DE202021100530U1 - System for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt through continuous treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

System for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt by continuous treatment, characterized in that the system comprises:
an aluminum melting furnace containing a molten aluminum;
a vacuum chamber, the vacuum chamber having a dip tube and an air suction opening, the dip tube being designed to be immersible in the aluminum melt in the aluminum melting furnace, the air suction opening serving to evacuate the vacuum chamber;
a graphite rotor for rotary spraying of argon, the graphite rotor having a rotating rod and a spray head, the rotating rod being set such that it runs through the vacuum chamber of the vacuum chamber and the spray head by means of a sealed bearing which is arranged on an upper side of the vacuum chamber introduces the molten aluminum into a bottom;
an electromagnetic stirring device, the electromagnetic stirring device being provided under the aluminum melting furnace;
an outlet flow channel for the molten aluminum is provided on an upper side wall of the furnace body of the aluminum melting furnace, and an inlet flow channel for the molten aluminum is provided on a lower side wall of the furnace body of the aluminum melting furnace.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The invention relates to an aluminum-based composite material, in particular to a system for the production of an in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material.

STATE OF THE ART

An in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material uses a chemical reaction between various elements or chemicals under certain conditions to produce one or more particles with a ceramic phase in an aluminum matrix for the purpose of improving the properties of a single metal alloy. With composite material produced in situ autogenously, the surface of the enhancer is free from impurities and the compatibility between the matrix and the enhancer is good. By choosing the type of reaction and controlling the reaction parameters, different types of in-situ-enhanced particles can be obtained.

However, the in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material places higher demands on conditions such as degassing and removal of impurities during the manufacturing process, otherwise it is easy to cause an uneven size and distribution and a low mass fraction of the particles with reinforcing phase in the composite material produced, or the material structure will be deteriorated, the casting property will deteriorate, and the mechanical property of the material will be reduced.

In the prior art, the aluminum melt is degassed by rotary spraying of inert gas. The core component of this technique is a hollow rotating rod, i.e. a rotor having a rotating spray head at one end, in use the hollow rotating rod is inserted into the aluminum melt and the inert gas is injected through a central passage of the rotating rod and expelled through the rotating spray head , The bubbles that form are dissolved into a large number of small bubbles by the high speed of the spray head, hydrogen in the molten aluminum will adhere to these small bubbles and precipitate as hydrogen gas, while foreign particles in the molten aluminum will be adsorbed and float on the liquid level around the Purpose to achieve degassing and removal of contaminants.

Nowadays, a rotor for degassing molten aluminum is often made of a graphite material because the graphite material has excellent thermal shock resistance, can be machined, and the aluminum liquid does not wet the graphite, but the weaknesses of the graphite material are less resistant to oxidation at high temperatures, so that an exchange is only required for 14 to 20 days (lifetime).

In addition, it is an object to be solved by a person skilled in the art how the degree of uniform distribution of the particles with reinforcing phase is further improved.

In addition, those skilled in the art also endeavor to develop a system and a method for the continuous processing of in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt.

CONTENT OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, a system for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt by continuous treatment, comprising an aluminum melting furnace containing an aluminum melt; a vacuum chamber provided with a dip tube adapted to be immersed in the aluminum melt in the aluminum melting furnace and with an air exhaust port for evacuating the vacuum chamber; a graphite rotor for rotary spraying of argon, the graphite rotor having a rotating rod and a spray head, the rotating rod being set so that it runs through the vacuum chamber of the vacuum chamber and the spray head by means of a sealed bearing which is arranged on an upper side of the vacuum chamber introduces the molten aluminum into a bottom; an electromagnetic stirring device provided under the aluminum melting furnace; an outlet flow channel for the molten aluminum is provided on an upper side wall of the furnace body of the aluminum melting furnace, and an inlet flow channel for the molten aluminum is provided on a lower side wall of the furnace body of the aluminum melting furnace.

Furthermore, a gate valve plate is provided in each case on the outlet flow channel for the aluminum melt and on the inlet flow channel for the aluminum melt.

In a further development it is provided that the vacuum chamber has a lining made of refractory material.

In a further development, it is provided that the outside diameter of the vacuum chamber is smaller than the inside diameter of the furnace opening of the aluminum melting furnace.

In a further development, it is provided that the ratio of the height to the inner diameter in the vacuum chamber is between 1.5: 1 and 2: 1.

In a further development, it is provided that the immersion tube is produced by enveloping a metallic frame with refractory material.

In a further development, it is provided that the height of the immersion tube is between 1/4 and 1/2 the height of the vacuum chamber.

• (1) Bereitstellen einer Vakuumkammer mit einer Luftabsaugöffnung und einem Tauchrohr, wobei das Tauchrohr dafür vorgesehen ist, in die Aluminiumschmelze im Aluminium-Schmelzofen eintauchbar zu sein; Bereitstellen eines Graphitrotors zum Drehspritzen von Argon, wobei der Graphitrotor eine Drehstange und einen Sprühkopf aufweist, wobei die Drehstange so eingestellt ist, dass sie mittels eines abgedichteten Lagers, das an einer Oberseite der Vakuumkammer angeordnet ist, durch den Vakuumraum der Vakuumkammer hindurch läuft und den Sprühkopf in einen Boden der Aluminiumschmelze einführt; Bereitstellen einer elektromagnetischen Rührvorrichtung, wobei die elektromagnetische Rührvorrichtung unterhalb des Aluminium-Schmelzofens angeordnet ist; ein Auslassströmungskanal für die Aluminiumschmelze ist an einer oberen Seitenwand des Ofenkörpers des Aluminium-Schmelzofens vorgesehen, ein Einlassströmungskanal für die Aluminiumschmelze ist an einer unteren Seitenwand des Ofenkörpers des Aluminium-Schmelzofens vorgesehen; eine Absperrschieberplatte ist jeweils am Auslassströmungskanal für die Aluminiumschmelze und am Einlassströmungskanal für die Aluminiumschmelze vorgesehen.
• (2) Zugeben eines Reaktionssalzes und eines Reaktionshilfsmittels für Reagieren, nach Schmelzen der Matrix aus reinem Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung in dem Aluminium-Schmelzofen;
• (3) Eintauchen des Tauchrohrs der Vakuumkammer in die Aluminiumschmelze, wobei der Vakuumraum über die Luftabsaugöffnung evakuiert wird;
• (4) Absenken des Graphitrotors, so dass die Drehstange durch ein abgedichtetes Lager, das an der Oberseite der Vakuumkammer angeordnet ist, durch den Vakuumraum der Vakuumkammer hindurch läuft und den Sprühkopf in einen Boden der Aluminiumschmelze einführt, um ein Drehspritzen von Argon zu erfolgen;
• (5) Die elektromagnetische Rührvorrichtung wird aktiviert, um die Aluminiumschmelze elektromagnetisch zu rühren;
• (6) Die Absperrschieberplatten am Auslassströmungskanal und am Einlassströmungskanal für die Aluminiumschmelze werden geöffnet, wenn die Aluminiumschmelze bei einem Durchlauf des Ofens vollständig verarbeitet ist, um neue zu behandelnde Aluminiumschmelze vom Einlassströmungskanal einzuströmen, so dass die im Aluminium-Schmelzofen behandelte Aluminiumschmelze aus dem Auslassströmungskanal abfließt, wobei, nachdem eine Aluminiumschmelze mit einer eingestellten Menge in den Aluminium-Schmelzofen eingeströmt ist, die Absperrschieberplatten geschlossen werden, um die oben beschriebenen Schritte (1)-(5) erneut auszuführen.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt by continuous treatment, comprising the following steps:

• (1) providing a vacuum chamber with an air suction opening and a dip tube, the dip tube being designed to be immersible in the aluminum melt in the aluminum melting furnace; Providing a graphite rotor for rotary spraying of argon, the graphite rotor having a rotating rod and a spray head, the rotating rod being set so that it runs through the vacuum chamber of the vacuum chamber by means of a sealed bearing which is arranged on an upper side of the vacuum chamber and the Introduces the spray head into a bottom of the molten aluminum; Providing an electromagnetic stirring device, wherein the electromagnetic stirring device is arranged below the aluminum melting furnace; an outlet flow channel for the molten aluminum is provided on an upper side wall of the furnace body of the aluminum melting furnace; an inlet flow channel for the aluminum melt is provided on a lower side wall of the furnace body of the aluminum melting furnace; a gate valve plate is provided on the outlet flow channel for the aluminum melt and on the inlet flow channel for the aluminum melt, respectively.
• (2) adding a reaction salt and a reaction aid for reacting after melting the matrix of pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy in the aluminum melting furnace;
• (3) immersing the immersion tube of the vacuum chamber in the aluminum melt, the vacuum space being evacuated via the air suction opening;
• (4) lowering the graphite rotor so that the rotating rod passes through a sealed bearing located at the top of the vacuum chamber, through the vacuum space of the vacuum chamber and introduces the spray head into a bottom of the aluminum melt to cause argon rotating spraying;
• (5) The electromagnetic stirring device is activated to electromagnetically stir the molten aluminum;
• (6) The gate valve plates on the outlet flow channel and the inlet flow channel for the aluminum melt are opened when the aluminum melt is completely processed in one pass of the furnace, in order to flow in new aluminum melt to be treated from the inlet flow channel, so that the aluminum melt treated in the aluminum melting furnace flows out of the outlet flow channel wherein, after molten aluminum of a set amount has flowed into the aluminum melting furnace, the gate valve plates are closed to carry out the above-described steps (1) - (5) again.

Preferably, the flow rate of argon in the argon spraying is 7 to 12 L / min, and the stirring speed is 270 to 320 r / min.

The reaction auxiliary preferably comprises Na _{3 AlF 6} , LiF ₃ , LiCl ₃ in a mass ratio of 2.2: 1: 1 to 3.8: 1: 1.

The reaction salt preferably comprises NaBF ₄ and Na ₂ TiF ₆ in a mass ratio of 1.2: 1 to 1.8: 1.

The reaction auxiliary is preferably added in an amount of 8 to 12% by weight of the reaction salt.

A pulsed magnetic field strength of 2-4T is preferably applied during the reaction.

A high-energy ultrasonic field strength of 200-1800 W / m ² is preferably applied during the reaction.

The reaction time is preferably 10 minutes to 30 minutes.

In the present invention, the aluminum melt itself forms a seal through the vacuum chamber and the dip tube, and the vacuum environment is created by suction of air, the vacuum environment being the partial pressure of oxygen and hydrogen is decreased and the degassing condition is improved. At the same time, the rotating rod made of graphite enters the aluminum melting furnace through the vacuum chamber without coming into contact with oxygen during the entire process, which prevents oxidation of the graphite rotor and significantly increases the service life of the graphite rotor.

The present invention achieves enhancement of the autogenous movement of the molten aluminum while the argon spraying is performed by electromagnetic stirring, and contributes to making the distribution of the particles with enhancement phase more uniform while further improving the reaction conditions of degassing and removal of impurities.

In the present invention, the inlet flow channel and the outlet flow channel for the aluminum melt are arranged on the aluminum melting furnace, so that after the processing of the aluminum melt, new aluminum melt can be introduced through the inlet flow channel and the processed aluminum melt can be discharged from the outlet opening in order to realize the continuous processing of the aluminum melt under vacuum conditions without the need for an evacuation with each passage of the furnace, so that process preparation time and energy consumption can be saved significantly.

According to the invention, a suitable amount of metallic magnesium is added to the composite material so that the particles after their formation first reduce the surface energy by absorbing the magnesium in the aluminum solution and then form a better combination with aluminum, thus slowing down the use of magnesium as an agent in reducing the surface energy of particles and preventing agglomeration, the phenomenon of particle deposition is effective. At the same time, the addition of magnesium increases the viscosity of the aluminum solution, and according to the Stocks formula, the viscosity of the composite material increases, the moving speed of the particles decreases without agglomerating through contact with each other for a long time, and it is also light that the particles are trapped during the solidification of crystalline grain of α-Al, whereby a uniformly stable reinforcer is formed.

Generally, a TiB ₂ particle generated in situ is a particle about 1 micrometer in diameter, and a particle of this size does not settle in the aluminum solution. However, since the particles are often generated in a certain local area (at the interface of the molten salt with the aluminum solution), it is easy to cause agglomeration due to a high local concentration. Also, once agglomeration occurs it is very difficult to separate and refine so that segregation occurs during the settling and solidification process. By applying a pulsed magnetic field and a high-energy ultrasonic field, the strength of the pulsed magnetic field is controlled to 2-4T by means of a protective effect by the reaction molten salt itself, and the strength of the high-energy ultrasonic field is controlled to 200-1800W / m ² . On the one hand, the possibility of the molten salt coming into contact with the aluminum solution can be increased, which accelerates the reaction, so that the TiB2 particles generated in situ become uniform and fine; On the other hand, the diffusion of the particles from the reactive area of high concentration to the area of low concentration is promoted, so that the TiB ₂ particles are uniform and dispersed, and hence the deposition phenomenon of the composite material is also alleviated to some extent.

The concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in order to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention.

Figure list

• 1 Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a system for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt through a vacuum chamber in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
• 2 Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a system for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt by electromagnetic stirring according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
• 3 Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a system for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with continuous treatment of the melt according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
• 4th Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a system for in situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with powder syringes in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
• 5 FIG. 13 is a schematic representation of the graphite rotor of FIG 4th ;
• 6th Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a system for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with permanent magnetic stirring according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
• 7th FIG. 13 is a schematic representation of the graphite rotor of FIG 6th .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following, a number of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be introduced with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to make the technical content of the present invention clearer and more understandable. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms of exemplary embodiment, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments mentioned in the text.

First embodiment

As in 1 a matrix of pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy is shown 700 until 760 □ melted, an aluminum smelting furnace 1 holding an aluminum smelter 2 contains, is on a hydraulic lifting table 10 arranged and a reaction salt is added to the reaction together with a reaction auxiliary. The hydraulic lifting table 10 is raised so that the immersion tube 5 the one above the aluminum melting furnace 1 arranged vacuum chamber 3 into the aluminum melt 2 is immersed. The vacuum room 8th the vacuum chamber 3 is via the air suction opening 4th evacuated so that the aluminum melt 2 into the vacuum chamber under atmospheric pressure 3 is introduced.

At the same time, a rotary spray of argon for the aluminum melt will take place: the graphite rotor is lowered, with the rotary rod 6th of the graphite rotor by a sealed bearing 7th that is at the top of the vacuum chamber 3 is arranged through the vacuum chamber 8th is passed through and the spray head 9 into the bottom of the aluminum smelter 2 begins, with argon passing through a central passage of the rotating rod 6th blown in and through the rotating spray head 9 is ejected, the bubbles forming due to the high speed of the spray head 9 will be dissolved into a large number of small bubbles, with the hydrogen in the molten aluminum 2 adhere to these small bubbles and precipitate as hydrogen gas, while foreign particles are adsorbed in the aluminum melt and float on the liquid level, and with most of the bubbles in the vacuum chamber 8th and then through the air exhaust port 4th be discharged. Through the vacuum chamber 3 and the dip tube 5 becomes with the aluminum melt 2 a seal itself is formed, and the vacuum environment is created by suction of air, the vacuum environment reducing the partial pressure of oxygen and hydrogen and improving the degassing condition. At the same time the rotating bar occurs 6th made of graphite through the vacuum chamber 8th through into the aluminum melting furnace 1 without coming into contact with oxygen during the entire process, which prevents oxidation of the graphite rotor and significantly increases the service life of the graphite rotor.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the flow rate of argon during the argon spraying is set to 7 to 12 L / min, and the stirring speed 270 until 320 r / min.

In a preferred exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the reaction salt described above comprises NaBF ₄ and Na ₂ TiF ₆ in a mass ratio of 1.2: 1 to 1.8: 1.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that the reaction auxiliary _{described above comprises Na 3 AlF 6} , LiF ₃ , LiCl ₃ in a mass ratio of 2.2: 1: 1 to 3.8: 1: 1.

In a preferred exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the reaction auxiliary described above is added in an amount of 8 to 12% by weight of the reaction salt.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that a pulsed magnetic field strength of 2-4T is applied during the reaction.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that a strength of the high-energy ultrasonic field of 200-1800 W / m ^{2 is} applied during the reaction.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the reaction time is 10 minutes to 30 minutes.

Second embodiment

As in 2 a matrix of pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy is shown 700 until 760 □ melted, the aluminum melt 2 is in the aluminum melting furnace 1 placed and a reaction salt is added to the reaction together with a reaction auxiliary. Thereby becomes the dip tube 5 the one above the aluminum melting furnace 1 arranged vacuum chamber 3 into the aluminum melt 2 immersed. The vacuum room 8th the vacuum chamber 3 is via the air suction opening 4th evacuated so that the aluminum melt 2 into the vacuum chamber under atmospheric pressure 3 is introduced.

At the same time, a rotary spray of argon for the aluminum melt will take place: the graphite rotor is lowered, with the rotary rod 6th of the graphite rotor by a sealed bearing 7th that is at the top of the vacuum chamber 3 is arranged through the vacuum chamber 8th is passed through and the spray head 9 into the bottom of the aluminum smelter 2 begins, with argon passing through a central passage of the rotating rod 6th blown in and through the rotating spray head 9 is ejected, the bubbles forming due to the high speed of the spray head 9 will be dissolved into a large number of small bubbles, with the hydrogen in the molten aluminum 2 adhere to these small bubbles and precipitate as hydrogen gas, while foreign particles are adsorbed in the aluminum melt and float on the liquid level, and with most of the bubbles in the vacuum chamber 8th and then through the air exhaust port 4th be discharged. Through the vacuum chamber 3 and the dip tube 5 becomes with the aluminum melt 2 a seal itself is formed, and the vacuum environment is created by suction of air, the vacuum environment reducing the partial pressure of oxygen and hydrogen and improving the degassing condition. At the same time the rotating bar occurs 6th made of graphite through the vacuum chamber 8th through into the aluminum melting furnace 1 without coming into contact with oxygen during the entire process, which prevents oxidation of the graphite rotor and significantly increases the service life of the graphite rotor.

An electromagnetic stirring device is arranged below the aluminum melting furnace and comprises an inductor 12th and a frequency converter 11 to cause a stirring movement of the molten aluminum under the action of an electromagnetic force.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the flow rate of argon during the argon spraying is set to 7 to 12 L / min, and the stirring speed 270 until 320 r / min.

In a preferred exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the reaction salt described above comprises NaBF ₄ and Na ₂ TiF ₆ in a mass ratio of 1.2: 1 to 1.8: 1.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that the reaction auxiliary described above comprises Na3AlF6, LiF3, LiCl3 in a mass ratio of 2.2: 1: 1 to 3.8: 1: 1.

In a preferred exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the reaction auxiliary described above is added in an amount of 8 to 12% by weight of the reaction salt.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that a pulsed magnetic field strength of 2-4T is applied during the reaction.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that a strength of the high-energy ultrasonic field of 200-1800 W / m ^{2 is} applied during the reaction.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the reaction time is 10 minutes to 30 minutes.

Third embodiment

As in 3 a matrix of pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy is shown 700 until 760 □ melted, the aluminum melt 2 is in the aluminum melting furnace 1 placed and a reaction salt is added to the reaction together with a reaction auxiliary. This will make the dip tube 5 the one above the aluminum melting furnace 1 arranged vacuum chamber 3 into the aluminum melt 2 immersed. The vacuum room 8th the vacuum chamber 3 is via the air suction opening 4th evacuated so that the aluminum melt 2 into the vacuum chamber under atmospheric pressure 3 is introduced.

At the same time, a rotary spray of argon for the aluminum melt will take place: the graphite rotor is lowered, with the rotary rod 6th of the graphite rotor by a sealed bearing 7th that is at the top of the vacuum chamber 3 is arranged through the vacuum chamber 8th is passed through and the spray head 9 into the bottom of the aluminum smelter 2 begins, with argon passing through a central passage of the rotating rod 6th blown in and through the rotating spray head 9 is ejected, the bubbles forming due to the high speed of the spray head 9 will be dissolved into a large number of small bubbles, with the hydrogen in the molten aluminum 2 adhere to these small bubbles and will precipitate as hydrogen gas, while foreign particles are adsorbed in the aluminum melt and hit the liquid level will float up, and with most of the bubbles in the vacuum chamber 8th and then through the air exhaust port 4th be discharged. Through the vacuum chamber 3 and the dip tube 5 becomes with the aluminum melt 2 a seal itself is formed, and the vacuum environment is created by suction of air, the vacuum environment reducing the partial pressure of oxygen and hydrogen and improving the degassing condition. At the same time the rotating bar occurs 6th made of graphite through the vacuum chamber 8th through into the aluminum melting furnace 1 without coming into contact with oxygen during the entire process, which prevents oxidation of the graphite rotor and significantly increases the service life of the graphite rotor.

An electromagnetic stirring device is arranged below the aluminum melting furnace and comprises an inductor 12th and a frequency converter 11 to cause a stirring movement of the molten aluminum under the action of an electromagnetic force.

An outlet flow channel 13th is on an upper side wall of the aluminum melting furnace 1 provided, with a gate valve plate 131 at the outlet flow channel 13th is provided; on the lower side plate of the aluminum melting furnace 1 is an inlet flow channel 14th provided, on the inlet flow channel 14th a gate valve plate 141 is provided. The gate valve plates 131 , 141 at the outlet flow channel 13th and at the inlet flow channel 14th for the molten aluminum are opened when the molten aluminum is completely processed in one pass through the furnace, in order to receive new molten aluminum to be treated from the inlet flow channel 14th at the bottom of the melting furnace, so that the aluminum melt treated in the aluminum melting furnace out of the outlet flow channel 13th drains off, after which an aluminum melt with a set amount in the aluminum melting furnace 1 has flowed in, the gate valve plates 131 and 141 can be closed to perform the above-described operation again, which allows continuous treatment of the aluminum melt under vacuum conditions without the need for evacuation with each passage of the furnace, so that process preparation time and energy consumption are significantly saved.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the flow rate of argon during the argon spraying is set to 7 to 12 L / min, and the stirring speed 270 until 320 r / min.

In a preferred exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the reaction salt described above comprises NaBF ₄ and Na ₂ TiF ₆ in a mass ratio of 1.2: 1 to 1.8: 1.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that the reaction auxiliary _{described above comprises Na 3 AlF 6} , LiF ₃ , LiCl ₃ in a mass ratio of 2.2: 1: 1 to 3.8: 1: 1.

In a preferred exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the reaction auxiliary described above is added in an amount of 8 to 12% by weight of the reaction salt.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that a pulsed magnetic field strength of 2-4T is applied during the reaction.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that a strength of the high-energy ultrasonic field of 200-1800 W / m ^{2 is} applied during the reaction.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the reaction time is 10 minutes to 30 minutes.

Fourth embodiment

As in 4th a matrix of pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy is shown 700 until 760 □ melted, an aluminum smelting furnace 1 holding an aluminum smelter 2 contains, is on a hydraulic lifting table 10 arranged and a reaction salt is added to the reaction together with a reaction auxiliary. The hydraulic lifting table 10 is raised so that the immersion tube 5 the one above the aluminum melting furnace 1 arranged vacuum chamber 3 into the aluminum melt 2 is immersed. The vacuum room 8th the vacuum chamber 3 is via the air suction opening 4th evacuated so that the aluminum melt 2 into the vacuum chamber under atmospheric pressure 3 is introduced.

At the same time, a rotary spray of argon for the aluminum melt will take place: the graphite rotor is lowered, with the rotary rod 6th of the graphite rotor by a sealed bearing 7th that is at the top of the vacuum chamber 3 is arranged through the vacuum chamber 8th is passed through and the spray head 9 into the bottom of the aluminum smelter 2 begins, with argon passing through a central passage of the rotating rod 6th blown in and through the rotating spray head 9 is ejected, the bubbles forming due to the high speed of the spray head 9 will be dissolved into a large number of small bubbles, with the hydrogen in the molten aluminum 2 adhere to these small bubbles and precipitate as hydrogen gas, while foreign particles are adsorbed in the aluminum melt and float on the liquid level, and with most of the bubbles in the vacuum chamber 8th and then through the air exhaust port 4th be discharged. Through the vacuum chamber 3 and the dip tube 5 becomes with the aluminum melt 2 a seal itself is formed, and the vacuum environment is created by suction of air, the vacuum environment reducing the partial pressure of oxygen and hydrogen and improving the degassing condition. At the same time the rotating bar occurs 6th made of graphite through the vacuum chamber 8th through into the aluminum melting furnace 1 without coming into contact with oxygen during the entire process, which prevents oxidation of the graphite rotor and significantly increases the service life of the graphite rotor.

As in 5 shown includes the pivot rod 6th an inner tube made of graphite 65 and an outer tube 63 , with 65 in the inner tube and 65 in the outer tube 63 a line 64 for argon spraying is. The outer tube 63 is via a swivel connection 62 with the argon spray tube 631 connected, the inner tube 65 with a powder feed hopper 61 is connected, the powder feed container 61 with a powder feed tube 611 is connected, with a powder feed line 66 in the inner tube 65 is located.

Argon spraying takes place through the argon spraying tube 631 through the outer tube 63 ; the alloy powder 9 in the powder feed container 61 is through the powder feed tube 611 through the inner tube 65 into the aluminum melt 2 sprayed.

The inner tube 63 is preferably made of a metallic material such as copper or steel, the outer tube 63 is made of a graphite material. This serves to increase the wear resistance of the inner tube 63 to counter high pressure gas and powder purging.

Preferably use the powder feed tube 611 and the argon spray tube 631 share the same argon gas source.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the flow rate of argon during the argon spraying is set to 7 to 12 L / min, and the stirring speed 270 until 320 r / min.

In a preferred exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the reaction salt described above comprises NaBF ₄ and Na ₂ TiF ₆ in a mass ratio of 1.2: 1 to 1.8: 1.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that the reaction auxiliary _{described above comprises Na 3 AlF 6} , LiF ₃ , LiCl ₃ in a mass ratio of 2.2: 1: 1 to 3.8: 1: 1.

In a preferred exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the reaction auxiliary described above is added in an amount of 8 to 12% by weight of the reaction salt.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that a pulsed magnetic field strength of 2-4T is applied during the reaction.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that a strength of the high-energy ultrasonic field of 200-1800 W / m ^{2 is} applied during the reaction.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the reaction time is 10 minutes to 30 minutes.

Fifth embodiment

As in 6th a matrix of pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy is shown 700 until 760 □ melted, the aluminum melt 2 is in the aluminum melting furnace 1 placed and a reaction salt is added to the reaction together with a reaction auxiliary. This will make the dip tube 5 the one above the aluminum melting furnace 1 arranged vacuum chamber 3 into the aluminum melt 2 immersed. The vacuum room 8th the vacuum chamber 3 is via the air suction opening 4th evacuated so that the aluminum melt 2 into the vacuum chamber under atmospheric pressure 3 is introduced.

At the same time, a rotary spray of argon for the aluminum melt will take place: the graphite rotor is lowered, with the rotary rod 6th of the graphite rotor by a sealed bearing 7th that is at the top of the vacuum chamber 3 is arranged through the vacuum chamber 8th is passed through and the spray head 9 into the bottom of the aluminum smelter 2 begins, with argon passing through a central passage of the rotating rod 6th blown in and through the rotating spray head 9 is expelled, the bubbles forming through the high speed of the spray head 9 will be dissolved into a large number of small bubbles, with the hydrogen in the molten aluminum 2 adhere to these small bubbles and precipitate as hydrogen gas, while foreign particles are adsorbed in the aluminum melt and float on the liquid level, and with most of the bubbles in the vacuum chamber 8th and then through the air exhaust port 4th be discharged. Through the vacuum chamber 3 and the dip tube 5 becomes with the aluminum melt 2 a seal itself is formed, and the vacuum environment is created by suction of air, the vacuum environment reducing the partial pressure of oxygen and hydrogen and improving the degassing condition. At the same time the rotating bar occurs 6th made of graphite through the vacuum chamber 8th through into the aluminum melting furnace 1 without coming into contact with oxygen during the entire process, which prevents oxidation of the graphite rotor and significantly increases the service life of the graphite rotor.

As in 7th shown includes the pivot rod 6th an inner tube made of graphite 65 and an outer tube 63 , with 65 in the inner tube and 65 in the outer tube 63 a line 64 for argon spraying is. The outer tube 63 is via a swivel connection 62 with the argon spray tube 631 connected, the inner tube 65 with a powder feed hopper 61 is connected, the powder feed container 61 with a powder feed tube 611 is connected, with a powder feed line 66 in the inner tube 65 is located.

Argon spraying takes place through the argon spraying tube 631 through the outer tube 63 ; the alloy powder 9 in the powder feed container 61 is through the powder feed tube 611 through the inner tube 65 into the aluminum melt 2 sprayed.

The inner tube 63 is preferably made of a metallic material such as copper or steel, the outer tube 63 is made of a graphite material. This serves to increase the wear resistance of the inner tube 63 to counter high pressure gas and powder purging.

Preferably use the powder feed tube 611 and the argon spray tube 631 share the same argon gas source.

As in 6th shown is the rail 17th the permanent magnetic stirrer under the aluminum melting furnace 1 arranged with one on the rail 17th movable carrier 16 on the rail 17th is located, with the electric motor on the carrier 18th , the conveyor belt 19th and the permanent magnet device 15 are arranged, the carrier during operation of the permanent magnetic stirring device 16 under the aluminum melting furnace 1 is moved, the electric motor 18th drives the permanent magnet device 15 to rotate via the conveyor belt, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet device 15 and the aluminum melt 2 Together they create a magnetic force that melts the aluminum 2 drives into a stirring movement.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the flow rate of argon during the argon spraying is set to 7 to 12 L / min, and the stirring speed 270 until 320 r / min.

In a preferred exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the reaction salt described above comprises NaBF ₄ and Na ₂ TiF ₆ in a mass ratio of 1.2: 1 to 1.8: 1.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that the reaction auxiliary _{described above comprises Na 3 AlF 6} , LiF ₃ , LiCl ₃ in a mass ratio of 2.2: 1: 1 to 3.8: 1: 1.

In a preferred exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, it is provided that the reaction auxiliary described above is added in an amount of 8 to 12% by weight of the reaction salt.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that a pulsed magnetic field strength of 2-4T is applied during the reaction.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention it is provided that a strength of the high-energy ultrasonic field of 200-1800 W / m ^{2 is} applied during the reaction.

In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the reaction time is 10 minutes to 30 minutes.

In other exemplary embodiments, the aluminum melting furnace can also be provided on a lifting table, a rotating platform being rotatably arranged on the lifting table, the rotating platform being rotatable relative to the lifting table by the drive of the electric motor and the aluminum melting furnace on the rotating platform is fixed, while argon is sprayed for the aluminum solution in the aluminum melting furnace, the aluminum melting furnace is rotated with the rotating platform, while at the same time the aluminum solution located in it, in particular the aluminum solution located on the side of the furnace wall of the aluminum melting furnace, for Movement is entrained, so that the disadvantage that this part of the aluminum solution is weakly affected by the rotary spray of argon is eliminated.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that those of ordinary skill in the art can make many modifications and variations in accordance with the concepts of the present invention without any creative effort. Therefore, those skilled in the art, based on the idea of the present invention in the prior art, can obtain the technical solutions through logical analysis, inference or limited experimentation, the solutions obtained all falling within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (7)

A system for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt by continuous treatment, characterized in that the system comprises: an aluminum melting furnace containing an aluminum melt; a vacuum chamber, the vacuum chamber having a dip tube and an air suction opening, the dip tube being designed to be immersible in the aluminum melt in the aluminum melting furnace, the air suction opening serving to evacuate the vacuum chamber; a graphite rotor for rotary spraying of argon, the graphite rotor having a rotating rod and a spray head, the rotating rod being set such that it runs through the vacuum chamber of the vacuum chamber and the spray head by means of a sealed bearing which is arranged on an upper side of the vacuum chamber introduces the molten aluminum into a bottom; an electromagnetic stirring device, the electromagnetic stirring device being provided under the aluminum melting furnace; an outlet flow channel for the molten aluminum is provided on an upper side wall of the furnace body of the aluminum melting furnace, and an inlet flow channel for the molten aluminum is provided on a lower side wall of the furnace body of the aluminum melting furnace. System for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt through continuous treatment Claim 1 , wherein a gate valve plate is provided in each case on the outlet flow channel for the aluminum melt and on the inlet flow channel for the aluminum melt. System for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt through continuous treatment Claim 2 wherein the vacuum chamber is lined with a refractory material. System for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt through continuous treatment Claim 3 , wherein the outer diameter of the vacuum chamber is smaller than the inner diameter of a furnace opening of the aluminum melting furnace. System for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt through continuous treatment Claim 4 , the ratio of the height to the inner diameter in the vacuum chamber being between 1.5: 1 and 2: 1. System for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt through continuous treatment Claim 5 , wherein the dip tube is made by wrapping a metallic frame with refractory material. System for in-situ autogenous aluminum-based composite material with control of the melt through continuous treatment Claim 6 , the height of the dip tube being between 1/4 and 1/2 the height of the vacuum chamber.

Images