DE2030214A1 - Sanding element for fine smoothing wooden molded parts as well as method and machine for performing the fine smoothing - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney Dipl.-Ing. Walter Jackisdi

7 Stuttgart N, Mtmtanß » 40

Michael Veinig KG A 31 763 ~ bo

6972 Saüberbischofaheim den ^IS · ¹ ^ "' ¹⁹⁷

Michael-Veinig-Strasse 1

Sanding element sum peeling of wooden molded parts as well as process and machine sum carrying out the fine smoothing

The invention relates to a grinding element sum peen smoothing of Holsformteile, in particular of raw or lacquered wooden moldings as well as a method and a machine to carry out fine smoothing ·. .

For fine-smoothing molded parts from Bohhola that are subsequently coated with paints such as polyester paints, polyurethane-based paints, Hitrolack or gypsum-based paints Various methods are known «.

One of the most common is a grinding wheel Wood, cork or rubber used, the counter-shape corresponding to the hollow molded part to be sanded (megative shape) is given, which is covered with emery paper. «The grinding tool prepared in this way is rubbed * uf the xu. sliding hollow molded part moved by hand or by machine

This method has Saharan shortcomings. Tor all requires the production of the counter shape on the grinding wheel Use of expensive facilities and is also very laborious on the side · Next, it is practically impossible to use the

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respective counter-form flawless with emery paper lining, which means that the surfaces of the wood molding that are to be finely smoothed are not processed evenly. This can lead to fora changes on the molded wooden part itself.

It has been found to be particularly disadvantageous that the edges are often strongly rounded, and so too Unsmoothed zones remain on the molded wooden part.

) For the work as such it turns out to be a particularly great disadvantage that the sandpaper is wears out very quickly and accordingly has to be replaced frequently, which in each case means an interruption in work has the consequence

A further disadvantage is that this method is unsuitable for smoothing painted format parts, since the Im Fatty substances, paraffins or other resinous substances contained in varnish very quickly smear the pores of the sandpaper, making it unusable will.

Another method is to use a counter-shape in a disk made of rubber, cork or some other material and lined with sandpaper. With this method, the disc is set in rotation for smoothing the respective molded part.

With this method, too, ßpezialaechinen are necessary to produce the counter-shape in the disc that forms the grinding wheel, and also to apply the Sandpaper is, on the other hand, very time-consuming. In addition, with this method, too, all those

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parts available ,, those listed above are *

Another known method is as a grinding wheel a rigid disc is provided which contains suitable abrasives * and in which a counter-shape is incorporated · For fine smoothing, the disc is driven in a rotating manner «As the disc in this construction is rigid, a perfect, flat support on the part to be finely smoothed is not possible, «As results in unsatisfactory work results« In addition, you can also use such grinding wheels painted surfaces practically not processed, de h · are finely smoothed "because here too the pores smear up after a very short working time, and accordingly a grinding effect is no longer achieved

To previously become known methods for fine smoothing wood moldings, both to and from raw and painted Holsforal ⁴ - serving, IABT be summarized therefore find that one of the main drawbacks of the necessity of making a counter-mold is in each case to be smoothed wood molding to as the production an exact Gegenfora is extremely expensive. ·

Even with exact counter-forms, however, the known methods by no means allow a uniform and also achieve work results that are satisfactory in terms of quality «

From special »Bach part is further that none of the known Methods of finishing paintwork Wood moldings is suitable.

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The object of the invention is to eliminate these deficiencies * This is achieved according to the invention by the fact that the sanding element is fine-smoothing wooden molded parts, in particular raw or lacquered wooden _{phone parts, held together by a binding agent T} whose hardness is lower than the fine-smoothing hole molded part SchleifkSmern consists "

The lower hardness of the binding agent compared to the respective HoIsk molded part to be processed has the consequence that the binding agent is broken down when the sanding element is grinded over the wooden molding, and that abrasive particles as the surface come back from the depressions created by the breakdown of the binding agent. The release of these squabble grains, which exert a grinding effect for as long as they are displaced from the actual working surface between the grinding element and the wood molding, causes a constant renewal of the working surface of the grinding element® _f, which consequently retains its working properties in an unchanged manner until the grinding element as such is consumed is·

It thus results in the case of the Ksang according to the invention Initially a much longer, possible working time between the ■ tools needed to be changed, i.e. the grinding element, necessary interruptions.

Another major advantage of using a grinding element according to the invention is that the grinding element by the degradation after and according to the contour of the woodfon part to be finely smoothed can adapt completely, so that an even loading

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The grained, fine-smoothing surface is easy to work with is achieved · Complicated devices for producing a counter-shape fall in the inventive «Ate the solution« eg.

One of the actual operations of the smoothing Prior adaptation to the contour of the wood molding to be finely smoothed can be achieved according to the invention in the simplest manner in that »to the grinding element initially opposite a »sample Holxforateil uses, The sum example consists of a harder pride than the fine-smoothing molded part, which means that a corresponding counter-shape is formed in the grinding element in a relatively short time. «The absolute adaptation to the shaped wood part to be finely smoothed in the? orm the contour results from work

Gate suspension for such work is that the Hardness of the binding agent of the grinding element lower than the surface hardness of the molded wood part be too soft, as otherwise the abrasive grains would generally come free in a short period of time and would not be able to exert the desired grinding effect

In accordance with these requirements, the percentage of binder in comparison to the amount of abrasive must be neither high nor low, that is to say on the one hand that would lead to the fact that the grinding element is not dismantled in the way that is necessary for the continuous renewal of its work surface *

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In the context of the invention, there are accordingly upper and lower 'limits both for the hardness of the binder and for the percentage of the substances forming the abrasive element. The limits are each from depends on the material to be processed and is expediently determined in coordination with the material to be processed.

On the other hand, it is possible to specify a range of values within which the usual values lie, which must be determined on a case-by-case basis.

For example, a sanding element suitable for smoothing wood moldings made of raw wood is obtained if sanding grains (corundum, common corundum, carborundum, silicon carbide or others) in a range of 80 to 360 grains / mm are formed with a binding agent, for example through a resin of a polyvinyl chloride, a Hitrohars, a polyurethane resin, a polyester resin, an organic adhesive, a synthetic adhesive, a thermoplastic, artificial adhesive based on polyvinyl or silicone or terracotta, in a percentage of 30 to 37 % ml. and old to a water volume which comes to evaporation during hardening and 3Eroeknena.

An excellent composition for a grinding element consists, for example, of a mixture of corundum ""grains; (120 Mrner / mm ² ) with 5? % PYG-Smrs and a corresponding, exact amount of vase added · M © by mixing this component «obtained» paste is brought into special shapes, where it «after ice r gewia *»

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sen time of weaning ”. After the subsequent drying, the mixture is ready for use finished grinding element ο

For the fine smoothing of lacquered wooden moldings or of painted surfaces takes place expediently an abrasive element with a modified composition Use · The use of a Softer binding agent is useful in order to prevent laek particles from clogging the pores of the grinding element and thus destroying its smoothing properties do. In addition, when fine-smoothing lacquered surfaces or lacquered wooden moldings, a Moistening of the between the working surface of the grinding element and the area to be smoothed of the molded part is expedient. To do this, a Serve liquid that softens the paint a little (but without dissolving it), lubricates the surface and the removed Ziackpartikel is also washed away, thus preventing the "* e" from being fine-smoothed Smear the surface and the forums of the abrasive element To add it '· A solvent, for example turpentine oil, can be used for this purpose conventional gasoline is possible, but with certain difficulties because of the gases that are generated and dangers connected. Vasser has proven to be unsuitable in this context, since it does not contain any has lubricating properties

The use of a liquid to moisten the surface to be treated in that of the grinding element covered area brings with it various demands. One is the use of a dry binder; H. of a binding agent that is

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saomenfahren with; the liquid itself does not _{soften o} On the other hand, aollten too. Devices are provided by which a part of the specified amount of liquid can be absorbed »

In practice, one may be suitable for this purpose Mixture to form a grinding element from SchleifkSrnera (Corundum, common corundum, earborundum, common Carborundum, silicone materials, etc.) of various sizes

Order »wischen 80 und 360 Kornern / aa» consist of 80 to 120 % dry binding agent (cement, gypsum, lime * terracotta etc.), an expansive liquid, through which a porosity of the binding agent is achieved, and water to mix the paste ·

The liquid-absorbing gown can be one There are felt strips, but also through loose fil fibers be mixed. The file strip can old sanding with ~ telaasse be smeared and on the side of the Abrasive element be arranged «, with regard to the solvent © no further specification is required; ® @ However, it must be different from one of the jaws of the molding Composition so that the commission of the The latter is avoided "ale is particularly useful, turpentine oil, bzt?", a solvent the basis of natural or synthetic a iferpen » tin-

A sanding element that is very smoothly lacquered Molded wood parts or lacquered on the surface Particularly suitable surfaces, the shape of a hollow cylinder, in particular a thick-walled hollow cylinder, and made of Eorundkdrnem (120 Kdrner / mra), liquid

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According to cement, 1 cap of expansive liquid (see example of oxygen-enriched liquid) and a corresponding amount of water , the proportion of corundum grains and cement together make up 95% of the grinding eggs.

Inside the which is removed during fine-smoothing A synthetic filament can be arranged on the grinding element, which is soaked with abrasive compound

For smoothing raw or lacquered, over yours Longitudinal extension preferably having a constant cross section wooden moldings, in particular using of grinding elements of the type described above can be used within the framework of the invention, a machine with a support for the shaped wooden part and at least one tool holder for at least one grinding element is, and in which the tool carrier in the longitudinal direction of the clamped wooden molded part for its processing and moving forward

According to the invention, in such a machine, the tool carrier is to one in the longitudinal direction of the hole molding extending vertical plane adjustable in its angular position, such that without changing the position of the molded part Areas of the machine that are at an angle to one another are to be finely smoothed

The machine thus also makes it possible to sum Example of fine-smoothing horizontal and perpendicular surfaces of a molded part in the same way, without changing position of the molded part

In an embodiment of such a machine according to the invention the tool carrier can be adjustable over an angle of 180 °, namely about an axis that is in the in

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The longitudinal direction of the shaped wooden part, the vertical plane intersecting the shaped bolt part and approximately on Height of the support surface.

Am a grinding element according to the invention as well the invention, preferably for fine smoothing of raw or lacquered shaped bolt parts by means of a grinding element according to the invention Machine according to the invention is hereinafter referred to of exemplary embodiments explained in more detail. Show it:

Pig. 1 shows a section according to the cutting guide

II in Fig. 2 by a grinding element according to the invention, which is used for dry-fine smoothing of molded parts made of boiled wood,

FIG. 2 shows a view from below of the grinding el ement shown in FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 shows a section line IH-III in FIG. 4 corresponding sectional view of a grinding element according to the invention, such as it especially for Hafi smoothing Molded parts made of lacquered wood is suitable,

FIG. 4 is a view of that shown in FIG Grinding element from below,

Fig. 5 is a schematic front view of a with

inventive grinding elements equipped machine according to the invention,

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6 shows a side view of the machine according to FIG. 5,

Pig »7 an enlarged section of the machine Hatred, in which in particular the gear can be seen, over which the grinding elements are moved opposite to each other, and

Ifig * 8 another machine detail in enlarged Representation, the adjusting device for the tool carrier and in turn the gear are shown in particular.

The grinding element shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is 1st generally referred to as 1 and consists of .ein hollow cylinder 2 old of the hole 3. Xm is essentially the abrasive element made of abrasive grains and a binding agent, such as an adhesive.

At the top, a plate 4 adjoins the hollow cylinder 2, which has an annular projection 5 in the center, which protrudes into the bore 3 and with its free band engages in the cylinder jacket, creating a very fixed connection between the plate 4 and the hollow cylinder 2 obtained, which is obtained in the manufacture of the hollow cylinder with a correspondingly inserted plate 4 · without additional Work results *

The rectangular plate 4- protrudes in plan view (Fig. 2) two one of the opposite sides slightly beyond the outer circumference of the hollow cylinder 2, as a result of which Retaining strip 6 result over which the grinding element is to be connected to a machine head 8 which has corresponding receiving grooves 7.

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If the sole element according to the invention is to be used for grinding by hand, then of course there is no need to attach the plate 4 »

Woä In the illustrated embodiment (Figure ₉ i) is the end face of the work surface forming, lower dee Bohl cylinder 2 in its contour to the contour of Xeins »» gl & ttenden wooden mold Teilee tuned forms a Gegenfons "biesse" öegenform ⁿ is through EeiTbem against a Bohforra to Achieve, which is preferably formed by a wooden molded part made of harder wood, and which is identical in its contour with the fine-smoothing Mols £ ®rmteil.

In Pig. 1 the contour is denoted by 9 because of the counter-shape formed. The base character 10 is selected for the smoothing surface of the molded wooden part 11 made his ka®a, roughly to remove the protrusion © amuaterem Emd © of the hollow.

When editing, so fine form part due to the degradation of the binder, Wood to be processed £ ofstö®ll @ s grooved Sehleifkomer sets · Aa the working side elementas 1 lying loop the friction of the sole hoop

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genform 9 opposite the surface 10 to be smoothed of the shaped wooden part 11 initially rounded in shape and due to the simultaneous breakdown of the binding agent gradually loose «Are the worn abrasive grains with the abrasive element 1 no longer connected, they are initially still lying. free between the counterfora 9 and the surface 10, and contribute here further to the grinding of the surface 10 »Due to the rubbing movement between the Counter-shape 9 of the grinding element 1 and the surface 10 of the wood molding 11 are the loose abrasive grains but eventually pushed out of the work area, either outwards or in the area the hole 3. This degradation of used abrasive grains and the resulting exposure still unused grinding wheel of the grinding element leads to a constant renewal of the counter-form 9? so that the grinding action of the grinding element remains unchanged, and in addition even an improved adjustment of the counterfora 9 to the surface 10 to be smoothed is reached in the course of the operation, whereby a perfect processing of the entire surface 10 is achieved *

In FIGS. 3 and 4, a grinding element 51 is shown, which in principle corresponds to that of the grinding element 1 in flg. 1 and 2. The grinding element 51, too consists of a hollow cylinder 52 with a bore 53 · The grinding element 51 * is built up in particular is used for smoothing lacquered wooden moldings, im essentially made of abrasive grains «those with a dry binder and an expansive liquid (not water) is mixed · Further is in the grinding element

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51 a felt strip 63 provided ^ des? old grinding compound ¥ forged is «The felt strip 63 extends - ■ calibrated tangentially to the bore 53 over the entire length of the Hohlaylinders 52.

As in the illustration according to FIGS. 1 and 2, a plate 3 is attached to the upper end of the hollow cylinder 52 de © grinding element 51, which has an annular projection 55 in the center, within which the plate is perforated, and the free one with its free bent outwards The edge of the wall of the hollow cylinder engages and is embedded in this. It also protrudes into this »Aufliimragsbeispiel rectangular plate protrudes above the circumference of the HofelsyiiÄäers 52 b ± TOes _s m® that a protruding land 56 is present, itoer the as a posture en the Schleifelemeat 51 i» corresponding Muten 57. a HasehiaeBkopffe ^ '58 "is to be attached"

In the Böteöiag
66

aatses 53
as well as

64

laf emchtmBg ia

vopli®S5 @ nde »Fall fiber © ine» Support «62 g @ ttalt @ a ₅ Feeding the

Via a flexible ¥ erbiBdiMig _$ aw Bai ^ i © 1 also lli®r a hose 68.

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In contrast to the mode of operation of the and 2 described grinding element is in the implementation of the method according to the invention in the hand 3 and 4 described grinding element 51 is additionally supplied with a solvent in the work area, which has the task of finely smoothing the varnish that forms the surface 60 of the molded wooden parts 61, to soften, but without dissolving it, and also to make it greasy · By the solvent head the paint particles are discharged from the contact zone between the counter-shape 59 of the grinding element and the surface 60 of the wooden molded part 61 »the are removed by the abrasive grains »

In Figures 5 to B the Haschine invention is generally indicated for fine smoothing of raw or painted wood moldings by means of sliding elements according to the invention with 110 * You comprisesa base 111, on which a silver two Hollen 113 is arranged revolving belt 114 _f the transfer, for example, pneumatically actuated cylinder 112 is adjustable in height. The Hotor is denoted by 115, via which the guide rollers 113 of the belt 114 are to be driven in such a way that it rotates continuously.

Working with the belt 114 are two groups 116 of idle roll together, each of the groups comprising three bolts 117 connected by a strap 118 are. The groups of hollows 116 lie above the belt 114 and are generally in the area of its ends with it connected · The function of the Hollen groups 116 is described in more detail below ·

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With 119 two vertical struts extending from the bottom © ekel111 are referred to “over each of which a tool carrier 120 is supported. The tool carrier 120 are based on the Iiängsrichtung the tape back 114 and reciprocally movable _f as indicated by arrows F in Fig. Indicated 3 'This reciprocating ₉ opposite movement of the tool carrier 120 is via a common transmission, a total of 121 BE -> draws is forced, which is driven by the electric motor 12J ·

The gearbox includes a * crank that runs over connecting rods with the tool carrier e & triebsverbun & en is «

As can be seen from Fig. 8, each tool tray is ger 120 mounted so that it extends over an arc of 45 ° adjustable and fixable on a guide rail 122 «.

Additionally zvt. This adjustability of the wheel 120 along the guide rail 122, the tool carriers 120 together with the drive, that is to say after the electric motor 123, are arranged such that they can pivot relative to the vertical struts 119, wad. via dea ans Fig. 6 apparent range to the dot-dashed Iiage _o from Figure "5 is seen ^, DAE a recess is worked 124 in the floor base 111 of the machine in which the motor 123 during the pivoting of the tool support 120 in a can swivel in horizontal position

With 125 iet denotes a container that is attached to one of the vertical struts 119 attached above 1st, and the

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the liquid required for wet grinding, or the solvent required for this. Each tool carrier 120 comprises two abrasive elements according to the invention, each with 126 are designated

When smoothing with the machine according to the invention the molded part to be fine-smoothed is placed between the belt 114 and the Bollengruppen 116 inserted, whereby Over the cylinders 112 adjusted the elevation of the belt is * and whereby the reciprocating pivoting movement of the grinding elements 126 is forced via the gear unit 121 is, in which the grinding elements on the Surface of the molded part are rubbed.

To compensate for the wear on the grinding elements 126 can these in turn in the path of the invention; compared to the actual tool carrier 120 its height adjustable

In the machine according to the invention, it is pivoted the tool carrier 120 on the guide rail 122 or by pivoting the tool tool carrier 120 together with its drive 123 opposite machine support possible, both for a laugh of the belt 114 parallel as well as inclined, sum Example of fleeing perpendicular to the surface of the bandob Smooth out without changing the position of the standard part itself on the belt or in relation to the machine frame having to do what was previously not possible «.

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Claims (1)

20302U _i8 . June 1970 Expectations 1. Schi elf element sum fine smoothing of Helsformtellen, characterized in that the grinding element (1, 51) from a binder, the hardness of which is lower than the hardness d @ a molded part to be finely smoothed, held together SchleifldJmsm exists. 2. Grinding element according to claim 1, characterized in that that al © Biadeaittel eia Kl © ^ ©? Door let · 3 · grinding element according to agreement 1 © of the 2 _S characterized in that the sole element BchleifkSrner - in the GroBeu @ sdiraBg .s * iis © h @ a S @ imi | 60 Qriä @ r / and a sleber share of 30 to 37.% aait «eist · 4- · sanding element che, thereby xiimindest im wesemtiiekeo am @ BeUaifMnmm in the Grö £ enordnong ^ on 120 Könaem / nsi ^ mS 33-% FTÖ-Hare is constructed" · 5 · Schi elf element meh one of the ¥ @ rhe ^ related claims, being characterized by the fact that the Schi eleven element (1, 5Ό as a preferably thick-walled hollow cylinder (2, 52) is formed, and that one end face the cylinder forms the work surface 109818/1182 5 «grinding element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end face of the hollow cylinder (2, 52) forming the working surface ale; Counter-form (9 ♦ 59) for the surface to be finely smoothed (10 * 60) of the wooden format part (11, 61) is formed » 7. Sanding element Naeh claim 1 in particular for _fine-t .glätten of painted wood moldings, characterized in that as binder a 5JrockensQbstanj5 cement, gypsum odo the like., Is provided such as lime, · 8ο grinding element according to spoke 7, characterized in that the dry substance su a percentage of SO to 120 % with grinding grains of the size 80 to 360 2ornern / mm, mixed with an expansive liquid and with water. 9 "Grinding element according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the grinding element essentially * abrasive grains of the size of 120 X5rnera / ma ² eütfellt that the grinding and the ifeockesnmibstsn" as a binding agent together make up 95 % of the grinding oleaent · 10th grinding element according to any one of claims 7 to 9 », that the grinding element (51) al · hollow cylinder, in particular thick-walled Hohlaylinder (52) is formed so that a feed line (67) is provided for a solvent in the cylinder bore (53) _t that in the hollow cylinder (52) whose bore (53) is tangent and running in the longitudinal direction a felt (63) smeared with abrasive is inserted, and that the end face of the hollow cylinder (52) which forms the work surface and the connection of the supply line (67) opposite the end face of the hollow cylinder (52) (59) for the 109818/1182 ■ ■ ■ _y_ ■ 2030.2H Forms the surface (60) of the molded wood part (61) which is to be finely smoothed. 11 »grinding element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a felt strip is provided to absorb the solvent 12 grinding element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that "loose" smeared with abrasive grain to absorb the solvent Felt fibers are provided. 13 Process for fine sanding of lacquered wood moldings, share with a grinding element according to one of the claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the Work surface between the grinding element (51) and the fine-smoothing element Molding (61) is moistened. 14 «The method according to claim 13, characterized in that that the work surface with one in its composition on the paint «with the fine smoothing Molded part is coated, suitable solvent is moistened. 15 · Haschine for the fine smoothing of raw or lacquered wooden moldings with a support for the wood molding and at least one tool carrier for at least one grinding element, the longitudinal direction of the clamped wood molding zn. its processing reciprocally movable is _similar in particular according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gekennzeichnetj Merkgeögtrager (120). to a c ^ in "longitudinal direction-des Holzfo-xs & eiles verlaa- 109818/1182 BAt> 20302U - wr ™ " τλ fenden vertical plane is adjustable in its angular position «such that without changing position dee Molded part opposite to the machine at an angle to each other surfaces of the same are to be fine-smoothed. 16 »Machine according to claim 15 * characterized in that that the tool carrier (120) is adjustable over an angle of 180 °, about an axis which Tertica plane that runs in the longitudinal direction of the wood frame part and intersects the wood format part and is approximately level with the support surface. 17 »Machine according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the tool carrier (120) on a Guide rail (122) is arranged displaceably over an angular range of 4-5 °. 18. Machine according to one of claims 15 to 17 »characterized in that the guide rail (122) comprehensive part of the machine is pivotably arranged such that perpendicular to each other lying surfaces of the molded part »are machinable * 19 · Machine according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that two tool carriers (120) are provided. 20. Machine according to one of the address 15 to 19, there.-Characterized in that each tool carrier (120) carries two squint elements (126). 21. Machine according to one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the two tool carriers (120) can be moved in opposite directions. 109818/1182 BAD QFUGWAi, _om Xl 22 · Machine according to one of claims 15 to 21, characterized characterized in that the tool carriers (120) can be moved in an oscillating manner 23. Machine according to one of claims 15 to 22, characterized characterized in that the pivot axis of a tool carrier (120) is perpendicular to the direction of extension of the molded wood part to be finely smoothed 24 · Machine according to one of Claims 15 to 23, since » characterized in that the support is formed by a circumferential * belt (114). 25 · Machine according to any one of claims 15 to 24, characterized characterized in that the long direction of the fine-smoothing Holsforateiles of the stretching direction of the revolving belt (114). 109018/1182 BADORfQINAL Blank page