility of inequalities, two different test subjects are used and all brushes are encoded with the identity which is unknown to the test subject. Polyester blocks coated with varnish are selected which have an initial reflectivity of> 8.5, using a reflectometer with an Onyx standard value of 10.0. The blocks are then brushed for 15 seconds with the appropriate system in the presence of a 1: 2 slurry of the abrasive system (20 g abrasive or dentifrice; 40 ecm aqueous 1% carboxymethyl cellulose solution). The amount of paint removed is determined by the decrease in reflectivity.

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BAD ORiGfNAL

Polishing and slipping evaluations are obtained by an operation in which the device is held in the hand of a test person. For tooth enamel polishing, selected tooth enamel samples are blunted by etching (30 seconds immersion in 0.1% UCl followed by 30 seconds immersion in saturated aqueous Na ₂ Co ₃ solution) and the reflectivity is determined using a reflectometer, which is standardized at 8.5 with an onyx stone. Since the polishing of tooth enamel is an additive phenomenon, the teeth are polished for 15 minutes with the appropriate device-brush-system and the above-described dentifrice / abrasive slurry. The reflectivity of the tooth enamel is then determined and the increase used as a measure of the polishing ability of the system. In each case the identical set of teeth is used. The results are expressed as a ratio based on a value of 2.0, which is obtained with the regular nylon brush and a dentifrice Ca ₂ P ₂ O ₇ . The abrasion values for tooth enamel and dentin are obtained after the known basic work step with radioactive teeth with individual exposure times of 2 minutes and 1 minute, respectively.

Cleaning, polishing and grinding data are provided in the preceding Way obtained using bristles which contain the grinding system of Example 1 and for comparison purposes, non-impregnated bristles are also used. the

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Brush with the coding Λ has tufts, which have 5 fibers of 0.2 mm circular nylon threads each, which contain 10% Contain abrasives, and have designed 0.3mm nylon threads, which contain 2% abrasives. The brush B has tufts containing 4 fibers of 0.2 mm circular nylon threads each containing 10% abrasive and 0.3mm designed nylon filaments without abrasive. The brush C has tufts comprising 6 fibers of 0.2 mm circular nylon filaments containing 10% abrasive and 7 fibers Have 0.2 mm circular nylons that do not contain any abrasive. The data given in Table II affirm that the best results are obtained with Brush A, a mixture of two different types of abrasive impregnated Threads which is the preferred embodiment of the invention forms.

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Table II

ro ο to

ro

ο a \ ο

to brush
system Cleaning dates Cleaning
relationship %
linden
tion Polishing data Foreman
ver
ratio %
Change
tion Grinding data REA RDA
(Enamel) (dentine) Tooth-
Brush plaster
middle 1 4.00 + o.15 ⁺ Toothbrushing
sanding tools 2.00 + 0.36 ■ Tooth cleaning - 8.00 + 0.50 650 + 50 regular
res C
Uy lon Ca ₂ P ₂ O ₇ Ca ₂ P ₂ O ₇

A Ca ₃ P ₃ O ₇ 4.56 + 0.15 +14.0 ^++. Ca ₃ P ₂ O ₇ 3.59 + 0.43 +79.4 ⁺⁺ Ca ₃ P ₃ O ₇ 7.68+ 0.99 347 + 36 ⁺⁺ B Ca ₂ P ₂ O ₇ 4.24 + 0.25 + 6.0 Ca ₃ P ₃ O ₇ 2.84 + 0.58 +41.9 Ca ₃ P ₃ O ₇ 5 .01 + 0.67 ^ ⁺ 572 + 69

Ca ₃ P ₂ O ₇ 3.25 + 0.16 -18.7 Ca ₃ P ₃ O ₇ 3.64 + 0.53 +81.9

not sold 593 + 50
joinable

mean normal margin of error

Significantly different from regular nylon brushes (P <0.05).

OI O CO CO

Polishing data is also obtained using the usual reflectometer operation with the set at 8.5 Onyx standard on a scale from 1 to 10 for a range of brushes which, using different grinding systems, formed from tufts of a series of threads of circular and shaped cross-sections. The enamel sections are blunted, brushed 4500 strokes with a tension of 150 g while they are in aqueous 1% carboxymethyl cellulose solution are immersed, and the increase in polishing is determined.

The ordinary cleaning operation is also used using lacquer-coated polyester blocks. at an onyx standard set to 10.0, v / ground the blocks selected, using only blocks with a pre-reading of > 8.5 used. The blocks are then brushed with the appropriate brushes during 3000 strokes with a tension of 150 g they are immersed in an aqueous 1% carboxymethyl cellulose solution. The amount of paint removed is expressed as one decrease measured by means of the reflectometer. Table III gives the cleaning and polishing dates for these brushes.

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Toothbrush identity

Thread type cleaning and polishing agent

Regular nylon circular

designed nylon

example III Il III Il III 11 II Il II Il II Il I. Il I.

CaSiO-

III II

Table III Enamel
polishing point
number Cleaning
score onz. 1.40 + 0, S ⁺ 1.11 + 0.27 - 2.59 + 0.43 5.41 + 0.90 2 2.55 + 0.21 6.52 + 0.23 5 3.66 + 0.35 7.16 + 0.32 IO 2.2 3 + 0.18 4.62 + 0.62 2 3.13 + 0.21 4.18 + 0.57 5 5.53 + 0.53 6.40 + 0.65 10 1.79 + 0.10 5.02 + 0.54 2 3.19 + 0.27 6.28 + 0.48 5 5.31 + 0.48 7.70 + 0.23 10 2.13 + 0.33 4.46 + 0.45 2 3.38 + 0.40 5.97 + 0.46 2 2.04 + 0.11 5.51 + 0.83 2 0.53 + 0.15 1.97 + 0.36 2

mean normal margin of error

CD CO OO CD

The data in Table III confirm that in general the incorporation of selected abrasives to a significant (p <o, o5) increase in tooth cleaning and polishing compared to a comparable, non-impregnated toothbrush bristle. Furthermore, the cleaning and Polishing efficiency related to the concentration of abrasive in the bristles, but other factors (wear and acceptance by the consumer) there may be practical limits on the quantities of abrasive used within the actual limits set.

Using the above procedures, cleaning and polishing data are obtained for: a conventional nylon-II toothbrush (PC control brush); a Wylon bristle brush made of 0/2 mm threads of circular cross section and containing 100 abrasive material of Example 1; (Brush A) a nylon-B first brush made of bristles shaped in the same way as bristles 52 in Figure 6 and containing the abrasive material of the example (brush B); and a brush using an equal number of bristles from brushes h and B (brush C) The data summarized in Table IV demonstrate that brush C is a significant improvement over the .. control brush. In addition, the wear properties and acceptance properties by the consumer make brush C more advantageous over brushes A and B.

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BAD ORIOfNAL Table IV

Toothbrush identity

Toothed teeth ironing polishing score

Cleaning point number

Regular! Cylon Brush Λ Brush B Brush C

mean norrr.a.le margin of error

l, 4o - ο, οΟ *

4.32 - ο, 51
2, o4 - o, ll
2.59 - o.44

1.11 - o, 27 £ 6.52 o, 58 5.27 - o, 3o 5.88 - o, 12

The cleaning and polishing effectiveness of the inventive Brushing when used on a bit is demonstrated as follows. Samples made from methyl methacrylate, which is usually is used for full and partial dentures, a metal mold is used instead. Own the samples rectangular shape with the dimensions 12.7 12.7 χ 9.5 mm (length χ width χ height). The samples are blunted by you rub them on an extra fine emery cloth on a flat surface and the reflectivity of the blunt. Surface is determined using a reflectometer, which is standardized at lo, o with an onyx block. Samples Then 6,000 strokes are brushed with the appropriate toothbrush in a mechanical brushing machine, namely with a voltage of 300 g and in the presence of a 2: 1 slurry of the Denture cleaner. The post-treatment reflective ability v / is determined and the increase considered as evidence of the acrylic polishability of the system.

Polyester blocks coated with varnish are dried to constant weight and then in the presence of the denture cleaner tte Is brushed with the appropriate brush, using the mechanical brushing machine with loooo strokes and one Applying tension of 300 g. The blocks are then dried and weighed to determine the amount of paint removed and thus the Determine cleaning effectiveness. The results are given in Table V.

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BATH ORIGINAL Table V

Toothbrush identity

Acrylic polishing denture cleaning abrasive score by means of

Cleaning Score (mg removed)

ο cn σ> ο

Commercially available bit brush (ο, 3 irin nylon bristles)

v / oak nylon bristles

lo% abrasive from Example 1 in nylon 0.3 mm

lo% abrasive from Example 1 in nylon 0.2 mn

ZrSiO ^

ZrSiO ^

3.18 - 0.22 * 2.41 - o, o3

3.96 - o.23

3.26 - o.37

4.38 - o.27 3.89 - o.17

5.34 - o, o9 4.49 - o, 15

mean normal margin of error

O CO 00 CD

A comparison based on the same bristle diameter shows that the brushes with impregnated bristles are significantly superior to conventional nylon (ρ ^ ο, οΐ) in terms of both cleaning and polishing of bitten.

It can be seen from the foregoing that brushes which use bristles containing abrasive media according to the invention on iron, in particular Brushes which have a mixture of the two types of bristles as described above represent a significant advance offer on the prayer of dental health. Use of this device allows more effective cleaning and polishing of tooth surfaces for the purpose of removing and repairing the formation of new plaque, tooth skin and tartar.

Including the impregnated bristle material according to the invention especially useful when used in toothbrushes, such bristle material is also of great use, when used in other types of brushes such as cleaning brushes, hairbrushes, industrial brushes, etc. A particularly useful, non-dental application of the invention is in the manufacture of brushes which are used for washing Automobiles are useful.

209821/0560

BAD ORlQINAt

Claims (1)

Claims Brush with bristle material, characterized in that the bristle material consists of synthetic fibers or the bristle material contains synthetic fibers, with zirconium silicate (ZrSiO ₁ ); Potassium pyrophosphate (Ca ₂ P ₀ Oy); calcium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous (CaIIPO ₁ ); Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (CaHPO ₁ , * 2H ₀ O); Insoluble sodium metaphosphate /, "(NaPO ₀ ) ../; calcium carbonate (CaCO); aluminum oxide (Al ₀ O ₀ ); talc / JIg ₀ Si ₄ O. ^ (OH) ₂ /; tin dioxide (SnO ₀ ); or mixtures thereof are incorporated as a dental abrasive, and xvobei the dental abrasive to the threads in a Kenge up o is present at about 30 wt ^P. 2. Brush according to claim 1, characterized in that dan Dental abrasive is zirconium silicate. 3. Brush according to claim 1, characterized in that the dental abrasive is a mixture of zirconium silicate and tin dioxide. ¹ I-. Brush according to claim 1, characterized in that the dental abrasive is a mixture of zirconium silicate and aluminum oxide. 5. Brush according to claim 1, characterized in that the dental abrasive in the threads in an amount of about 2 to 10% by weight is present. 209821/0560 BATH ORIGINAL 21S0386 - 3ο - R. Brush according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of a brush base and at least one tuft of bristles from the brush base, each tuft of bristles having at least a first bristle which is generally circular in cross-section; and at least one second bristle that is non-circular in cross-section; being the diameter of each second bristle is substantially larger than the diameter of each first bristle. 7. Brush according to claim ß, characterized in that that the first and second bristles incorporate an abrasive material wherein the abrasive material is incorporated into the first bristles in a length of at least about 7.5% by weight, and in the second bristles in an amount no more than about 5% by weight is incorporated. 8. Brush according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the abrasive in the first Bristles is incorporated in an amount of about 10% by weight, and incorporated into the second bristles in an amount of about 2% by weight is. 9. Brush according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the first and second bristles the same abrasive is incorporated. 209821/0560 BATH ORIGINAL 10. Brush according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second bristles are formed from nylon. 11. Brush according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of tufts of bristles on the Brush head are provided and that each tuft of bristles has a plurality of first and a plurality of second bristles. 12. Brush according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that substantially the same number first and second bristles are provided in each bristle cluster. 13 '. Brush according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second bristles are randomly distributed within each tuft of bristles. IU. Brush according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the first and second Bristles is about 25 to 75% different. 15. Brush according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a number of longitudinal grooves in the outer surface of the second bristles are provided. 209821/0560