DE202016000501U1 - Energy guiding chain or cable routing device with electrical wear detection - Google Patents

Abstract

Energy supply chain with electrical wear detection, wherein the energy supply chain comprises a number of chain links forming a channel for the protected guidance of lines, such as cables, hoses or the like, between a first terminal end and a relatively movable second terminal end, wherein adjacent chain links in the longitudinal direction each hinged together are comprising a device for detecting wear in a critical region of at least one chain link, for. B. by wear, cracking and / or fatigue failure, characterized in that the device comprises a transponder, which is arranged on the at least one chain link or on an adjacent other chain link, and at least one cooperating with the transponder detector element, which at the at least a chain link is arranged, wherein the detector element changes the behavior of the transponder at a predetermined extent of wear in the critical region, so that this wear-related change is wirelessly recognizable.

Description

The invention generally relates to active cable guides with an electrical wear detection. It relates in particular to plastic cable drag chains or comparable plastic cable guide units. The invention also relates to a system, a method and a detection module for wear detection.

Generic cable guides are known to protect at least one line between a fixed and a movable connection point. Typically, the routing takes on several different types of lines. A common example is so-called energy drag chains.

Cable drag chains consist of a number of chain links with opposite side flaps, at least some of which are interconnected via one or two transverse webs and are typically held parallel to each other. In cross section, they form a channel for guiding the cables, hoses or the like inside the chain links. The adjacent chain links are each hinged together in pairs in the longitudinal direction.

The individual chain links can be composed of several individual parts made of plastic, as for example in the patents DE 3531066 C2 or EP 0 803 032 B1 described. The chain links can also be made in one piece. In a frequent embodiment, the adjacent side flaps are pivotally connected to each other by hinges, for example of the type bolt / bore, and can thus be pivoted or angled to each other up to a predetermined maximum angle.

In a further example of a generic power transmission chain made of plastic parts, the individual chain links are connected by elastically flexible hinge elements hinged together, as in the patent EP 1 381 792 B1 disclosed.

In an alternative embodiment of generic cable guides instead of hingedly interconnected chain links at least partially integrally manufactured segments can be flexibly connected to each other. Such line guide units in which adjacent segments are flexibly connected to one another in the longitudinal direction by a film-hinge-like connection and can be bent relative to one another are known, for example, from the patent applications WO 98/48645 A1 or WO 90/41284 A1 or from the patent US 3,473,769 previously known. Such in whole or in part in one piece made of plastic cable management units are particularly suitable for less demanding applications with short guide length and / or cost-effective production in large series.

In the case of generic cable guides, in particular cable drag chains or section-wise one-piece cable routing units, a failure of the cable routing can occur after exceeding the intended service life due to excessive wear or also due to improper use. This also applies to cable guides made of high-quality plastics, although they may well have a longer service life than cable guides with chain links made of metal.

Typically, energy drag chains and wire guide units are designed so that the articulated or flexible connection between the individual members or segments is very durable and have beyond the expected life of the other elements of the members or segments beyond life. In other words, there is usually a break within the chain links before the connection breaks.

In the event of a breakdown due to chain breakage, there is a risk that the routed cables will be damaged as they are no longer sufficiently protected. In addition, due to excessive wear and the intended operation can be thwarted, for example, when excessively worn chain parts interlock or block each other.

For this reason, it has long been the case with cable runs to monitor the routing using suitable monitoring systems and to be able to detect a break in the routing at an early stage and to avoid it in good time.

A monitoring system is from the patent application WO 2004/090375 A1 known. In one embodiment, forces acting on individual chain links are measured and monitored by means of sensors, in particular strain gauges. In any case, a break in the energy supply chain can be detected immediately. An alternative sensor design for such a monitoring system is, for example, from the patent application WO 2013/156607 A1 previously known.

Another system for detecting a break of an energy chain is the patent application WO 2015/118143 A1 previously known. In the event of a chain break, a pull rope is triggered, so that only the break of the energy chain is detected electromechanically. It is desirable in many applications, even before a Fracture failure of the wiring to detect excessive wear in a timely and reliable manner.

The aforementioned systems are very well suited for triggering an emergency stop when a failure of the energy supply chain or cable management unit has occurred. So u. a. Damage to the guided lines can be avoided. In part, the former systems are able to indicate an imminent failure even before a break. For this purpose, however, the systems are only partially suitable, quite expensive in construction and require z. T. significant or costly changes to the design wiring itself, so retrofitting existing wiring appears difficult.

For wear detection, for example, from the published patent application DE 196 47 322 A1 an energy guiding chain is known in which the chain links have a layer structure with two differently colored plastics. If a first layer of plastic has been removed, a different colored second layer becomes visible, which makes the exceeding of the permissible wear limit visually recognizable to the user. Detection is, however, only possible with constant inspection by operating personnel and therefore not very reliable.

A further development in this regard is in the published patent application DE 103 46 486 A1 proposed. In an exemplary embodiment regarded as the closest prior art DE 103 46 486 A1 the energy supply chain is equipped with an electro-technical wear detection. For this purpose, the device for detecting wear in one embodiment, a detector line which is guided on at least one chain link close to an outer surface or emerges there, so that a line section causes a line interruption in the critical area. Basically, this operation would be transferable to the detection of fatigue failure, including the DE 103 46 486 A1 respectively. EP 1 521 015 A2 in another example ( 9 - 10 ) proposes a break detection.

A first object of the present invention is thus to propose a solution for detecting wear, which can be implemented inexpensively in large series or applications with a large number of active cable guides. The solution should be accompanied by as little change as possible to the design of existing cable routing and allow fully automatic early detection, for example in high-availability applications or so-called zero-downtime applications.

Generic power transmission chains have a number of chain links comprises, which form a channel for the protected guidance of one or more lines, such as cables, hoses or the like, between a first terminal end and a relatively movable second terminal end, wherein adjacent chain links are each hinged together in the longitudinal direction. Also within the scope of the invention are cable routing units, which are made over at least one longitudinal section or completely in one piece, with segments corresponding to the functional chain links. The segments form a channel for the protected guidance of one or more lines. Adjacent segments are each connected flexibly in the longitudinal direction, z. B. in the manner of a film hinge. As line management units in particular so-called. Band Chains come into consideration.

For both types of active line guides, we propose a device for detecting wear in a critical area of at least one chain link or segment which, for the purpose of automation, has an electrotechnical operating principle. Under wear here is generally understood any, especially use-related, usually unwanted change in the wiring, in particular abrasion-related wear, but also the formation of fine cracks and / or a fatigue break, z. Due to material fatigue or overstressing. Such cracks usually propagate and lead to fatigue fracture.

According to one aspect of the invention, in order to solve the first-mentioned object, it is proposed that the device has at least one transponder which is arranged on the at least one chain link or segment or on an adjacent other chain link or segment and at least one for each transponder the transponder cooperating detector element which is arranged on the first-mentioned, to be monitored chain link or segment.

Furthermore, the invention provides that the detector element changes the behavior of the transponder at a predetermined extent of wear in the critical region, so that this wear-related change can be detected wirelessly.

Transponders suitable for this solution are already available at very low unit costs. The inventive solution avoids the need to wire a plurality of individual sensors based on the wireless detectability on the one hand in combination with the arrangement of the transponder or directly on or near the monitored chain link, such as. B. according to WO 2004/090375 A1 , This reduces the Material costs and the amount of work to equip the wiring each application-specific with the detection arrangement.

The predetermined amount of wear, in comparison to the new condition, may in particular be an abrasion-related wear limit or a change of state which impairs the intended serviceability beyond an acceptable level.

Each transponder preferably has exactly one detector element or, for a transponder, a number n of detector elements are arranged on n adjacent chain links or segments which, if appropriate, each act on the common transponder via a relatively short detector line. The number n should, however, remain as small as possible, otherwise again wiring complexity arises. If necessary, detector cables can be partially picked up by the cable routing itself.

The change of the transponder behavior detectable by a reading device or a transceiver can be realized in many different ways, in particular as an electrotechnically measurable parameter change. Particularly easy to implement z. As a line interruption or a short circuit, which affects the operational readiness of the transponder, in particular adjusts or switches off. It can, for. B. the circuit topology can be modified by the critical wear, or an electrotechnically measurable or functionally relevant parameters such. B. the impedance values (AC resistance values) of a resonant circuit in the transponder, etc., to be changed. Decisive for the principle is that the transponder as an indicator for wear detection a recognizable other behavior when reaching or exceeding the permissible level of wear, and this can be detected by wireless or wireless. So z. B. lead via a detector line to the or the critical areas a line break the behavior change. It can, for. B. also be a part of the transponder antenna itself exposed to wear in the critical area.

An n: 1 relation with n detector elements per transponder is possible either for more reliable detection on the same segment or chain link or for monitoring of up to n links or segments.

In an easily retrofittable embodiment, the transponder and the cooperating detector element are integrated in a recognition module, which is designed in particular for attachment to a chain link or segment to be monitored. The dimensions of the module are in this case preferably significantly smaller than the side surface of the chain link or segment. The detection module is arranged on the at least one chain link to be monitored such that the detector element lies in the critical area. For this purpose, the chain links or segments z. B. have prefabricated recordings or recesses.

According to a further aspect independent of the first aspect, the invention also relates to a recognition module (according to claim 24) for upgrading or retrofitting a cable routing with an electrical wear detection, comprising a transponder whose behavior, in particular radio behavior, can be changed as a result of wear. In an embodiment which is particularly suitable for retrofitting, the module comprises a carrier or housing with a transponder having an antenna, and a region of the carrier or housing which is separate therefrom, in which a detector element is arranged in the manner of a predetermined breaking point, which in case of wear-induced fracture Behavior of the transponder changes. The carrier may, for. B. represent a flexible self-adhesive label. As a housing comes z. B. a Harzverguss a conventional transponder with an application-adapted additional detector element into consideration. The module housing can also be cast together with a radio circuit in the injection molding, for example in the IMCS process (integrated metal injection molding plastic).

In one embodiment of both aspects, the transponder and the cooperating detector element are integrated in a recognition module, wherein the recognition module can be arranged on the at least one chain link or segment to be monitored or is that the detector element lies in the predetermined critical area to be monitored.

In one embodiment, a number of chain links or segments in a wear-prone longitudinal section of the cable guide each have at least one recognition module, preferably a recognition module on each side flap. This also allows for heavy prediction of the wear-prone chain link or segment and / or at a certain error rate of the transponder, z. A certain false-positive or false-negative rate for very low-priced passive transponders, reliable detection.

The recognition element preferably interacts with the transponder in terms of circuitry. It may be connected as a separate component to the transponder, so that the tripping behavior can be selected as desired, or designed as an existing component of the transponder, which minimizes manufacturing costs.

In a simple embodiment, the detector element is designed as a line section of a detector line which extends in the critical region, for. B. is exposed to the predetermined extent of wear similar to a predetermined breaking point, and be interrupted at the predetermined extent of wear. Depending on the circuit arrangement, the interruption can prevent the operational readiness of the transponder and / or restore it first or again.

In one variant, the operational readiness is set or released depending on the wear, d. H. As it were, the transponder turns on, the transponder has an antenna which is shorted in the new state of the wiring via the detector element. This allows the detector element to be designed to open the short circuit at the predetermined amount of wear and thus release the antenna function.

Alternatively, the transponder may be taken out of service if the detector element is implemented as part of the antenna itself, which runs in the critical area such that the antenna is interrupted or rendered inoperative at the predetermined degree of wear.

In particular but not exclusively for self-sufficient from the radio power supplied or passive transponder configurations, it is advantageous if the antenna is designed as an induction coil or comprises an induction coil. However, dipole antennas are also possible, especially for higher frequency ranges, such systems generally having active transponders with their own power supply.

An induction coil as an antenna can be part of a resonant circuit in the transponder, in particular in the case of passive transponders, which, as the absorption circuit or vibration absorber, causes a change in the electromagnetic field at the resonance frequency measured by the reader or transceiver due to resonance absorption. For this purpose, the frequency sweep method is known, in which the reading device varies the frequency over a range around the resonant frequency, ie "wobbled" to detect the field collapse at resonance by the transponder. Corresponding transponder circuits, so-called EAS tags, which were originally developed for the theft of goods are z. In the early patents US 3,810,147 or US 3,500,373 described. In such systems, the transponder are extremely inexpensive to produce, for. B. as adhesive labels, these essentially consist only of the resonant circuit with the induction coil and a capacitor. In addition, the readers consume very little electrical power in these systems.

• – Transponder in Form der o. g. RF(Radiofrequenz)-LC-Resonanzschwingkreise (sog. RF-Systeme, z. B. von der Fa. Checkpoint Systems http://us.checkpointsystems.com/ oder Agon Systems: http://www.agon-systems.com), z. B. bei 8,2 MHz Grundfrequenz des Generators: diese sind sehr preiswert und energieeffizient bei kurzer bis mittlerer Reichweite (remote coupling Bereich: bis einige Meter);
• – Transponder zur Frequenz-Vervielfachung im Mikrowellenbereich, welche Harmonische der Generatorfrequenz erzeugen, typischerweise im Mikrowellenbereich, z. B. anhand einer Dipolantenne mit Kapazitätsdiode: diese erzeugen Wesentliche keine Fehlerkennung bzw. Fehlalarme bei hoher Reichweite (long range, bis über 10 m);
• – Transponder als Frequenzteiler im Langwellenbereich, z. B. zwischen ca. 90–140 kHz, mit einem Mikrochip und einer Schwingkreisspule: mit ebenfalls geringer Fehlerquote;
• – Transponder für das elektro-magnetische Verfahren (EM-Verfahren) im NF-Bereich bis ca. 22 kHz, welche eine periodische Ummagnetisierung eines weichmagnetischen Metalls erfassen: diese eignen sich für Leitungsführungen mit im Wesentlichen aus Metall hergestellten Kettengliedern, haben jedoch eine gewisse Fehlerquote (typ. ca. 25–30%) und eine kurze Reichweite (bis ca. 2 m);
• – Transponder für das akusto-magnetische Verfahren (AM-Verfahren) basierend auf dem Prinzip der Magnetostriktion, z. B. bei 58 kHz von der Fa. Sensormatic (http://www.sensormatic.com): welche eine mittlere bis große Reichweite bis ca. 20 m bei geringer Fehlerquote aber sehr hohem Energieverbrauch haben.

For large numbers, passive transponders, in particular so-called 1-bit transponders or single-bit transponders are suitable, ie transponders which convey only the information "transponder in the work area: yes" or "transponder in the work area: no" (therefore 1 -Bit). Suitable transponder configurations are, in particular:

• Transponder in the form of the above-mentioned RF (radio frequency) LC resonant circuits (so-called RF systems, eg from the Checkpoint Systems http://us.checkpointsystems.com/ or Agon Systems: http: // www .agon-systems.com), e.g. For example, at 8.2 MHz base frequency of the generator: these are very inexpensive and energy efficient with short to medium range (remote coupling range: up to several meters);
• Transponder for frequency multiplication in the microwave range, which generate harmonics of the generator frequency, typically in the microwave range, z. B. using a dipole antenna with capacitance diode: these produce essentials no false detection or false alarms at high range (long range, to about 10 m);
• - Transponder as a frequency divider in the long wave range, z. B. between about 90-140 kHz, with a microchip and a resonant circuit coil: also with low error rate;
• Transponder for the electro-magnetic method (EM method) in the LF range up to about 22 kHz, which detect a periodic remagnetization of a soft magnetic metal: these are suitable for wiring with chain links made essentially of metal, but have a certain error rate (typically about 25-30%) and a short range (up to about 2 m);
• Transponder for the acousto-magnetic method (AM method) based on the principle of magnetostriction, z. B. at 58 kHz from the company. Sensormatic (http://www.sensormatic.com): which have a medium to long range to about 20 m with low error rate but very high energy consumption.

Passive transponder of o. G. Types of construction can be eliminated or rendered ineffective (eg, unusable or completely destroyed), in particular by wear. B. by a functionally relevant component is arranged as a predetermined breaking point in the critical area as a detector element.

For passive transponders with significant error rate, it is advantageous to build a system with a number of redundant transponder. Redundancy makes it possible to signal excessive wear only when several or all independent transponders are not Give return signal. Thus, with sufficiently independent arrangement, for. For example, by spatial variation, the false alarm risk can be reduced to a negligible probability.

As an alternative to passive single-bit transponders, according to a further aspect, the transponder can be embodied as a passive or active RFID transponder, with a microchip storing an identification information or identifier. In this case, the transponder preferably has an antenna for wireless communication in the IFM band, which may require a regulatory approval, even with larger transmission powers for longer ranges.

Active RFID transponders allow longer ranges of wireless monitoring z. Eg for cable routing with long travel (>> 2 m). The power supply of the active RFID transponder or can be done via a guided in the cable supply line. Preferably, a single two-wire line possibly feeds all active RFID transponders, so that the wiring and production costs remain manageable.

The identification information of a passive or active "real" RFID transponder can be queried via the reader. Thus, for example, a plausibility check, a localization of the affected chain link and / or identification of the cable routing to be maintained can be made possible. In the case of RFID systems, it is particularly possible to switch on the transponder only when the critical degree of wear has been reached in order to minimize the detection of errors.

Regardless of the selected transponder technology, it may be desirable for functional control, especially in the case of transponders that switch on due to wear, to provide a further independent transponder, preferably for the same frequency range, in an area of the line to be monitored whose behavior preferably does not change as a result of wear and which is ready for operation when new , The control transponder should not be exposed to wear, eg. B. be executed without detector element, but otherwise be arranged as possible analogous to the transponders for wear detection on the wiring in the radio range of the device.

When used in conventionally constructed energy guiding chains transponder and detector element, in particular integrated into a detection module, be attached to a side flap and / or on a crossbar. In this case, chain links each have opposite side flaps, and at least some of the chain links have at least one crosspiece connecting the side flaps. The detector element can be mounted with sliding upper strand, in particular on a wear-prone narrow side, d. H. at a small side of the side flap substantially parallel to the inner and outer side surfaces of the side flaps and perpendicular and to the longitudinal direction of the chain.

With modular design, the recognition module can cooperate with a connector on the chain link or segment for mechanical fastening, for. B. are positively accommodated in a receptacle, and possibly secured with a closure.

In a particularly simple and inexpensive embodiment, the transponder is realized on a self-adhesive adhesive label, preferably together with the detector element.

Also within the scope of the invention is a more complex implementation in which a plurality of detector elements are arranged individually in critical areas on one and the same chain link or segment or on different adjacent chain links or segments and with a common transponder, preferably a RFID transponder with microchip, interact. The microchip may comprise a plurality of inputs for connecting the individual detector elements, and send information dependent on their state as a change to the reading device. For example, different levels of wear can be determined.

It is also within the scope of the invention that the detector element is not itself affected by the wear, but monitors as encoder a predetermined breaking point on the chain link or segment. For this purpose, the chain links or segments can each have a predetermined breaking point in the critical region, which triggers the detector element at the predetermined extent of wear. The detector element can be designed as an electromechanical switching means, which possibly allows a more targeted and independent of the electrical components setting the wear limit. So z. B. an identical detection module regardless of the design of the chain links or segments are used in each case for a variety types of wiring.

Particularly cost is an implementation in which the detector element is designed as a passive circuit component or as a conductor section, z. B. as a conductive loop through the critical area with a turning point or turning section at the wear limit. Thus, the detector element itself in the critical area Form a predetermined breaking point, and be connected as part of a detector line to the transponder.

Both in cable guides with a lower strand and a contrasting upper strand, as well as in cable guides with cantilever upper strand, only a limited longitudinal section of the strongest mechanical stress is usually exposed. The critical longitudinal section is application-dependent and is usually in an interval of the upper strand between a first point at a distance from the driver, z. B. approximately at about 1-30%, in particular 5-20%, the total length, and a second point at a distance from the driver before the deflection arc at the shortest upper strand, z. B. approximately at about 35-49%, especially 40-45%, of the total length. In practice, for. B. Experience has shown in sliding lines often the one longitudinal section most stressed, which goes under pressure load or the return stroke of the driver as the last of the sliding contact with the lower run or "lifts". Therefore, one or more transponders and / or cooperating detector elements may be suitably arranged in this longitudinal section of the upper run. Experiments have shown that monitoring of a longitudinal section of the upper run of the minimum length of the upper run between a first distance from the driver and a second distance, which is remote from the driver and before the actual deflection bend, suitable for many cases. This area can z. B. from about 1 m distance to about 3-4 m distance from the driver. There are also other longitudinal sections with transponder (s) into consideration, for. B. in particularly abrasive applications, a wear-prone portion of the maximum extended driver is located approximately centrally between the driver and deflector.

• – eine Notausschaltung zum Anhalten der durch die Leitungsführung versorgten Maschine, Anlage oder dgl.;
• – eine Datenschnittstelle zu einem Wartungsmeldungssystem; und/oder
• – eine Datenschnittstelle zu einem Warenwirtschaftssystem, bspw. für eine teil- oder vollautomatische Bestellung einer Austausch-Leitungsführung.

According to a further independent aspect, the invention also relates to a system for electrical wear detection comprising a cable routing with at least one transponder whose behavior changes at a predetermined extent of wear, and a wirelessly cooperating with the transponder reader, in particular with a transceiver circuit, for wireless monitoring the transponder behavior. The wireless monitoring, in particular with a plurality of transponders, avoids a considerable amount of cabling for the recognition device, which among other things reduces the useful volume in the channel of the routing and could impair the application-specific configuration. In addition to the actual automatic signaling of excessive wear, the system may have other helpful functions, e.g. B.

• - An emergency stop for stopping the supplied by the wiring machine, plant or the like.
• A data interface to a maintenance message system; and or
• A data interface to a merchandise management system, for example for a partially or fully automatic ordering of an exchange routing.

According to a further independent aspect, the invention also relates to a method for the electrotechnical detection of wear in a critical area of a cable routing, wherein the wear is caused in particular by wear, cracking, fatigue failure, and / or the like. The method is characterized in the sense of the invention by the fact that at a predetermined extent of wear changes the behavior of a arranged on the wiring transponder. This change is detected wirelessly via a reader or a transceiver, z. B. for the purpose of triggering a maintenance message and / or an emergency stop or the like.

Further expedient and preferred features of the invention will become apparent from the accompanying figures, on the basis of which preferred embodiments of the invention will be explained below without limiting the generality of the foregoing description.

In the figures, like reference numerals designate identical or functionally identical elements. Herein show:

1 as a schematic diagram in side view of an energy chain with an upper run on the lower run and with a wear detection according to the invention;

2A - 2 B in a schematic side view of a chain link of the energy chain according to 1 in new condition ( 2A ) and in a critical state of wear ( 2 B );

3 a schematic side view of a chain link with a second example of a wear detection according to the invention;

4 as a schematic diagram in side view of an energy chain with self-supporting upper strand and another example of a wear detection according to the invention;

5 in a schematic side view of a chain link for a power transmission chain according to 4 ;

6 - 8th schematic schematic circuit diagrams of exemplary RFID radio circuits for wireless detection of a predetermined wear in a wear-prone area;

9A - 9B in longitudinal section a side flap for a multi-part chain link, with a recess in a critical area for receiving a radio circuit;

10 in cross-section a chain link with sliding shoes for receiving a radio circuit, z. B. according to 6 . 7 or 8th ;

11 a schematic diagram of a particularly simple passive RF radio circuit in the form of an LC resonant circuit for wireless detection of a predetermined wear;

12 a schematic circuit diagram of another radio circuit, which is ready for use in new condition, is not ready when a first wear limit is exceeded and is ready to operate again when a second wear limit is exceeded;

13 a schematic diagram of an RFID radio circuit with UHF dipole antenna and a separation device therefor;

14 a schematic diagram of an RFID radio circuit with UHF dipole antenna with a detector element which changes the antenna parameters; and

15 a schematic diagram of an RFID radio circuit with UHF dipole antenna and a detector circuit.

1 shows an example of an energy supply chain 1 , whose upper strand 2 on the lower strand 3 slides. Relative to a fixed point 6 the energy chain 1 , from which a to and fro mobile driver 5 arranged mobile unit, assembly, or the like. (Not shown) is to be provided, depending on the application and dimensioning of a critical chain section 14 or possibly several such sections. Critical chain sections 14 are empirically determinable or apparent to the expert in planning, z. B. from the loading weight, the minimum bending radius in the deflection arc 4 , the total length of the energy chain 1 , the speed of the driver 5 and other application-dependent data. In particular, the chain section can be critical 14 of the upper run 2 be that, depending on the position of the reciprocating driver 5 or deflecting bend 4 , mainly on the lower strand slides and thus subject to the most friction-related abrasion. In the critical section (s) 14 are the chain links 7 In any case, particularly susceptible to wear.

To avoid unwanted time-out of the machine to be supplied, system or the like (not shown) is a fraction of the energy chain 1 or a line guided therein. This can be done by timely replacement of excessively worn chain links 7 ( 2 B ) or complete replacement of the worn-out energy chain 1 , z. For example, they can be guaranteed when they are scheduled for maintenance, as part of preventive maintenance.

It is particularly desirable, the energy chain 1 , or their links 7 if and only if their lifespan is completely exhausted. For this are selected or all chain links 7 a critical chain section 14 each with a radio circuit 10 equipped. Examples of radio circuits 10 are closer 2A - 2 B , also 3 . 6 - 8th and 11 - 12 seen. The radio circuits 10 In particular, RFID transponders may have and communicate wirelessly with a suitable radio transceiver, in particular an RFID reader 12 , Here are the radio circuits 10 in critical areas 11 the side flaps 8th the individual chain links 7 arranged such that upon reaching a predetermined, critical wear limit W ( 2 B ) the radio behavior of the radio circuit 10 changes. For example, the radio circuit 10 upon reaching or exceeding the wear limit W another response signal to the RFID reader 12 as in non-critical operating state or when new ( 2A ). The predetermined wear limit W is set so that when they reach or exceed the energy chain 1 still a relatively small number of motion cycles, z. B. about 1% of the total life expectancy, reliably withstand. Only then can a high risk of default exist. The wear limit W is also application-dependent and can be determined by endurance tests on sample structures, model calculation, and / or empirical values.

According to a development according to 3 can on a single chain link 8th a chain link 7 several independent radio circuits 10 be provided. By a suitable grading or staggering of the radio circuits 10 in terms of progressive wear towards the wear limit W, change the individual radio circuits 10 Time delayed one after the other according to the progressive wear their radio behavior. In this way not only the exceeding of a discrete, critical wear limit W (cf. 2 B ), but also based on the RFID reader 12 radio-based or wireless an approximate knowledge of the state of wear of a particular chain link 7 to be hit. In addition, a plausibility check is possible: changed z. Eg only a subordinate radio circuit 10 their behavior, without having signaled the grading after previous one, is likely to be a non-wear-related error that needs to be checked during regular maintenance.

Is at the last in the wear direction radio circuit 10 according to 3 the wear limit W in the critical area 11 If exceeded, timely maintenance will also be arranged here in order to avoid damage to the routed lines or failure of the energy supply chain 1 supplied machine, plant or the like. To avoid.

Unlike in the example below 2A - 2 B is for the arrangement 3 an identification of the individual radio circuit for the purpose of assignment to the exceeded wear level necessary. The functions are made possible after 3 particularly easy with RFID transponders, which have a unique identifier or unique identification number and radio query by the RFID reader 12 advancing. For this purpose, z. B. so-called RFID tags with microchip suitable which z. B. after ISO 18000-1 respectively. IEC 18000-6C are executed, and a unique identification information to the RFID reader 12 advancing. The predetermined assignment is in the RFID reader 12 or an associated computer.

4 - 5 show an alternative arrangement of an energy chain 1 with electrical wear detection according to another embodiment. The energy chain 1 according to 4 is as a self-supporting chain (the upper strand 2 does not slide on the lower run 3 ). Depending on the weight loaded and the stress on the energy chain 1 it can also come with such chains to failure, z. B. if the life expectancy of the energy chain 1 is exceeded. Typical signs of wear are fine, progressive cracks 15 in the side flaps 8th the chain links 7 which eventually becomes a complete break of a chain link 7 could lead. Here, too, can be empirically a critical chain section 14 Determine in which the individual chain links 7 most susceptible to wear and tear, or the risk of chain breakage is greatest.

Accordingly, according to the application 4 , the critical area 11 where experience has shown cracks due to material fatigue in the side flap 8th most likely to occur. Again, being in the critical area 11 a radio circuit 10 provided, the transmission behavior in cooperation with, for example, an RFID reader 12 when cracks occur in the side flap 8th changed. In the example below 4 - 5 is a possible large-scale and durable connection of the radio circuit 10 with the material of the side flap 8th advantageous, which can be achieved particularly easily by self-adhesive RFID adhesive labels. In contrast to commercially available RFID tags, however, no preferably unbreakable or durable substrate for the adhesive label is required in this application. Rather, it is at least in the critical area 11 a breakable substrate for the radio circuit 10 desirable, the critical range 11 possibly be provided separately from the actual transponder or the substrate is susceptible to breakage altogether.

In the embodiments according to 1 and 2A - 2 B respectively. 1 and 3 such as 4 - 5 are the radio circuits 10 even directly each in a critical area 11 at least one chain link 7 , preferably several chain links 7 in a critical chain section 14 the energy chain 1 arranged. The critical chain section (s) 14 are empirically determined in this case, for example, by endurance tests in a test laboratory and make particularly susceptible to wear and / or fatigue-prone places the energy supply chain 1 total dar.

The principle of wireless wear detection based on radio circuits 10 is applicable to the detection of wear or abrasion due to abrasion caused by friction, through the operation of the energy supply chain 1 , such as sliding energy chains 1 ( 1 ). The principle is equally applicable to the detection of cracking in the side flaps 8th 8th selected chain links 7 , which when exceeding the nominal life of the energy chain 1 due to aging due to material fatigue or possibly even before reaching the life expectancy due to improper stress can occur.

For wear detection is provided that the radio circuit 10 their transmission behavior in cooperation with a transceiver, for example with the RFID reader 12 , changed due to mechanical stress, but only when a state of critical wear on the associated chain link 7 is reached. The degree of wear at which the basis of the radio circuit 10 detectable change occurs, z. B. by positioning so that critical wear is signaled before it to complete break or failure of the energy chain 1 comes.

6 - 8th show possible embodiments of radio circuits 610 . 710 . 810 , in particular for the application according to 1 , below only their structure and function will be discussed.

The radio circuits 610 . 710 . 810 are designed as passive RFID transponders for wireless communication in the UHF frequency range of the IFM band. For the most cost-effective production include the RFID transponder 20 respectively. 20A - 20B to 6 - 8th each a standard RFID microchip 21 , shown here schematically as resonator symbol, with matching RFID antenna 22 ,

The RFID microchip 21 has a memory with identification information is each about the RFID antenna 22 by the transmission power of the RFID reader 12 provided. The RFID transponder 20 respectively. 20A - 20B to 6 - 8th are passive and have no own power source or separate power supply.

In 6 are the connections of the RFID microchip 21 to the RFID antenna 22 by means of a detector line 24 bridged or short-circuited. A line section 26 the detector line 24 is as a conductor loop in the critical area 11 so guided that this as a detector element 26 breaks when the wear limit is exceeded, ie the detector line 24 is interrupted. Thus, the proper supply of the RFID microchip 21 based on the RFID antenna 22 only released when the critical wear limit W is exceeded. In other words, the RFID transponder 20 the radio circuit 610 is only ready to send when the wear limit W to be detected is reached or exceeded. To avoid induction-induced damage, the detector line 24 with a low impedance shunt resistor 28 be provided. The actual RFID transponder 20 , as well as the detector line 24 with their components can act as a recognition module on the same carrier 23 For example, be attached to a fragile adhesive label, or poured, for example, in a brittle, fragile material.

7 is a training according to the principle 6 and includes two RFID transponders 20 ; 20A , The transponder 20A works on the reverse principle compared to the transponder 20 , With the transponder 20A will supply the RFID microchip 21 in case of breakage of the detector element 26 at the detector line 24 not released, but interrupted. The RFID transponder 20 Again, it is identical to the transponder 20 out 6 built up.

By combination after 7 Greater detection reliability can be achieved by receiving the proper signal from the RFID transponder 20A and absence of the signal of the RFID transponder 20 can be closed to an operational state without excessive wear. Conversely, however, an occurrence of the signal of the RFID transponder signals 20 and omitting the signal of the RFID transponder 20A with higher reliability exceeding the wear limit W in the critical range 11 by using two independent line sections as detector elements 26 were interrupted due to wear. Again, identification information for pairing the RFID transponder 20A . 20 and their assignment to the affected chain link deposited.

In a variant not shown too 7 can - similar to in 3 - The detector element 26 of a transponder 20A , compared to the detector element 26 the other transponder 20 , staggered in relation to the wear limit W to gain additional information on wear and / or for control.

8th shows a further embodiment with two RFID transponders 20 ; 20B where a transponder 20B is intended solely for control purposes as a test sample, and its transmission behavior is not changed depending on wear or abrasion. The other RFID transponder 20 is identical or identical to the transponder 20 according to 6 - 7 executed. In a variant not shown too 8th can - similar to in 3 - the transponder 20B , with a part of its antenna as a predetermined breaking point in the critical area 11 be arranged so that the further wear limit is detectable, z. B. for an emergency stop.

9A - 9B show a possibility for protected placement of a radio circuit 10 in the side flap 90 a multi-part chain link 7 , There are only the known construction of the side flap 90 relevant differences discussed. On the outer side surface of the link plate 90 is a recess 92 with an outwardly tapered contour with obliquely running sidewalls 93 provided, the base area for receiving the radio circuit 10 is dimensioned. The recess 92 is in the critical area 11 the side flap 90 provided, for example, on the abrasion-prone the deflection axis facing narrow side of the link plate 90 , After attaching the radio circuit 10 will the recess 92 by means of a suitable closure element 94 locked. The closure element 94 gets through the sloping sidewalls 93 the recess 92 positively held and biased so that the position of the radio circuit 10 is fixed unchangeable. With this arrangement, z. B. a radio circuit 10 be used in a break-prone housing as a detection module reliable. The radio circuit can also be in the closure element 94 be integrated. On links without radio circuit 10 , the recesses can 92 remain open or closed to prevent interference edges with other fasteners.

10 shows a further embodiment for the arrangement of radio circuits 10 with reference to a schematic cross section of a chain link 7 , The two side flaps 8th of the chain link 7 are over crossbars 9 interconnected and thus form the interior for receiving the guided lines. On the wear-prone narrow side of both side flaps 8th and / or at the wear-side crosspiece 9 are retrofittable sliding shoes 100 attached as detection modules, in which the radio circuit 10 (not shown in 10 ), for example, in the IMCS process (integrated metal injection molding plastic) or in multi-component injection molding, or is firmly bonded by gluing.

The construction after 10 Enables the retrofitting of energy supply chains, if necessary 1 depending on the location of the critical chain sections 14 and the structure of the wear detection according to the invention in the modular principle, without the actual design of the chain links 7 to impair.

Suitable systems and methods for radio-based detection of transponders are those skilled in the art from relevant literature and relevant standards (eg. ISO 18000-1 respectively. IEC 18000-6C or the like) are known and are therefore not explained in detail.

11 shows a particularly simple radio circuit in the form of an RF transponder 120 a known for consumer protection (EAS: electronic article surveillance) LC resonant circuit, z. B. has been modified by a detector line 24 the one loop in the critical area 11 forms, which as a detector element 26 serves. In the ready state, the resonant circuit deprives of RF induction antenna 122 and RF capacitor 125 an external RF electromagnetic field tuned to its resonant frequency - typically about 8.2 MHz - and thus detectable. To change the behavior of the RF transponder 120 interrupts the detector element 26 the connection between the RF induction antenna 122 and the RF capacitor 125 when the wear exceeds the wear limit W. Thus, the resonant circuit is ineffective and the RF transponder 120 no longer detectable at the resonant frequency. As a carrier 23 In particular, a custom-made adhesive label comes into consideration, which is a fracture-prone critical area 11 as a substrate for the detector element 26 forming conductor loop includes. The other features of the RF transponder 120 can do the lesson US 3,810,147 or US 3,500,373 correspond. The particularly cost-effective design after 11 is particularly advantageous for very high volumes.

12 shows a development of the RFID circuits after 6 - 8th in that the radio circuit 1210 to 12 , is ready for operation in new condition, is not ready for operation when a first wear limit W1 is exceeded and becomes operational again when a second wear limit W2 is exceeded. To change the radio behavior, a conductor with a parallel connection of a parasitic capacitor C2 and a noise coil L2 is connected to the detector line. As the first detector element 1226 a conductor loop acts in series with the parasitic capacitor C2, which decouples the parasitic capacitor C2 when the wear exceeds the first wear limit W1. As a second detector element 1227 the interference coil acts itself, which is destroyed by abrasion on the wear limit W2.

Parallel connection with L2 and C2 on the detector line 24 Due to a low impedance of C2, the resonant circuit is only insignificantly affected, so that the RFID transponder 1220 in undisturbed new condition substantially ready for operation and at the resonant frequency power absorbs to supply the RFID chip is. After disconnecting the parallel connection of the parasitic capacitor C2, only the interference coil L2 acts. Their impedance is chosen so that the resonant circuit with the resonant capacitor C1 and serving as an antenna resonant coil (antenna) L1 is detuned and no longer in the frequency range of the reader ( 1 ) resonantly responds. Thus, the RFID transponder 1220 inoperative with respect to the reader. For the values of the impedances: (a) C2 << C1 and (b) L2 << L1 · (C1 / C2). If the wear reaches the second wear limit W2, the noise coil L2 becomes ineffective and therefore the detuning of the vibration damper is canceled. This will be the RFID transponder 1220 operational again as intended.

A multi-stage staggered detector arrangement as in 3 or 12 has the advantage that the system allows a functional test at the beginning and above all can be configured fully automatically by the identification information of all existing radio circuits every day 1210 receives. If the return of a previously recorded identification information does not occur during later operation, it must be concluded that a wear limit has been exceeded.

12 has the further advantage that - without multiplication of the radio circuits 1210 - Reliable from a supercritical wear can be assumed if the affected identification information after a certain Time interval is detected again. Preferably, an emergency stop is triggered because the worn cable routing has not yet been renewed or repaired.

13 - 15 show further embodiments of radio circuits 1310 ; 1410 ; 1510 for RFID ICs with dipole antennas for the UHF frequency range, eg. B. after ISO 18000-6C , These offer, inter alia, a higher range than LF or RF radio circuits (eg 6 - 8th or 11 ) and are also inexpensive to produce as passive detection modules. The mode of action and arrangement of the wiring corresponds z. B. one of the preceding examples.

In the radio circuit 1310 to 13 is a dipole antenna 1322 via a special IC 1330 (integrated circuit), z. B. an ASIC, so switchable that they are from the RFID circuit 1321 can be galvanically isolated or connected in the manner of a switching relay. For this the IC has 1330 a transistor arrangement, which both nodes of the dipole antenna 1322 connects, if one as a detector element 1326 used conductor loop is severed. The detector element 1326 is with connections of the IC 1330 connected, which control the relay-like transistor arrangement. The RFID circuit 1321 Can be used as an integrated part of the IC 1330 be executed. The radio circuit 1310 can be active, ie connected to a supply, or possibly also passively via the dipole antenna 1322 be supplied from the radio power.

In 14 is a dipole antenna 1422 with a detector element 26 used conductor loop bridged. This turns the performance parameters of the dipole antenna 1422 influence in a measurable manner, so that a separation of the detector element 26 due to wear on the basis of a suitable reader (cf. 1 respectively. 4 ) is recognizable. In the UHF frequency range, a "short circuit" (unlike an induction antenna) 6 ) not necessarily to the failure of the radio signal, but to a detectable parameter change in the radio behavior, the RFID chip 1421 with the dipole antenna 1422 causes. The radio circuit 1410 to 13 is suitable as a purely passive system.

In the radio circuit 1510 to 15 is also a dipole antenna 1522 to an RFID chip 1521 connected. An active detector circuit 1540 with a voltage source 1542 includes as a detector element 26 Here again a detachable by wear wire loop for placement in a wear-critical area. When the detector element 26 is disconnected, the pnp transistor switches 1544 on passage, so the LED 1546 Generates light and, in the manner of an optocoupler, the NPN phototransistor 1550 switches, so the dipole antenna 1522 at both terminals of the RFID chip 1521 low impedance connected. It can be used for this purpose, a conventional optocoupler. At an interruption in the detector element 26 turns on the detector circuit 1540 thus the connection of the dipole antenna 1522 with the RFID chip 1521 free, ie the RFID chip 1521 in operational readiness. The radio circuit 1510 is suitable as an active system, the voltage source 1542 also the RFID chip 1521 can supply (not shown).

Finally, it should be noted that RFID transponders with IC and information memory other than 1-bit transponders (see. 11 ) allow more intelligent systems, including a determination of the affected energy chain 1 in more complex systems, a closer localization of the worn chain link, and, for example, the use of multiple detector elements on an RFID chip (not shown) allow, for. B. for more reliable detection.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Energieführungskette

2

Obertrum

3

Untertrum

4

Umlenkbogen

5

Mitnehmer

6

Festpunkt

7

Kettenglied

8

Seitenlasche

10

Funkschaltung

11

kritischer Bereich

12

RFID-Lesegerät

14

kritischer Kettenabschnitt

15

Laschenbruch bzw. Laschenriss (Materialermüdung)

W

Verschleißgrenze

Fig. 6–Fig. 8

11

kritischer Bereich

20, 20A, 20B

RFID-Transponder

21

RFID-Mikrochip

22

RFID-Antenne

23

Träger

24

Detektorleitung

26

Detektorelement

28

Shunt-Widerstand

610, 710, 810

Funkschaltung

W

Verschleißgrenze

Fig. 9A–Fig. 9B

10

Funkschaltung

90

Seitenlasche

92

Aussparung

93

Seitenwand

94

Verschlusselement

Fig. 10

7

Kettenglied

8

Seitenlasche

9

Querstege

100

Gleitschuh

Fig. 11

11

kritischer Bereich

24

Detektorleitung

26

Detektorelement

120

RF-Transponder

122

RF-Induktionsantenne

125

RF-Kondensator

23

Träger

W

Verschleißgrenze

Fig. 12

24

Detektorleitung

1210

Funkschaltung

1221

RFID-Chip

1226, 1227

Detektorelemente

1220

RFID-Transponder

C1

Resonanzkondensator

L1

Resonanzspule (Antenne)

C2

Störkondensator

L2

Störspule

W1, W2

Verschleißgrenzen

Fig. 13

26

Detektorelement

1310

Funkschaltung

1321

RFID-Chip

1320

RFID-Transponder

1322

Dipolantenne

1330

IC

Fig. 14

26

Detektorelement

1410

Funkschaltung

1421

RFID-Chip

1422

Dipolantenne

Fig. 15

26

Detektorelement

1510

Funkschaltung

1521

RFID-Chip

1522

Dipolantenne

1540

Detektorschaltung

1542

Spannungsquelle

1544

Transistor (PNP)

1546

LED

1550

Fototransistor (NPN)

Fig. 1-Fig. 5

1

Power supply chain

2

obertrum

3

strand

4

reversing curve

5

takeaway

6

benchmark

7

link

8th

side flap

10

radio circuit

11

critical area

12

RFID reader

14

critical chain section

15

Tab breakage or tab crack (material fatigue)

W

wear limit

Fig. 6-Fig. 8th

11

critical area

20, 20A, 20B

RFID transponder

21

RFID microchip

22

RFID antenna

23

carrier

24

detector line

26

detector element

28

Shunt resistor

610, 710, 810

radio circuit

W

wear limit

Fig. 9A-Fig. 9B

10

radio circuit

90

side flap

92

recess

93

Side wall

94

closure element

Fig. 10

7

link

8th

side flap

9

crossbars

100

shoe

Fig. 11

11

critical area

24

detector line

26

detector element

120

RF transponder

122

RF induction antenna

125

RF capacitor

23

carrier

W

wear limit

Fig. 12

24

detector line

1210

radio circuit

1221

RFID chip

1226, 1227

detector elements

1220

RFID transponder

C1

resonant capacitor

L1

Resonance coil (antenna)

C2

interference capacitor

L2

disturbance coil

W1, W2

wear limits

Fig. 13

26

detector element

1310

radio circuit

1321

RFID chip

1320

RFID transponder

1322

dipole antenna

1330

IC

Fig. 14

26

detector element

1410

radio circuit

1421

RFID chip

1422

dipole antenna

Fig. 15

26

detector element

1510

radio circuit

1521

RFID chip

1522

dipole antenna

1540

detector circuit

1542

voltage source

1544

Transistor (PNP)

1546

LED

1550

Phototransistor (NPN)

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 3531066 C2 [0004]
• EP 0803032 B1 [0004]
• EP 1381792 B1 [0005]
• WO 98/48645 A1 [0006]
• WO 90/41284 A1 [0006]
• US 3473769 [0006]
• WO 2004/090375 A1 [0011, 0021]
• WO 2013/156607 A1 [0011]
• WO 2015/118143 A1 [0012]
• DE 19647322 A1 [0014]
• DE 10346486 A1 [0015, 0015, 0015]
• EP 1521015 A2 [0015]
• US 3810147 [0035, 0090]
• US 3500373 [0035, 0090]

Cited non-patent literature

• ISO 18000-1 [0072]
• IEC 18000-6C [0072]
• ISO 18000-1 [0089]
• IEC 18000-6C [0089]
• ISO 18000-6C [0095]

Claims (24)

Energy supply chain with electrical wear detection, wherein the energy guide chain comprises a number of chain links forming a channel for the protected guidance of lines, such as cables, hoses or the like, between a first terminal end and a relatively movable second terminal end, wherein adjacent chain links in the longitudinal direction each hinged together are comprising a device for detecting wear in a critical region of at least one chain link, for. B. by wear, cracking and / or fatigue fracture, characterized in that the device comprises a transponder, which is arranged on the at least one chain link or on an adjacent other chain link, and at least one cooperating with the transponder detector element, which on the at least a chain link is arranged, wherein the detector element changes the behavior of the transponder at a predetermined extent of wear in the critical area, so that this wear-related change is wirelessly visible. Wiring unit with electrical wear detection, wherein the wiring unit comprises at least one longitudinal section having a plurality of integrally formed segments which form a channel for the protected guidance of lines, such as cables, hoses or the like, between a first terminal end and a relatively movable second terminal end, wherein adjacent segments in Each longitudinal direction are connected by a flexible connection; full a device for detecting wear in a critical region of at least one segment, for. B. by wear, cracking and / or fatigue fracture, the device having a transponder disposed on the at least one segment or on an adjacent other segment and having at least one detector element cooperating with the transponder disposed on the at least one segment, the detector element subject to a predetermined amount of wear In the critical area, the behavior of the transponder changes, so that this wear-related change can be detected wirelessly. Cable routing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transponder and the cooperating detector element are integrated into a detection module. Cable routing according to claim 1, 2 or 3, in particular according to claim 3, characterized in that a number of chain links or segments in a wear-prone longitudinal section of the cable guide each have at least one detection module. Cable routing according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the detector element is designed as a line section of a detector line which extends in the critical region and is interrupted at the predetermined extent of wear. Cable routing according to claim 5, characterized in that the transponder comprises an antenna which is short-circuited via the detector element and that the detector element opens the short circuit at the predetermined degree of wear. Cable routing according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the transponder comprises an antenna, and the detector element is designed as a part of the antenna which extends in the critical region and is interrupted at the predetermined extent of wear. Cable routing according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the antenna is designed as an induction coil or as a dipole antenna. Cable routing according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the transponder is designed as a passive RFID transponder, with a microchip stores an identification information. Cable routing according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the transponder is designed as an active RFID transponder, with a microchip stores an identification information. Cable routing according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the transponder is designed as a passive 1-bit transponder, preferably with an LC resonant circuit as an antenna for the radio-frequency method. Cable routing according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the transponder is designed according to the electro-magnetic or magneto-acoustic principle and has a magnetizable or magnetostrictive component which extends as a detector element in the critical region and at the predetermined extent of Wear becomes ineffective. Cable routing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the device for functional control at least one further independent transponder whose behavior preferably does not change due to wear. Energy guiding chain according to claim 1, characterized in that the chain links each comprise opposite side flaps, at least some of the chain links have at least one crosspiece connecting the side flaps, and the detector element is attached to a wear-prone narrow side of a side flap. Cable routing according to claim 3 and 14, characterized in that the detection module cooperates with a connector on the chain link or segment for mechanical fastening. Cable routing according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the transponder is realized on a self-adhesive adhesive label. Cable routing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of detector elements are each arranged in critical areas on a chain link or segment or on adjacent chain links or segments and cooperate with a common transponder, preferably an RFID transponder with microchip. Cable routing according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the detector element is designed as a passive circuit component or as a conductor section. Cable guide according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the chain links or segments each have a predetermined breaking point in the critical region, which trigger the detector element at the predetermined extent of wear, wherein the detector element is preferably designed as an electromechanical or electronic switching means. Cable routing according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the cable routing is performed with a lower strand and a contrast sliding or cantilevered upper strand and the transponder and the cooperating detector element are arranged in a section of the upper run. System for electrical wear detection comprising a wiring with at least one transponder whose behavior changes at a predetermined extent of wear and a wirelessly cooperating with the transponder reader for wireless monitoring of the transponder behavior. The system of claim 21, comprising: - An emergency stop for stopping the supplied by the wiring consumer; A data interface to a maintenance message system; and or - a data interface to a merchandise management system. Use or method for electrotechnical detection of wear in a critical area of a cable routing, in particular by wear, cracking and / or fatigue failure, characterized in that at a predetermined extent of wear changes the behavior of a arranged on the wiring transponder and a reader or Transceiver detects this change wirelessly to trigger a service message and / or an emergency stop. Detection module for upgrading or retrofitting a cable routing with an electrical wear detection, comprising a carrier or a housing with a transponder having an antenna, and a region of the carrier or housing which is separate therefrom, in which a detector element is arranged in the manner of a predetermined breaking point, which changes the behavior of the transponder in case of wear-induced breakage.

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