DE202018102001U1 - Device for moving load carriers, adapters for receiving load carriers and transport trolleys for picking up and transporting load carriers - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for moving charge carriers (12), in which a load can be introduced, comprising
a guide column (14),
a carriage (28) which is movable along the guide column (14) and with which at least one adapter (50) for receiving charge carriers (12) can be connected,
- At least one along the guide column (14) extending support means (34), and
- A in the carriage (28) arranged or cooperating with the carriage and by means of a drive device (32) driven pinion (62) which engages for moving the carriage (28) along the guide column (14) positively in the support means (34).

Description

The present invention relates to a device for moving charge carriers. Furthermore, the invention relates to an adapter for receiving charge carriers and a transport trolley for receiving and transporting load carriers.

Load carriers are used very frequently in logistics in order to transport and store a load. The most frequently encountered embodiments of load carriers are boxes and pallets. The boxes are often referred to as small load carriers (KLT). The main advantage of the load carriers is that they can be standardized and grasped and moved with gripping units, regardless of the shape of the load, without requiring special adjustments of the gripping units for this purpose. When using boxes, it is possible to stack them, which can be stored and transported on a small area a large amount of the cargo.

A special situation arises when filling and emptying the load carriers: a workpiece finished by a machine tool must be transported further, for example to a warehouse, where the workpiece can be stored and from where it can be shipped. Depending on the configuration of the machine tool, this ejects the finished workpiece or places it in a dispensing area. The machine tool can be set up so that it deposits the finished workpiece directly into the load carrier. If the load carrier is full, it must be replaced with an unfilled load carrier. If no conveyor belt is present, this replacement is carried out manually, wherein the filled charge carrier is stored or parked for example on a trolley or a stacking place. In many cases, the filled load carriers weigh up to 70 kg, so manual lifting and lowering poses a health hazard to the employee.

To facilitate lifting and dropping, various lifting devices have been developed. For example, in the DE 202 16 192 U1 discloses a lifting device with which a load carrier can be raised and lowered. Here, however, the charge carrier must be manually placed on the receptacle and removed from it. The DE 20 2017 001 339 U1 also discloses a lifting device coupled to a magazine in which the full load carriers can be deposited and empty load carriers removed. If the magazine is full, it is driven away and replaced with a blank one. Since the magazine needs a certain amount of space, it can not be turned off everywhere. In addition, the charge carriers used there can not be stacked. The DE 10 2010 040 152 A1 discloses an apparatus for transferring filled carriers from a conveyor to a trolley. The device is not configured to move unfilled load carriers. In addition, the device requires the presence of a conveyor belt.

Not only in the DE 20 2017 001 339 U1 a lifting carriage is moved along a guide column, wherein an adapter can be attached to the carriage, which receives the charge carriers. The carriage is moved by a moving chain driven by a rotating pinion. In addition, the chain passes through at least one Umlenkritzel, which is rotated by the chain. Both the pinion and the pinion engage in the chain. In particular, in the area of the pinion and the Umlenkritzels there is a danger for a user that he gets his fingers between the chain and the pinion or the Umlenkritzel, whereby the user can incur serious injury. Although the chain can be shielded by a housing, however, the carriage must be connectable to the adapter, which is why the housing has a slot-shaped recess. In many cases, the chain runs so that it is directly accessible through the slot-shaped recess and the above-described danger to the fingers of the user can not be effectively avoided. In addition, the moving chain as such poses a danger to the fingers of a user, since the chain often has sharp-edged chain links on which the user can cut his fingers.

As already explained, the load is transported and stored in load carriers. When moving the charge carriers by means of a device described above, the charge carriers are taken up in the aforementioned adapter and moved together with the adapter. In order to ensure a secure recording of the charge carrier in the adapter and in particular to prevent slippage of the charge carrier in the adapter or falling out of the charge carrier from the adapter, the shape and size of the adapter must be adapted to the shape and size of the carrier. This requirement in practice means that an adapter can only be used for one type or only for very few types of load carriers. However, it may well be that within the in-house transport several types of carriers are used, so that the adapter no longer fit and must be replaced, which is not feasible during operation. As a result, the scope and the Flexibility of known devices clearly limited.

As also mentioned, the load carriers not only serve for the transport of the load, but also for the storage of the load. A temporary storage of the cargo within the in-house transport, for example, be necessary if the finished goods are stored in a warehouse, which is more or less far away from the machine tools. In this case, the load carriers are placed on a trolley and stored temporarily. When the trolley is fully loaded, it is pushed into the warehouse. But here too, the situation described for the adapter occurs, according to which the charge carriers can only be safely accommodated in the transport vehicle if the size of the charge carriers matches the sizes of the storage spaces of the transport vehicle. If several types of load carriers are used within an in-house conveyor system, suitable transport trolleys must be provided, which makes the transport processes more complex, time-consuming and therefore error-prone and more expensive.

It is an object of one embodiment of the present invention to provide a device for moving charge carriers, with which the above-described situation can be met. In particular, the device should be designed so that the risk of injury to a user over known such devices is significantly reduced. Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention has the object to provide an adapter and a trolley, which can be used for different sized carriers.

This object is achieved with the features specified in claims 1, 12 and 25. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

An embodiment of the invention relates to a device for moving load carriers, in which a load can be introduced, comprising a guide column, a carriage which is movable along the guide column and with which at least one adapter for receiving charge carriers is connectable, at least one along the guide column extending support means, and arranged in the carriage or cooperating with the carriage and drivable by means of a drive means pinion, which engages positively for moving the carriage along the guide column in the support means.

A pinion may be understood to mean a toothed wheel, but the pinion may also be designed as a wheel which has a specific profile which interacts with the support means in a form-fitting manner. The support means is a kind of rack. In any case, slippage of the pinion against the support means must be prevented, otherwise the carriage would move uncontrollably along the guide column. The support means may be formed stationary, so that the pinion is the only driven part to move the carriage along the guide column. The pinion can be much better shielded with a housing than a moving chain, so that the risk that the user injures his fingers, can be significantly reduced in the proposed embodiment of the present device. The danger posed by a moving chain to the user no longer exists.

According to a further embodiment, the support means is flexible and in particular designed as a chain or as a belt. The flexible design of the support means, in particular as a chain, rope or belt has the advantage that the guide column can also have curved sections, without having to adapt the support means to the arcuate sections. Due to the flexibility of the chain or belt, these can be used for variously designed guide columns. In addition, the arrangement of the pinion can be chosen freely, since the flexible support means can be guided towards the pinion. The freedom of design of the drive device is thereby increased.

In a further embodiment, the chain or strap may be fixedly connected to the device at a first end. The second end may remain loose, which is particularly advantageous when the guide columns have curved portions. The use of pulleys or the like is not necessary. Faulty engagement of the pinion in the chain or in the belt and resulting increased wear of the pinion and the chain or the belt are thereby reduced. Another consequence of incorrect operations is increased noise, which can also be avoided.

In a further developed embodiment, the chain or the belt may be connected to the device at a second end by means of an elastic element. Although a certain guidance of the chain or the belt can be effected by means of the elastic element, for example a spring, so that the course of the chain or the belt does not happen accidentally. However, the leadership is still sufficiently flexible, so that the risk of incorrect operations and jamming is reduced. Nevertheless, even arcuate sections can be traversed. Furthermore, the resulting increased wear and increased noise counteracted.

In a further embodiment, the guide column may have a substantially perpendicularly extending first portion and a circular sector-shaped second portion. In this embodiment, it is not only possible to raise or lower charge carriers between two different levels, but also to discharge the charge carriers. Although this can also be done by the fact that the adapter is mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation on the carriage, but in this case at least a portion of the cargo here falls largely unrestrained from the carrier. When the dumping by moving the adapter connected to the carriage along the sector-shaped or curved second portion of the guide column happens, on the one hand the mechanism of the device can be kept simple, since no drive for the rotation of the adapter relative to the carriage must be provided. On the other hand, the load is released more gently from the charge carriers, since more upwardly lying load rolls on lower lying cargo and is thus slowed down in comparison to falling out in the charge carrier.

A further developed embodiment is characterized in that the second section has a free end, wherein in the region of the free end, a guide plate for guiding the cargo when emptying from the charge carrier is arranged. Guiding the dumped cargo prevents on the one hand the uncontrolled falling out and the resulting damage to the cargo and on the other hand allows a more accurate transfer to other receptacles.

According to a further embodiment, at least the first section of the guide column comprises a number of identical subsections. The guide column can be modular in this respect and consequently adapted to different heights without much effort. For example, the guide column can consist of several sub-sections, which have a length of 1 m. Consequently, the height of the guide column can be adjusted in 1 m increments. If intermediate heights are required, only one of the subsections needs to be adjusted. For connecting the subsections identically formed connecting elements can be used, so that the connection process can be kept simple.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the guide column in cross-section H-shaped, T-shaped or half-H-shaped. Such cross sections have a comparatively high area moment of inertia, so that the guide column designed in this way can absorb a high bending moment. When the guide column has the sector-shaped second section, particularly high bending moments act on the guide column, which can be well received in this embodiment, without the guide column would have to be particularly large dimensions. Consequently, material can be saved and the weight of the guide column can be limited.

A further embodiment is characterized in that the H-shaped or half-H-shaped designed guide column has at least two mutually parallel legs, between which a number of securing bolts is arranged. With the locking bolts extending between the legs, the guide column can be further stiffened so that even higher bending moments can be absorbed. Also in this embodiment, material can be saved and the weight of the guide column can be kept within limits.

In a further embodiment, the device may comprise a cooperating with the carriage or arranged in the carriage safety device comprising a securing element, which detects in the event that the carriage can not support the support means, the carriage on the guide column. The securing element may be, for example, a wedge brake, which triggers when the carriage can no longer be supported on the support means. The safety device prevents in this case the carriage can move unrestrained along the guide column and falls to the ground. Resultant damage to the device and risks to the user of the device can be excluded thereby.

In another embodiment, the securing element is biased against the chain or belt by means of a biasing means. In the event that the chain, the rope or the belt breaks, the securing element for securing the carriage to the guide column cooperates with at least one of the securing bolts. In addition to the already mentioned stiffening effect in this embodiment, the securing bolts also have the additional function of catching the carriage when the chain or the belt breaks. As long as the chain or belt is intact, the securing element is held in a position in which it can not engage in the securing bolts. As soon as the chain or belt breaks, the securing element is placed in a position due to the then lacking counterforce due to the spring force in which the securing element can engage in one of the securing bolts. This embodiment makes the safety device easy to deploy and provides high reliability. As a biasing means, for example, a spring or a counterweight can be used.

An embodiment of the invention relates to an adapter for receiving charge carriers, which is in particular connectable to a carriage of a device according to one of the previously described embodiments, comprising a first side wall and a second side wall which extend substantially parallel to each other, and a support portion on which at least one charge carrier can be placed, with at least one of the side walls being movable toward and away from the other of the side walls.

As explained above, the carriage is moved along a guide column, wherein the adapter can be attached to the carriage, which receives the charge carriers. When moving the adapter together with the carriage along the guide column, there is a risk that the charge carrier received in the adapter slips or even falls out of the adapter. From both cases, more or less severe disadvantages may arise for the transport of the load arranged in the load carrier. By virtue of the fact that at least one of the side walls is movable toward and away from the other of the side walls, the distance between the side walls of the adapter can be chosen such that it corresponds to the length or the width of the charge carriers used. Slippage of the charge carriers is thereby avoided, at least with respect to the side walls. At least one of the side walls may cooperate with a biasing means and the distance between the side walls may be slightly larger than the length or the width of the charge carriers, so that the respective side wall is slightly biased when introducing the charge carriers into the adapter. Consequently, a certain frictional force between the charge carrier and the side wall, which largely prevents slippage and in particular falling out of the charge carriers from the adapter.

According to a further developed embodiment, the adapter has an adjusting device with which at least one of the side walls is movable relative to the other of the side walls. With the adjustment of the distance between the side walls during operation of the adapter can be adjusted quickly and flexibly. Depending on the field of application of the adapter, it may be that carriers of different sizes are used for the transport of the cargo. If a charge carrier with dimensions different from the preceding charge carrier is to be received by the adapter, an automatic adjustment of the distance of the side walls can be carried out by means of the adjusting device. Information about the dimensions of the relevant charge carrier can be transmitted, for example, with an RFID chip attached to the charge carrier and readable by a control unit. The control unit activates the adjusting device accordingly. Consequently, the adapter can be used very flexibly.

In a further embodiment, the adapter comprises a sensor for detecting the presence of a charge carrier in the adapter and / or in the immediate vicinity of the adapter. This sensor may be formed, for example, in the manner of a light barrier. The ability of the adapter to detect the presence of a carrier in the adapter or in the immediate vicinity can be used for a variety of purposes. For example, the adjustment of the distance of the side walls depending on the presence of a carrier can be done. In addition, the displacement of the carriage along the guide column can only take place when there is actually a charge carrier in the adapter. As a result, unnecessary empty runs can be prevented.

According to a further developed embodiment, the adapter comprises a read head for identifying and documenting the received charge carriers. In this embodiment, not only the presence of a charge carrier in the adapter can be detected, but it is also possible to identify the recorded in the adapter charge carriers. The information that at a certain time a certain charge carrier was included in the adapter, can be used for documentation purposes and for tracking the path of a particular cargo.

According to a further embodiment, the support portion of at least a first roller, which is arranged on the first side wall, and at least one second roller, which is arranged on the second side wall. The use of rollers has the advantage that the friction and thus the resulting wear on the carriers due to the transport is kept low. The rollers used in the prior art extend over the entire width of the load carrier. If you use such roles in the adapter, the distance between the side walls can not be changed or only with great effort. Since at least one roller is fastened to each side wall in this embodiment, the distance of the side walls from each other can be changed at least until the two rollers strike either against each other or against the opposite side wall. In this embodiment, the distance between the two side walls can be changed despite the use of rollers with little technical effort.

In a further embodiment, the first roller and / or the second roller are driven or driven. Due to the ability to drive one or both rollers, the charge carriers can be drawn into the adapter, so that they occupy a predeterminable position in the adapter. This can prevent that the charge carriers are only partially received in the adapter and can fall out of the adapter when moving along the guide column. After completion of the transport, the carriers can be pushed out of the adapter, whereby the transfer is simplified.

According to a further development, the support section is formed by a plate bottom. The plate bottom gives the adapter a high stability, so that offers this training for heavy goods. In addition, the plate floor can be provided with joints along which the side walls can be moved. The displaceability of the side walls can be realized in this training with little technical effort.

In a further refinement, an extension section can be connectable to the plate floor. With the expansion section, the adapter can be easily adapted to different sized load carriers. As already mentioned, falling out of the charge carriers from the adapter must be prevented, which can be effectively prevented with the extension section, in particular when very long charge carriers are used.

According to a continued embodiment, at least one first stop on the first side wall and at least one second stop on the second side wall can be fastened. With the attacks, a charge carrier can be secured within the adapter and prevented that the charge carrier can fall out of the adapter. Due to the arrangement of the stops on the first and the second side wall they are moved when the side walls are moved relative to each other.

In a further embodiment, a first extension run on the first side wall and a second extension run on the second side wall can be fastened, wherein the first stop on the first extension runner and the second stop on the second extension runner can be fastened. With the extension skids, the adapter can be prepared for receiving different levels of charge carriers, without having to operate significant effort, so that the adapter can be used very flexible.

According to a further developed embodiment, the adapter has a pouring device for guiding the load when emptying from the load carrier. In some cases, the load is transferred to receptacles which are narrower than the carriers. With the pouring device can be prevented that at least a portion of the cargo is lost when emptying the load carrier.

According to a further developed embodiment of the adapter, the pouring device has an adjustable and lockable bulk taper. Due to the adjustability of the pouring device, the load can be purposefully transferred to a receptacle. If the bulk rejuvenation is set very narrow, the load itself can be passed through small openings of the receptacle. With a widely set bulk taper, a uniform filling of the receptacle can be realized. The bulk taper can be adjusted by means of a drive unit. Furthermore, an uncontrolled adjustment of bulk material rejuvenation can be prevented by the fact that the bulk taper can be determined. The once selected setting remains in operation. However, it can be dynamically adjusted and adjusted with the drive unit during operation.

According to a continuing training, the adapter has a drip tray for collecting liquids or solids. Depending on how the load is produced, for example, it may be sprayed with a lubricant, which slowly dissolves during transport from the load. In this case, the charge carriers are often basket-shaped, so that the lubricant accumulates in the adapter or, in the event that the adapter has rollers attached to the side walls, the lubricant drips uncontrollably into the workshop. If the adapter is then to be used for another load, it must be cleaned consuming depending on the design. With the drip tray, a complex cleaning can be omitted, since it can be designed so that it can be cleaned well. In addition, it can be prevented that the lubricant drips uncontrollably into the workshop. It should be emphasized at this juncture that the drip pan can also be used for adapters in which none of the side walls is movable toward and away from the other side walls. Consequently, continuous rolls can be used together with the drip pan.

An embodiment of the invention relates to a transport trolley for receiving and transporting load carriers, comprising a carrier device with at least one first side carrier and a second side carrier, at least two first carrier rollers attached to the first side carrier are and at least two second carrier rollers which are attached to the second side support, wherein at least one of the side support to the other side of the side support and is movable away therefrom.

Filled carriers can be stored in the trolley and transported with the trolley, for example, in a warehouse located outside the factory. As already mentioned for the adapter, when moving the trolley, the charge carriers received in the trolley may slip or even fall out of the trolley. From both cases, more or less severe disadvantages may arise for the transport of the load arranged in the load carrier. By virtue of the fact that at least one of the side supports is movable towards and away from the side supports, the distance between the side supports of the transport carriage can be selected such that it corresponds to the length or the width of the charge carriers used. A slipping of the charge carriers is thereby avoided, at least with respect to the side support.

In a further embodiment, at least one of the carrier rollers can be driven. Due to the ability to drive one or both carrier rollers, the carriers can be drawn into the trolley, so that they occupy a predeterminable position in the trolley. In this way it can be prevented that the charge carriers are only partially accommodated in the transport vehicle and can fall out of the transport vehicle. In the transport vehicle usually more charge carriers are stored in a plane. Using the drivable carrier rollers, a load carrier can be moved to a certain position without colliding with another load carrier. The trolley can therefore be optimally loaded.

According to a further developed embodiment, the transport carriage on a track, with which the trolley is movable. The trolley can be automatically moved within a factory floor or between a factory floor and a warehouse, so that the trolley must not be pushed by an employee. For this purpose, induction loops can be installed inside the workshop. The trolley can be moved as soon as it is fully loaded. Waiting times are prevented. In addition, the trolley can be integrated into a largely automated production. The track can be firmly connected to the trolley or be designed so that the trolley itself has no wheels, but the wheels are integrated in the track. The section without the wheels, which can also be referred to as a storage rack, can be parked on the moving unit, for example, by means of a forklift truck. Consequently, the track unit can be used for multiple storage racks and therefore very cost efficient.

A further embodiment specifies that the transport carriage and in particular the track unit has a number of wheels, which are designed as mecanum wheels. Mecanum wheels are for example in the US Pat. No. 8,540,038 B1 disclosed. On the circumference of the Mecanum wheel several rotatably mounted, mostly barrel-shaped rollers are usually mounted at an angle of 45 degrees to the axis of the entire Mecanum wheel. Only these rollers make contact with the ground. These rollers have no direct drive and can rotate freely around their inclined bearing axis. By means of the Mecanum wheels, the transport trolley, whether with its own drive or by an employee, can be moved omnidirectionally without the need for a steering device. The trolley can be easily maneuvered in a small space. It should be emphasized here that the mecanum wheels can also be used for trolleys in which neither of the side walls is movable toward and away from the other of the side walls. Thus, for example, continuous rolls may be used in conjunction with the Mecanum wheels. According to a further embodiment, the trolley on a drip tray for collecting liquids or solids. Depending on how the load is produced, for example, it may be sprayed with a lubricant, which slowly dissolves during transport from the load. In this case, the charge carriers are often designed basket-like, so that the lubricant drips uncontrolled in the workshop. The drip pan can prevent the lubricant from dripping uncontrollably into the workshop. At this point, it should be emphasized that the drip pan can also be used for trolleys in which none of the side walls to the other of the side walls and away from it is movable. Consequently, for example, continuous rollers can be used together with the drip pan.

According to a further developed embodiment, at least one extension section can be connected to the trolley. The trolleys usually have a plurality of superposed planes, in which the load carriers can be stored. With the extension sections, the capacity of the relevant trolley can be easily increased. For this purpose, the extension sections can be inserted into corresponding receptacles of the trolley.

According to a developed embodiment, the transport vehicle has a coupling device for coupling the transport vehicle to a coupling partner. The coupling partner may be another trolley or a lifting device for lifting the adapter. The coupling device can be designed such that electrical energy and electrical signals can be transmitted, so that the connection of corresponding plugs can be dispensed with. Furthermore, hydraulic and / or pneumatic connections and / or electromagnetic connections can be integrated in the coupling device. In addition, the coupling device can fix the trolley and protect against unintentional rolling away. Furthermore, the coupling device is used for positioning and aligning the transport carriage, for example with respect to the lifting device. Consequently, the smooth transfer of the adapter is ensured in the trolley. All functions can be provided with a coupling process within a short time. It should be emphasized at this juncture that the coupling device can also be used for transport trolleys in which none of the side walls is movable toward and away from the other of the side walls. Consequently, for example, continuous rollers can be used together with the coupling device.

According to a refinement, the transport carriage has a locking device for securing the load carriers in the transport carriage. As already mentioned, the trolley on side support. The charge carriers are therefore introduced parallel to the side carriers in the trolley and taken out of it. In particular, when the trolley has rollers with which the load carriers are guided in the trolley, there is a risk that the load carriers fall out of the trolley, especially when the trolley is accelerated or decelerated. The locking device prevents the load carriers from falling out of the transport cart.

• 1 eine prinzipielle Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Bewegen von Ladungsträgern,
• 2A bis 2D jeweils eine Schnittdarstellung durch die Führungssäule entlang der in 1A definierten Schnittebene,
• 3 eine prinzipielle Darstellung einer Sicherheitseinrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
• 4A ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Adapters anhand einer prinzipiellen Vorderansicht,
• 4B das in 4A gezeigte erste Ausführungsbeispiel des Adapters anhand einer prinzipiellen Seitenansicht,
• 5 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Adapters anhand einer prinzipiellen Seitenansicht,
• 6 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Adapters anhand einer prinzipiellen Vorderansicht,
• 7 ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Adapters anhand einer prinzipiellen Seitenansicht,
• 8 ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Adapters anhand einer prinzipiellen Vorderansicht,
• 9A ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Transportwagens anhand einer prinzipiellen Seitenansicht,
• 9B das in 9A gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Transportwagens anhand einer prinzipiellen Vorderansicht,
• 10 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Transportwagens anhand einer prinzipiellen Seitenansicht, und
• 11A ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Transportwagens anhand einer prinzipiellen Vorderansicht, wobei der Transportwagen eine sich in einer Offenstellung befindliche Verriegelungseinrichtung aufweist,
• 11B das in 11A gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Transportwagens ebenfalls anhand einer prinzipiellen Vorderansicht, wobei sich die Verriegelungseinrichtung in einer Schließstellung befindet,
• 12 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Mecanum-Rades, und
• 13A und 13B eine prinzpielle Draufsicht auf ein Kupplungselement und eine Kupplungseinrichtung.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it

• 1 a schematic side view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention for moving charge carriers,
• 2A to 2D in each case a sectional view through the guide column along the in 1A defined cutting plane,
• 3 a schematic representation of a safety device of the device according to the invention,
• 4A A first embodiment of an adapter according to the invention with reference to a basic front view,
• 4B this in 4A shown first embodiment of the adapter based on a principle side view,
• 5 A second embodiment of an adapter according to the invention with reference to a basic side view,
• 6 A third embodiment of an adapter according to the invention with reference to a basic front view,
• 7 A fourth embodiment of an adapter according to the invention with reference to a basic side view,
• 8th A fifth embodiment of an adapter according to the invention with reference to a basic front view,
• 9A A first embodiment of a trolley according to the invention based on a basic side view,
• 9B this in 9A shown embodiment of the trolley according to the invention based on a basic front view,
• 10 A second embodiment of a trolley according to the invention based on a principal side view, and
• 11A A third embodiment of the trolley according to the invention based on a basic front view, wherein the trolley has a located in an open position locking device,
• 11B this in 11A shown embodiment of the trolley according to the invention also with reference to a basic front view, wherein the locking device is in a closed position,
• 12 a perspective view of a Mecanum wheel, and
• 13A and 13B a prinzpielle top view of a coupling element and a coupling device.

In the 1 is a schematic side view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention 10 for moving load carriers 12 (see, for example 9 ). The device 10 includes a guide column 14 which are in a bottom plate 16 is anchored. The guiding column 14 has a straight, substantially perpendicular along the in 1 defined z-axis extending first section 18 and a circular sector-shaped or arcuate second portion 20 on. The first paragraph 18 comprises a total of three subsections 22 that are identical to each other. Both the subsection 22 of the first section 18 as well as the circular sector-shaped second section 20 are connected to each other with non-illustrated fasteners offset. The number of subsections 22 can be chosen freely, so that the height of the guide column 14 can be adjusted accordingly. To support the circular sector-shaped second section 20 is a boom 24 provided between a housing 26 the device 10 and the sector-shaped second section 20 runs.

The device 10 includes a carriage 28 that goes along the guide column 14 can be moved. For this purpose, the carriage 28 a number of wheels 30 up, relying on the leadership column 14 unroll, which will be discussed in more detail later. At the sled 28 is a drive device 32 arranged with which the carriage 28 along the guiding column 14 can be moved. Also on the drive device 32 will be discussed in more detail later. At this point, it should be mentioned that the drive device 32 with one along the guide column 14 extending support means 34 cooperates, which in this case as a chain 36 or is designed as a belt. The support means 34 is at a first end 38 firmly with the device 10 connected, in the illustrated example in the circular sector-shaped second section 20 the guiding column 14 , The support means 34 is from a first pulley 40 , which on the housing 26 is attached, and a second pulley 42 at the guide post 14 is attached, deflected. At a second end 44 is the support means 34 by means of an elastic element 46 at the guiding column 14 attached.

At the sled 28 can by means of a connection flange 48 an adapter 50 ₁ be attached, which is a charge carrier, not shown here 12 record and together with the sled 28 along the guiding column 14 can be moved. The housing 26 has a slot-shaped recess (not shown), within which the connection flange 48 can move. For illustration purposes, the connection flange 48 about the z-axis offset by 90 ° on the slide 28 shown mounted, however, it is provided that the connection flange 48 based on the 1 behind or in front of the guiding column 14 is arranged, so that too the adapter 50 ₁ in front of or behind the guiding column 14 is moved along this. In the area of a free end 49 the guiding column 14 , here in the circular sector-shaped second section 20 , is a baffle 52 arranged, with which a load not shown here when emptying from the carrier 12 can be performed.

The device 10 also has a coupling element 54 on whose function will be discussed in more detail later. In addition, the device 10 with a housing box 56 provided in which, for example, not shown electrical and electronic components for controlling the device 10 are housed.

In the 2A to 2D are different sectional views along the in 1 defined cutting plane AA through the guide column 14 shown. From the 2A to 2C it is recognizable that the guiding column 14 a half-H-shaped ( 2A) , an H-shaped ( 2 B) or a T-shaped ( 2C ) May have cross-section. In addition, from the 2A to 2C the wheels 30 to recognize with which the sled 28 on the guiding column 14 rolls. The wheels 30 can be divided into two groups, namely a first group G1 whose wheels 30 have a rotation axis that is parallel to the x-axis, and in a second group G2 whose wheels 30 have an axis of rotation which are parallel to the y-axis. The wheels 30 can be spaced apart with respect to the z-axis arranged one. The arrangement of the wheels 30 is used when moving the adapter 50 ₁ occurring torques safely on the guide column 14 transferred to. At least two wheels 30 per group are provided, which are located on opposite sides of the guide column 14 roll. In 2D is a guide pillar 14 illustrated, which has a substantially T-shaped cross section, the two rolling surfaces 57 which extend at a 45 ° angle to the x-axis and the y-axis. On these rolling surfaces 57 roll of the two wheels 30 starting to become a third group G3 belong whose axes of rotation at an angle of 45 ° to the x-axis and the y-axis.

Both the in 2A and 2 B illustrated guide columns 14 with half-H-shaped and H-shaped cross section have two parallel legs 58 on, between which at least one safety bolt 60 runs. The in the 2A and 2 B carriage, not shown 28 is designed so that it is not on the safety bolt 60 strikes.

In 3 is the drive device 32 shown in more detail, with which of the carriage 28 along the guiding column 14 can be moved. The drive device 32 has a pinion 62 on, which with the drive device 32 can be turned. As explained, the support means 34 as a chain 36 or a belt formed in which or in which the pinion 62 positively engages. To a large-scale intervention too reach, the chain becomes 36 or the belt by means of two support means pulleys 64 diverted. Depending on the direction of rotation of the pinion 62 becomes the sled 28 along the guiding column 14 raised or lowered.

In addition, from the 1 and 3 recognizable that the inventive device 10 one with the sledge 28 cooperating safety device 66 having. The safety device 66 has a fuse element 68 on, which is designed hook-shaped in the example shown. The fuse element 68 is rotatably mounted about the y-axis (see. 1 ) and comes with a biasing agent 70 , biased in the example shown with a spring. So that the spring can be biased, is the fuse element 68 with a counterhold 72 connected to the chain 36 or supported on the belt, so that the securing element 68 in the in 3 shown first position is held. The counterpart 72 can the spring 70 just pretend because the chain 36 or the belt is tightened sufficiently strong and thus hardly in the direction of action and in the opposite direction of the spring 70 can be deflected provided biasing force. As long as the fuse element 68 located in the first position, the carriage can 28 along the guiding column 14 to be moved. In the event that the chain 36 or the belt breaks, the carriage moves 28 uncontrolled along the guide column 14 downward. In this case, but leaves the chain 36 or the belt in the direction of action and the opposite direction of the spring 70 deflected biasing force, so that the spring can not be biased. Consequently, the fuse element becomes 68 around the arrow P characterized direction rotated about the y-axis in a second position, not shown. In this second position, the fuse element 68 in the in 2 B shown locking bolts 60 intervene so that the sled 28 at the guiding column 14 is detected and no longer uncontrolled along the guide column 14 can fall down. Instead of the spring 70 can also be used an unillustrated counterweight, which in the event that the chain 36 or the belt breaks, the securing element 68 turns to the second position.

Referring to the 1 lets the sled 28 together with the adapter 50 ₁ along the guiding column 14 move. Due to the manner of the formation of the support means 34 can the sled 28 the sector-shaped second section 20 the guiding column 14 go through almost completely, with the sled 28 and consequently the adapter 50 ₁ on the second section 20 the guiding column 14 predetermined path to be rotated about the y-axis. The angle of rotation α is in 1 marked and there is 150 °. With a corresponding design of the circular sector-shaped second section 20 but it can also be up to 180 °. That in the charge carrier 12 Contained cargo is released in this way gently and the baffle 52 directed so that it can be transferred to a receptacle, not shown.

In 4A is a first embodiment of an adapter according to the invention 50 ₁ based on a basic front view and in 4B shown by a schematic side view. The adapter 50 ₁ has a first sidewall 74 and a second side wall 76 on, which are substantially parallel to each other. Furthermore, the adapter includes 50 ₁ a support section 78 on which at least one charge carrier 12 can be placed. The support section 78 is in the first embodiment of the adapter 50 ₁ as a plate floor 80 executed, in which a joint 82 is inserted, along which the first side wall 74 can be moved. In addition, the adapter points 50 ₁ an adjusting device 84 on, for example, comprises a spindle, with which the first side wall 74 to the second side wall 76 back and can be pushed away from this again. In this way, the distance between the two side walls 74 . 76 to the width or the length of the charge carrier 12 be adjusted.

How out 4B recognizable, the plate bottom closes 80 forward and backward with the side walls 74 . 76 flush off. In addition, the adapter includes 50 ₁ between the side walls 74 . 76 running a back wall 86 to which a sensor 88 for detecting the presence of a load carrier 12 in the adapter 50 ₁ and / or in the immediate vicinity of the adapter 50 ₁ as well as a reading head 90 for identifying and documenting the received charge carriers 12 are attached. The back wall 86 has a slightly lower height than the side walls 74 . 76 on.

The second side wall 76 has a wall section 92 on that with a pretensioner 94 can be biased. The distance between the first side wall 74 and the wall section 92 is chosen so that it is slightly smaller than the length or the width of the charge carrier 12 , When the charge carrier 12 in the adapter 50 ₁ is introduced, this comes into contact with the wall portion 92 so that the wall section 92 to the second side wall 76 is moved and the biasing device 94 biased so that the charge carrier 12 to the first side wall 74 is pushed. The of the pretensioner 94 provided biasing force generates a frictional force between the carrier 12 and the first sidewall 74 and the wall section 92 so that the charge carrier 12 on the one hand, clearly in its position with regard to side walls 74 . 76 in the adapter 50 ₁ positioned and on the other hand due to the frictional force in the charge carrier 12 held and secured against slipping.

As explained, the adapter can 50 ₁ with the sledge 28 connected, including the sled 28 the already mentioned connection flange 48 having. In 4B it can be seen that the side walls 74 . 76 a first group Q1 of diamond-shaped through holes 96 respectively. The through holes 96 the first group Q1 serve to attach the adapter 50 _{1 to} the connection flange 48 (see. 1 ).

Furthermore, from the 4A to recognize that on the first side wall 74 a first stop 98 and on the second side wall 76 a second stop 100 is attached. With these attacks 98 . 100 becomes the charge carrier 12 between the plate floor 80 and the attacks 98 . 100 fixed so that the charge carrier 12 especially not from the adapter 50 ₁ can fall out if the adapter 50 ₁ along the sector-shaped second section 20 the guiding column 14 is moved.

In 5 is a second embodiment of the adapter according to the invention 50 ₂ shown by a side view. The adapter 50 ₂ according to the second embodiment is substantially similar to that of the first embodiment, however, an extension portion 102 with the plate bottom 80 connected, which also allows longer charge carriers 12 safe in the adapter 50 ₂ can be included.

In 6 is a third embodiment of the adapter according to the invention 50 ₃ shown by a basic front view. In contrast to the first and second embodiments, the support section 78 not from a plate floor 80 but from a first role 104 on the first side wall 74 is arranged, and a second role 106 formed on the second side wall 76 is arranged. The roles 104 . 106 can be driven by means of a drive unit, not shown, so that a charge carrier 12 in the adapter 50 ₃ pulled in and out of it can be pushed out. In the third embodiment, the rear wall 86 with the joints 82 provided along which the side walls 74 . 76 can be moved towards and away from each other.

In 7 is a fourth embodiment of the adapter according to the invention 50 ₄ illustrated by a principal side view. The adapter 50 ₄ according to the fourth embodiment is substantially similar to that of the first embodiment (see 4A and 4B) , the plate bottom 80 without extension section 102 forward over the side walls 74 . 76 protrudes. In addition, on the first side wall 74 and on the second side wall 76 one extension call each 108 using a second group Q2 of through holes 96 connected. In this embodiment, the first stop 98 and the second stop 100 not on the side walls 74 . 76 but on the extension skids 108 attached. How out 7 can be seen, the extension skids 108 two second groups Q2 the through holes 96 on, leaving even more extension skids 108 to the extension runners shown 108 can be attached. With the extension skids 108 can the distance between the support section 78 and the attacks 98 . 100 be enlarged, so that higher charge carriers 12 in the adapter 50 ₄ can be included.

This in 8th illustrated fifth embodiment of the adapter 50 ₅ has a chute 110 for guiding the load when emptying the load carrier 12 on. In the fifth embodiment, the rear wall 86 a greater height than the side walls 74 . 76 up and therefore stands up over the side walls 74 . 76 about. The protruding part of the back wall 86 is part of the Schütteinrichtung 110 , Furthermore, the pouring device comprises 110 two movable on the side walls 74 . 76 fixed guide sections 112 with which a bulk rejuvenation 114 can be adjusted. On the protruding part of the back wall 86 are arcuate slots 116 provided by fasteners 118 be penetrated. The once set position of the guide sections 112 relative to the back wall 86 can with the fasteners 118 be fixed.

Furthermore, the adapter 50 ₅ according to the fifth embodiment, a drip pan 120 on, with which in particular liquids can be collected. Such liquids may be lubricants or coolants which are used in the manufacture of the cargo and only slowly detach from the load. The plate floor 80 is with drain holes 122 provided so that the liquid discharged from the load in the sump 120 can flow. The drip tray 120 is quickly detachable with the adapter 50 ₅ connected so that they are easily removed from the adapter 50 ₅ disconnected, emptied and again with the adapter 50 ₅ can be connected.

In the 9A is a first embodiment of a trolley according to the invention 124 ₁ on the basis of a principal side view and in 9B illustrated by a basic front view. The dolly 124 ₁ has in the first embodiment, a support means 125 With two first side members 126 and two second side members 128 on. Each distributed on four floors are on the first side support 126 six first carrier rolls per floor 132 and on the second side support 128 six second carrier rolls per floor 132 attached, the number of floors and the number of first and second carrier rolls 132 largely freely chosen.

The dolly 124 ₁ serves to accommodate the charge carriers 12 , The carrier rolls 132 can be driven by a drive unit, not shown, so that the charge carriers 12 at one end of a floor on the carrier rolls 132 can be placed and moved within this floor until they are in the desired position.

As in particular from the 9B As can be seen, the first and second carrier rolls 132 spaced apart from each other. The dolly 124 ₁ therefore has no continuous carrier roles. At least one of the side members 126 . 128 on the other hand is the side support 126 . 128 moving towards and away from it. For this purpose, the trolley 124 ₁ guide rods 134 on that are arranged so that they do not interfere with the charge carriers 12 collide. The distance between the side rails 126 . 128 is chosen to be substantially the length or width of the charge carriers 12 equivalent. The side supports 126 . 128 lead the charge carriers 12 inside the trolley 124 ₁ and thus ensure an appropriate alignment and security. Even if it is sufficient, only one of the side support 126 . 128 movable, it makes sense, the two side support 126 . 128 synchronized towards each other and away from each other. In this way it is ensured that the trolley 124 ₁ Evenly loaded and the risk of tipping over due to a one-sided loading is kept low.

The dolly 124 ₁ is with wheels 136 equipped so that the trolley 124 ₁ can be moved by an employee. In addition, the transport cart points 124 ₁ a positioning unit 138 on, with which the dolly 124 ₁ can be moved without the help of an employee, especially within the workshop and thus for in-house transport. This includes the trolley 124 ₁ a drive unit 140 , Furthermore, induction loops or the like may be laid in the floor of the workshop to the path along which the trolley 124 ₁ is to pretend.

In 10 is a second embodiment of the trolley 124 ₂ illustrated by a schematic representation. In this embodiment, the dolly 124 ₂ with a drip tray 142 equipped with which liquids or solids, which are used in the production of the cargoes and only slowly separate from the cargo, can be collected. In addition, the transport cart points 124 ₂ at least one extension section 144 on, which is arranged in the illustrated embodiment in the third floor. In this way, the capacity of the trolley 124 ₂ be enlarged. But it is also possible, the extension section 144 in particular for the support of the charge carriers 12 to be used at the handover. The transfer of the charge carriers 12 on the trolley 124 ₂ can be simplified due to better accessibility. In this case, the extension section 144 in the side carrier 126 . 128 be plugged. It can be provided that the extension section 144 between the different floors of the trolley 124 ₂ is movable.

Furthermore, the dolly 124 ₂ with a coupling device 146 equipped. With the coupling device 146 can the dolly 124 ₂ be coupled with a coupling partner. A coupling partner can, for example, the in 1 shown device 10 for moving load carriers 12 or an unrepresented further trolley 124 his. As mentioned, the device 10 the coupling element 54 on, which alone due to a corresponding positioning of the trolley 124 ₂ with the coupling device 146 can be coupled. The coupling device 146 and the coupling element 54 can be designed so that the trolley 124 ₂ in the coupled state is fixed in position and can not roll away. In addition, an electrically conductive contact between the coupling element 54 and the coupling device 146 be made in the coupled state, allowing electrical energy and electrical signals between the device 10 and the dolly 124 ₂ can be exchanged. In addition, pneumatic, electromagnetic and / or hydraulic connections 152 in the coupling device 146 and the coupling element 54 integrated, so that compressed air and / or hydraulic fluid and / or electrical energy can be transmitted.

In the 13A and 13B is an embodiment of the coupling element 54 and the coupling device 146 shown in more detail on the basis of a basic plan view. The coupling element 54 is with the bottom plate 16 the device 10 connected and points to a left edge 154 and a right edge 156 two recesses each 158 in which two corresponding projections 160 the coupling device 146 can be introduced. If the projections 160 in the recesses 158 are introduced, is the dolly 124 opposite the device 10 clearly positioned and aligned.

How out 10 shows, the trolley points 124 ₂ a number of receiving sections 162 on. At these receiving sections 162 a forklift, not shown here, can transport the trolley 124 ₂ grab, lift and drive through the workshop. The forklifts can drive autonomously themselves, so that in this way the trolley 1242 can be moved automatically, without requiring a trajectory 138 or a drive unit 140 needed. With the lifting can also be a 360 ° all-round visibility for not shown on the trolley 124 ₂ arranged position sensors, which is crucial for the smooth operation of driverless transport systems (FTS).

In the 11A and 11B is a third embodiment of the trolley according to the invention 124 ₃ each shown in a front view. In this embodiment, the trolley 124 ₃ a locking device 148 on, with which the charge carriers 12 in the dolly 124 ₃ are arranged, can be secured. The locking device 148 has a number of locking bars 15 on which at the side beams 126 . 128 are adjustably attached. In 11A is the locking device 148 in an open position, in which the locking bars 150 are vertically aligned so that the charge carriers 12 from the front or from the back on the trolley 124 ₃ be transported and removed from this again. In 11B is the locking device 148 in the locking position, in which the locking bar 150 are aligned horizontally so that they are the charge carriers 12 in the transport cart 124 ₃ to back up. Adjusting the locking bars 150 between the open position and the locking position can be done by means of a central, not shown lever, so that the adjustment can be done quickly and easily. Alternatively or cumulatively, the adjustment can also take place by means of a motor or actuating cylinder, not shown.

In 12 is as a mecanum wheel 164 executed wheel 136 shown by a perspective view. On the circumference of the Mecanum wheel 164 are several, in this case barrel-shaped rollers 166 at an angle of 45 degrees to the axis of rotation T of the entire Mecanum wheel 164 arranged and on mounting sections 168 rotatably mounted. Exclusively these roles 166 make contact with the ground. These roles 166 have no direct drive and can rotate freely around their inclined bearing axis. By means of the Mecanum wheels 164 can the dolly 124 whether by own drive or by an employee, omnidirectional be moved without a steering device is needed.

Referring to the 13B are the wheels 136 the track unit 138 as mecanum wheels 164 executed. Moreover, from the 13B to realize that the dolly 1242 a storage shelf 170 which is separate from the track 138 is executed. The storage shelf 170 includes the side supports 126 . 126 , the carrier rolls attached thereto 132 and the drip tray 142 , The storage shelf 170 For example, by means of a forklift, not shown, using the receiving portions 162 on the particular autonomously moving track 138 be turned off. The trajectory 138 can therefore be used for different storage shelves 166 be used.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

device

12

charge carrier

14

guide column

16

baseplate

18

first section

20

second part

22

subsection

24

boom

26

casing

28

carriage

30

bikes

32

driving means

34

support means

36

Chain, straps

38

first end

40

first pulley

42

second deflection roller

44

second end

46

elastic element

48

flange

49

free end

50,

50 ₁ to 50 ₅ adapter

52

baffle

54

coupling member

56

housing case

57

rolling surfaces

58

leg

60

safety bolt

62

pinion

64

Proppant guide roller

66

safety device

68

fuse element

70

biasing means

72

backstop

74

first sidewall

76

second side wall

78

bearing section

80

slab floor

82

Gap

84

adjustment

86

rear wall

88

sensor

90

read head

92

wall section

94

biasing means

96

Through Hole

98

first stop

100

second stop

102

Enhancements section

104

first role

106

second role

108

Verlängerungskufe

110

lifting device

112

guide section

114

bulk rejuvenation

116

Long hole

118

fastener

120

drip tray

122

drain hole

124

124 ₁ to 124 ₂ Dolly

125

support means

126

first side support

128

second side support

132

support role

134

guide rod

136

wheel

138

traversing

140

drive unit

142

drip tray

144

extension section

146

coupling device

148

locking device

150

Load bar

152

connections

154

left edge

156

right edge

158

recess

160

head Start

162

receiving portion

164

Mecano wheel

166

roll

168

attachment section

170

storage shelf

G1

first group

G2

second group

G3

third group

Q1

first group

Q2

second group

α

angle of rotation

P

arrow

T

axis of rotation

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 20216192 U1 [0004]
• DE 202017001339 U1 [0004, 0005]
• DE 102010040152 A1 [0004]
• US 8540038 B1 [0040]

Claims (32)

Device for moving charge carriers (12), in which a load can be introduced, comprising a guide column (14), a carriage (28) which is movable along the guide column (14) and with which at least one adapter (50) for receiving charge carriers (12) can be connected, - At least one along the guide column (14) extending support means (34), and - A in the carriage (28) arranged or cooperating with the carriage and by means of a drive device (32) drivable pinion (62) which engages for moving the carriage (28) along the guide column (14) positively in the support means (34). Device after Claim 1 , characterized in that the support means (34) is flexible and in particular as a chain (36) or as a belt (36) is formed. Device after Claim 2 , characterized in that the chain (36) or the belt at a first end (38) is fixedly connected to the device (10). Device after Claim 3 , characterized in that the chain (36) or the belt is connected to the device (10) at a second end (44) by means of an elastic element (46). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide column (14) has a substantially vertically extending first portion (18) and a circular sector-shaped second portion (20). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second section (20) has a free end (49), wherein in the region of the free end (49) a guide plate (52) for guiding the cargo when emptying from the charge carrier (12 ) is arranged. Device according to one of Claims 5 or 6 , characterized in that at least the first portion (18) of the guide column (14) comprises a number of identical subsections (22). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide column (14) in cross-section H-shaped, T-shaped or half-H-shaped. Device after Claim 8 , characterized in that the H-shaped or half-H-shaped configured guide column (14) has at least two mutually parallel legs (58), between which a number of securing bolts (60) is arranged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (10) has a cooperating with the carriage (28) or in the carriage (28) arranged safety device (66) which comprises a securing element (68), which in the case that the carriage (28) can no longer be supported on the support means (34), the carriage (28) on the guide column (14) determines. Device according to the Claims 2 . 9 and 10 or after the Claims 3 . 9 and 10 characterized in that the securing member (68) is biased against the chain (36) or belt by means of a biasing means (70) and, in the event that the chain (36) or belt breaks, the securing member (68) for locking of the carriage (28) on the guide column (14) interacts with at least one of the securing bolts (60). Adapter (50) for receiving charge carriers (12), which in particular with a carriage (28) of a device (10) according to one of Claims 1 to 11 is connectable, comprising - a first side wall (74) and a second side wall (76) which extend substantially parallel to each other, and - a support portion (78) on which at least one charge carrier (12) can be placed, wherein - at least one of Side walls (74, 76) to the other of the side walls (74, 76) and is movable away therefrom. Adapter after Claim 12 , characterized in that the adapter (50) comprises an adjusting device (84), with which at least one of the side walls (74, 76) relative to the other of the side walls (74, 76) is movable. Adapter according to one of the Claims 12 or 13 , characterized in that the adapter (50) comprises a sensor (88) for detecting the presence of a charge carrier (12) in the adapter (50) and / or in the immediate vicinity of the adapter (50). Adapter according to one of the Claims 12 to 14 , characterized in that the adapter (50) comprises a read head (90) for identifying and documenting the received charge carriers (12). Adapter according to one of the Claims 12 to 15 characterized in that the support portion (78) of at least a first roller (104) disposed on the first side wall (74), and at least one second roller (106) is formed, which is arranged on the second side wall (76). Adapter after Claim 16 , characterized in that the first roller (104) and / or the second roller (106) are driven. Adapter according to one of the Claims 12 to 15 , characterized in that the support portion (78) of a plate bottom (80) is formed. Adapter after Claim 18 , characterized in that an extension portion (102) with the plate bottom (80) is connectable. Adapter according to one of the Claims 12 to 19 , characterized in that at least one first stop (98) on the first side wall (74) and at least one second stop (100) on the second side wall (76) can be fastened. Adapter after Claim 20 , characterized in that in each case an extension runner (108) can be fastened to the first side wall (74) and to the second side wall (76), wherein the first stop (98) on the first extension runner (108) and the second stop (100) can be fastened to the second extension runner (108). Adapter in particular according to one of Claims 12 to 21 , characterized in that the adapter (50) has a chute (110) for guiding the cargo when emptying from the charge carrier (12). Adapter after Claim 22 , characterized in that the chute (110) has an adjustable and lockable bulk taper (114). Adapter in particular according to one of Claims 12 to 23 , characterized in that the adapter (50) has a collecting trough (120) for collecting liquids or solids. Transport trolley for receiving and transporting load carriers (12), comprising - A support means (125) having at least a first side support (126) and a second side support (128), and at least two first carrier rollers (132) fixed to the first side carrier (126) and at least two second carrier rollers (132) secured to the second side carrier (128) - At least one of the side support (126, 128) to the other of the side support (126, 128) and is movable away from it. Dolly after Claim 25 , characterized in that at least one of the carrier rollers (132) is drivable. Dolly especially after one of Claims 25 or 26 , characterized in that the transport carriage (124) has a traversing unit (138), with which the transport carriage (124) is movable. Dolly after Claim 27 , characterized in that the transport carriage (124) and in particular the track unit (138) comprises a number of wheels (136), which are designed as Mecanum wheels (164). Dolly especially after one of Claims 25 to 28 , characterized in that the transport carriage (124) has a collecting trough (142) for collecting liquids or solids. Dolly especially after one of Claims 25 to 29 , characterized in that at least one extension portion (144) to the trolley (124) is connectable. Dolly especially after one of Claims 25 to 30 , characterized in that the transport carriage (124) has a coupling device (146) for coupling the transport carriage (124) with a coupling partner. Dolly especially after one of Claims 25 to 31 , characterized in that the transport carriage (124) has a locking device (148) for securing the load carrier (12) in the transport carriage (124).

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