DE202015004394U1 - Mobile washing plant for fruit and other fruits and substrates suitable for distillery - Google Patents

Abstract

Mobile washing machine for washing agricultural products with a rotatably driven washing drum (1), the drum body (20) forms screen openings and on the inner circumference of the agricultural products to be cleaned in the axial direction of the drum body (20) are conveyed by means of spiral guides from the inlet side to the outlet side, said the guides are formed as a helical worm (3) which divides the interior of the drum body (20) into separate, spirally merging delivery chambers (32) and in the drum body (20) one or more spraying devices are arranged, characterized in that for cleaning fruit (22) and other fruits and substrates suitable for distillery, the drum body (20) has a sorting table (25) in the region of the drum inlet, and that the drum body (20) is rotatably mounted on a movable storage table (14) and a friction support Rotary drive ( 5, 6) for driving the drum body (20) on the storage table (14) is mounted.

Description

The innovation relates to a mobile washer for fruit and other suitable for the distillery fruits and substrates according to the preamble of the protection claim. 1

A washing plant for cleaning crops is, for example, with the subject of DE 10 2012 102 763 A1 known. It is a cleaning device for cleaning potato or turnip potatoes.

There are several high-pressure nozzles in the region of a rotatably driven washing drum provided to clean the crops with water. The entire system is mounted on a trailer attached to a tractor to be transported to the location of its mission. The rotary drive for the drum is derived from the PTO of the tractor. The supply of water and the drive of the high pressure pump is done with separate units. To transport the material to be cleaned, spirally extending rail-shaped guides are provided on the inner circumference of the washing drum in the longitudinal direction, but do not form separate delivery chambers. The rail-shaped guides can be overflowed by the material to be cleaned.

Such a tractor-dependent device for cleaning crops is therefore not suitable as a mobile fruit washing plant, because it is not easy to build up and dismantle, and can not be assembled and dismantled in a few simple steps without tools.

The DE 1 694 002 U1 describes a fruit, potato and turnip washing machine with a revolving around a horizontal axis washing drum, the mantle of scavenging of about the shape of a narrow rectangle with rounded corners is broken, the axial transport of fruits to be cleaned in the washing drum by a Slanting of the drum is achieved. The lower part of the drum protrudes into a semi-cylindrical, with water-filled wash tank, so that the water passes through the scavenging passages into the interior of the drum to the fruit or vegetable parts stored there.

Disadvantage of this arrangement is the complex structure, the arrangement of a water bath below the drum, which is associated with the disadvantage of contamination of the water bath by the fruit to be treated. Another disadvantage is the low processing power, because the material to be washed runs on the inside of the drum only due to the inclination of the drum along, without the material to be washed is turned during the passage through the drum. Such a system is also not easily assembled and disassembled without tools.

With the GB 2 252 493 A is a car wash for vegetables, such. B. sugar beets disclosed. The system consists essentially of a drum in which a helical coil and numerous spray nozzles are arranged.

By a rotating movement of the drum, the vegetables to be washed are moved past the spray nozzles and thereby washed. The drum is reinforced on the outer circumference with numerous support rings and thus relatively large and heavy. Such a massive training of the system proves indeed in the washing process of heavy crops, such. As sugar beet as an advantage, however, this system can not be easily moved and is designed for a stationary use.

The innovation is therefore based on the task, starting from the GB 2 252 493 A to create a mobile fruit washing plant that is easy to grow and biodegrade, and that allows quick and easy cleaning of fruits and related fruits with high efficiency.

Accordingly, the invention not only relates to fruits to be washed, such as apple, pears, plums, apricots, and the like, but also includes the ability to purify certain plant roots, especially gentian roots and masterwort roots.

The focus of the present innovation is therefore an outside, rotatably driven by a friction drive washing drum, which preferably consists of a trained with round rods drum body, wherein round rods extend in the axial direction to form a mutual distance over the entire drum body, and in the interior of the drum body a Wendelschnecke is arranged, which forms separate delivery chambers through which the fruit to be cleaned in the conveying direction upon rotation of the drum body passes from one delivery chamber into the other. The height of the helical worm extending in the radial direction is selected so that it can not be overflowed by the material to be treated.

The helical screw thus separates the material to be treated in several spiral chambers in the interior of the drum body, so - based on a certain axial length - a much larger amount of Guts can be treated as compared to a washing drum in which the helix is missing or only one spiral Guide is present, so that in both cases, only a straight, directed in the axial direction pass is given.

The helical worm thus acts as a longitudinal conveyor disposed in the interior of the drum to convey the material from the inlet side through the drum to the outlet side to form intermeshing spiral chambers.

In this longitudinal promotion, the material to be treated remains at the bottom of the drum and is gently turned during the run, so that a good cleaning performance is achieved.

During the passage of the fruit, the fruit is preferably supplied from above via a nozzle arm and disposed there, in the drum longitudinal direction successive spray nozzles with a water jet and washed.

The water jet can either be abandoned under the pressure of the house water, or can also be derived from a high-pressure pump.

Important in the innovation is also that no stagnant bath is provided as a rinse, but that the washing water is taken up in a drip tray, however, has a water level that does not protrude into the drum body.

In this way, contact of the fruit to be washed with the collected water is avoided.

The present invention is particularly intended for washing mashy fruit and related fruits and roots, as is necessary for processing in small burners to produce a fermentable mash as an input product of the distillery.

Therefore, if the term "fruit" is used in the following description, the above-mentioned ones are the ones mentioned above. Fruits and roots meant that a small burner needed for the production of a fermentable mash. The term "fruit" is therefore broadly understood in this sense.

In this case, it is preferred if the fruit to be washed at the drum inlet is fed onto a sorting table, wherein it is preferred that a box rest is arranged on the front side in front of the sorting table, on which the boxes filled with the fruit are placed.

Starting from the crate filled with fruit on the sorting table, it is emptied on the sorting table. It can be presorted and emptied there clearly visible fruit and in particular foreign bodies, stones and other unwanted material are sorted out.

The presorted fruit is now pushed by hand into an inlet funnel at the outlet of the sorting table, where it passes by gravity into the inlet region of the washing drum.

In order to ensure a particularly light and mobile construction, it is provided that the sorting table with the box rest attached to it can be connected to the storage table for the storage of the washing drum in an easily detachable manner.

The easily detachable connection may consist of a screw or a suspension connection.

Likewise, it is preferred according to the innovation, when the drum body of the washing drum is constructed on a mobile storage table, and also the drive of the drum body is mounted on this storage table to make the storage table with the washing drum mounted there easy to transport.

In a further development, it may be provided that the outlet funnel attached to the outlet side of the drum body is designed to be detachable.

So there are now a total of two separable parts that are easily connected to each other. These are the sorting table and the storage table for receiving the washing drum.

Because of this fact, the two parts are easy to spend in different places and can be assembled easily and without tools.

It is particularly advantageous if the drum body consists of a plurality of round rods extending in the axial direction, which result in a screen spacing of approximately 20 mm between them, with each round rod preferably having a diameter of 5 mm. A helical worm arranged in the interior has a screw height of 120 mm. The dimensions given are merely preferred and do not limit the scope of the innovation.

The height and type of helical screw is variable within wide limits, and it is preferred that all metal parts used here are made of a stainless steel to ensure hygienic processing of the fruit.

In particular, a multi-start helical screw is preferred, which consists for example of five helical turns.

After the drive motor used is attached as a friction motor directly on the storage table, it can be supplied with 220 volts AC, in another embodiment, a three-phase motor can be used.

The water inlet can be derived from a standard domestic water connection.

It is preferred if, in the arrangement of a spray arm, which preferably extends over the entire axial length of the drum body, the spray nozzles used are arranged at a mutual distance, wherein, for example, each formed by the helical screw feed chamber can be associated with a spray nozzle.

In another embodiment, however, it can also be provided that in a five-speed helical screw only three spray nozzles are present, which supply only the middle three delivery chambers of the helical screw with a water jet.

It is preferred if the spray nozzles used are adjustable in their spray performance. They can therefore be calibrated separately.

Likewise, the water supply can be provided to the spray nozzles via a water manifold, each spray nozzle is provided with a separate water inlet, and this water supply is also adjustable.

Overall, it was found that the construction of the inventive plant does not take more than five minutes.

When presorting the fruit on the sorting table, it is already possible to sort out rotten fruit, stones, etc. If then the fruit is conveyed by hand in the inlet funnel, a further sorting can be made there as well. Nevertheless, if stones or other foreign bodies were overlooked, these foreign bodies are noticeable by a loud rattling in the drum body during operation of the washing drum and can then be removed.

With a preferred axial length of the washing drum of 700 mm results from the use of a five-speed helical screw with a corresponding five delivery chambers total effective length of a car wash of nine meters, over which the fruit can be reliably cleaned.

The spray heads are height adjustable and stones up to a size of 18 mm fall through the round bars or reveal themselves by rattling on the metal of the drum body.

The fruit thus washed is collected at the outlet of the drum body via a discharge funnel in a suitable container, such as a fruit box.

Overall, it is envisaged that the drive motor, which operates as a friction drive, only drives the drum body with, for example, ten revolutions per minute, whereby a low torque is required and the drum can be stopped at any time in an emergency by hand.

It achieves a high washing performance, as it can achieve a processing capacity of 800 kg per hour of fruit.

Likewise, the entire system is easy to clean after use, because it is preferably made of stainless steel and can be cleaned with a jet of water.

The water consumption is variable and can range from a few liters to about 800 liters per hour.

In a further development can also be provided that parallel to the nozzle arm at least at the outlet end of a compressed air nozzle is arranged, which sweeps the fruit located in the outlet side last delivery chamber with a compressed air jet to achieve rapid drying.

It is also possible to form the stationary nozzles as rotary nozzles.

Likewise, it is possible in another embodiment, not to arrange the nozzle arm fixed in the interior of the drum body, but form this as a rotating nozzle arm.

The subject invention of the present innovation is not only the subject of the individual claims, but also from the combination of individual protection claims with each other.

All information and features disclosed in the documents, including the abstract, in particular the spatial design shown in the drawings, are claimed to be essential to the invention insofar as they are novel individually or in combination with respect to the prior art.

Insofar as individual objects are designated as "essential to the invention" or "important", this does not mean that these items necessarily have to be the subject of an independent claim. This is determined solely by the current version of the independent protection claim.

In the following, the innovation will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing only one embodiment. Here are from the drawings and their description further features essential to the invention and advantages of the innovation out.

Show it:

1 : Side view of a mobile fruit washing plant after the innovation

2 : the front view of the fruit washing plant in the direction of the arrow II in 1

3 : A detailed view in the interior of the drum body with further details

4 : Diagram of an exploded view of the assignment of the race of the washing drum and the roller

5 : Schematically illustrates an alternative drive device for the rotary drive of the washing drum

The mobile fruit washing plant after the innovation essentially consists of a washing drum 1 holding a drum body 20 has, which is formed from a number of parallel to each other and a mutual distance to each other engaging round rods.

The length of the drum body is about 700 mm, the diameter about 630 mm.

The numbers given here are to be understood as examples only and in no way limit the innovation. It should only be made clear that it is a relatively small-built fruit washing plant with high mobility, which can be spent quickly due to their small size at any location and built there.

In the interior of the drum body 20 is a nozzle arm extending in the axial direction 2 arranged, in the embodiment shown in the three spaced apart succession spray nozzles 18 are arranged according to 2 each one downwardly directed spray 19 on the fruit to be cleaned 22 submit.

In the interior of the drum body 20 is according to 1 to 3 a multi-turn helical screw 3 arranged, which preferably consists of a continuous, continuous sheet of a stainless steel, wherein in the illustrated embodiment, the helical screw 3 is formed five-fold and a total of five successive delivery chambers 32a - 32d (please refer 3 ) trains. The spiral screw 5 Therefore, it works as a longitudinal conveyor with which the material to be washed is conveyed from the inlet side to the outlet side to form 5 spiral chambers in the washing drum at the bottom along.

At the outlet end of the drum body 20 is a discharge funnel 4 arranged, and as a friction drive is a drive motor 5 that has a gearbox 6 the drive rollers 13 drives synchronously. The drive rollers lie under frictional engagement on the outer circumference of a raceway 7 on, which is occupied in a preferred embodiment with an additional, friction-increasing material. Such a material may for example be a dental tape 24 be a non-toothed elastomeric tape or simply a roughened surface, which is formed for example as a corrugated surface.

The drive motor 5 and the gearbox 6 are in a tubular holder 8th taken up, the front side of the storage table 14 the washing drum 1 is arranged.

The storage table 14 has four support legs 15 , each with roles 16 are provided. The support legs 15 are connected by crossbeams. On the storage table is the pivot bearing for the holder of the drum body 20 arranged.

The pivot bearing consists of two mutually spaced bearing trusses 17 (inlet and outlet side of the drum body 20 ), and on each bearing truss 17 are each radial rollers 9 arranged. The input-side radial rollers are denoted by the reference numeral 9 and the output side radial rollers according to 2 with the reference number 10 designated.

The inlet side arrangement of the radial rollers 9 is exactly the same kind as it is in 2 with respect to the radial rollers 10 indicated on the outlet side.

For axial displacement assurance of the drum body 20 are each on the inlet side left and right of the race 7 axial rollers 11 . 12 arranged so that the raceway 7 between the axial rollers 11 . 12 rests and is supported there in the axial direction against displacement.

During the process becomes one with fruit 22 filled box on the front crate shelf 26 of sorting table 25 The fruit is put on the sorting surface by hand 27 the sorting table poured. The sorting table 25 has a circumferential edge 30 so that no material can fall off the sorting table.

The sorting of the fruit takes place on the sorting surface 27 , Bad or deficient fruit and foreign bodies are already removed there.

The presorted fruit is manually in the direction of the arrow 29 on the obliquely downward inlet funnel 28 given where the fruit is gravitationally in the interior of the drum body 20 arrives and in the area of the first delivery chamber 32a , In this process, a further sorting can be done.

The of the spray nozzles 18 downward spraying 19 also reach into the first delivery chamber 32a into it, and the spray nozzles are aligned with their spray jets so that all delivery chambers 32a - 32d with the spray 19 the respective spray nozzles 18 be supplied.

The drum is running according to 2 in the direction of the arrow 23 around, and thus the fruit is in the conveying direction 31 Gentle due to the overlay on the round rods 21 of the drum body 20 of delivery chamber 32a to the delivery chamber 32d conveyed at the bottom of the drum body to form a prolonged washing line to the outlet end.

It is merely indicated by drawing that below the drum body 20 a drip tray 33 is arranged, which is only partially shown.

It is important that the water level in the drip tray 33 not to the funding chambers 32 protrudes, so that the fruit to be washed is always kept free of contact with the collected washing water.

As soon as foreign objects are noticed in the course of the washing process, which may also be revealed by rattling or clanking, the washing drum can 1 be stopped and the foreign body are sorted out. It is even possible with rotating drum body 20 engage in the drum body, because the drive torque is so low that in this case the drum body 20 stop.

After washing, the washed fruit on the outlet funnel 4 into a box or other container held there.

In a further development of the innovation is provided that in addition to the fruit to be cleaned and so-called washing balls are mitbefördert in the washing process. These are studded spherical plastic bodies, the size of tennis balls or golf balls, which, during the washing process, roll on the fruit to be cleaned and achieve a certain brushing effect on the fruit in order to further improve the cleaning effect.

The separation of the entrained washing balls of the cleaned fruit takes place at the exit of the drum body, wherein at the outlet end sieve openings are provided, which are overcome by the fruit to be cleaned, but not from the washing balls, so that the washing balls have a much smaller diameter than the fruit to be cleaned , And the washing balls provided with a smaller diameter then fall into a sieve opening and are discharged via a separate outlet and can be fed back on the inlet side.

Important in the present innovation is that everything above by the washing process for fruit 22 described, can also be done with other agricultural products, which are also beneficial for the small burner. In particular, gentian roots or other aromatized plants and fruit pieces suitable for distillery can be combined with the washing drum according to the invention 1 getting washed.

The 4 shows a possible embodiment for the rotary drive of the washing drum 1 with the roller 9 which has an annular groove in its central area 39 in which the dental tape 24 on the outer circumference of the race 7 the washing drum 1 engages fittingly and positively.

The dental tape 24 is thus no Hertzian pressure (walken) and no unnecessary wear by the roller 9 exposed.

This is also the roller 9 from wear by the toothed belt 24 protected.

The smoothness is maintained.

In 5 is another possibility for the rotary drive of the washing drum 1 shown. A drive belt 38 is about two a mutual distance engaging recirculating rollers 35 . 36 cocked, with the right-hand roller 36 is designed as a driven roller, while the opposite circulating roller 35 not driven.

The drive belt 38 is through a central tension pulley 37 tense and thus lies the washing drum 1 with her race 34 on the drive belts 38 frictionally engaged and is rotationally driven in the indicated direction of the arrow.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

washing drum

2

nozzle arm

3

spiral screw

4

discharge hopper

5

drive motor

6

transmission

7

race

8th

bracket

9

Roller (radial)

10

Roller (radial)

11

Roller (axial)

12

Roller (axial)

13

capstan

14

storage table

15

outrigger

16

role

17

bearing support

18

spray nozzle

19

spray

20

drum body

21

round bar

22

fruit

23

arrow

24

toothed belt

25

sorting table

26

crate holder

27

sorting area

28

feed hopper

29

arrow

30

Edge (from 25 )

31

conveying direction

32

Delivery chamber a-d

33

drip tray

34

race

35

revolving roller

36

revolving roller

37

idler

38

drive belts

39

ring groove

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102012102763 A1 [0002]
• DE 1694002 U1 [0005]
• GB 2252493 A [0007, 0009]

Claims (10)

Mobile washing machine for washing agricultural products with a rotating drum ( 1 ), whose drum body ( 20 ) Screen openings and on the inner circumference of the agricultural products to be cleaned in the axial direction of the drum body ( 20 ) are conveyed by means of spiral guides from the inlet side to the outlet side, wherein the guides as a helical screw ( 3 ) are formed, which the interior of the drum body ( 20 ) separated from each other, spirally merging into each other conveying chambers ( 32 ) and in the drum body ( 20 ) One or more spray devices are arranged, characterized in that (for the cleaning of fruit 22 ) and other suitable for the distillery fruits and substrates, the drum body ( 20 ) in the area of the drum inlet a sorting table ( 25 ) and that the drum body ( 20 ) rotatable on a movable storage table ( 14 ) is arranged and a friction-assisted rotary drive ( 5 . 6 ) for driving the drum body ( 20 ) on the storage table ( 14 ) is mounted. Washing installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the sorting table ( 25 ) easily detachable with the storage table ( 14 ) is connectable. Car wash according to claim 2, characterized in that the releasable connection is a screw or a suspension connection. Washing installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drum body ( 20 ) arranged evenly distributed on the circumference, extending in the axial direction round rods ( 21 ) is formed, which form the screen openings between them. Washing installation according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the helical screw ( 3 ) a plurality of conveying technology separated delivery chambers ( 32a - 32d ) trains. Washing installation according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that on one, in the axial direction of the drum body ( 20 ) extending, arranged on the ceiling side of the drum body nozzle arm ( 2 ) a plurality of spaced spray nozzles (US Pat. 18 ) are arranged, one down into the delivery chamber ( 32a - 32d ) directed spray jet ( 19 ) produce. Washing installation according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at the outlet end of the drum body ( 20 ) A removable discharge funnel is arranged. Washing installation according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that on the front side of the sorting table ( 25 ) an elevated box tray ( 26 ) is arranged. Washing installation according to one of claims 1 or 8, characterized in that the drive motor ( 5 ) and a transmission ( 6 ) in a tubular holder ( 8th ) are received, the front side of the storage table ( 14 ) the washing drum ( 1 ) is arranged. Washing installation according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the from the screen openings between the round bars ( 21 ) running wash water in a drip tray ( 33 ), whose liquid level does not come into contact with the material to be washed.

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