DE2052881A1 - Wool-washing liquid compsn - contg anionic and cationic tensides and basic complex-forming materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Wool or wool textiles are washed by hand or machine using a wash liq. contg. (i) 5-50 (10-35) wt.% tenside combination of 60-97 (70-85) wt.% anionic tensides at least half the wt of which consists alpha-sulphofatty acid esters, esp. with 9-23 (11-17)C in fatty alkyl gp and with 1-4C in ester alcohol, gp., and/or olefin sulphonates; 3-40 (15-30) wt.% cationic tensides in substoichiometric amts wrt total amt of anionic tensides and present as surface active quaternary NH4 salts, esp. as halides and methyl sulphates with at least one 8-20C aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or alkylaromatic gp; (ii) 50-95 (65-90) wt.% supporting, partic complex-forming materials, at least part of which react as alkalies and >=50 (>=70)wt.% consist of condensed phosphates, esp. tripolyphosphate and/or org. complex formers, esp. N- and/or P-contg. and 0-30 (1-15) wt.% dirt-carriers, softeners, foam stabilisers anti-microbially active materials, perfumes, dyes and water.

Description

"Process for washing wool and woolen textiles" is the subject of the Invention is a method of washing wool and woolen fabrics using a combination of anionic surfactants and sub-stoichiometric ones based on them Amounts of cationic surfactants and builder substances The amounts used according to the invention This is a combination of anionic and cationic surfactants and builders characterized in that the anionic surfactants contained in it at least half their weight consist of c6-sulfofatty acid esters and / or olefin sulfonates that as cationic surfactants in sub-stoichiometric amounts based on the total amount of the anionic surfactants, surface-active quaternary ammonium salts and, furthermore, in particular complex-forming structural substances and optionally nonionic surfactants and Other usual ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents for wool are available are.

In the case of the anionic surfactants of the α-sulfo fatty acid ester type it is those with 9-23, preferably 11-17 carbon atoms preferably hydrogenated fatty alkyl radical, and 1 - 4 carbon atoms in the ester alcohol radical.

The diethyl esters are particularly preferred, for example the cC-sulfococo fatty acid methyl esters, cC-sulfohydrotalg fatty acid methyl ester, α-sulfohydropalm kernel fatty acid methyl ester etc..

Olefin sulfonates are obtained from olefin mixtures with 17-18 carbon atoms obtained by sulfonating with SO3 and hydrolyzing the sulfonation products Substances that essentially consist of alkene sulfonate and hydroxyalkanesulfonate, but also contain small amounts of disulfonates, in Bctracht. the Olefin sulfonates used can consist of straight-chain terminal or internal Olefins are produced.

Other anionic surfactants which may be present are also available the soaps especially the surfactants of the sulfonate and sulfate type from the series of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or fatty aromatic sulfonates -bzw. Sulphates into consideration. Such Compounds contain at least one hydrophobic residue in the molecule of mostly - 26, preferably 10-22 and especially 10-18 carbon atoms and at least an anionic water-solubilizing group.

The hydrophobic residue can be linked to the water-solubilizing groups directly or via intermediate members such as benzene rings, carboxylic acid ester groups or carbonamide groups, residues of polyhydric alcohols bonded in ether or ester fashion such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin. links of this type are, for example, the alkylaryl sulfonates, in particular the alkylbenzenesulfonates with 9-15, -in particular 10-14 carbon atoms, the alkanesulfonates, which from Paraffins with 12-16 carbon atoms obtained by sulfoxidation the fatty alcohol sulfates, fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, alkylphenol polyglycol ether sulfates etc. 'Unless otherwise stated, the anionic surfactants' are sodium salts before.

As cationic surfactants of the type of surface-active quaternary Ammonium salts are in particular the halides and methosulphates, which are at least an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or alkylaromatic radical with 8-20 Have carbon atoms, used. As an example of such quaternary ammonium compounds are to be mentioned: trimethyl-dodecylammonium chloride, trimethyl-octadecylammonium chloride, Trimethyl-hydrotalga-alkylammonium methosulfate, dimethyl-dodecyl-benzylammonium chloride, N-dodecylpyridinium chloride, N-tetradecyl-pyridinium chloride, N-octadecyl-pyridinium chloride etc..

Any nonionic surfactants that may be present are involved these are products that have their hydrophilic properties due to the presence of a nonionic Residues such as polyether chains, amine oxide, sulfoxide or phosphine oxide groups, Alkylolaraid groupings and, in general, an accumulation of hydroxyl groups owe.

In general, the hydrophobic residues already come from the description the radicals mentioned of the anionic surfactants. Particularly useful nonionics Surfactants are, for example, the addition products of ethylene oxide or glycide of fatty alcohols, alkylphenols, fatty acids, fatty amines. If such nonionic Surfactants are used in the method according to the invention for ashing wool, They are only used in small quantities compared to the anionic uncl cationic Surfactants used.

; The structural substances consist in particular of inorganic complexing agents of the polyphosphate type, preferably tripolyphosphate, and / or of organic Complexing agents, preferably nitrogenous compounds of the nitrilotriacetic acid type, Ethylenediamine tetrasacetic acid, N-hydroxyethyl-ethylenediamine triacetic acid, polyalkylene-polyamine-N-polycarboxylic acids etc..

If appropriate, organic complexing agents of the phosphonic acid type can also be used. The well-known phosphonic acid complexing agents include di- and folyphosphonic acids of the following constitutions: wherein R Aikyl and R 'alkylene radicals with 1-8, preferably with 1-4 carbon atoms, X and Y represent hydrogen atoms or alkyl radicals with 1-4 carbon atoms and Z the groups -OH, -NH2 or -NXR. The following compounds are particularly suitable for practical use: methylenediphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, 1-aminoethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, amino-tri- (methylenephosphonic acid), methylamino- or ethylamino-di- (methylenephosphonic acid) and ethylenediamine tetra (methylenephosphonic acid).

In addition to these complex-forming framework substances, subordinate Amounts of weakly acidic, neutral or alkaline salts, such as the bicarbonates, carbonates, borates, silicates, sulfates, ortho- or pyrophosphates the alkalis must be present.

In the combinations used according to the invention for washing wool are the structural substances - unless expressly stated otherwise is - used in the form of sodium salts.

Among the other usual ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents for wool, for example, dirt carriers, foam-regulating substances, softeners, Antimicrobial agents, fragrances and dyes understood, when washing wool and wool textiles with combinations that, in addition to the anionic surfactants mentioned, in particular the cationic surfactants mentioned in addition to the CC-sulfo fatty acid esters in substoichiometric amounts and the complex-forming structural substances mentioned contain, surprisingly, a considerable improvement in the dirt or Ability to remove grease and disperse compared to preparations containing only anionic surfactants included, achieved.

To achieve the improved detergency, you can use the cationic Adding surfactants to a detergent and cleaning agent, the other ingredients the combination contains, and preferably by hot drying an aqueous batch of the components was manufactured. The cationic surfactants can also be the aqueous use solution of such a detergent and cleaning agent added will; or it becomes the wool to be washed soaked with the cationic surfactant put in such a ready-to-use solution. Optionally one can use the anionic and cationic surfactants of the combination defined above in the treatment baths also add one after the other in any order, if you take care, that in the final treatment bath the cationic surfactants in a sub-stoichiometric ratio available. It can optionally also be proceeded in such a way that one by reacting the anionic surfactants with the cationic surfactants in a known manner Way the sparingly soluble salt-like compounds consisting of surfactant anion and Produces surfactant cation, which may also be used in the other embodiments are formed, and these reaction products a detergent consisting of the other ingredients or the aqueous solution of this detergent is added. Included the surfactant anion of the reaction product does not need the composition of the anionic one To correspond to surfactant in the mixture of the other detergent ingredients.

As such reaction products of anionic and cationic Surfactants that result in the mixing of aqueous solutions of the starting components Precipitation can be easily obtained, for example, as follows called: N-dodecylpyridinium tallow fatty acid methyl ester-CX-sulfonate, N-trimethyl-N-hexadecyl-ammonium olefin (C15) sulfonate, N-dodecylpyridinium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, N-tetradecylpyridinium coconut alkyl sulfate etc..

The combination that can be used according to the invention or the detergents containing it and cleaning agents or washing and cleaning liquors obtained therefrom are suitable for all common washing and cleaning processes relating to wool and woolen textiles in trade and household such as washing raw wool or washing and cleaning of soiled woolen fabrics.

The composition of a combination which can be used according to the invention containing detergents and cleaning agents for wool and woolen textiles is generally in the range of the following formulation: 5 - 50, preferably 10 - 35% by weight, 4 of a surfactant combination consisting of 60-97, preferably 70-85% by weight of anionic surfactants, the at least half of their weight from α-sulfo fatty acid esters and / or olefin sulfonates consist, 3 - .40, preferably 15-30 wt .-% of cationic surfactants according to the above Definition, in a sub-stoichiometric proportion compared to the anionic surfactants, O - 15, preferably 1 - 10% by weight, S nonionic surfactants, 50 - 95, preferably 65-90% by weight of structural substances, at least some of these structural substances reacts alkaline and wherein at least 50 wt .-%, in particular at least 70 wt .- of the structural substances from condensed phosphates, preferably tripolyphosphate and / or organic romnlexbildnern, and O - 30, preferably 1 - 15 wt. other ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents for wool and woolen textiles such as dirt, plasticizers, foam stabilizers, antimicrobial agents Active ingredients, fragrances and dyes, water.

The detergents and cleaning agents mentioned above which can be used according to the invention Recipes are preferably made by making an aqueous batch of the ingredients with the exception of the cationic surfactants by hot drying in a detergent powder transferred and this detergent powder subsequently the likewise powdery adding cationic surfactants. Should the above-mentioned reaction products from anionic and cationic surfactants are used, it may be advantageous to these reaction products by mixing with some of the structural substances in transferring a dry powdery intermediate product.

The detergents and cleaning agents which can be used according to the invention are suitable suitable for hand and machine wash. This is generally at temperatures in the range of 20-60 ° C., preferably 25-400 ° C. and a liquor ratio of generally washed 1:25 to 1:50. The concentration of the detergent and cleaning agent depending on the degree of soiling is 3 - 10 g / l, with the anionic surfactant in one Amount of 0.8-2.5 g / l and the cationic surfactant in an amount of 0.15-0.75 g / l is present.

The constituents of the detergents and cleaning agents that can be used according to the invention, in particular the structural substances are usually selected so that the preparations react neutral to clearly alkaline, so that the pII value of a 1 show solution of the preparation is usually in the range of 7 - 9.5.

Examples Example 1 One with a standard skin oil soiling and pigment dirt heavily soiled raw white, unbleached wool yarn was in 50 ° C in water for 160 d with a liquor ratio of 1:50 in a yarn washing machine Washed for 15 min. In a liquor containing 1.2 g / 1 α-sulfostearic acid methyl ester, 0,) g / l N-dodecyl-pyridinium chloride, 2.0 g / l sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.5 g / l Contained sodium sulfate. After washing, the samples were rinsed three times for 3 minutes each time and dried. The improvement in detergency was determined by measuring the Remission with an Elrepho photometer from Carl Zeiss with xenon illumination (Filter F 1 and blocking filter Fl 46) compared to a remission standard (with A non-soiled wool yarn sample washed with a non-ionic surfactant solution, Reflectance value = 70). Accordingly, the treated according to the invention showed Wool yarn had a remission value of 62, while in the comparative test in which the Amount of N-dodecylpyridinium chloride was replaced by sodium sulfate, a reflectance value of only 52, i.e. 10 units lower.

Example 2 A wool yarn soiled as in Example 1 was used after the washing process specified there with a detergent of the following composition treated: 20 wt .-% α-Sulfotalg fatty acid methyl ester, 10 wt .-% sodium coconut alcohol (C12-C14) diethylene glycol ether sulfate, 40% by weight nitrilotriacetic acid sodium salt, 1% by weight sodium toluenesulfonate, 24% by weight Sodium sulfate, 5% by weight N-dodecylpyridinium chloride.

The remission value was compared to a comparison detergent (Sodium sulfate instead of N-dodecylpyridinium chloride) by 6 units from 54 60 increased. Similar results as in Examples 1 and 2 were obtained with detergents in which the 0 'sulfo fatty acid ester partially or completely Olefin sulfonate was replaced.

Example 3 A particularly suitable one for use in drum washing machines Detergent for woolen textiles has the following composition: 8.5% by weight α-sulfohydrotalg fatty acid methyl ester, 2.5% by weight coconut alcohol (C12-C18) sulfate, 0.5% by weight soap with essentially 18 - 22 carbon atoms, 2.5% by weight of N-dodecylpyridinium chloride, 50.0% by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, 5.0% by weight Na2O # 3.35 SiO2, 1.5% by weight carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.1% by weight fragrance, Remainder sodium sulfate and water.

Claims (6)

Patent claims 1. Process for washing wool and woolen textiles using wash liquors that are a combination of anionic and cationic Contain surfactants and builders, characterized in that the Combination contained anionic surfactants at least half their weight consist of 2-sulfofatty acid esters and / or olefin sulfonates that as cationic Surfactants in sub-stoichiometric amounts based on the total amount of the anionic Surfactants, surface-active quaternary ammonium salts and also, in particular, complex-forming salts Builder substances and optionally nonionic surfactants and other customary ones Components of detergents and cleaning agents for wool are present. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that tA sulfo fatty acid ester with 9-23, preferably 11-17 carbon atoms in the fatty alkyl radical and 1-4 carbon atoms can be used in the ester alcohol residue. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized gekennze1cet that surface-active quaternary ammonium salts, in particular halides and methosulfates, with at least an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or alkyl aromatic radical with 8-20 carbon atoms be used. 4. The method according to claim 1-3, characterized in that one from a combination according to claim 1, an aqueous use solution with 3 - 10 g / l produces the anionic surfactant in an amount of 0.8-2.5 g / l and the cationic Contains surfactant in an amount of 0.15-0.75 g / l, and at temperatures in the range of 20-60 ° C, preferably 25-40 ° C and a liquor ratio of 1:25 to 1:50 washes. 5. The method according to claim 1-4 using a combination according to claim 1 containing detergents and cleaning agents for wool and wool textiles, the composition of which is generally in the range of the following recipe: 5 - 50, preferably 10 - 55% by weight of a surfactant combination consisting of 60 - 97, preferably 70-85 wt. anionic surfactants, at least half of their Weight consists of Q; sulfofatty acid esters and / or olefin sulfonates, 3 - 40, preferably 15-30 wt. cationic surfactants according to claim i, in relation to the anionic surfactants in a sub-stoichiometric proportion, 0-15, preferably 1-10% by weight of nonionic surfactants, 50-95, preferably 65-90% by weight of builders, at least some of these builder substances reacting alkaline and at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 70% by weight, of the structural substances from condensed Phosphates, preferably tripolyphosphate and / or organic complexing agents, and 0-30J, preferably 1-15% by weight of other ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents for wool and wool textiles such as dirt carriers, softeners, foam stabilizers, antimicrobial agents, fragrances and dyes, water. 6. The method according to claim 1 - 5 using a washing and Cleaning agent according to Claim 5, characterized in that the organic complexing agent as part of the structural substances nitrogen- and / or phosphorus-containing organic complexing agents can be used.