DE1617544C3 - Prophylactic dentifrice - Google Patents

Description

45

Particle size range <10μ Percentage range > 0μ; <20μ <1.00 > 10μ; <30μ 22 to 27 > 20μ; <40μ 10 to 24 > 30μ; > 50μ 17 to 22 > 40μ; <60μ 12 to 15 > 50μ; <70μ 6 to 8 > 60μ; > 75 μ 3 to 4 > 70μ; 7 to 10 > 75μ <0, l

8. Therapeutic prophylactic paste according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that They contain an effective amount of at least one fluoride Anticariogenic adjuvant and a mixture according to one of the preceding claims contains.

9. Paste according to claim 8, characterized in that the mixture in an amount of about 30 to 80 percent by weight of the total mass and that the fluoride-containing anticariogenic adjuvant in an amount of about 1 to 15 "/ o, calculated as a fluoride ion.

7. Dental care product according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the distribution of the Zirconium silicate particle sizes correspond to the following values:

Particle size range

Percentage

>0μ;
>10μ;
>20μ;
>30μ;
>40μ;
>50μ;
>60μ;
>70μ;
> 75μ

<10μ
<20μ
<30μ
<40μ
<50μ
<60μ
<70μ
<75μ

0.0

24.7

22.3

19.5

13.7

7.3

3.8

8.7

0.0

6ο The present invention relates to a new mass for cleaning and polishing teeth by dental prophylaxis, especially a prophylactic dental care product that contains a mixture of zirconium silicate (ZrSiO ₄ ) and tin dioxide (SnO ₂ ). While tin dioxide has various chemical names (e.g. "tin dioxide", "stannic oxide", tin (IV) oxide "and" tin oxide "), the name" tin dioxide "is used consistently below.

According to the invention, a prophylactic tooth care product for cleaning and polishing teeth is provided proposed that a mixture of zirconium silicate and tin dioxide as a cleaning and polishing component contains.

According to the invention, a therapeutic prophylactic paste-like mass is also proposed, which contains an effective amount of at least one fluoride-containing anticariogenic adjuvant.

Tooth stains (plaque), food particles, exogenous stains, and other tooth surface pigmentation can up to various degrees of the teeth by means of a suitable dentifrice and a toothbrush, such as B. during normal daily tooth brushing. Some enamel stains and pigmentation, however, are far too resistant to those in conventional dentifrice preparations found abrasive cleaning agents. As a result, the dentist must undertake "prophylaxis" to remove not only the tartar but also the accumulated stains that have passed through daily use of dentifrice has not been satisfactorily removed. Very often can clean the teeth by using a dentifrice or the usual cleaning and polishing agents, used for prophylaxis are cleaned, but they show little shine or polish. for good dental aesthetics, clean teeth with a high gloss are desired, and a cleaning and polishing agent, that can achieve these results would be desirable.

The problems with the relatively infrequent use of a cleaning and polishing agent in a prophylactic Paste, e.g. B. with a once or twice a year carried out prophylaxis, are very different of the problems encountered when using a cleaning and polishing agent as part of a dentifrice to occur two or three times a day, even if the desired end result cleaning and polishing the enamel is the same. Obviously it is possible to get a stronger one

3 4

Abrasive for a prophylactic paste than is usable for. In particular a zirconium silicate compound the daily brushing with a dentifrice combined with particles that come in three different sizes. However, in both cases, care must be taken to stagger orders, namely a first size, that excessive loss of Mund-Hart order up to about 20 μ particle size, a second fabric is avoided at the expense of cleaning. 5 order of magnitude from about 20 up to about 50 μ and one Generally, it is believed that when attempted, third magnitude is from about 50 to about 70 µ The difficult stains (e.g. tobacco, green, tin - particularly useful. In practical use To remove fluoride, silver nitrate stains, etc.), it is preferred to use these orders of magnitude in one mass predominantly a compromise between cleaning and with percentage ratio ranges of about 10 Loss of tooth structure must be closed, io to 50% of the first order of magnitude, 5 to 25% of the or that, in other words, to get the third order of magnitude and the difference in maximum elimination of these more difficult second order stains combine. The little- and / or pigmentation of the tooth structure sacrificed particles of the first order of magnitude are primarily must become. A cleaning and polishing compound is provided for the line in order to perform a polishing function Dental prophylaxis would be desirable, which would even remove the difficult 15 and around the hard tissue of the mouth (e.g. rigsten tooth enamel stains and pigmentations (tooth enamel, dentin and dental cement) to be de-effective removed, during which remove by abrasion; the particles are of the second order of magnitude caused loss of hard tooth structure on one intended for cleaning and removing stains; Minimum is reduced. the particles of the third order of magnitude are for

Another factor that should and should be considered in developing a prophylactic agent suitable for cleaning inorganic mending materials (e.g. metal fillings, amalgams, inlays, etc.) is the ability to protect teeth when removing serious stains (e.g. B. to give green polishing a high gloss, ie, smooth staining and tin fluoride [SnF ₂ ] pigmentation) to see pre- and high-gloss enamel surfaces.

aim. Highly polished surfaces are apparently 25 According to the invention it has been found that a new

less susceptible to stain retention and even more effective prophylactic teeth cleaning

(Plaque) and oral decomposition residues (debris); and polishing agent is obtained by

this factor is one of the reasons behind the development of zirconium silicate and tin dioxide mixes. Preferably

a cleaning and polishing agent that not only contains such an agent at least about 50 and up

effectively cleans, but also exceptionally high 30 to 99% zirconium silicate and the rest tin dioxide. A

Creates shine. However, good gloss could previously be a particularly preferred agent containing a mixture

cannot be achieved without increased abrasion on- in a weight ratio of 9: 1 zirconium silicate and

occurs. Tin dioxide. The zirconium silicate parts are preferably

Little, if any, relationship seems to be divided into three orders of magnitude either. The tin /. Between the cleaning and the polishing capabilities 35 dioxide particles fall essentially in the range of dental abrasives or between the abrasion and of up to 3μ and preferably of up to 2μ. One of the ability of the abrasive to create a smooth tooth - particularly effective mass - is obtained by creating a surface. For example, zirconium silicate containing essentially no slurried alumina, an excellent particle below 10 µm in particle size, is used.
An advantage of the zirconium silicate surface according to the invention, however, the abrasion is so strong that tin dioxide cleaning and polishing compound consists in the resulting loss of tooth structure Application excludes. Whitening chalk treatment the wear and tear of the dental hand, on the other hand, cleans quite well, but creates a rough piece compared to other cleaning and tooth surfaces. Dicalcium phosphate has a reduced polishing compound. In addition, the abrasion is equally low, but it is easier to polish materials in paste form that are not in accordance with the invention. A mixture of insoluble sodium turning and handling as certain other inetaphosphate and tricalcium phosphate is quite a cleaning and polishing compound,
effective polishing agent, but that combination is U.S. Patent 3,257,282 teaches prophylactic not a particularly good detergent. The most common pastes that zirconium silicate is used as a cleaning and polishing agent for daily dental prophylaxis, as well as a fluoride-containing anticariogenes, is pumice stone powder. This means cleanses aids included. It has been found and measured, but has high abrasion and creates another aspect of this invention that extremely low polish. In fact, the zirconium silicate tin dioxide studies according to the invention have recently shown that, after the treatment, the effectiveness of the anticariogenic with pumice stone powder is so rough that the tooth surface is so rough, aids that in a therapeutic prophylaxis contain the occurrence of tartar, stains, plaque and table paste are, increase and is significantly increased in some other mouth defects. With regard to the masses containing only zirconium silicate

Hence, an effective cleaning and polishing technique would be superior.

medium, highly desirable, to damage the hard- 60 The main objective of the present invention is a new one tissue in the mouth to a minimum. How and improved dental prophylactic mass that one has been shown is a multitude of compounds containing mixture of zirconium silicate and tin dioxide, known that clean well but not polish or the invention has found that mixtures polish well but not clean satisfactorily. The best cleaning of zirconium silicate and tin dioxide has already been found that zirconium silicate with 65 and polishing properties when used for dental - • have a certain particle size distribution as a dental prophylaxis. It was also found prophylactic cleaning and polishing agent that, when an effective amount of a fluoride-containing the desired cleaning and polishing can be achieved, anticariogenic aids with such a zirconium

Silicate-tin dioxide mixture mixed is a superior one therapeutic (i.e., anticariogenic) prophylactic composition is obtained.

The particle size in a cleaning and polishing compound can be in a number of different ways the most common of which is the "mean diameter"; H. the diameter above which half the particles are larger and below which half the particles is smaller. The term "particle size" below refers to values of the mean diameter.

The tooth cleaning and polishing agents according to the invention preferably contain at least about 50 and up to 99% ZrSiO ₄ and the remainder SnO ₂ (ie a weight ratio range of 99: 1 to 1: 1 ZrSiO ₄ to SnO ₂ ). An optimally preferred range is at least 75 and up to about 92.5% ZrSiO ₄ and the remainder SnO ₂ (ie a weight ratio range of 12.33: 1 to 3: 1 ZrSiO ₄ to SnO ₂ ). The preferred composition of the invention contains 90% ZrSiO ₄ and 10% SnO ₂ (ie a weight ratio of ZrSiO ₄ to SnO ₂ of 9: 1).

The zirconium silicate particles are preferably distributed over three defined size ranges, namely one first size range of up to about 20 μ particle size, a second size range of about 20 to about 50 microns particle size and a third size range of about 50 to about 75 microns particle size. Preferably these size ranges are in a mass with percentage ratio ranges of about 10 to 50% of the first size range, 5 to 25% of the third size range and the remainder in the second size range combined. The tin dioxide particles essentially all have a particle size of less than 3 μ, preferably below 2 μ. Are zirconium silicate and tin dioxide according to the areas described and distributions mixed so becomes a superior cleaning and polishing prophylactic agent receive.

The zirconium silicate component of the composition according to the invention is over the three size ranges mentioned distributed to the various different radio table I

functions that a satisfactory prophylactic mass has to exert. That's how they are Particles of the first size range (i.e. the smallest particles) are primarily intended to be around the To achieve polishing and to remove the plaque from the hard tissues of the mouth; the particles of the second Size range are provided to clean and remove stains, and the particles of the third Size range (i.e. the largest particles) are for

ίο Cleaning of non-organic mending materials and intended to remove serious stains. As mentioned earlier, the particles are tin dioxide primarily intended to increase the polishability of the total mass.

A particularly preferred zirconium silicate agent suitable for mixing with tin dioxide contains Particles distributed in the range of 10 to 75 µ, d. i.e., there are essentially none in the agent Contains particles less than 10 μ in size. So are

in a preferred zirconium silicate preparation the zirconium silicate particles in a first size range from about 10 to about 20 microns, a second size range from about 20 to about 50 microns, and a third Size range from about 50 to about 75 μ distributed,

wherein the percentage ratio range for the zirconium silicate particles about 10 to 50% of the first size range, 5 to 25% of the third size range and the remainder in the second size range. Although it is preferable that none be in the mixture

Zirconium silicate particles below about 10µ particle size are nonetheless acceptable Tolerances up to about 1% zirconium silicate particles below about 10 μ in such a preferred mass are permitted, due to practical difficulties

to obtain a mixture that is absolutely free of particles below 10 μ.

Particularly preferred zirconium silicate mixtures which are suitable for mixing with tin dioxide contain Zirconium silicate, which according to the

belle I given values is distributed. This zirconium silicate is made with a suitable amount of tin dioxide below about 3μ and preferably below about 2μ particle size mixed.

Size range 1
(22 to 28%)

Size range 2
(Balance)

Size range 3
(16 to 22.1%)

The production of zirconium silicate and tin dioxide with suitable particle size can be done with the usual Milling and discarding methods are carried out. Basically, these methods include that Milling of zirconium silicate and tin dioxide ores and subsequent sieving out of the desired particle

Particle size <10μ
<20μ percent
Acceptable
Percent-
Areas Preferred
distribution >0μ;
>10μ; <30μ
<40μ
<50μ <1.00
22 to 27 0.0
24.7 >20μ;
>30μ;
>40μ; <60μ
<70μ
<75μ 20 to 24
17 to 22
12 to 15 22.3
19.5
13.7 >50μ;
>60μ;
>70μ;
> 75μ 6 to 8
3 to 4
7 to 10 7.3
3.8
8.7
0.0

100.0

size with standard sieves (e.g., a standard 400 mesh sieve will hold approximately 95% of a particle size of 35 μ [± 3%] back). One of the exact ways of making and sieving out the particle sizes is not the subject of the invention, and essentially any acceptable manufacturing

method can be used as long as the desired Particle size ranges and distributions can be obtained.

The prophylactic zirconium silicate tin dioxide composition of the present invention may be applied in the oral cavity in the form of an aqueous slurry as part of a common prophylactic agent, although in some cases (e.g. when treating silver amalgams and gold inlays) the mass directly can be introduced into the treatment area. In general, a minimal amount of water should be used (e.g. 15 parts to 100 parts cleaning and polishing compound) for a maximum cleaning effect and more liquid mixtures (e.g. 25 parts of water to 100 parts of cleaning and polishing compound) to achieve this the maximum polish can be used. Of course, each treatment should be individual Be handled on a basis depending on the needs of the circumstances.

It is clear that various other substances (such as, for example, flavoring agents) in addition to the zirconium silicate tin dioxide cleaning agent described and polishing compound can be added as long as such a compound is essential Cleaning and polishing medium is used in prophylactic treatment.

A particularly useful type of application of the zirconium silicate according to the invention - tin dioxide - cleaning and polishing compound lies in the application of a paste. Such a paste can be in any suitable Containers are packaged and sold, however, the packaging of such a paste is made in crushable Tubes preferred. Prophylactic dental care can be easier and more effective through use a paste packed in a tube.

A prophylactic paste usually includes (in addition to a zirconium silicate tin dioxide cleanser and Polishing compound) other common means, such as. B. flavorings (e.g. wintergreen oil, peppermint oil, oil of the Spearmint, sassafras oil, anisole and the like), sweeteners (e.g. saccharin, grape sugar, levulose, sodium cyclamate and the like), binders (e.g. water-soluble salts of cellulose ethers such as e.g. sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethylhydroxyethyl cellulose), natural gums (e.g. gum arabic, Karaya gum and tragacanth gum) as a thickener, as well as moistening agents (e.g. Glycols, glycerine, sorbitol and other polyhydric alcohols), as well as colorants.

The composition of a typical prophylactic paste and a method for its approach are given in the following example.

example 1 component crowd (Weight percent) ZrSiO ₄ 66.99 SnO ₂ 7.44 Distilled water 7.44 Glycerin 6.89 70% aqueous sorbitol solution 9.49 Sodium carboxymethylhydroxy 1.30 ethyl cellulose Sweeteners 0.04 Colorants 0.13 Flavorings 0.28

100.00

The distilled water is placed in a stainless steel mixing bowl and first the sweetener (e.g. saccharin) is dissolved in the water, then sorbitol, coloring and flavoring are added added and mixed thoroughly. Tin dioxide is slowly added to the mixture and mixed well until all of the lumps are dispersed. Then the zirconium silicate is added and again mixed until the paste is smooth in texture. The glycerin is measured and placed in a separate container; the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is added to this and mixed to form a binder mass. The binder mass slowly turns to the zirconium silicate tin dioxide The mixture containing the mixture is added and the resulting mixture is stirred until the The binder is well dispersed throughout the paste and has become water-containing. The paste is then made of Air is released and can be introduced into tubes in the usual way.

The following example shows a typical method of application for one made in accordance with the invention prophylactic toothpaste paste.

Example 2

The following procedure is used for cleaning and polishing your teeth once or twice a year depending on Requirement, preferred. Every tooth is carefully treated to remove any tartar and all soft Remove waste materials. After this treatment, the cheek-lip surfaces of the right upper quadrant (dentition quarter) with a soft rubber cup and an excess of prophylactic Paste (either printed from a tube or available from the dentist or dental hygienist as requested is prepared) polished. Each surface of the tooth is treated for at least 10 seconds. Then will the tongue-side surfaces of the right upper quadrant treated accordingly. Unwaxed dental soft paste (which can be used together with the prophylactic paste) is applied in all interproximal areas, preferably with an excess of the prophylactic paste, used. The patient is permitted to flush thoroughly with water at any time during treatment.

After flushing, the tongue-side half of the

Polished left upper quadrant and patient allowed to irrigate. The cheek and lip side the located half of the left upper quadrant is polished, but the patient is not allowed to to rinse until all interproximal contact points with the unwaxed dental soft material have been cleaned and polished. The cheek- and tongue-side surfaces of the right lower jaw teeth and small molars are then polished. Unwaxed dental soft paste is presented used for irrigation for the interproximal areas. Next, the lower front teeth are polished, both on the lip side and on the

The tongue side and the interproximal areas are covered with the unwaxed soft dental paste polished before it can be rinsed. Then the cheek- and tongue-side surfaces become the left Polished lower molars and small molars. The interproximal areas are treated with soft material, then the patient is allowed to rinse. the Bite surfaces and any pits and cracks are then covered with a prophylactic brush

509 539/352

stiff bristles as well as the prophylactic paste polished. Then the patient is allowed to keep his mouth open like this rinse thoroughly as possible.

Zirconium silicate is a well-known industrial abrasive used for grinding and polishing glass and Ceramic is used. The extreme hardness and grinding properties that zirconium silicate exhibits (e.g. a hardness of 7.5 on the Mohs scale for commercially available zirconium silicate of the type used for Grinding glass is used), those skilled in the art would suggest that zirconium silicate is the hard tissue the mouth seriously harms (i.e. rubs and scratches) and is therefore for use as a component is unsuitable for a prophylactic tooth cleaning and polishing compound. However, have experimental Reviews of the zirconium silicate tin dioxide composition of the present invention indicated that such Masses actually used safely without removing substantial amounts of the hard tissue of the mouth can be. Dentin is often exposed on the surface of the teeth near the gumline, especially in clinical cases where the gums have receded. The abrasion of dentin by a prophylactic agent is significantly greater than the abrasion of tooth enamel by the same agent, d. H. by 10 to 100 times. As a result, dentin wear is considered to be of greater concern than the abrasion of tooth enamel, and the effect of a cleaning and polishing agent on it Dentine is used as an important criterion when choosing suitable means. According to the invention The zirconium silicate - tin dioxide - mixture used has very satisfactory dentin abrasion properties, a fact that is quite surprising given the hardness of its zirconium silicate component.

The following method is used to determine the dentin abrasion values for dental cleaning and Polishing agent used: the dentin parts are separated from human central incisors, and each dentin portion is encased in a low-melting alloy (such as Woods metal) and in a slurry of the cleaning and polishing agent to be examined in one 3% carboxymethyl cellulose solution immersed. An automatic toothbrush is designed so that it can be moved back and forth over the surface of the submerged dentin portion, and the pressure of this toothbrush is set at 150 g. The dentin becomes 50,000 double brush strokes subjected and then removed from the slurry. The dentin portion is before and after the brushing weighed so that the weight loss attributed to the prophylactic treatment is can be measured.

The dentin loss caused by the zirconium silicate tin dioxide mass according to the invention and by various commercially available prophylactic compositions was caused according to that previously described Procedure intended for human and bovine dentine. These values are given in Table II reproduced. The levels of loss of human and bovine tooth enamel were found to be similar Manner and are also given in Table II.

Table II

Summary of gum and dentin wear values obtained with various prophylactic Pastes

Cleaning and polishing compound Tooth enamel abrasion Beef, Dentin abrasion Beef, Human, Enamel Human, Dentin Enamel (mg) Dentin (mg) (mg) (mg)

Zirconium silicate tin dioxide

Zirconium silicate

Lava pumice stone

Coarse pumice stone

Fine pumice stone

Pumice stone powder

Calcite

Calcite pumice stone

Quartz limestone

Anatase, pumice stone, quartz

and feldspar

Kaolinite quartz

Quartz (especially fine)

Quartz pumice stone

Pumice stone illite

Pumice feldspar

27.06 ± 4.25 26.56 ± 3.26

41.55 ± 5.58 49.41 ± 7.54 50.70 ± 8.50 53.93 ± 6.23 34.58 ± 3.84 23.74 ± 2.82 22.78 ± 3.54 24.69 ± 4.62

20.56 ± 3.24 28.37 ± 2.29 49.28 ± 8.37 36.14 ± 3.94 30.74 ± 4.20 45.22 ± 5.60

27.60 ± 5.65 23.10 ± 3.65 48.18 ± 6.03 40.21 ± 7.92 41.23 ± 6.37 39.34 ± 6.93 39.56 ± 6.89

26.85 ± 5.32 20.36 ± 3.23

29.86 ± 7.56

28.71 ± 7.42 40.51 ± 5.43 41.23 ± 9.80 44.68 ± 5.21

28.12 ± 5.81

39.13 ± 6.68

134.6 ± 13.3
169.4 ± 20.6

222.6 ± 17.8

251.7 ± 11.8
245.4 ± 18.4
195.4 ± 8.0

150.4 ± 19.1

127.2 ± 11.4
138.0 db 14.0

151.3 ± 10.5

175.8 ± 32.1
179.2 ± 19.7

161.5 ± 20.3

163.9 ± 13.5
121.0 ± 13.9
166.7 ± 14.4

186 ± 19.5 178.4 ± 15.5 249.4 ± 19.5 278.2 ± 14.7 294.2 ± 27.4 272.2 ± 17.7

143.0 ± 24.1 144.2 ± 29.6 100.4 ± 12.9 169.9 ± 27.7

125.8 ± 14.9

229.1 ± 14.1 240.0 ± 32.6 233.9. ± 21.5

162.9 ± 22.5 268.8 ± 30.1

The values in the tables prove that the inventive Masses can safely be used for dental prophylactic treatments.

The enamel polishing properties of the invention Zirconium silicate prophylactic tin dioxide compositions are available in various stores dental prophylactic agents and pastes. The polishes and pastes were made • According to the so-called »prophylaxis cupolier procedure« rated. According to this Verihren, the tongue-side surfaces become fresh * The traced upper incisors are reduced in size with the help of a diamond disk, then the teeth are made litteis a low-melting alloy, such as. B. Voods Metal, on hexagonal jigs lontiert so that they fit into the movable stage of a rectometer. The steel-coated surface on the lip each tooth is mounted in such a way that the outline height is in a suitable : found above the base of the jig. Throughout the procedure will be orge that the teeth do not dry out in order to prevent me damage to the tooth tissue. the The blasted enamel surface is then blunted by exposure to 0.1% hydrochloric acid for 30 seconds :) H 2.2) is exposed. Any acid left on the tooth surface is instant Placing the tooth in a saturated sodium carbonate solution for 30 seconds neutralized. ) The tooth is then rinsed with water and dried with blotting paper.

The maximum reflection of the blunted tooth surface is determined by means of a reflectometer, as is particularly suitable, the changes in the polishing wheel of the enamel surfaces. The Reiectometer is designed so that the tooth enamel a with a beam of polarized light irradiated will; the amount of light reflected from the surface of the tooth enamel is determined by a Photoelectric cell, which in turn activates a galvanometer. The smoother the enamel surface .t, the lower the amount of scattered and absorbed light, and the higher it is jalvanometer reading.

After the maximum reflection of the blunted tooth has been determined, the tooth is checked by applying a dental machine, common piece of land, as well as a cup-shaped rubber pro- > Hylaxe device polished, the speed of the device constant at 5000 rpm will. The handpiece is permanently attached, ο that even pressure is ensured. After one tooth for exactly 30 seconds with a slurry the prophylactic branches or prophylactic agent to be examined are polished is, the enamel surface is rinsed with water, so that residual particles of the polishing and cleaning agent be completely removed; then the reflection of the enamel is measured again, the tooth being in exactly the same position as in that for reading off the "blunt" reflection used position. The change in the reflection between the blunted and the poed Tooth enamel surface is used as a measure of the degree of polishing achieved by the prophylactic treatment applied to the enamel.

To express all measurements in terms of a standard approved polish, each contains Test series a treatment of the teeth with a certain sample of dry calcium carbonate as Reference standard; all values are given relative to this mean in polishing ratio values.

The polishing ratio values required for the inventive Mass as well as for the various commercially available agents and pastes are obtained given in Table III, which also gives a value of the percentage Contains superiority for the inventive mass.

Table III

Comparison of the polishing properties of different dental prophylaxis agents and pastes

Cleaning and polishing preparations

Polishing ratio

Polished superiority

(% Superiority)

Zirconium Silicate Tin Dioxide 22.79 -

Zirconium silicate 18.58 22.7

Quartz pumice stone 13.63 67.2

Pumice Illite 16.23 40.4

Pumice feldspar 15.21 49.8

Kaolinite quartz 15.88 43.5

Aragonite calcite (paste) 10.56 115.8

Aragonite calcite (tablet) 13.37 70.5

Calcite 14.81 53.9

Calcite pumice stone 12.56 81.4

Quartz calcite 8.59 165.3

Anatase pumice stone quartz 8.44 170.0

Feldspar

Quartz-Talcum-Mont- 8.30 174.6

morillonite

Montmorillonite Quartz 2.67 753.6

A1 (OH) ₃ pumice 10.56 115.8

Quartz feldspar 7.74 194.4

Metal polishing properties

The zirconium silicate tin dioxide composition according to the invention shows, in addition to its excellent polishing properties for the hard tissues of the mouth, superior polishing ability when used for polishing tooth mending materials, such as B. Silver amalgam

Table IV

Polishing of metal repairs

Cleaning and polishing compound

Net increase in polishing units amalgam gold

(1) ZrSiO ₄ H 2.00 4.95 (2) ZrSiO ₄ 1.15 4.60 (3) ZrSiO ₄ -1 1.15 3.20 -10% SnO ₂ ■ -10% Sn ₂ SiO ₄

Cleaning and polishing properties of various ZrSiO ₄ - SnOjj mixtures

The cleanability of a prophylactic paste can be determined experimentally by means of a degree of cleanliness test be rated. This experiment, the method of which is detailed and described in C o o 1 e y et al, U.S. Patent 3,151,027, involves the use of polyester plastic blocks, specially designed for use in an electric toothbrushing machine. The blocks will sanded smooth, washed and dried, and a thin coat of black lacquer is carefully applied to the surface of the block. The blocks are then put in the toothbrush machine inserted and with a certain number of brush strokes at constant pressure with the different Brushed cleaning and polishing compounds. Reflection measurements of the blocks are made using of a reflectometer with all measurements expressed relative to a calcium pyrophosphate standard will. The results are expressed as cleaning values on a scale from 0 to 6.5, where a higher value indicates greater cleaning power.

The polishing ratio values (relative to a CaCO ₃ standard) and cleaning values of various zirconium silicate tin dioxide mixtures obtained in this way are given in Table V. These mixtures range from a 100% mass of zirconium silicate to a 100% mass of tin dioxide.

6o

and gold, as evidenced by the following experimental evaluation.

Gold and amalgam repairs were polished in the manner described, with maximum reflectance being determined before and after polishing. Determinations were carried out for: (1) a zirconium silicate tin dioxide agent produced according to the invention, (2) a zirconium silicate mass and (3) a mixture of zirconium silicate with 10% tin silicate (Sn ₂ SiO ₄ ). The increases in reflectance (in absolute reflectometer units) obtained by these compositions on gold and silver amalgam are given in Table IV. The values in Table IV demonstrate the high level of polishing effectiveness of the compositions of the invention when used on mending materials.

Table V

Summary of the cleaning and polishing values, belonging _{to the ratios of ZrSiO 4} to SnO _2.

Cleaning and polishing preparations
ZrSiO ₄ - SnO ₂ - percent by weight
Ratio ZrSiO ₄ SnO ₂

Polishing cleaning

Ratio supply value

1: 0 100.0 0.0 18.58 5.53 99: 1 99.0 1.0 21.27 5.56 97.5 : 2.5 97.5 2.5 21.48 5.53 19: 1 95.0 5.0 21.48 5.56 92.5 : 7.5 92.5 7.5 23.97 5.60 9: 1 90.0 10.0 23.31 5.63 17: 3 85.0 15.0 23.43 5.53 4: 1 80.0 20.0 23.02 5.60 3: 1 75.0 25.0 23.22 5.53 1: 1 50.0 50.0 22.85 5.53 1: 3 25.0 75.0 22.10 3.40 0: 1 0.0 100.0 21.15 2.13

The values in Table V demonstrate that superior cleaning and polishing results are obtained with a zirconium silicate-tin dioxide mixture containing at least about 50% and up to about 99% zirconium silicate and the remainder tin dioxide (ie, a weight ratio range of 99: 1 to 1: 1 ZrSiO ₄ to SnO ₂ ). A range that is optimally preferred is at least 75% and up to about 92.5% ZrSiO ₄ and the remainder SnO ₂ (ie a weight ratio range of 12.33: 1 to 3: 1 ZrSiO ₄ - SnO ₂ ). The mixture preferred according to the invention contains 90% zirconium silicate and 10% tin dioxide (ie a mixture of ZrSiO ₄ and SnO ₂ in a weight ratio of 9: 1).

A particular advantage of the improved cleaning and polishing compounds according to the invention is that that the wear and tear of dental handpieces when performing prophylactic treatments is reduced to a minimum, as the following experimental evaluation shows.

For four different prophylactic compositions, the handpiece wear values were determined by a Series of three prophylactic treatments received. Before the first treatment and after each following treatment were

(1) the shoulder diameter loss of the prophy angle,

(2) the diameter loss of the angle lip,

(3) the inner screw diameter loss,

(4) the weight loss of the screw cap and

(5) measured the weight loss of the shaft and gear.

The four prophylactic measures assessed were:

(1) a zirconium silicate cleaning and polishing agent,

(2) a zirconium silicate mass which essentially did not contain any particles below 10 μ,

(3) a 9: 1 weight ratio of mass (1) and Tin dioxide and

(4) a 9: 1 weight ratio of mass (2) and Tin dioxide.

The latter two measures fall within the general scope of the subject invention, where Mass (4) is preferred. The values thus obtained are given in Table VI.

Table VI showing the effect of various prophylactic pastes loss Diameter- Diameter- on the wear and tear of Weight reduction Summary of values, on the shoulder loss Loss of lust from shaft Show prophy angles on the lip inner Weight and transmission Cleaning and polishing compound Treatment diameter (mm) screw loss of No. 0.0127 (mm) (mm) Screws (mg) 0.051 0.089 0.0127 cap 7.2 0.051 0.0127 0.0127 (mg) 5.7 0.114 0.0000 0.0127 5.3 7.6 Mass (1) 1 0.0254 0.102 0.038 1.5 20.5 ZrSiO ₄ 2 0.0254 0.051 0.0254 3.2 2.5 3 0.0127 0.0254 0.0254 10.0 3.3 total 0.0635 0.0127 0.051 5.4 5.2 Mass (2) 1 0.0127 0.089 0.102 5.7 11.0 ZrSiO ₄ > 10 μ 2 0.0254 0.0254 0.0127 2.9 1.7 3 0.0000 0.051 0.0000 14.0 3.6 total 0.038 0.0254 0.0000 2.0 5.3 Mass (3) 1 0.0254 0.102 0.0127 1.6 10.6 9: 1 ZrSiO ₄ - SnO ₂ 2 0.0254 0.076 0.0127 3.4 3.0 3 0.0000 0.0000 0.0254 7.0 1.1 total 0.051 0.0000 0.0254 3.6 0.3 Mass (4) 1 0.076 0.0635 0.8 4.4 9: 1 ZrSiO ₄ - SnO ₂ 2 0.5 (ZrSiO ₄ > 10 μ) 3 4.9 total

The values in Table VI show that the compositions according to the invention and especially those according to the invention preferred compounds can be used without undue wear and tear on the dental handpiece. Besides this property is achieved without loss of cleaning and polishing effectiveness.

As already mentioned, the zirconium silicate according to the invention - tin dioxide - is used as a cleaning and polishing agent as an acceptable carrier for anticariogenic adjuvants in therapeutic (i.e., anticariogenic) prophylactic pasty masses. The auxiliary should preferably be in the form of fluoride-containing compounds capable of transferring fluoride or tin ions, or a combination thereof, e.g. B. with an additional component, such as B. zirconium or germanium ions, in a biologically usable form to deliver.

The preferred auxiliaries are tin fluorozirconate (SnZrF ₈ ), _{tin fluoride (SnF 2} ) and complex zirconium germanium fluorides [e.g. B. Zr (GeF _e ) ₂ , ZrOGeF ₆ , Ge (ZrF _e ) ₂ , ZrGeF ₈ , ZrGeF ₆ and ZrOGeF ₄ ]. Tin fluorozirconates and the complex salts mentioned seem to be the best anticariogenic fluorine-containing auxiliaries known in dental technology today, especially thanks to the absence of undesirable taste, lack of tooth enamel pigmentation, the absence of damage to the gum tissue and an increased anticariogenic effectiveness that can be obtained with them.

Other suitable auxiliaries are both water-soluble fluoride salts such as e.g. B. NaF, SnF, KF, InF ₃ , PdF ₂ , FeF ₂ and LiF, as well as more complex water-soluble fluoride-containing auxiliaries, such as. B. fluorosilicates, e.g. B. Na ₂ SiF ₆ , other fluorozirconates, e.g. B. CaZrF ₆ , Na ₂ ZrF ₆ and K ₂ ZrF ₆ , fluorostannites,

z. B. NaSnF ₃ , fluoroborates, e.g. B. NaBF ₄ , fluorotitanates, e.g. B. NaTiF ₅ , other fluorogermanates, e.g. B. K ₂ GeF ₆ , and mixed halides, e.g. B. SnClF and Sn ₂ ClF ₃ . Mixtures of suitable auxiliaries can also be used. Another suitable adjuvant contains a mixture of a fluoride salt and an active phosphate compound.

Generally speaking, where the foregoing essential ingredients are used in preparing a therapeutic prophylactic paste, fluoride ions are used at an effective and non-toxic level, usually in a range of from about 1 to about 15 weight percent by weight. If SnF ₂ or SnZrF ₆ are used, such salts are preferably used in amounts of 8 and 30% respectively (ie about 8% SnF ₂ provides about 3% fluoride ions and about 30% SnZrF ₆ provides about 10% fluoride ions). The compatible zirconium silicate tin dioxide mixture is used in a range of about 30 to about 80 percent by weight of the prophy-

used lactic paste. .

Therapeutic prophylactic pasty masses can be prepared in a conventional manner and usually include additional ingredients that make the total bulk commercially acceptable.

For example, as previously mentioned, prophylactic pastes typically include the usual ingredients such as B. bleaches, binders, moisturizers, flavorings and the like:

509 539/352

A particular example of a therapeutic prophylactic paste made according to the invention is given in the following example.

B e i s ρ i e 1 3 Weight percent component 63 ZrSiO ₄ 7th SnO ₂ 20th SnZrF ₈ 10 liquids

Such a therapeutic prophylactic paste is convenient for distribution and use prepared in tube form according to the general manner described in Example 1 and be manufactured.

In many cases, however, it may be desirable because of the loss of anticariogenic activity Due to the tendency of materials containing tin (II) ions to settle in an aqueous environment over time to oxidize and hydrolyze, prepare the prophylactic paste just before use. this can be accomplished by adding the fluoride-containing anticariogenic adjuvant to a last minute prophylactic matrix containing the zirconium silicate, tin dioxide and other prophylactic ingredients Contains pastes, is added. The following example illustrates one such embodiment of the present invention Invention.

Example 4

A prophylactic matrix comprising the following ingredients was prepared in the usual manner.

component Weight percent ZrSiO ₄ 69.3 SnO ₂ 7.7 Bleach (e.g. TiO ₂ ) 4.0 Binders (e.g. sodium carboxy
methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose) 0.22 Moisturizer (e.g. glycerine) 17.8 Sweeteners and flavorings 1.0

This prophylactic base can be made into a therapeutic prophylactic paste by dissolving 0.3 g of SnF ₂ in 1 ml of distilled water and adding the aqueous solution thus prepared to 2 g of the previous base, the resulting prophylactic paste having a content of approximately Contains 9% SnF ₂ (ie about 4% fluoride ions). Alternatively, 0.93 g of SnZrF ₆ can be dissolved in 1 ml of distilled water and the aqueous solution added to 2.0 g of the above prophylactic base, with a content of about 24% SnZrF ₆ (ie about 9% fluoride ions) for the prophylactic paste obtained.

Experimental reviews of the formulations of prophylactic zirconium silicate tin dioxide pastes such as they have been described here indicate that the zirconium silicate-tin dioxide mixtures act as compatible carriers of effective fluoride and tin (II) ions.

ίο To the effectiveness of a material as tolerated Assessing carriers for anticariogenic aids is commonly an analytical technique called Determination of the "so-called percentage availability" is used.

The percentage availability refers to a comparison between the level of the ion concentration a combination of carrier and aid with the corresponding level of ion concentration a comparison solution of the aid without a carrier

(e.g. an aqueous solution of the adjuvant maintained at a reference ion concentration level, e.g. 1000 ppm fluoride). A percentage ratio of the level of the ion concentration of the combined solution relative to the reference solution is referred to as the percentage availability. (For example, a combined solution of carrier and SnF ₂ having a concentration equivalent to an analytical value of 900 ppm of fluoride compared to a reference solution of SnF ₂ of 90% as far as the ability to deliver aqueous fluoride ions is concerned.)

Table VII shows typical percent availability values for fluoride and, in some cases, stannous ions for various fluoride systems, ie (1) sodium fluoride (NaF) at 1000 ppm fluoride ions; (2) NaF at 1000 ppm fluoride plus 10% monosodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH ₂ PO ₄ ); (3) tin fluoride (SnF ₂ ) at 1000 ppm fluoride ions; (4) SnF ₂ at 1000 ppm fluoride ions plus 10% NaH ₂ PO ₄ ; (5) 8% SnF ₂ and (6) 8% SnF ₂ plus 8% NaH ₂ PO ₄ as well as for various cleaning and polishing compounds, ie (1) a zirconium silicate cleaning and polishing compound; (2) mass (1), but with removal of all zirconium silicate particles below 10 μ particle size; (3) a 4: 1 weight ratio mixture of zirconium silicate and tin dioxide (ie, a mass of 20% SnO ₂ ); (4) a 9: 1 zirconium silicate-tin dioxide mixture (ie 10% SnO ₂ ), and (5) a 19: 1 mixture of zirconium silicate and tin dioxide (ie a mixture containing 5% SnO ₂ ).

The values in Table VII show that the zirconium silicate tin dioxide compositions according to the invention have a high Tin (II) - and fluoride ion compatibility, which in many cases is higher than the corresponding Values that are obtained with compounds that only contain zirconium silicate as a cleaning and polishing component contain.

Essentially the same prophylactic treatment regimen can be used whether now a therapeutic (i.e., anticariogenic) or non-therapeutic prophylactic composition is used.

In addition to those obtained with a non-therapeutic mass containing zirconium silicate tin dioxide The addition of a fluoride-containing anticariogenic results in excellent cleaning and polishing results Auxiliary to the mass the additional advantage of the fluoride-containing compounds for reduction to reduce the occurrence and severity of dental caries to impart anticanogenic properties.

Table VII

Summary of percent availability values

Fluoride system concentration

NaF +
NaH ₂ PO ₄

SnF ₂ +
NaH ₂ PO ₄

SnF ₂ +
NaH ₂ PO ₄

1000 ppm F

1000 ppm F

10%

1000 ppm F

1000 ppm F
10%

8th%

Percent availability with different abrasion systems

Mass (1) mass (2) mass (3) mass (4) mass (5)

ZrSiO ₄ ZrSiO ₄ > 10μ 4: 1 9: 1 19: 1

ZrSiO ₄ -SnO ₂ ZrSiO ₄ -SnO ₂ ZrSiO ₄ -SnO ₂

Tin fluoride tin fluoride tin fluoride tin fluoride tin fluoride

- 94.89 - 98.63 - 94.30 - 98.82 - 97.25

- 85.75 - 96.88 - 95.10 - 96.00 - 98.89

93.63 83.74 94.33 93.09 72.62 77.23 79.59 81.71 82.15 86.26 59.68 46.19 87.56 85.21 41.53 75.45 86.36 88.03 83.94 89.93

98.53 91.92 89.82 98.56 95.06 100.00 100.00 98.56 90.82 97.12

85.88 77.33 88.52 84.11 85.65 87.51 88.97 87.51 103.10 86.38

As has been shown by the above values, the invention is directed in one aspect a method of reducing the solubility of oral hard tissue, whereby to achieve To this end, the use of a prophylactic paste is proposed, which is a zirconium silicate - tin dioxide - cleaning and polishing agent together with an effective amount of a fluoride-containing Contains anticariogenic adjuvant. In addition, the present invention includes a novel and improved method of cleaning and polishing teeth by using a prophylactic A mass containing zirconium silicate and tin dioxide.

While the therapeutic and non-therapeutic prophylactic compositions of the invention especially in professional prophylaxis treatment (i.e. prophylaxis performed in a dental practice performed by a dentist or dental hygienist) excludes cie The present invention also relates to the use of such pastes for non-professional self-application for home use.

Claims (6)

Patent claims: 1. Prophylactic dentifrice for cleaning and polishing teeth, characterized in that it is used as a cleaning and The polishing agent component contains a mixture of zirconium silicate and tin dioxide. 2. Dentifrice according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture is at least contains about 50 and up to about 99% zirconium silicate, the remainder tin dioxide. . · ■ · ;,. 3. Dental care product according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mixture is at least contains about 75 and up to 92.5% zirconium silicate. 4. Dental care product according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the mixture is approximately Contains 90% zirconium silicate and about 10% tin dioxide. 5. Dental care product according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the zirconium silicate has a distribution of particle sizes in terms of mean diameter in a first size range up to about 20 μ, a second size range from about 20 to about 50 μ and a third size range from about 50 to about 75 μ, the three size ranges in a percentage ratio range of about 10 to 50% of the first size range, 5 to 25% of the third size range and the rest, consisting of the second size range, combined are, and wherein the tin dioxide has a distribution of particle sizes of mean diameter up to 3 μ. 6. Dental care product according to claim 5, characterized in that the zirconium silicate has a distribution of particle sizes of mean diameter within the following ranges: 40