DE2120138A1 - Suspension and damping device, in particular for driver seats in trucks and buses - Google Patents

Description

Nuremberg, 18 / Ka

Suspa Federungstechnik G.m.b.H., Altdorf near Nuremberg

"Suspension and damping device, especially for driver's seats in trucks and buses "

The invention relates to a suspension and damping device, especially for driver's seats in trucks and buses with a spring with adjustable preload and a Damping element.

Truck or bus seats are often on scissor or swing units stored. It is known to install tension springs in such scissor units, one side via a lever are adjustable in their preload, whereby an adjustment of such scissor units on the weight of the seat burdening person is possible »Furthermore, it is known to use such scissors to dampen the spring movement of the seat To install damper.

The invention is based on the object, in particular for such driver seats in trucks and buses, a suspension system To create a damping device that is largely independent with a compact design and ease of use compared to the individual seat construction.

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According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the spring and the damping element and adjustment devices to pretension the spring and to change the distance of the Force application points of the externally applied forces are arranged coaxially in or on a housing and that the adjustment devices from the same side of the housing are operable. It is advantageous to adjust the preload of the spring and to change the distance A common control handle is provided for force application points. According to a further advantageous feature of Invention is' the operating handle coaxially on the housing between an engagement position for the adjusting device for biasing the spring and an engagement position for the adjusting device for the force application points displaceable arranged. -

According to a further embodiment of the 'invention are the Spring and the damping element behind one another and with one another connected in the cylindrical housing.

It is also advantageous if the damping element is essentially two rigidly connected to one another in the housing having displaceable end walls or end pistons, between which a partition wall separating two chambers from one another is arranged stationary in the housing, the two chambers to each other via throttling overflow devices are connected. The spring is advantageously here at one end with an end wall or an end piston and at its other end with an axially adjustable relative to the housing by means of the operating handle Pipe connected. It is also advantageous if a

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Point of application for the externally applied forces is connected to one end wall, while the other Point of application on a guided on the housing, coaxially to this by means of the operating handle .verstellbaren axially Adjusting sleeve is attached. A differential thread is advantageously provided for adjusting the adjusting sleeve.

The throttling overflow devices have according to a advantageous embodiment of the invention a throttle cross-section adjustable until it is completely closed on. It represents an advantageous development of the invention if one of the throttle devices is used to adjust the throttle devices the operating side for the spring preload and for the distance the force application points forth operable rod is provided, wherein the rod can be "guided coaxially in the housing". Advantageously, a valve body designed as a check valve is guided on the rod, which by means of a Valve spring is pressed liftably against a valve seat located on the end wall. It is also an advantage if the valve body has a throttle bore that can be partially or completely closed by the rod and if the Valve body can be pressed against the valve seat by means of the rod with complete closure of the throttle bore. In the end it is still an advantage if the end walls or Closing pistons are connected to one another via a connecting tube, which simultaneously acts as an overflow device between serves the chambers, the valve body resting against one of the openings.

The suspension and damping device according to the invention has the following advantages:

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This device can be used regardless of how, for example, driver's seats in trucks or buses are designed in detail, since all of the functionally essential elements in a compact housing are summarized. Furthermore, the change in the pedestrian preload and thus an adjustment to the weight of the driver and a change in the distance of the force application points on the device and thus a height adjustment a seat provided with this device is possible in the simplest way from the front by means of a single operating handle, this due to the use of a differential thread without any significant change in the length of the device can be done by yourself. Furthermore, the damping of the device can be adjusted, whereby an adaptation to the terrain connected to the vehicle is possible. In addition, blocking the Cushioning prevents the seat from being in the unloaded state when the driver has left the seat after himself moved up, which usually results in difficulty getting into the seat. Also the The damping adjustment and the blocking of the damping are can be operated from the same side as the adjusting devices for the spring preload and for the distances of the Force application points from each other. All essential features are compact and coaxially combined in one housing.

Further advantages and features of the invention emerge from the description of two exemplary embodiments on the basis of FIG Drawing. Show in the drawing

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Pig. 1 a suspension and damping device according to

of the invention in longitudinal section, with different positions above and below the center line the adjustment devices for the spring preload and for the distances between the force application points from each other are,

Fig. La the damping part of the device according to the dash-dotted line Field in Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale,

Fig. Ib the adjusting devices of the device according to the dashed field in Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale,

2 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a suspension and damping device in the same manner of representation As in Fig. 1 with modified .Adjusting devices for adjusting and blocking the damping,

2a shows the damping part of the device according to the dash-dotted line Field in Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale,

2b shows the adjustment devices of the device according to the dashed field in FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale

Flg. 3 shows a section through FIG. 2.

A suspension and damping device shown in Fig.jl after de? Invention comprises a housing 1 consisting of a cylindrical tube, in one of which in the Drawing on the right - end of a sleeve 2 having a thread 2 by flanging the end of the housing and rolling in of an annular projection is mounted coaxially over a Internal thread 4 of the sleeve 3 is also coaxial in the latter to the housing} as an adjusting device for a spring 5

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Serving thin tube 6 provided with an external thread arranged, the end protruding from the housing with an external hexagon "7 *, for example by welding is provided.

On the end of the housing 1 assigned to the sleeve 5 an approximately sleeve-shaped. Operating handle 8 can be moved lengthways arranged, the inside one of the external hexagon 7 corresponding Has hexagon socket 9. On the side facing the housing end, this hexagon socket 9 has a clamping pin Io, by means of which it is prevented / that when pulling out the Control handle 8 - in the drawing to the right - until the

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Hexagon socket 9 engages the external hexagon 7, the Operating handle 8 is removed from the housing 1. The operating handle 8 has slots at its inner end of the sleeve-shaped operating handle 8 produced pingers which are offered somewhat inward, so that the operating handle is secured against accidental displacements relative to the housing 1 in the respective axial position.

At the inner end of the thin tube 6, an axial ball bearing is held axially differently by means of circlips 13. The spring 5 engages over the axial ball bearing 13 and is on it Front side fixed by constriction of the outermost thread turn in such a way that axial displacements of the thin Tube 6 tensile forces can be applied to the spring 5.

At its other end, the spring 5 is fastened by screwing or clamping on to a cylindrical projection 14 of a terminating piston 15 which is arranged displaceably in the housing 1.

On the external thread 2 of the sleeve 3 is one on its in the drawing right end with an external hexagon 16 provided threaded nut 17 arranged, which is also on her tubular outer area has a thread 18. The external thread 18 is opposite to the thread 2. On the External thread 18 is guided on the housing 1, tightly fitting but displaceable adjusting sleeve 19, which at its end facing the housing 1, two outwardly extending angles perpendicular to the housing axis carries the suspension and damping device, for example, via the holes made at the end dan scissor bars of a vehicle seat are attached

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can. These two angles 2o together form a force application point for the axial forces to be absorbed by the suspension and damping device.

In the operating handle 8, a hexagon socket 22 corresponding to the external hexagon 16 of the threaded nut 17 is attached, so that the operating handle 8 can be brought into positive engagement with the threaded nut 17. By a covenant 23, which acts as a stop against the threaded nut 17, the Äxiaüjossible displacement path of the operating handle 8 in the direction fixed on the case. In the position shown in the upper half of FIG. 1, by turning the operating handle 8, for example to the left, the threaded nut 17 pulled outwards, whereby it comes into the outer position shown in the drawing figure below. Because the adjustment sleeve by attaching the bracket 2o cannot rotate in relation to the housing, it is simultaneously on the threaded nut

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17 screwed on, so that the angle 2o / thus a force application point be shifted even more than the nut 17 to the right. By suitable choice of different gradients the threads 2 and 18 a differential effect can be achieved.

If the operating handle 8 is pulled out so far that its hexagon socket 9 positively engages in the external hexagon 7 of the engages thin tube 6, so can by corresponding turning and associated axial displacement of this thin tube the bias of the spring 5 designed as a helical spring and working as a tension spring can be changed.

The end piston 15 forms the end of a damping chamber 24 which is filled with a damping fluid. Around a tight seal between the damping chamber 24 and the

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To reach the part of the housing that accommodates the spring 5, the closing piston 15 is provided with sealing rings 25 on the outside. At its other end, the damping chamber 24 is fixed in place in the housing 1 by means of clamping pins 27 and the partition wall 30 sealed off by means of sealing rings 28, 29. On the other side of the Partition 50, another liquid chamber 31 is provided, towards the end of the housing 1 via a displaceable in the housing and opposite this by means of a sealing ring 32 sealed end wall is closed. These The end wall is via a piece of pipe firmly attached to it

34 firmly, for example by welding, with a stopper

35 connected, which carries a thread 36 on the outside, by means of which the suspension and damping device can also be connected, for example, to the scissors of a vehicle seat can. The plug 35 therefore serves as a second point of application of force for the external forces applied to the suspension and damping device. In the inside of the Plugging. 35 is a coaxially extending through the entire housing extending rod 37 by means of a threaded connection 38 screwed in. This rod 37 is used, as will be extended, as an adjusting device for the damping and Blocking of the suspension and damping device.

The rod 37 is somewhat thickened at its end facing the plug 35, and at the transition from this thickened part 39 to the thinner rod part has a valve cone $ 0 designed as a truncated cone. A valve body 4l is arranged displaceably on the thickened rod part 39 and is supported against the plug 35 with a pretensioned valve spring 42. This valve body 41 has an interior which is connected via a bore 44 to an overflow space 45 which is formed by the pipe section J> K, the plug 35 and

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the sliding end wall 33 is formed. By doing · Valve body 41 is also provided with a bore 46 which has a slightly larger diameter than the thinner part the rod 37 has. The valve body 41 is inside with a. the valve cone 4o corresponding valve seat 47 is provided so that when the rod 37 is displaced by unscrewing it from the threaded connection 38 ′ up to the stop of the valve cone 4o the liquid passage is blocked on the valve seat 47. At the same time, when the rod 37 is only partially unscrewed from the threaded connection 38, the bore becomes 44 partially closed, so that a flow of liquid flowing through this bore is throttled.

The valve body 41 itself points in the area of the bore 46 on its outside a valve cone 48, which in the idle state due to the bias of the valve spring 42 is pressed against a valve seat 49 on the end wall 33. The end wall 33 is with the end piston I5 via a Connection pipe 50 * that is screwed into the former two is firmly connected. This connecting pipe 50 surrounds the Rod 37 with so much handle that an annular channel 51 remains here, which passes through one or more passage bores 52 is connected to the damping chamber 24. The overflow space 45 is with the liquid chamber 31 by means of several in the End wall 33 attached overflow channel © 53 connected.

To rotate the rod 37 is on the operating side of the suspension and damping device facing end Longitudinal groove 55 attached. The rod is mounted in a guide tube 55 rotatably mounted in the thin tube 6, which has a knurled handle 56 at its outer end. Guide tube 55 together with the knurled handle 56 are rotatable but axially via a bead engaging in a groove 57 of the guide tube

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compared to the former, immovable. Inside is that Guide tube 55 has a nose 59 engaging in groove 57 attached so that the rod 37 is rotated when the knurled handle is turned and at the same time because of their taking place here Axial movement can move axially in this.

The damping chamber 24 is across from the liquid chamber J51 a lip seal 60 arranged in the partition wall Jo tightly separated, which has a liquid passage along the connecting pipe 50 prevents. A liquid passage from the connecting pipe 5o in the part receiving the spring 5 of the housing 1 along the rod 37 is by one in the End piston arranged, acting on the rod 57 Lip seal prevents. In the damping chamber 24 and the liquid chamber 31 are annular, made of elastic Rubber or plastic existing, against the wall of the housing 1 abutting stop rings 62, 63 provided by means which is prevented that with a reciprocating movement of the end piston I5 and end wall 33 this can strike directly against the partition 3o.

The mode of operation of the suspension and damping device according to FIG. 1 is as follows

a) suspension ; Due to the bias of the spring 5, which is designed as a tension spring, the release and damping device is in the rest position shown in FIG. 1. By applying a tensile load that tends to move the force application points 14 and 36 away from each other, a tensile force is exerted on the spring 5 via the thread 36, the plug 35 *, the pipe section 34, the end wall 33ί, the connecting pipe 50 and the projection 14 of the end piston 15, which is fixed at its other end by means of the axial ball bearing 12 and the thin tube 6 in an axially immovable manner with respect to the housing 1. ,

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b) Change in the distance between the force application points and, as a result, height adjustment of a seat provided with the suspension and damping device »·

By turning the operating handle 8 from the position shown in FIG position shown above in the position shown below in Fig. 1, the angle 2o relative to the as Another force application point serving thread J56 shifted, whereby, for example, a scissor seat is adjusted in its height without the bias of the spring 5 changing.

c) Change in the spring preload and the resulting adaptation to different weight loadsi

By turning the operating handle 8 in its pulled-out position, in which its hexagon socket 9 is force-locked into the The outer hexagon 7 of the thin tube 6 is closed, the spring brought from the position shown above in Fig. 1 to the lower, strongly stretched position shown in Fig. 1, thereby causing a seat in which this suspension and damping device is installed for a higher weight load of a user is adapted.

d) damping s moved outside to the case of a tensile load on the spring and damping device ,, ie a movement of a scissors seat downward, the end wall and the closure piston J3j5 15th Here, the volume of the damping chamber 24 becomes smaller and the volume of the liquid chamber 31 larger, but the total volume of both chambers remains the same. Damping fluid is pressed from the damping chamber 24 through the passage bore 52 into the annular channel 51 of the connecting pipe 50 and flows while the valve body 41 lifts off the valve seat 49 and furthermore at the same time. through the bore 46, the über ^ Romanraum 45 in the valve body 41 and the bore 44, so

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in two ways, into the overflow space 45 and from there through the overflow channels 53 into the liquid chamber 31 » When the liquid flows in the opposite direction, i.e. when the tension spring is relieved, the ' Damping fluid only through the bore 44, the interior 43 of the valve body and the bore 46 in the valve body 41, since the valve body 41 is not lifted off the valve seat 49 with such a flow. In this case, the damping of the suspension and damping device is greater than when the Spring 5 · Pure practical application means that the return movement of a seat after the deflection is dampened more than the deflection itself.

e) Damping adjustment: By screwing the rod 37 into or out of the threaded connection 38 in the plug by means of the knurled handle 56, the thickened part 39 of the rod 37 is brought more or less in front of the bore 44 in the valve body 41, so that the free flow cross-section and so that the damping is also changed. At the same time, the possible lifting movement of the valve body 41 from the valve seat 49 on the closing wall 33 is changed, so that the free flow cross-section and thus the damping are also changed here.

f) Blocking: If the rod 37 is screwed out of the threaded connection 33 by means of the knurled handle 56 so far that the valve cone 4o rests tightly on the valve seat 47 in the valve body 41 and at the same time presses the valve body tightly against the valve seat 49 on the end wall 33, the liquid passage is completely blocked, so that the entire suspension and damping device is inherently rigid

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is. This is particularly important in the event that the driver gets out of a truck or bus and prevents it wants his seat to rise because he would have difficulty getting back in, between the raised seat and get on the steering wheel. So he can block the seat in its loaded sitting position.

In Fig. 2 is an essentially identical embodiment of the suspension and damping device according to the invention shown, in which the same parts with the same function are represented by the same reference numerals as in FIG. Only the operation of the has changed Change of attenuation and blocking. In this case, the rod 37 including the rotating devices has been omitted instead of the thickened part 39 of the rod, a valve stem 63 has stepped through = the plug 35a, through which it is sealed with a lip seal 64 · after is guided outside.

The force is applied instead of via the thread 36 via laterally extending levers 65, in which levers 65 are arranged parallel to the other two levers which form the further force application point. The levers 65 are mounted on a associated with the stopper 35a, slidably mounted on the housing 1, sleeve 66 for example by welding ^v.

A rod 67 serving as an abutment is welded to the sleeve 66 on its outside and at the bottom, which carries a lever 68 pivotably mounted in it, by means of which the valve stem 63 can be moved with the already described effect of the damping change and blocking. The pivoting movements of the lever 68 take place

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via a parallel to the suspension and damping device arranged and displaceable by rotation actuating rod 69, which in one of the levers 65 in a threaded bushing 7o Rotation is axially displaceable. The actuating rod 69 is attached elastically to the free end of the lever 68 in such a way that that they have slight angular changes between the lever and the operating rod 69 can receive. By guiding the operating rod 69 in one of the levers 65, which is on the Sleeve 66 is connected to the plug 55a, causes Changes in the distance between the force application points brought about by moving the lever 2oa relative to the housing 1 to the position of the valve stem 65 are without any influence.

Instead of such a lever actuation for the valve stem 65 can, for example, also be a Bowden cable adjustment or take place via a Morse thrust element, the operating handles of which can be attached to the dashboard, for example could.

The levers 65 and 2oa acting as force application points are shown in FIG. 3. It is made of sheet metal parts Pressed box girders that carry locating pins 7I, which are snapped into location bores of a scissors frame of a vehicle seat. The locating pins are for this purpose 71 designed to be displaceable.

Another modification, not shown in the drawing, of the suspension and damping device according to the invention is possible to the effect that the liquid chamber 31 with the Damping chamber 24 * outside the housing 1 is connected to a line in which the adjustable Damping devices are located. In this case it would be

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End wall. 33 under the port case of the overflow space 45 directly connected to the force application point 36 or 65 .

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Claims (1)

Expectations I.)) Suspension and damping device, in particular for '5SaMrersitze in trucks and buses with a spring with adjustable preload and a damping element, characterized in that the spring (5) , the damping element and adjusting devices (8, "6; 8, 19 ) are arranged coaxially in or on a housing (1) for pretensioning the spring and for changing the distance between the points of application (2o, 36; 2oa, 65) of the externally applied forces, and that the adjusting devices can be operated from the same side of the housing. 2.) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a common operating handle (8) is provided to adjust the bias of the spring (5) and to change the distance between the force application points (2o, 36; 2oa, 65). 5.) Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the operating handle (8) coaxially on the housing (1) between an engagement position for the adjustment device: (6) for pretensioning the spring (5) and an engagement position for the adjustment device (19 ) for the force application points (2o, 36; 2oa, 65) is arranged displaceably. 4.) Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spring (5) and the damping element are arranged one behind the other and connected to one another in the cylindrical housing (1). - 2 - 209845/0410 5.) Device according to one of claims 1 to k _s, characterized in that the damping element essentially has two rigidly interconnected, in the housing (1) displaceable end walls or piston (33 or I5), between which one two Chambers (24, 31) separating partition (30) 'is fixedly arranged in the housing, the two chambers being connected to one another via throttling overflow devices » 6.) Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the spring (5) at one end with a closing wall or a closing piston (I5) and at its other end with a housing opposite uem (1) by means of the operating handle (8.) axially adjustable tube (6) is connected. "· *. ' 7.) Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that one point of application (36, 65) for the externally applied forces with an end wall (33) is connected, while the other point of application (2o, 2oa) on one the housing (1) guided coaxially to this by means of the operating handle (8) axially adjustable adjusting sleeve (19) is attached. 8.) Device according to claim 7 * characterized in that a differential thread is provided for adjusting the adjusting sleeve (19). 9.) Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the throttling overflow devices have an adjustable throttle cross-section until it is completely closed. - 3 209845/0410 lo.) Device according to claim 9, characterized in that a rod (37, 69) which can be operated from the operator side for the spring preload and for the distance between the force application points is provided for adjusting the throttle devices 11.) Device according to claim Io, characterized in that the rod (37) is guided coaxially in the housing (1). 12.) Device according to claim Io or 11, characterized in that on the rod (37, 39) designed as a check valve valve body (41) is guided, which by means of a valve spring (42) against a valve seat located on the end wall (33) is lifted pressed. 13.) Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the valve body (41) has one of the rod (39) partially or completely closable throttle bore (44). 14.) Device according to claim 12 odelr 13 * labeled in terized in that the valve body (41) (37 * 39) can be pressed by means of the rod in complete closure of the throttle bore (44) against the valve seat (49). 15.) device 5 ff · * according to one of the claims that the end walls or final piston (15 * 33) are connected together via a connecting pipe (50), at the same time as a pressure relief device between the chambers (24, J> 1) serves, wherein the valve body (4l) rests against one opening thereof. 209845 / OA10 Blank page