DE202016100061U1 - Construction machine with upper and undercarriage and drivable attachment - Google Patents

Abstract

Construction machine with top (1) and undercarriage (2), wherein - in the upper carriage (1) an engine (11) with hydraulic and power supply (13) is provided, - in the undercarriage (2) via at least one of the hydraulic supply ( Is provided on the undercarriage (2) a hydraulically liftable and lowerable dozer blade (23) on at least one end face (20) of the undercarriage (2), characterized in that a fourth hydraulic line pair (41) connected to the hydraulic supply (12) with hydraulic quick coupling (24) on the undercarriage near the dozer blade (23) and a quick change device (26) on the dozer blade (23) are provided on the quick change device (26) at the Dozer blade (23) of the undercarriage (2) hydraulically driven attachments (3) can be connected.

Description

The invention relates to a construction machine with upper and lower car, wherein in the superstructure an engine with hydraulic and power supply is provided in the undercarriage via at least one acted upon by the hydraulic supply chain drive hydraulic motor rotationally driven track drive is provided on the undercarriage and a quick-change device on at least one end face of the undercarriage is arranged.

Such construction machines are known as hydraulic excavators with a catenary and a 360 ° freely rotatable about a vertical axis superstructure. These hydraulic excavators have work equipment mounted on the uppercarriage with boom arm and bucket or bucket operable by various hydraulic cylinders. These very universally applicable construction machines are designed for a variety of dredging activities or adaptable to it.

Furthermore, it is known that such hydraulic excavators have a hydraulically actuated plow blade on their provided with a tracked undercarriage. Further, undercarriages are known with a tracked chassis, which have a quick-change device.

Furthermore, attachments for construction equipment or hydraulic excavators are known that allow additional functions in the soil, rubble or stone processing. These attachments are prepared so that they can be attached to a suitably provided quick release plate. These attachments require a hydraulic supply and possibly also a power supply. Accordingly, the attachments are always mounted on the quick release plate of the boom on the superstructure of the construction machine, as here a direct hydraulic supply is ensured via corresponding hydraulic quick couplings.

The disadvantage, however, is that, for example, when using a sieve shovel, the functional operations of this bucket attachment can always be performed only sequentially, namely recording of bulk material to be screened with the screen, pivoting to the position for dispensing the sieved bulk material, starting the screening process, after completion the screening process pouring out excess coarse material and re-uptake of bulk material to be sieved with the sieve shovel. Thus, the work progress is limited.

The object of the invention is therefore to design the above-mentioned construction machine so that the work activities on the boom mounted on the boom, for example, with a corresponding bucket, regardless of the activity in the attachment can be performed.

This object is achieved with a generic construction machine, characterized in that a connected to the hydraulic supply, fourth hydraulic line pair are provided with hydraulic quick coupling on the undercarriage near the dozer blade and a quick change device on the dozer blade, so that hydraulically driven attachments can be connected to the quick change device on the dozer blade of the undercarriage.

These hydraulically driven attachments can thus be attached to the quick-change device of the undercarriage and there also connect to the hydraulic supply via the corresponding quick coupling. Thus, an attachment attached there with hydraulic drive can be supplied by the hydraulic supply of the superstructure of the construction machine and exercise its activity, with a working device on the boom of the superstructure can work independently of this activity. For example, a hydraulically driven crusher bucket from the bucket of the superstructure of the construction machine can be loaded continuously and mince the filled debris parallel to the activity of the superstructure. Here, the bucket on 360 ° rotatable superstructure and according to his range of his jib and dipper stick to shredded bulk goods with his spoon and fill in the mounted on the dozer blade of the undercarriage crusher bucket. In parallel, the construction machine can drive continuously in one direction over her track drive, so that the debris crushed in the crusher bucket is placed evenly on the route of the construction machine. This arrangement can be used, for example, to create a mineral base course for road construction.

To ensure an independent hydraulic supply of the attachment to the undercarriage, a hydraulic through-drive is provided with at least four pairs of hydraulic lines for a rotatably mounted on the undercarriage about a vertical axis superstructure, namely a first and second pair for the two chain hydraulic motors of the track drive, a third hydraulic line pair for a Skimmer blade hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulically raisable and lowerable skimmer blade and the fourth pair of hydraulic lines for an attachment connected to the quick coupler. It is important that the technical functions of the individual activities for the attachment to the undercarriage, the propulsion of the undercarriage and the operation of the bucket attached to the bucket can be performed independently and simultaneously in parallel.

For construction equipment with hydraulically raisable and lowerable dozer blade then a total of four pairs of hydraulic lines are required, namely two pairs of hydraulic lines for the two chain drive hydraulic motors of the track drive, a hydraulic line pair for aheb- and lowerable blade and a fourth hydraulic line pair for hydraulic supply via the hydraulic quick coupling on the quick-change device on Undercarriage for the hydraulically driven attachment. These four pairs of hydraulic lines are guided via an appropriately designed rotary feedthrough in the vertical axis between the upper and lower car. In addition, a further line for receiving any leak oil may be provided. In this embodiment, the rotary feedthrough would have in a cylindrical receptacle in radial planes at least nine superimposed annular grooves, wherein in the cylindrical receptacle, a matching piston is rotatably inserted about the vertical axis, which would correspond to the position of at least nine annular grooves corresponding line access. The grooves are separated from each other by suitable seals. The lowest annular groove is provided in this design for collecting leak oil. Preferably, the through drive has 10 annular grooves.

If the fourth hydraulic line pair in the superstructure is assigned an operating unit with linearly actuatable hydraulic valve for power reduction, the attachment connected to the fourth pair of hydraulic lines can sensitive to the driver of the construction machine from the cab in the superstructure independent of the other hydraulic loads, eg. From the tracked or hydraulic cylinders of the boom be pressed.

In a further embodiment, it is advantageous if a to the power supply of the electrical system, for. B. 12 V DC, connected electrical cable pair is provided with electrical quick coupling on the undercarriage near the dozer blade, so that can be connected to the quick-change device on the dozer blade of the undercarriage electrically powered or controlled attachments. Thus, attachments to be powered or controlled to be coupled to the quick-change device can also be electrically contacted.

In order to transmit the electrical signals from the superstructure with its engine and power supply to the quick-change device on the undercarriage, an electrical contact on the hydraulic drive is provided for a rotatably mounted on the undercarriage about a vertical axis superstructure. Advantageously, the electrical contacts rotary grinding contacts with two contact paths for the supply voltage and two contact paths for a CAN bus. Thus, the superstructure can be arbitrarily rotated on the undercarriage and transmitted via the two-pole CAN bus a variety of actuation commands and / or measured values between the upper and lower carriage.

When the electrical quick connector and the hydraulic quick connector are combined in a common male / female arrangement, the hydraulic and electrical supply of a mounted attachment can be quickly achieved via a plug connection in the common male / female arrangement. A change of an attachment is thus quickly and easily at hand. Furthermore, permutations of lines and thus incorrect operations are avoided.

As attachments which can be coupled to the quick-change device of the construction machine, all attachments with hydraulic drive and / or electrical control are suitable. Preferably, the attachment is a screen bucket, a concrete mixing bucket, a crusher bucket or a slot machine, which are hydraulically and / or electrically driven. Furthermore, conceivable attachments for attaching to the dozer blade are: trencher, wheel cutter, vibrating plate, asphalt cutter, concrete saw, asphalt saw, forest mulcher, garden shakers, plow driver, vibrating roller, asphalt paver, snow blower, sweeper and curb extruder.

By having the bucket with a bucket housing and a screen or flail shaft rotatably driven by an implement hydraulic motor, the implement hydraulic motor being supplied by the hydraulic supply via the hydraulic quick coupler, the screen or flail shaft of the bucket can be actuated by the hydraulic supply in the superstructure of the construction machine be controlled by the arranged there at the driver's control valves.

In that the concrete mixing blade has a blade housing and a mixing auger rotatably driven by an attachment hydraulic motor, the hydraulic attachment motor being supplied by the hydraulic supply via the hydraulic quick coupling, the mixing screw of the concrete mixing blade can be actuated by the hydraulic supply in the superstructure of the construction machine and placed there at the driver's station Valves are controlled.

The fact that the crusher bucket a blade housing and a therein of a Implement Hydraulic Motor Rotary jaw crusher with eccentric shaft, where the hydraulic power unit is supplied by the hydraulic supply via the hydraulic quick coupling, the jaw crusher with eccentric shaft can be actuated by the hydraulic supply in the superstructure of the construction machine and controlled by the valves arranged there at the driver's station.

Characterized in that the splitting machine has a log holder with a hydraulically driven Stammvortriebseinrichtung, a hydraulically driven capping device and a downstream hydraulic splitting device, the Stammvortriebseinrichtung, capping and splitting device are supplied by the hydraulic supply via the hydraulic quick coupling and control pulses via the electric quick coupling to the splitter can be transferred , Firewood can be made in an attached to a construction machine attachment, wherein on the boom of the upper carriage, a gripping tool is mounted to supply, for example, to be split tree trunks to the attachment and / or dissipate split logs. The operation of the automatic splitter is carried out via an electric remote control of the cab of the construction machine, wherein the control signals is converted to the attachment via electromagnetically operated proportional valves in hydraulic actuation commands.

According hydraulically driven implements are thus mounted on the chain drive guided undercarriage at a there arranged quick-change plate (quick-change device) and supplied directly from the hydraulic supply of the superstructure via a complementary hydraulic line pair with hydraulic quick coupling. For the working method with a suitably equipped construction machine, it is thus advantageously possible that an attached to the undercarriage of the attachment works continuously, for example, sieves filled in the bottom, the spoon on the boom on the freely rotatable by 360 ° upper carriage of the construction machine spoon always picks up new ground and in the attachment, here a screen bucket, fills. The work efficiency is thus significantly increased.

If the quick-change device on the dozer blade consists of two cutouts on the upper edge of the dozer blade with molded horizontally oriented pipe section and two attached hooks are provided on the attachment, the hooks are hooked on the pipe sections in the two cutouts, a simple design of a quick-change device is indicated which works reliably in rough everyday use.

In order to prevent unintentional disconnection of the device from the blade, securing hooks are provided on the hooks of the attachment, which lock after hooking into the pipe sections behind these pipe sections for securing.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It shows:

1 a schematic view of a construction machine with attachment,

2 a quick change device in detail and

3 An attachment with tilting sieve shovel.

In 1 is a construction machine with a superstructure 1 and an undercarriage 2 shown. On the undercarriage 2 is a chain drive 21 arranged, which has spaced in track width to each other two circulating chains, each of a chain drive hydraulic motor 22 are rotationally driven. Through the side view of 1 is just one side of the track drive 21 visible, noticeable.

In the superstructure 1 is an engine 11 , usually a diesel engine, a hydraulic supply 12 arranged with a hydraulic oil reservoir, a pressure-generating hydraulic pump and a hydraulic distribution. Furthermore, the uppercarriage 1 a power supply 13 for a 12 V electrical system, which includes a generator and corresponding electrical distribution lines. The hydraulic pump of the hydraulic supply 12 as well as the generator of the power supply 13 be from the engine 11 directly rotationally driven. Furthermore, in the superstructure 1 a cab 14 arranged in which a control unit 15 is arranged with control valves for controlling the individual hydraulic components of the construction machine. The excavator operator can thus leave the cab 14 via the control valves 15 Move and control the excavator.

Furthermore, the uppercarriage 1 a working equipment 5 on. The working equipment 5 consists in the illustrated embodiment of a via a first hydraulic cylinder 51 swiveling boom 50 pivotally hinged thereto and a second hydraulic cylinder 52 swiveling dipper stick 54 , at its free end in turn pivotally via a third hydraulic cylinder 53 hinged spoon 55 is appropriate. The three hydraulic cylinders 51 . 52 and 53 are each via assigned hydraulic line pairs 40 with the hydraulic supply 12 connected. The hydraulic cylinders 51 . 52 and 53 and thus the operation of the spoon 55 are via associated control valves 15 the operating unit in the driver's cab 14 operated by the excavator operator.

The superstructure 1 is about a vertical axis Z (in 1 dash-dotted lines shown) rotatable on the undercarriage 2 stored. At this point there is a hydraulic drive 4 , the hydraulic connections between the hydraulic supply 12 in the superstructure 1 and consumers in the undercarriage 2 provides. Here are in the undercarriage 2 in the illustrated embodiment, two hydraulic line pairs 40 to the two chain drive hydraulic motors 22 provided. A third hydraulic line pair 40 is for the hydraulic cylinder of a dozer blade 23 in the undercarriage 2 provided (in 1 not shown). Further, a fourth hydraulic line pair 41 provided to one at an end face of the undercarriage 2 near the dozer blade 23 arranged quick-change device 26 introduce and there a hydraulic quick coupling 24 having. In addition to through the hydraulic drive 4 guided hydraulic line pairs 40 . 41 is also an electrical contact 44 provided so in the undercarriage 2 also an electrical cable pair 45 is provided. The electrical cable pair 45 leads to an electrical quick coupling 25 which also close to the quick-change device 26 is arranged and preferably combined with the hydraulic quick coupling in a male / female arrangement. Particularly preferred for data transmission on this pair of electrical lines a so-called CAN bus system is used, which is a recognized serial 2-wire bus system in automotive engineering.

At this quick-change device 26 is a hydraulically driven attachment 3 stated. In the illustrated embodiment, it is in the attachment 3 around a sieve shovel 31 , in the 1 is shown in partially cut representation. The sieve shovel 31 has a blade housing 32 for receiving bulk material to be screened, for example excavated earth, etc. At the bottom of the blade housing 32 are four sieving or flail waves 34 arranged parallel to each other, that of an attachment hydraulic motor 33 be driven in rotation. The implement hydraulic motor 33 has a hydraulic line 35 with a hydraulic quick-release coupling attached to the hydraulic quick-action coupling 24 in the common plug / socket arrangement on the undercarriage 2 is detachable. Thus, the implement hydraulic motor 33 and the screen or flail shafts driven thereby 34 from the hydraulic supply 12 in the superstructure 1 via the driver's cab 14 and the control valve provided therein in the operating unit 15 controllable.

In 2 is in a side view, one on a blade 23 via an ensprechende quick-change device 26 mounted attachment 3 shown. The attachment 3 has two consoles 36 from, in the side view according to 2 only one is shown. At the top of the console 36 is a catch 37 trained in a cutout 28 at the upper edge of the dozer blade 23 over one there horizontally along the upper edge of the dozer blade 23 attached pipe section 27 is hooked. At the downstream ends of the two consoles 36 is the sieve shovel 31 of the attachment 3 anchored. To accidentally disconnect the attachment 3 from the quick-change device 26 on the blade 23 It is also in the area of the hook 37 a safety lever 38 provided, for example, spring loaded after hooking the attachment 3 on the blade 23 in a latching position, as in 2 shown, jumps.

In 3 is the attachment 3 according to 2 in a view in the direction of travel on the attachment 3 shown. The attachment 3 in this case has a sieve shovel 31 with a tilting device 39 on, so that the sieve shovel 31 can be emptied by tilting about a pivot axis.

Hereinafter, the operation of the construction machine according to the invention with reference to the embodiment according to 1 described.

The construction machine in the embodiment according to 1 Thus, it can handle all common functions of tracked hydraulic excavators with its standard work equipment 5 To run. In particular, with the boom 50 arranged spoons 55 Bulk material, for example, soil taken up and returned. By providing an attachment 3 at one on the undercarriage 2 arranged quick-change device 26 on the blade 23 can there a sieve shovel 31 be held so that the excavator operator in his cab 14 his earthworks with the usual work equipment 5 and the spoon mounted on it 55 carry out and if necessary excavation from the bucket 55 directly into the sieve shovel 31 can enter, so this excavation in the sieve shovel 31 over the sieve or flail waves 34 is screened. With this combination it is thus possible that the sieve shovel 31 parallel to those with the work equipment 5 on the superstructure 1 executable standard earthworks, which means a significant increase in efficiency.

In one embodiment according to 2 and 3 can the attachment 3 with little handling on the blade 23 of the undercarriage 2 attached to the construction machine and also removed again. The attachment 3 is by means of the console 36 trained hook 37 from the on the blade 23 trained quick-change device 26 (Pipe section 27 in the clipping 27 ) and by means of safety lever 38 locked. Conversely, after pre-release of the safety lever 38 the attachment by lowering the dozer blade 23 from the quick-change device 26 be decoupled.

In the illustrated embodiment according to 3 is the sieve shovel 31 about a pivot axis, which is aligned in the direction of travel to the in 3 shown tilting K formed tiltable to in the screen blade 31 to be able to dump collected coarse bodies. This is necessary, for example, from time to time if non-dissolving coarse material has accumulated in the sieve shovel.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

superstructure

11

combustion engine

12

hydraulic supply

13

power supply

14

cab

15

Control unit, control valve

2

undercarriage

21

Chain drive

22

Chain drive hydraulic motor

23

Planierschild

24

hydraulic quick coupling

25

electric quick coupling

26

Quick change device

27

pipe section

28

neckline

3

attachment

31

Siebschaufel

32

blade casing

33

Attachment hydraulic motor

34

Sieve or flail shaft

35

hydraulic line

36

console

37

hook

38

safety lever

39

tilting

4

hydraulic drive-through

40

Hydraulic line pair

41

fourth hydraulic line pair

44

electrical contact

45

electrical cable pair

5

working equipment

50

boom

51

first hydraulic cylinder

52

second hydraulic cylinder

53

third hydraulic cylinder

54

dipper

55

spoon

K

tilting

Z

vertical axis of rotation

Claims (14)

Construction machine with upper ( 1 ) and undercarriage ( 2 ), whereby - in the superstructure ( 1 ) an engine ( 11 ) with hydraulic and power supply ( 13 ), - in the undercarriage ( 2 ) via at least one of the hydraulic supply ( 12 ) chain drive hydraulic motor ( 22 ) Rotary Chain Drive ( 21 ), - on the undercarriage ( 2 ) a hydraulically raisable and lowerable dozer blade ( 23 ) on at least one end face ( 20 ) of the undercarriage ( 2 ), characterized in that one at the hydraulic supply ( 12 ) connected, fourth hydraulic line pair ( 41 ) with hydraulic quick coupling ( 24 ) on the undercarriage near the dozer blade ( 23 ) and a quick-change device ( 26 ) on the dozer blade ( 23 ) are provided so that at the quick-change device ( 26 ) on the dozer blade ( 23 ) of the undercarriage ( 2 ) hydraulically driven attachments ( 3 ) are connectable. Construction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that for one on the undercarriage ( 2 ) about a vertical axis (Z) rotatably mounted superstructure ( 1 ) a hydraulic drive ( 4 ) with at least four pairs of hydraulic lines ( 40 . 41 ), namely, a first and second pair for the two chain hydraulic motors of the track drive, a third hydraulic line pair for a hydraulic dough blade hydraulic cylinder of the hydraulically liftable and lowerable blade ( 23 ) and the fourth hydraulic line pair ( 41 ) for a on the quick-change device ( 26 ) attached attachment ( 3 ). Construction machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fourth hydraulic line pair ( 41 ) in the uppercarriage ( 1 ) an operating unit ( 15 ) is associated with the power reduction linearly actuated hydraulic valve. Construction machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that one at the power supply ( 13 ) connected electrical line pair ( 45 ) with electric quick coupling ( 25 ) on the undercarriage ( 2 ) near the dozer blade ( 23 ) is provided so that at the quick-change device ( 26 ) on the dozer blade ( 23 ) of the undercarriage ( 2 ) to be supplied or controlled electrically ( 3 ) are connectable. Construction machine according to claim 4, characterized in that for one on the undercarriage ( 2 ) about a vertical axis (Z) rotatably mounted superstructure ( 1 ) an electrical contact ( 44 ) on the hydraulic drive ( 4 ) is provided. Construction machine according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the electrical contacts have rotary grinding contacts with two contact tracks for the supply voltage and two contact tracks for a CAN bus. Construction machine according to claim 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the electrical quick coupling ( 25 ) and the hydraulic quick coupling ( 24 ) are combined in a common plug / socket arrangement. Construction machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the attachment ( 3 ) is hydraulically driven and a screen blade ( 31 ), a concrete mixing blade, a crusher blade or a splitter. Construction machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the sieve shovel ( 31 ) a blade housing ( 32 ) and one of a hydraulic implement motor ( 33 ) rotary screen or flail shaft ( 34 ), whereby the hydraulic attachment motor ( 33 ) from the hydraulic supply ( 12 ) via the hydraulic quick coupling ( 24 ) is supplied. Construction machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the concrete mixing bucket comprises a bucket housing and therein an attachment hydraulic motor ( 33 ) has a rotary mixing auger, with the attached hydraulic motor ( 33 ) from the hydraulic supply ( 12 ) via the hydraulic quick coupling ( 24 ) is supplied. Construction machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the breaker blade comprises a blade housing and an implement therein by an hydraulic motor ( 33 ) has a rotary eccentric shaft jaw crusher, the hydraulic attachment motor ( 33 ) from the hydraulic supply ( 12 ) via the hydraulic quick coupling ( 24 ) is supplied. Construction machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the splitting machine has a log holder with a hydraulically driven stem advancing device, a hydraulically driven capping device and a downstream hydraulic splitting device, wherein the stem advancing device, capping device and splitting device of the hydraulic supply ( 12 ) via the hydraulic quick coupling ( 24 ) and control pulses via the electrical quick coupling ( 25 ) are transferable to the slot machine. Construction machine according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the quick-change device ( 26 ) on the dozer blade ( 23 ) consists of two cutouts on the upper edge of the dozer blade with molded horizontal aligned pipe section and on the attachment ( 3 ) Two adapted hooks are provided, wherein the hooks are hooked over the pipe sections in the two cutouts. Construction machine according to claim 13, characterized in that on the hook of the attachment ( 3 ) Locking lever are provided, which lock after hooking into the pipe sections behind these pipe sections for securing.

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