DE202018102625U1 - heat exchangers - Google Patents

Abstract

Heat exchanger for transmitting heat energy from at least one of the heat exchanger (2) associated solar collector (4) on a transport fluid, wherein the heat exchanger (2) has at least two passage openings (6), of which at least one passage opening (6) as a transport fluid in the Heat exchanger (2) inlet inlet opening (6 ') and at least one passage opening (6) as the transport fluid from the heat exchanger (2) exhaust outlet (6 ") is configured, characterized in that the heat exchanger (2) for connecting the solar collector ( 4) at least one receiving recess (12) with a receiving means longitudinal axis (14) and a first of the receiving recess (12) facing away from passage opening (6) having a first Durchlaßmittellängsachse (16), wherein the receiving means longitudinal axis (14) and the first Durchlassmittellängsachse (16) are arranged substantially parallel or coaxial.

Description

The invention relates to a heat exchanger for the transmission of heat energy. The heat energy is transferred from at least one, the heat exchanger associated solar collector to a transport fluid. The heat exchanger in this case has at least two passage openings, of which at least one passage opening is an inlet opening, which admits the transport fluid into the heat exchanger. In addition, at least one passage opening is designed as an outlet opening, which discharges the transport fluid from the heat exchanger.

Such heat exchangers are used, for example, on building exterior surfaces in order to dissipate heat energy collected by solar collectors on the basis of the transport fluid and to make it usable or to supply it to a heat accumulator. The heat exchanger is part of a transport fluid circuit, is transported by the heat continuously.

In practice, for. B. a plurality of parallel mounted on a building exterior surface vacuum tube solar collectors connected to a heat exchanger through which the transport fluid flows transversely to the main extension direction of the vacuum tube solar collectors. The transport fluid passes in the heat exchanger in operation successively through the solar panels heated areas and flows after leaving the heat exchanger to a heat consumer. The heated areas border, for example, on capacitor ends of the solar collectors. The solar collectors themselves have a separate fluid circuit, which is delimited by the closed end of the capacitor from the transport fluid circuit.

The heat exchangers according to the prior art require a spacious space, when connected to a vacuum tube solar collector in particular in a direction perpendicular to the main extension direction of the solar collectors direction. Therefore, the scope of solar collectors is largely limited to flat surfaces to which they are applied.

Object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger, which extends the use and mounting options of solar collectors.

The object is achieved by a heat exchanger of the type mentioned, which has at least one receiving recess with a receiving longitudinal axis for connection of the solar collector. The heat exchanger comprises a first passage opening facing away from the receiving recess and having a first passage center longitudinal axis. The receiving means longitudinal axis and the first passage center longitudinal axis are arranged substantially parallel or coaxially.

With the receiving recess of the heat exchanger forms a receiving space only open on one side, in which the solar collector is inserted in operation with one end. Preferably, this is a vacuum tube solar collector, such. B. a Sidney tube, which is arranged with its closed capacitor end at least partially in the receiving recess. In the condenser, the heated working fluid of the solar collector condenses, thereby releasing heat to its environment. In the area of the receiving recess, the solar collector and heat exchanger form a pipe-in-pipe system. The receiving recess is preferably cylindrical, with its axis of symmetry coincides with the receiving means longitudinal axis. This form of receiving recess allows the positive insertion of available on the market vacuum tube solar collectors. Thus, during operation, the receiving means longitudinal axis also coincides with the central longitudinal axis of the solar collector. The transfer of heat from the region of the receiving recess of the heat exchanger to the transport fluid by means of Konduktion. The efficiency is particularly high due to the only one-sided opening of the contact area.

The heat exchanger is preferably predominantly, that is, more than 50%, of copper or a copper alloy due to a desired high heat transfer coefficient. The transport fluid is preferably at least 90% of a water-glycol mixture or only water or glycol.

The passage openings each lie in a plane to which the corresponding passage center longitudinal axis is arranged at right angles. The first Durchlaßmittellängsachse is tilted relative to the receiving means longitudinal axis by at most 10 °. The passage openings preferably have a circular cross section.

By the arrangement of the first passage opening, the transport fluid flows through this opening in a direction which is parallel or coaxial to the main extension direction of the solar collector. By means of this design of the heat exchanger, a substantially elongated extension is made possible, which corresponds to that of the solar collector. This form of heat exchanger allows both the vacuum tube solar collector and the heat exchanger, for example, in a rafter or a rafter-shaped hollow profile, which is used as a support element, for example in winter gardens comes to integrate. Compared with conventional heat exchangers, the visual appearance of the façade is significantly upgraded by the rafter-integrated heat exchanger according to the invention and prevents about a shadow cast by arranged on the facade components.

In a likewise advantageous embodiment of the invention, angle elements are arranged at the passage openings, which divert the heated working fluid in each case by 80 ° to 100 ° relative to the receiving means longitudinal axis. With this configuration, it is possible in a space extending transversely to the receiving longitudinal axis rafters the heat exchanger to save the working fluid to save space and from him, since by the angle elements lower Umleitradien can be realized as with elastic lines.

Preferably, a second passage center longitudinal axis of a second passage opening of the heat exchanger is arranged substantially parallel to the first passage center longitudinal axis. The second passage opening is also remote from the receiving recess. The second passage center longitudinal axis is thereby tilted by a maximum of 10 ° relative to the first passage center longitudinal axis.

Characterized in that both passage openings are turned away in the same way from the receiving recess, the heat exchanger has a particularly slim design together with the elements necessarily connected during operation, whereby the cross-sectional requirement is reduced with respect to a surrounding the heat exchanger hollow profile and it is particularly easy to integrate.

Preferably, the receiving diameter of the receiving recess is smaller than the depth of the receiving recess in the direction of the receiving means longitudinal axis. The depth is the length of the solar collector, with which this is arranged in operation within the receiving well. The receiving diameter is preferably constant over the depth of the receiving recess. This elongated shape of the receiving recess allows a reliable plug connection of receiving recess and solar collector. In addition, the heat-transmitting lateral surface of both the solar collector and the heat exchanger is particularly large by this shape of the receiving recess, without thereby increasing their outer diameter. As a result, on the one hand, a particularly small cross-section of the heat exchanger in the heat transfer section is made possible. On the other hand, the transport fluid flow dependent minimum cross section of the passage openings is reduced by the higher efficiency.

Particularly preferably, at least the first passage opening is formed with a minimum inner diameter of a connection element. The connecting element can be selected depending on the hollow profile and connecting elements to be connected. As a result, the heat exchanger can be integrated far more in existing solar collector systems.

Preferably, the first passage center longitudinal axis is spaced apart from the second passage center longitudinal axis by at most a three times, in particular at most two and a half times, inner diameter of the first passage opening. The fact that the distance of the two passage openings is limited with their parallel Durchlassmittellängsachsen from each other to this distance, the space requirement of the heat exchanger in the transverse direction is particularly low. In this case, particularly preferably both both passage center longitudinal axes and the receiving means longitudinal axis lie in one plane. As a result, in turn, the space requirement of the heat exchanger can be reduced. The maximum distance between the passage center longitudinal axes relative to one another is dependent on the inner diameter of the first passage opening, since the thickness of the elements (for example connecting element, connecting element) to be arranged between the passage openings also increases with increasing inner diameter.

Preferably, the connection element has a stop for the axial positioning of a connection element to be mounted on, which is formed by a positioning projection. This positioning projection is located on an outer side of the connection element facing away from the first passage center longitudinal axis and extends in the radial direction relative to the passage center longitudinal axis. In this case, the positioning projection can be formed completely or only partially on the circumference. By means of this positioning projection, the connection of a connecting element to the connecting element is possible in a particularly reliable manner by means of a press connection. The connecting element can be pushed onto the connecting element and fixed in a simple manner with an optimum overlap length. This form of attachment facilitates the integration of the heat exchanger in a hollow profile when using conventional fasteners such as hoses or pipes made of highly heat-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene.

Particularly preferably, the connection element between the positioning projection and the passage opening on the outside at least one expansion projection. This extends in the radial direction to the outside. This elastic expansion projection is preferably collar-like and tangential to the connection element circulating. It supports the terminal-to-connector connection in that an inner surface of the connector abuts and deforms a surface of the expansion projection. By this pressing, a radial force acts from the connecting element on the connecting element, which makes the connection more reliable. As a result, the heat exchanger can be reliably connected to a multiplicity of connecting elements of different characteristics.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the connection element is arranged on an angle element. The central longitudinal axis of the connecting element is arranged at right angles to the respective Durchlassmittellängsachse. Particularly preferably, the heat exchanger has two passage openings, to each of which an angle element is connected, to which in turn a connection element is connected. The two openings facing away from the heat exchanger openings of the connecting elements are facing away from each other and their central longitudinal axes preferably coaxially. As a result, a particularly space-saving installation of the heat exchanger and by the use of the connection elements a particularly reliable connection to the working fluid circuit is possible due to the low to be reached Umleitradius.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first passage center longitudinal axis at most by a two-fold, in particular at most by a simple receiving diameter from the receiving means longitudinal axis spaced. The receiving diameter is the diameter of the preferably circular cylindrical receiving recess. Characterized in that the first Durchlaßmittellängsachse is spaced at most by this distance from the receiving means longitudinal axis, a particularly elongated design of the heat exchanger is possible. A lateral and facing away from the receiving recess lateral surface of the connecting element thus has a particularly small distance from the receiving means longitudinal axis in a transverse direction, which intersects the first passage center longitudinal axis and the receiving means longitudinal axis at right angles. As a result, the heat exchanger is particularly well suited for integration into a hollow profile.

Preferably, the heat exchanger is associated with exactly one solar collector. Because only one solar collector is connected to the heat exchanger, only one receiving recess on the heat exchanger is necessary. As a result, in turn, the heat exchanger is more flexible with respect to the size of the hollow profile used.

Preferably, a supply section adjoining the second passage opening is arranged opening out into a heat transfer section of the heat exchanger. The heat transfer section surrounds the receiving recess in the radial direction relative to the receiving means longitudinal axis. Due to the shape of the feed section, a flushing of the receiving recess is achieved by the transport fluid. Particularly preferably, the receiving recess is completely surrounded, tangentially. The supply section thus connects the second passage opening with the heat transfer section. The heat transfer section of the heat exchanger surrounds the inserted capacitor end of the solar collector during operation. The feed section is preferably not immediately adjacent to a discharge section of the heat exchanger lying between the heat transfer section and the discharge opening.

By the described form of flushing the receiving recess a particularly efficient heat transfer to the transport fluid in the heat transfer section is achieved. In turn, a high efficiency allows the use of a smaller amount of transport fluid, which allows a smaller cross section of the two passage openings. The smaller the fluid-conducting cross-sections of the heat exchanger can be configured, the lower is the space occupied by the heat exchanger in a hollow profile space.

Particularly preferably, the first passage opening is designed as an outlet opening for discharging the transport fluid from the heat exchanger. With this assignment it is achieved that the transport fluid is passed to the heat transfer in the heat transfer section by the shortest possible route to the outlet. This in turn ensures the lowest possible heat losses within the heat exchanger, whereby it can also be combined in solar collector systems with components of the highest efficiency.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger comprises a measuring device which determines the temperature of the transport fluid in the heat exchanger. This measuring device is connected to a control of a circulation pump for regulating the transport fluid flow. The measuring device preferably comprises a platinum measuring resistor (PT 100) for measuring the transport fluid temperature. The measuring device simplifies the integration of the heat exchanger into conventional solar collector systems, since a circulating pump can be controlled directly and without additional system component by the measuring device.

• 1 einen Längsschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Wärmetauschers,
• 2 einen Querschnitt in Richtung II-II durch den Gegenstand aus 1,
• 3 eine perspektivische Übersichtsdarstellung des Gegenstandes aus 1, 2 in einer Einbausituation, und
• 4 eine Draufsicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Wärmetauschers in einer alternativen Einbausituation.

Further details and advantages of the invention can be found in the embodiment described schematically below; show it:

• 1 a longitudinal section of a heat exchanger according to the invention,
• 2 a cross section in the direction II-II through the object 1 .
• 3 a perspective overview of the subject matter 1 . 2 in a mounting situation, and
• 4 a plan view of an embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention in an alternative installation situation.

The features of the heat exchanger according to the invention explained below can also be described individually or in other combinations as the subject of the invention, but always at least in combination with the features of claim 1. If appropriate, functionally equivalent parts are provided with identical reference numerals.

1 and 2 show a heat exchanger according to the invention 2 , Its longitudinal section ( 1 ) has two ports 6 and a recording pit 12 , It acts a passage opening 6 as an inlet opening 6 ' and the other passage opening 6 as outlet opening 6 " for the transport fluid. In operation, the transport fluid passes through the inlet port one after the other 6 ' , a feeder section 32 and a heat transfer section 34 , The heat transfer section 34 surrounds the receiving recess 12 ,

The recording well 12 has the shape of a circular cylinder and is rotationally symmetric (cf. 2 ) about a receiving longitudinal axis 14 educated. A receiving diameter 24 and a depth 36 the recording well 12 are chosen to be a solar collector 4 can be inserted with a complementary shaped end for heat dissipation.

After heat transfer, the transport fluid leaves the heat exchanger during operation 2 through the outlet opening 6 " , In the illustrated embodiment, both the outlet opening 6 " as well as the inlet opening 6 ' through a connection element 22 educated. At this can each have a connecting element 28 be connected for the supply and discharge of the transport fluid (see. 3 ). For connection with the connecting element, the connecting element 22 a positioning advantage 26 on, on which the connecting element 28 in the axial direction. Between inlet and outlet opening 6 ' respectively. 6 " and the respective positioning projection 26 There are four expansion projections each 30 showing the press connection of the connecting element 28 make it safer.

1 shows that the receiving longitudinal axis 14 and a first passage center longitudinal axis 16 the first passage opening 6 are arranged coaxially. A second passage center longitudinal axis 18 the second passage opening 6 is parallel to a first Durchlassmittellängsachse 16 arranged. The distance between the two Durchlassmittellängachsachsen 16 . 18 each other is about the size of two minimum inner diameters 20 the outlet opening 6 " ,

Between recording well 12 and outlet opening 6 " there is a measuring device 38 , This measuring device 38 is connected to a controller of a circulation pump, which regulates the transport fluid flow.

The 3 and 4 show two different installation situations of inventive heat exchanger 2 , In 3 is the heat exchanger 2 at least for the most part within a rafter profile shown. On one side is a solar collector integrated in this rafter profile 4 shown, whose end in the heat exchanger 2 empties. To the two connection elements 22 is in each case a connecting element 28 connected in the form of a hose. The connecting elements 28 have in the illustrated installation situation a substantially rectilinear course, which is parallel to the Durchlassmittellängsachsen 16,18.

4 shows an alternative installation situation of a heat exchanger according to the invention 2 , Again, a solar collector 4 at one end with a heat exchanger according to the invention 2 connected. At the two passage openings 6 are immediately two fasteners 28 arranged, which redirect the transport fluid by 90 °. These deflecting connecting elements 28 are in turn to rectilinearly extending further connecting elements 28 connected.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2

heat exchangers

4

solar collector

6

Port

6 '

inlet port

6 "

outlet

12

receiving recess

14

Receiving means longitudinal axis

16

first Durchlassmittellängsachse

18

second passage center longitudinal axis

20

Inner diameter

22

connecting element

24

Mounting diameter

26

positioning projection

28

connecting element

30

stretch lead

32

lead portion

34

Heat transfer portion

36

Depth of the recording well

38

measuring device

Claims (12)

Heat exchanger for transmitting heat energy from at least one of the heat exchanger (2) associated solar collector (4) on a transport fluid, wherein the heat exchanger (2) has at least two passage openings (6), of which at least one passage opening (6) as a transport fluid in the Heat exchanger (2) inlet inlet opening (6 ') and at least one passage opening (6) as the transport fluid from the heat exchanger (2) exhaust outlet (6 ") is configured, characterized in that the heat exchanger (2) for connecting the solar collector ( 4) at least one receiving recess (12) with a receiving means longitudinal axis (14) and a first of the receiving recess (12) facing away from passage opening (6) having a first Durchlaßmittellängsachse (16), wherein the receiving means longitudinal axis (14) and the first Durchlassmittellängsachse (16) are arranged substantially parallel or coaxial. Heat exchanger after Claim 1 , characterized in that a second passage center longitudinal axis (18) of a second of the receiving recess (12) facing away from the passage opening (6) is arranged substantially parallel to the first passage center longitudinal axis (16). Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving diameter (24) of the receiving recess (12) is smaller than the depth (36) of the receiving recess (12) in the direction of the receiving means longitudinal axis (14). Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the first passage opening (6) is formed with a minimum inner diameter (20) of a connection element (22). Heat exchanger after Claim 4 , characterized in that the first Durchlassmittellängsachse (16) at most by a three times, in particular at most two and a half times the inner diameter (20) of the first passage opening (6) from the second Durchlassmittellängsachse (18) is spaced. Heat exchanger after Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that the connecting element (22) on a side facing away from the first passage center longitudinal axis (16) has a radially extending and a stop forming positioning projection (26) for axially positioning a aufzusteckenden connecting element (28). Heat exchanger after Claim 6 , characterized in that the connecting element (22) between the positioning projection (26) and the passage opening (6) on the outside at least one radially outwardly extending expansion projection (30). Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first Durchlassmittellängsachse (16) at most by a two-fold, in particular at most a simple receiving diameter (24) of the receiving recess (12) from the receiving means longitudinal axis (14) is spaced. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger (2) is associated with exactly one solar collector (4). Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a supply line section (32) of the heat exchanger (2) adjoining the second passage opening (6) is arranged to open into a heat transfer section (34) for generating a wash around the receiving recess (12) Receiving recess (12) in the radial direction relative to the receiving means longitudinal axis (14) surrounds. Heat exchanger after Claim 10 , characterized in that the first passage opening (6) as an outlet opening (6 ") is designed for discharging the transport fluid. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger (2) comprises a temperature of the transport fluid in the heat exchanger (2) determining measuring device (38) which is connected to a control of a circulation pump for controlling the transport fluid flow.

Images