DE202019102015U1 - House roof with water drainage - Google Patents

Abstract

A house roof, comprising a substructure (5), a vapor barrier (7), a roof skin (9) and between the roof skin (9) and the vapor barrier (7) arranged insulation board (1), wherein at a bottom (2) of the insulation board ( 1) at least partially a channel-shaped structure is arranged, characterized in that the channel-shaped structure is formed such that in the insulating board (1) entering moisture in the channel-shaped structure is derived at one or more predetermined points of the house roof.

Description

The invention relates to a house roof, comprising a substructure, a vapor barrier, a roof skin and arranged between the roof skin and the vapor barrier insulation board, wherein at least a portion of a channel-shaped structure is disposed on a lower side of the insulation board.

Roofs are among the most heavily loaded components in building construction. Moisture damage is particularly problematic since moisture in insulation materials, in particular in mineral wool insulating materials, reduces the insulating properties and the load capacity of the roofs, as a result of which the functionality of the roofs can be considerably impaired. In addition, there is the problem of mold growth in moisture damage and it is a damage to the roof waterproofing or its components and the roof construction due to a too soft insulation and / or a long lasting to high moisture content expected and a significant reduction in heat protection alone by loss of thickness of the wet insulation material. Such moisture damage occurs, for example, due to a porous or otherwise aged roof seal, due to faulty installation of the insulation or the roof or due to precipitation during the construction phase.

In case of incoming or penetrated moisture renovation of the roof is usually necessary because a drying of the moistened insulation layer is often not possible or takes too long and is associated with consequential damage to the substructure or mold. For the renovation of such damage from the outside, the existing sealing and the drenched insulation are currently being removed for roofs. These layers must then be reapplied.

From the EP 2 186 958 It is known to provide insulation elements with ventilation means to dissipate moisture below the insulation. However, the drying potential of this solution is too low to rehabilitate greater moisture damage.

The DE 360 03 74 shows an apparatus for the early detection and localization of water damage, wherein a tube is placed in an insulating layer of a roof, which has sensors that can measure the moisture in the transition region between the ceiling and insulation. One way to renovate a roof or to avoid consequential damage is not shown.

The DE 360 56 33 shows a possibility for dehumidification and for the early detection of water damage to a flat roof, wherein a downpipe is passed below the insulation through the concrete ceiling. This device allows a drainage only at individual points and thus offers no general prevention against water damage.

The object of the invention is to provide an alternative to the known in the prior art disadvantageous devices and to provide a house roof, in which the negative effects of moisture damage can be avoided.

This object is achieved by a house roof with the features of claim 1.

The house roof has a known per se in the prior art substructure, which may for example consist of concrete, metal and / or wood and on which is also known per se in the prior art vapor barrier is arranged. Such a vapor barrier, which is also known as a vapor barrier or as a diffusion-inhibiting layer, consists for example of bitumen membranes according to ÖNORM B 3666: 2009, in particular polymer bitumen membranes according to ÖNORM B 3660: 2009. Also possible are vapor barriers made of plastic in accordance with ÖNORM B 3667: 2009, plastic sheets in accordance with ÖNORM B 3663: 2009 made of elastomers or thermoplastic plastic sealing sheets or a seal which is applied in the form of liquid plastic. On the outside of the insulation board is also known per se known in the art roof skin. For the roof membrane basically the same materials in question as for the vapor barrier. In a specific embodiment, on the outside of the roof skin, a protective layer and / or a load or surface protection, for. B. in the form of a gravel, be arranged.

By at least partially a channel-shaped structure is arranged on the underside of the insulation board, so on that side which is mounted on the outside of the roof, arises during installation of the insulation board on the roof, on the one hand, a cavity below the underside of the insulation board. This cavity can also serve for ventilation. The at least partially forming a channel-shaped structure means that the channel-shaped structure does not necessarily have to extend over the entire underside of the insulation board. However, it can be provided that the channel-shaped structure is arranged on the entire underside of the insulation board.

In the case of moisture damage moisture enters the insulation board, which ultimately emerges in the form of water at the bottom of the insulation board and thus in the channel-shaped structure. The channel-shaped structure is now designed so that the Moisture in the channel-shaped structure is derived as freely as possible to one or more predetermined points of the house roof. As a result, the moisture does not remain at the generally unpredictable location of moisture ingress, but accumulates at one or more predeterminable points of the roof. The ingress of moisture can thus be located and a defective area can be restricted, wherein the insulating panel can be formed in the region of these points so that a simple renovation is possible. For example, it can be provided that the insulation board in the region of the predetermined points of the roof is interchangeable. Additionally or alternatively, the substructure or the vapor barrier may be provided in this area with additional sealing means to avoid consequential damage. It can also be provided that the moisture collecting at the predetermined points is removed manually or automatically, so that neither consequential damage nor areas of the insulation need to be remediated.

The channel-shaped structure may be formed by protrusions disposed on the underside of the insulating panel, the protrusions forming the wall of channels arranged to direct incoming moisture through the channels to one or more pre-determined points. It is useful if the one or more predetermined points of the roof correspond to low points of the roof, whereby the discharge of the water is simplified from a higher place.

Depending on the nature of the projections, the resulting between the bottom of the insulating panel and the vapor barrier cavity can occupy a total of a small proportion of the total area of the underside of the insulation board. This results in a large area with which the insulation board rests on the vapor barrier, so that the insulating effect of the insulation board is reduced only slightly compared to a full-surface resting insulation board.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

The channel-shaped structure may be formed as arranged in the insulation board grooves. As a result, a particularly simple production of a channel-shaped structure is possible. For example, the grooves may be formed as a profiling of the underside of the insulation board. This profiling can be milled into the insulation board or be generated in the course of the production of the insulation board.

The grooves may be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the insulation board or perpendicular thereto. It can also be provided that the grooves are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the insulating board and perpendicular thereto, preferably in a regular pattern, the grooves being in communication with each other. In the case of a regular grid of grooves thus results in a regular grid of interconnected channels, which are for a large area of the roof drainage channels for incoming moisture available.

Instead of arranged in the bottom of the insulation board grooves, the underside of the insulation board may be flat, wherein on the flat bottom a system plate is arranged and wherein the channel-shaped structure is formed as arranged on that side of the system plate grooves, which faces the insulation board. The underside of the system plate is placed in this case on the vapor barrier, the grooves are formed by projections on the top of the system plate. Since the underside is flat, the system plate can be laid easier than a provided with projections underside of the insulation board. The system plate may consist of an insulating material, which consists for example of the same material as the insulation board. It would also be possible to choose a less insulating but more sealing material for the system plate, for example made of plastic.

Preferably, an insulation board made of foam is provided, wherein a moisture-insensitive raw material, for example polystyrene, is preferred. Well suited is molded or automatic foamed polystyrene or extruded polystyrene.

In one embodiment of the invention, the insulation board has a thickness of between 5 mm and 400 mm, preferably between 75 mm and 200 mm. This thickness is measured between the bottom of the projections and the top of the insulation board.

The depth of the channel-shaped structure may, for example, be between 5 mm and 50 mm, preferably between 10 mm and 20 mm. The grooves may have a width between 5 mm and 50 mm, preferably between 15 mm and 25 mm.

On the outside of the insulation board, a release layer may be provided, which may be a protective mat or a nonwoven, wherein the nonwoven example of plastic, for example, polyamide or polypropylene. One possible example of a protective mat is known in the market under the brand Enkadrain ^®.

A roof covering known per se in the prior art may be arranged on the roof skin, for example in the form of a metal layer, made of sheet metal or aluminum, or in the form of clay shingles.

In general, roof areas are too large to be covered by a trained as a single component insulation board, even if this would have advantages in terms of insulation effect. The insulation board according to the invention can therefore also consist of individual insulating elements, which are assembled during assembly on the roof. It can be provided that the arranged on the underside of the insulating elements channel-shaped structure is designed differently in order to allow a discharge of water to or predetermined points. In this case, the individual insulation elements must be identified and assembled according to a mounting plan. If the flow direction of the water in the channel-shaped structure results on the basis of the geometry of the roof by itself, it can also be provided that the insulating elements are formed the same, wherein the channel-shaped structure is preferably formed in the form of a regular pattern. Mixed forms are also possible, wherein individual insulating elements have the same channel-shaped structure, preferably in the form of a regular pattern, on their underside, while other insulating elements have a differently shaped channel-shaped structure.

As practical insulation elements have been found with a length and width of less than 2 m. During assembly, the individual insulation elements are then assembled to the insulation board. For this purpose, the individual insulating elements can have a stepped rebate arranged on their circumference, which ensures an exact fit without loss of insulating effect. The channel-shaped structure of the respective insulating elements merges into each other during assembly, so that a total of a channel-shaped structure is formed.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, devices for sucking or draining water are provided at or at the predetermined points. This can be excellent from the roof skin tubes to which a vacuum cleaner can be connected, which can suck the accumulated water. Alternatively, pipes are conceivable that open into drain pipes or that extend through the substructure down into the building. There, the water can be drained or sucked off by means of a nipple. The pipes can be insulated, removing the insulation before draining or sucking off the water. Then the insulation is reinserted into the pipes.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, known moisture sensors are provided at or at the predetermined points per se in the prior art, of which a water inlet and thus a moisture damage is reported. This can react even before any damage occurs in the roof structure or in the substructure. It may be provided to arrange the humidity sensors in the devices for suction or discharge.

• 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine Unterseite eines Dämmelements einer erfindungsgemäßen Dämmplatte
• 2 eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Daches mit einem Feuchtesensor,
• 3 eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Daches mit einer Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von Wasser,
• 4 eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von Wasser, und
• 5 eine schematische Darstellung der Ableitrichtung von eingetretenem Wasser.

Further details and advantages of the present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the description of the figures with reference to the drawings. It shows:

• 1 a plan view of a bottom of a Dämmelements an insulation board according to the invention
• 2 a schematic cross-sectional view of a roof according to the invention with a humidity sensor,
• 3 a schematic cross-sectional view of a roof according to the invention with a device for removing water,
• 4 a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a device for removing water, and
• 5 a schematic representation of the direction of discharge of entered water.

The 1 shows a plan view of the bottom 2 an insulating element 6 an insulation board according to the invention 1 in a rectangular shape, in this embodiment, the extension in the longitudinal direction is 125 cm, while the extent is perpendicular to 60 cm. The channel-shaped structure is by protrusions 3 formed in this embodiment as approximately square elevations on the bottom 2 of the insulating element 6 are formed, which are arranged in a regular pattern and thereby a likewise regular pattern of grooves 4 form. The width of the grooves 4 is in this embodiment 1.5 cm, the width and length of the projections 3 is about 50 mm. The thickness of the insulating element 6 , measured from the bottom of the projections 3 to the plan trained top, in this embodiment is 120 mm. At the peripheral edge is a stepped rebate 24 for connection with other insulation elements 6 intended.

As a possible material for the insulation board according to the invention, for example, a polystyrene rigid foam can be used, which is provided with infrared reflectors and is molded or machine foamed. This material provides an excellent thermal insulation value. Due to the foam molding results in high dimensional accuracy. The insulation board 1 but also the individual elements 6 the insulation board 1 can have an all-round shiplap 24 so that the individual insulating elements 6 with the highest degree of welding to an insulating board 1 are composable.

2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a roof according to the invention 21 with a substructure 5 , which consists of concrete in this embodiment. On it is a vapor barrier 7 arranged, which may include a protective layer. On the vapor barrier 7 becomes the bottom 2 the insulation board 1 arranged. In the embodiment shown, the underside 2 the insulation board 1 as in 1 educated. The projections 3 are approximately square and arranged in a regular pattern, so that a channel-shaped structure in the form of regularly arranged grooves 4 , both in the longitudinal direction L and perpendicular thereto, is formed. The channel-shaped structure forms a cavity between the vapor barrier 7 and the bottom 2 the insulation board 1 in which water can be diverted to the one or more predetermined points.

Above the insulation board 1 is a separation layer 8th arranged. In other embodiments, this separation layer can also be dispensed with. Finally, a roof skin 9 intended. Both the vapor barrier 7 as well as the separation layer 8th and the roof skin 9 are known per se in the art.

In one on the vapor barrier 7 raised pipe 10 is a humidity sensor 11 as well as an insulating cylinder 12 arranged, in this embodiment of the same material as the insulation board 1 consists. An example of a possible humidity sensor 11 is a humidity sensor from Villas ^® . The pipe 10 has openings 13 on, which open into the channel-shaped structure. The pipe 10 is at a predetermined point of the roof 21 is arranged, to which in the case of moisture damage water is discharged. This is done by the humidity sensor 11 for example, reported via a radio signal, whereupon the humidity sensor 11 and the insulating cylinder 12 can be removed and the water with a sucker over the pipe 10 and the openings 13 can be sucked off. Subsequently, the moisture sensor can 11 and the insulating cylinder 12 back in the pipe 10 to be ordered. Especially in the case of several previously determined points and arranged there pipes 10 with humidity sensors 11 the damaged area can be quickly located and rehabilitated.

3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a roof according to the invention 21 with a substructure 5 , which may consist of concrete in this embodiment. The device 19 is like in terms of the 2 described carried out and also serves to suck off of entered water. In the embodiment according to 3 is near the device 19 a roof drain (drainage gully) 18 arranged, which serves for the discharge of water, which has accumulated on the roof skin itself, for example in the event of heavy rain. For this purpose, the roof outlet 18 via an internal water drainage 22 connected to the channel system. The roof drain 18 is with fixatives 14 with the substructure 5 firmly connected. The canal-shaped structure flows into the area of the roof drain 18 into a collection area 16 that is close to the vapor barrier 7 is welded and can accumulate in the incoming water without causing damage. The water ingress is through the humidity sensor 11 reported. As in the case of 2 described, is used to remove the incoming water in the device 19 the insulating cylinder 12 removed and connected a sucker. Because the channel-shaped structure with the openings 13 in the pipe 10 connected, the water that is in the collection area can enter 16 collected over the channel-shaped structure and the openings 13 be sucked off.

The roof drain 18 is by a Aufstockelement 26 opposite the insulation board 1 tightly closed, with the Aufstockelement 26 at the top with the roof skin 9 is tightly welded. A foliage catcher 15 prevents the entry of leaves or similar objects that the roof drain 18 could clog. Over the spout 17 is the roof drain 18 with the internal drainage 22 connected, which opens into the drainage channel.

In the lower area is the gully 18 cuff-shaped and directly with the vapor barrier 7 welded.

In the present case, the roof outlet 18 arranged at one of the predetermined points of the house roof, is derived to the entered water. Nearby is the device 19 arranged so that a connected vacuum cleaner in the collecting area 16 dammed up water. For large house roofs are several roof outlets 18 provided, for example, can be spaced about 20 to 30 meters apart. The predetermined point or points of the roof may be troughs.

4 shows a further embodiment of a roof outlet 18 , with the dammed water can be drained directly The roof outlet 18 essentially differs from the roof drain according to 3 by making slots at the bottom 23 are provided with the internal drainage 22 are connected. About openings 25 in the extension element 26 are arranged, water enters from the grooves 4 in the roof drain 18 a (schematic represented by dash-dotted arrows), which in its lower area via slots 23 has, over which the water into the internal drainage 22 can enter, which flows into the channel system. A backflow flap 24 prevents water from the bottom in the roof 21 can occur, for example, when the internal drainage 22 clogged or iced up.

The 5 shows a schematic plan view of a roof according to the invention 21 , which in this case is a flat roof. The substructure 5 is designed so that four areas 20 are provided, each having a low point in their midst. At this low point there is a roof outlet 18 arranged. Nearby is a device 19 which is a moisture sensor 11 that is in the collection area 16 the roof outlet 18 can detect accumulated moisture. In this case, via a sucker in the respective collection area 16 accumulated water over the device 19 be sucked off. Due to the construction of the under insulation, each roof section has 20 four surfaces facing towards the middle of the section 20 are inclined. The center corresponds to one of the predetermined points to which incoming moisture is derived. The insulation board 1 thus forms on the four sides of the roof sections 20 a gradient inclined to the middle, which is indicated by the four arrows in each section 20 is marked.

Every roof section 20 may for example have a length between 12 m and 40 m and also a width between 12 m and 40 m. The predetermined points thus also have a distance between 12 m and 40 m. The entire roof 21 can have a length and a width between 24 m and 80 m.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 2186958 [0004]
• DE 3600374 [0005]
• DE 3605633 [0006]

Claims (15)

A house roof, comprising a substructure (5), a vapor barrier (7), a roof skin (9) and between the roof skin (9) and the vapor barrier (7) arranged insulation board (1), wherein at a bottom (2) of the insulation board ( 1) at least partially a channel-shaped structure is arranged, characterized in that the channel-shaped structure is formed such that in the insulating board (1) entering moisture in the channel-shaped structure is derived at one or more predetermined points of the house roof. Roof of the house Claim 1 , characterized in that the channel-shaped structure as in the insulation board (1) arranged grooves (4) is formed. Roof of the house Claim 1 , characterized in that on the underside (2) of the insulating board (1) arranged system plate is provided, wherein the channel-shaped structure is formed as arranged on that side of the system plate grooves facing the underside (2) of the insulating board (1) , Rooftop to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the grooves (4) at least partially in the longitudinal direction (L) of the insulation board (1) or perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L) are arranged. Rooftop to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the grooves (4) at least partially in the longitudinal direction (L) of the insulating board (1) and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (L), preferably in a regular pattern, are arranged. Rooftop to one of the Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that at the or at the predetermined points a device (19) or several devices (19) are provided for sucking or discharging water. Roof of the house Claim 6 , characterized in that the devices (19) as tubes (10) are formed, to which a sucker can be connected. Rooftop to one of the Claims 1 to 7 , characterized in that moisture sensors (11) are provided at or at the predetermined points. Rooftop to one of the Claims 1 to 8th , characterized in that the insulating plate (1) is composed of a plurality of individual insulating elements (6), wherein on the underside (2) of the insulating elements (6), the channel-shaped structure is arranged. Rooftop to one of the Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that between the insulating board (1) and the roof skin (9) a separating layer (8) is arranged. Rooftop to one of the Claims 1 to 10 , characterized in that on the roof skin (9) a roof cover is arranged. Rooftop to one of the Claims 1 to 11 , characterized in that the insulating plate (1) made of foam, preferably polystyrene. Rooftop to one of the Claims 1 to 12 , characterized in that the insulation board (1) has a thickness between 5 mm and 400 mm, preferably between 75 mm and 200 mm. Rooftop to one of the Claims 1 to 13 , characterized in that the channel-shaped structure has a depth between 5 mm and 50 mm, preferably between 10 mm and 20 mm. Rooftop to one of the Claims 2 to 14 , characterized in that the grooves (4) have a width between 5 mm and 50 mm, preferably between 15 mm and 25 mm.

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