DE202015006951U1 - Manual actuating device - Google Patents

Abstract

Actuating device for a manual transmission, which has a movably mounted adjusting element (10) and a restoring, in particular spring means (20) for returning the adjusting element (10) to a basic position (x = 0), wherein a characteristic (T (x)) of a Restoring force (T) of the return means (20) via a travel (x) of the actuating element (10) in a direction of adjustment from the basic position (x = 0) at least two positive stages (T1, T2).

Description

The present invention relates to an actuating device for a manual transmission, in particular of a motor vehicle, as well as a motor vehicle with a manual transmission and the actuating device.

From the DE 197 11 237 A1 a switching device for transmitting switching forces for a vehicle transmission with a spring element is known, which urges a lever in a position corresponding to the transmission neutral position, wherein at least one detent position is provided, which corresponds to a non-neutral position of the transmission.

In particular, in order to ensure a reliable automatic reset from a reverse to a neutral position, high or spring forces or resiliencies are required in such or similar switching devices. However, these make it difficult, in turn, especially at low temperatures, (also) to engage or select forward gears.

An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to improve a manual transmission actuator.

This object is achieved by an actuating device having the features of claim 1. Claim 13 provides a motor vehicle with an actuator described herein under protection. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, an actuating device for or for actuating a gearbox, in particular a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car, in particular an actuating device of a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car, a movably mounted actuating element for actuating the gearbox and a return means for resetting the actuating element in a basic position, wherein a characteristic of a restoring force of the return means over a travel of the actuating element in a direction of adjustment from the normal position has two or more positive stages.

In this way, in one embodiment, advantageously by a first lower (positive) stage of the characteristic in a first Stellwegbereich the actuating element lower positive or restoring forces and in a second Stellwegbereich of the actuating element by a second higher (positive) level of the characteristic curve, advantageously significantly, larger or enlarged positive or restoring forces are impressed on the actuator.

In one embodiment corresponds or defines a positive stage of the characteristic of the restoring force corresponding to the adjustment direction or in the home position restoring or restoring forces of the return means. Thus, in one embodiment, two positive stages of the characteristic curve over the travel in one or the same actuating direction from the basic position correspond or respectively define or define different stages of the same direction, respectively restoring forces returning to the initial position. Correspondingly, in one embodiment, forces that are reversing in the direction of adjustment or from the basic position do not correspond to restoring forces or correspond to a negative level of a characteristic of the force exerted or imposed by the restoring means on the adjusting element.

In one embodiment, the restoring means, in particular structurally, at least two stages for, in particular alternative, imprinting different or different high, same direction or respectively returning to the normal position or directed restoring forces on the actuator depending on its travel in the direction from the Basic position on.

Due to the higher characteristic level, in one embodiment, in particular, a reliable automatic reset from a reverse gear (shift lanes) - in a neutral (shift lanes) position promoted, in particular ensured. Alternatively or in particular additionally can be facilitated in one embodiment by the lower Kennlinienstufe inserting or selecting forward gears or forward gear shift gates against the restoring force of the return means, in particular (even) at low temperatures.

The transmission has accordingly in one embodiment, at least one reverse (driving) gear and one or more forward (driving) gears, which are assigned in a development different shift gates. In particular, a switching shaft may be provided by the axial position or - shift one of several shift gates selectable and / or by the angular position or rotation in each case at least one (driving) gear within a shift gate on or interpretable.

The adjusting element is in one embodiment, in particular by at least one, in particular to a housing of the actuator stationary, rotation axis, rotatably or movably mounted. Additionally or alternatively, in one embodiment, in particular in at least one, in particular to a housing of the actuator stationary, linear axis, be slidably mounted or linearly movable. In a development, different shift positions of the transmission, in particular at least one shift gate with one reverse gear, and one or more shift gears with one or more, in particular two, forward gears, can be selected by different angular positions or twists and / or different axial positions or displacements of the actuating element , in particular the switching shaft coupled or operatively connected to the actuating element correspondingly or for this purpose displaceable and / or rotatable.

In one embodiment, the return means may comprise, in particular, a mechanical spring means. As a result, in one embodiment, an advantageous characteristic, in particular spring characteristic and / or damping, can be realized. Additionally or alternatively, the return means in one embodiment may include, in particular, a hydraulic, pneumatic and / or magnetic spring means. As a result, in another embodiment, another advantageous characteristic, in particular spring characteristic and / or damping, can be realized.

In one embodiment, the restoring means seeks to return the actuator to the home position by exerting or imprinting the corresponding restoring force acting in the direction of the basic position on the actuating element, or is configured for this purpose or so. Accordingly, a restoring force in one embodiment seeks to return the actuating element to the basic position or at least acts in the direction of the basic position on the actuating element.

For a more compact representation, an antiparallel pair of forces, that is to say an antiparallel pair of forces, is also presently available. H. a (return) torque, generally referred to as (return) force.

In one embodiment, the actuating element is or is biased by the return means or its restoring force in the basic position, in particular in the normal position acted upon by the return means and its restoring force. As a result, vibrations can advantageously be damped in one embodiment.

The characteristic of the restoring force of the return means over the travel of the actuating element in the direction of adjustment from the basic position (out) describes in one embodiment, the height or size of the resetting or restoring force in the home position as a function of the travel of the operatively connected to the return means or coupled Stellelements in the direction of adjustment, in particular as a function of its angle (from) position or axial displacement relative to or from the basic position in the direction of adjustment.

Within one or more of the stages, the (height or magnitude of) restoring force in one embodiment in the adjustment direction can increase in each case, in particular monotone, in particular strictly monotone, and / or linear, progressive or degressive. In this case, in one development, the (height or size of the) restoring force can increase more strongly within at least one higher level or the characteristic curve can have a greater gradient than in a lower level. In one embodiment, the (height or size of the) restoring force between two stages or from one to the other stage of at least one pair of adjacent stages increases abruptly and / or by at least 5%, in particular at least 10%, in particular at least 25% (Height or size of the) restoring force at the end of the lower level. In other words, in one embodiment, the (amount or magnitude of the) restoring force jumps from a lower to a higher level and / or by at least 5%, in particular at least 10%, in particular at least 25%, of the (height or size of) Restoring force at the end of the lower level too. In this way, in one embodiment, in each case an advantageous restoring force or position can be realized.

In one embodiment, at least two of the levels of the characteristic are constructive, in particular geometrically or by the kinematics of the adjusting element and / or spring means, conditionally or defined or distinguished from each other and / or spaced apart in ordinate or force height direction and / or discrete stages , in particular different restoring force levels.

For example, in one embodiment, a two-stage or multi-level reset means (characteristic) can be realized by way of an on-block go of one of a plurality of parallel or series-connected spring elements of the return means.

In one embodiment, the actuating element has a first stop, which biases the return means in a first, in particular the basic position, range of the travel of the actuating element in the direction from the basic position, in particular contacted, or provided for this purpose or is designed such that it the return means in this Stellwegbereich spans, in particular contacted, and at least one spaced therefrom second, in particular smaller, stop, of the return means, in particular only, in a second, in particular adjoining the first Stellwegbereich, range of the travel of the actuating element in the direction of adjustment the home position biases, in particular contacted, or provided for this purpose or is designed such that it biases the return means, in particular only, in this second Stellwegbereich, in particular contacted. In this way, in particular by the adjustment path-related transition from the first to the second acting on the return means or exciting, in particular contacting stop can be realized in a design advantageous, in a development in particular already by means of a spring element, a two- or multi-stage curve. Thus, a jump or step change of the characteristic curve in one embodiment may be characterized or defined in particular by a travel position or a Stellwegbereich of the actuating element, in which the first and second stop contact the return means together, wherein in an embodiment in a preceding Stellwegbereich, in particular only, the first stop, at least not (also) the second stop biases the return means and in a subsequent Stellwegbereich, in particular only, the second stop, but certainly not (also) the first stop biases the return means.

In one embodiment, the return means, in particular rotatable, arranged on a return central axis, in particular stored or supported. The return center axis is separated in a development of the adjusting element, in particular with respect to the axis of rotation of the actuating element and / or one or the housing of the actuating device on which the axis of rotation is arranged in a development, and / or an abutment on which the return means is supported , stationary (arranged), so that in one embodiment, the adjusting element is movable relative to the return central axis, in particular rotatable about the axis of rotation. As a result, in one embodiment, an advantageous, in particular compact and / or stable, arrangement and / or an advantageous characteristic of the return means can be realized.

In one embodiment, the restoring center axis is spaced from the axis of rotation of the rotatably mounted adjusting element, in particular (at least) perpendicular to the restoring means and / or rotation axis, which in a development, at least substantially, be parallel to one another, in particular an angle of at most 30 °, In particular, at most 15 °, can include each other. As a result, in one embodiment, a two-stage or multi-stage characteristic can in particular be realized already in a development by means of a spring element.

In one embodiment, the return center axis, in particular in a direction perpendicular to the Rückstellmittel- and / or rotation axis seen, disposed between the rotation axis and the second stop. Additionally or alternatively, in one embodiment, the second stop, in particular in a direction perpendicular to the Rückstellmittel- and / or rotation axis seen, disposed between the return center axis and the first stop. As a result, in one embodiment, a two-stage or multi-stage characteristic can in particular be realized already in a development by means of a spring element.

In one embodiment, the return means may comprise one or more leg springs or leg spring elements, in particular a leg spring. As a result, in one embodiment, an advantageous, in particular compact, return means and / or an advantageous characteristic of the return means can be realized.

In one embodiment, the restoring means is designed such that it is stretched by opposing movements of the actuating element from the basic position (out respectively), in particular elastically deformed or tensioning, in particular elastically deformable. In this way, in one embodiment, advantageously, a provision of the actuating element can be assisted in opposite directions from the basic position deflected or deviating from this positions in the normal position, in particular automatically.

In one embodiment, the return means by an adjustment of the adjusting element, in particular stronger, stretched, in particular elastically deformed, in particular bent, twisted, compressed and / or stretched to impart the restoring force and / or enlarge. As a result, in one embodiment, an advantageous characteristic of the return means can be realized.

In one embodiment, the restoring means can have, in particular be, a, in particular one-part, leg spring with two, in particular crossing, legs, which are supported in opposite directions in a development on an abutment against which the adjusting element is rotatably mounted. An eye connecting the legs can wrap around the return center axis in a further development. In this way, in one embodiment, an advantageous voltage of the return means by opposing movements of the actuating element from the basic position and / or an advantageous, in particular compact and / or stable, storage of the return means can be realized.

In one embodiment, the actuator on a shift lever or lever for actuating the gearbox, coupled to one or the shift shaft of the gearbox, in particular by means of a mechanism, in particular by means of one or more cables and / or linkage, or operatively connected, is , The control element may in particular be the shift lever or lever itself. In other words, the return means can be supported on the shift lever or itself or be tensioned by this, in particular these have the first and second stop for tensioning the return means. Similarly, the multi-part actuator formed except the shift lever or lever having a coupled thereto, in particular (rotary) firmly connected, further part, on which the return means is supported or which biases the return means, and in a further development of the first and having second stop for tensioning the return means. In other words, in one embodiment, the actuator is a (gearbox) external actuator. As a result, in one embodiment, an advantageous provision of the shift lever can be realized. In another embodiment, it may be a (gear) internal actuating device, in particular one or have the switching shaft.

In one embodiment, the return means is designed such that the characteristic of its restoring force in a Stellwegbereich the adjusting element for engaging a reverse gear, in particular for selecting a lane of a reverse gear, a higher level and in a Stellwegbereich the actuating element for inserting one or more forward gears, in particular for Selecting one or more lanes each having at least one forward gear, a lower level. As a result, in one embodiment, a lower restoring force can advantageously be realized in the lower stage, thus facilitating, in particular, engagement or selection of forward gears and, at the same time, realizing a significantly higher restoring force in the higher stage, thus promoting, in particular ensuring, returning from a reverse gear ,

In one embodiment, the basic position corresponds, at least substantially, to a neutral position of the transmission and / or an alley of at least one, in particular third, forward gear of the transmission. As a result, in one embodiment, a return from a reverse gear or into the neutral position can advantageously be promoted.

In one embodiment, an (effective) lever arm of the return means over the travel of the actuating element in the direction of adjustment from the basic position at least two, in particular constructively related, stages. In particular, the lever arm may be the distance between one or the abutment means each exciting or effective stop of the actuating element and the return central axis. As a result, in one embodiment, a two-stage or multi-stage characteristic can in particular be realized already in a development by means of a spring element.

In one embodiment, the actuating element of an actuating device described here is acted upon by the return means with the at least two-stage restoring force in the direction of the basic position.

Further advantageous developments of the present invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description of preferred embodiments. This shows, partially schematized:

1 an actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention in a basic position;

2 the actuator at the end of a first Stellwegbereichs an actuating element;

3 the actuating device in a second Stellwegbereich an actuating element; and

4 a characteristic of a restoring force of a return means.

1 shows a (gearbox) external actuating device of a motor vehicle for actuating a gearbox, in particular adjusting a switching shaft, according to an embodiment of the present invention in a basic position. Manual transmission and in particular shaft are not shown because they can be formed in a conventional manner.

The actuating device has an actuating element 10 and a return means 20 for resetting the actuating element in the in 1 illustrated basic position.

The actuator 10 is rotatable about a rotation axis 30 stored, wherein by different angular positions or rotations of the actuating element 10 different shift gates of the transmission can be selected, in particular by the in 1 shown basic position, which is indexed with x = 0, a neutral position in a lane of a third and fourth forward gear, through the in 2 shown position within a first Stellwegbereichs, which is indexed with x = x1, a first and second forward lane, and by the in 3 shown position in a second Stellwegbereich that is indexed with x = x2, a shift gate with a reverse gear.

The return means 20 is a one-piece leg spring with two crossed thighs 21 . 22 who are opposing an abutment 40 support, opposite to the actuator 10 is rotatably mounted.

One the thighs 21 . 22 connecting eye of the return means or the leg spring 20 wraps around to the axis of rotation 30 stationary and parallel return center axis 31 so that the return means 20 rotatably on or about this (R) Rückstellmittelachse 31 is stored.

The actuator 10 indicates a first stop 11 that's the default 20 in a first, the basic position, Stellwegbereich [0, x1] (see. 4 ) of the actuating element 10 spans, and a second, smaller stop spaced therefrom 12 on, which is the return means 20 in a second adjoining the first Stellwegbereich, Stellwegbereich x> x1 of the control element spans.

The return center axis 31 is from the axis of rotation 30 the rotatably mounted actuating element 10 in a direction perpendicular to the return means and the axis of rotation parallel thereto 31 . 30 seen (horizontally in 1 ) spaced and seen in this direction between the axis of rotation 30 and the second stop 12 of the actuating element 10 arranged, in turn, seen in this direction between the return center axis 31 and the first stop 11 is arranged.

By the two in opposite directions to the abutment 40 supporting legs 21 . 22 the return means is designed such that it is in each case bent elastically by biased movements of the actuating element (x> 0 or x <0) out of the basic position and thereby tensioned.

By the transition from the first to the second, the return means 20 exciting stop 11 → 12 when the travel position x1 is exceeded, an effective lever arm s of the restoring means increases abruptly 20 , in particular by comparing the 2 . 3 recognizable, in which the lever arm s is shown in each case dash-dotted lines.

As a result, the lever arm s over the travel x> 0 of the actuating element 10 in the positive setting direction from the basic position x = 0 two stages.

As a result, a characteristic curve T (x) correspondingly also has a restoring force in the form of a restoring torque T of the restoring means 20 above this travel in the direction of adjustment of the actuating element 10 from the initial position x = 0 two steps up, as in 4 recognizable, which shows the characteristic curve T (x) over the travel x> 0 schematically.

This is the return means 20 formed such that the characteristic T (x) of its restoring force T in the second travel range x> x1 of the actuating element 10 for selecting the lane of the reverse gear, the higher positive stage T2> 0 and in the first travel range [0, x1] of the actuating element 10 for selecting the first to fourth forward speeds, the lower positive stage has 0> T1 <T2, positive values of the characteristic designating restoring forces (or torques, respectively).

As a result, in one embodiment, a lower restoring force T can advantageously be realized in the lower stage T1, thus facilitating, in particular, engagement or selection of forward gears and, at the same time, realizing a significantly higher restoring force in the higher stage T2, thus ensuring in particular a return from the reverse gear shift gate.

Although exemplary embodiments have been explained in the foregoing description, it should be understood that a variety of modifications are possible. It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments are merely examples that are not intended to limit the scope, applications and construction in any way. Rather, the expert is given by the preceding description, a guide for the implementation of at least one exemplary embodiment, with various changes, in particular with regard to the function and arrangement of the components described, can be made without departing from the scope, as it turns out according to the claims and these equivalent combinations of features. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 10 actuator 11 first stop 12 second stop 20 Leg spring (return means) 21 . 22 leg 30 Rotary axis of the actuating element 31 Restoring central axis 40 abutment s lever arm T Resetting torque (restoring force) x Travel Range

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19711237 A1 [0002]

Claims (13)

Actuating device for a manual transmission, comprising a movably mounted actuating element ( 10 ) and a restoring, in particular spring means ( 20 ) for resetting the actuating element ( 10 ) in a basic position (x = 0), wherein a characteristic (T (x)) of a restoring force (T) of the return means ( 20 ) over a travel (x) of the actuating element ( 10 ) has at least two positive stages (T1, T2) in a direction of adjustment from the basic position (x = 0). Actuating device according to the preceding claim, wherein a lever arm (s) of the return means ( 20 ) over the travel (x) of the actuating element ( 10 ) in the direction of adjustment from the basic position (x = 0) has at least two stages. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuating element ( 10 ) a first stop ( 11 ) for tensioning the return means ( 20 ) in a first, in particular the basic position (x = 0) having, Stellwegbereich ([0, x1]) and a spaced therefrom second stop ( 12 ) for tensioning the return means ( 20 ) in a second travel range (x> x1). Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the return means ( 20 ), in particular rotatable, on a return central axis ( 31 ) is arranged. Actuating device according to the preceding claim, wherein the return central axis ( 31 ) from a rotation axis ( 30 ) of the rotatably mounted actuating element ( 10 ) is spaced. Actuating device according to the preceding claims 3 and 4 or 5, wherein the return central axis ( 31 ) between the axis of rotation ( 30 ) and the second stop ( 12 ) and / or the second stop ( 12 ) between the return center axis ( 31 ) and the first stop ( 11 ) is arranged. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the return means comprises a leg spring ( 20 ), in particular. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the return means ( 20 ) is designed such that it by opposing movements of the actuating element ( 10 ) from the initial position (x = 0). Actuating device according to the two preceding claims, wherein the return means comprises a leg spring ( 20 ) with two legs ( 21 . 22 ), in particular, which in opposite directions to an abutment ( 40 ) against which the actuating element ( 10 ) is mounted rotatably. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the, in particular multi-part, actuating element ( 10 ) has a gear shift for actuating the gearbox, which is coupled to a shift shaft of the gearbox. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the return means ( 20 ) is designed such that the characteristic (T (x)) of its restoring force (T) in a Stellwegbereich (x> x1) of the actuating element ( 10 ) for engaging a reverse gear, in particular for selecting a lane of a reverse gear, a higher stage (T2) and in a Stellwegbereich ([0, x1]) of the actuating element ( 10 ) for engaging at least one forward gear, in particular for selecting an alley of at least one forward gear, a lower stage (T1). Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the basic position (x = 0) corresponds to a neutral position and / or a lane of at least one, in particular third, forward gear of the transmission. Motor vehicle with a manual transmission and an actuating device according to one of the preceding claims for actuating the gearbox.

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