DE202013100114U1 - Exhaust gas heat exchanger with integrated silencer and arrangement with exhaust gas heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

Exhaust gas heat exchanger with integrated silencer, in particular for a combined heat and power plant, comprising:
A housing (1) with an exhaust gas inlet (2) for the exhaust gas supply and an exhaust gas outlet (3) for exhaust gas discharge,
A silencer (12) formed in the housing (1) with a silencer volume (14) such that, in use, an exhaust gas flow in the silencer (12) from a silencer entrance through the silencer volume (14) to a silencer exit in the longitudinal direction of the silencer Housing (1) is formed, and
A heat exchanger (9) which is formed in the housing (1) with a heat exchanger volume (13), such that in operation an exhaust gas flow in the heat exchanger (9) from a heat exchanger inlet through the heat exchanger volume (13) to a heat exchanger outlet in the longitudinal direction of Housing (1) is formed,
wherein the exhaust gas flow in the muffler (12) and the exhaust gas flow in the heat exchanger (9) are formed as axial, linear flows with opposite flow directions.

Description

The invention relates to an exhaust gas heat exchanger with integrated silencer, in particular for a combined heat and power plant, and an arrangement with exhaust gas heat exchanger.

background

In conjunction with combined heat and power plants, the exhaust gas heat exchanger is used for heat recovery. The silencer serves to fulfill requirements with regard to a permissible sound level in gas-powered combined heat and power plants. Systems are known in which heat exchangers and exhaust silencers are connected in series in separate housings. Such a system is for example in the document DE 298 17 756 U1 described.

On the other hand, exhaust gas heat exchangers are known in which heat exchangers and mufflers are arranged in a common housing. In the document EP 1 021 644 B1 an exhaust gas heat exchanger is described in which the exhaust gas is guided tangentially in the heat exchanger within double-walled pipes by means of a spiral guide. After passing through the heat exchanger, the exhaust gas enters a silencer.

In the document GB 345,895 A discloses a muffler, wherein the exhaust gas is guided in the muffler along a spiral guide. An outer housing jacket of the muffler is designed double-walled, so that a heat exchanger volume is formed, which is flowed through by a heat exchange fluid to absorb heat energy from the exhaust gas carried in the housing.

In the document DE 29 09 530 A1 a sound-insulated exhaust gas heat exchanger is described in which a muffler volume is flowed through by the exhaust gas. The silencer volume is externally surrounded by a heat exchanger volume, such that a heat exchanger fluid conducted in the heat exchanger volume can absorb heat energy from the exhaust gas via the common wall of silencer volume and heat exchanger volume.

Summary

The object of the invention is to provide an exhaust gas heat exchanger with integrated silencer and an arrangement with such an exhaust gas heat exchanger, which allow a compact design and an efficient exhaust system both for sound insulation and for heat recovery.

This object is achieved by an exhaust gas heat exchanger with integrated silencer according to independent claim 1. Furthermore, an arrangement with such an exhaust gas heat exchanger according to independent claim 12 is provided. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of dependent subclaims.

An exhaust gas heat exchanger with integrated silencer, in particular for a combined heat and power plant, is provided which has a housing with an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet. The exhaust gas to be used for heat recovery reaches the exhaust gas heat exchanger via the exhaust gas inlet. For example, it is the exhaust gas of a gas-powered combined heat and power plant. The remaining exhaust gas then leaves the exhaust gas heat exchanger via the exhaust gas outlet of the housing. In the housing, a silencer is arranged. The muffler has a muffler volume such that, during operation in the muffler, an exhaust stream is formed from a muffler inlet through the muffler volume to a muffler exit in the longitudinal direction of the housing. In operation, the exhaust gas used for heat recovery may, for example, pass from the exhaust gas inlet to the muffler inlet, wherein one or more functional elements may be arranged therebetween, for example an exhaust gas catalytic converter.

The housing then receives a heat exchanger, which is formed in the housing with a heat exchanger volume, such that in operation in the heat exchanger, an exhaust gas stream is formed by a heat exchanger inlet through the heat exchanger volume to a heat exchanger outlet. The exhaust gas flow in the heat exchanger also runs in the longitudinal direction of the housing, but in the opposite direction to the exhaust gas flow in the muffler. The exhaust streams in the muffler and in the heat exchanger are formed as axial, linear flows with opposite flow directions.

The heat exchanger can be located downstream of the exhaust muffler in the course of the exhaust gas flow from the exhaust gas inlet to the exhaust gas outlet, which means that the exhaust gas in the housing passes from the muffler outlet to the heat exchanger inlet. In another embodiment, the muffler in the housing downstream of the heat exchanger in the course of the exhaust gas flow from the exhaust gas inlet to the exhaust gas outlet, such that the exhaust gas flows in the housing from the heat exchanger exit to the muffler inlet. It can be provided an embodiment in which muffler and heat exchanger in the housing of the exhaust gas heat exchanger in their relative position are fixed to each other, said exhaust ports on the housing in a Operating modes as exhaust gas inlet and outlet and vice versa are used in another mode, so that the flow path is reversed in both modes. Once the silencer volume is flowed through in front of the heat exchanger volume. In the other mode this is reversed. In this way, an exhaust gas heat exchanger with bidirectional flow path is created, ie opposite flow patterns in different operating modes.

The housing may be designed as a stretched cylindrical housing. There may be provided various cross-sectional shapes, for example, square or round. The housing may be provided with a housing insulation, for example on the outer surface of a housing container. The housing can be positioned standing, lying or with a tilt angle.

According to a further aspect, an arrangement is provided with a gas-operated cogeneration plant and an exhaust gas heat exchanger with integrated silencer, in which the exhaust gas heat exchanger couples to an exhaust gas outlet of the combined heat and power plant. Here, the exhaust gas heat exchanger of the sound insulation in the operation of the combined heat and power plant and additionally the heat recovery. Heat exchangers and silencers are arranged in one and the same housing, which ensures a compact design. The exhaust gas heat exchanger with integrated silencer can be installed as a compact unit during the construction of the combined heat and power plant.

In these or other embodiments, there is the advantage that the housing also serves to receive the muffler, so that a separate stainless steel housing for the muffler is saved. Compared to a known series connection of heat exchanger and muffler also eliminates piping between the housings of muffler and heat exchanger. Also, the cost of thermal insulation with separate execution of heat exchanger and muffler is reduced. By means of the integration of muffler and heat exchanger in the proposed exhaust gas heat exchanger, the area-volume ratio of the components decreases. As a result, variables associated with the surface, in particular heat and sound radiation, are minimized.

A further embodiment provides that the heat exchanger volume in the housing is at least partially surrounding the muffler. Heat exchanger volume and muffler overlap in the longitudinal direction of the housing partially or even completely.

In one embodiment, it can be provided that the heat exchanger is formed with one or more exhaust tube bundles, which are arranged in the heat exchanger volume and are flowed through by the exhaust gas in operation, such that the exhaust gas is guided in the one or more exhaust tube bundles along a heat exchanger flow direction and the one or more exhaust tube bundles are flowed around by a heat exchange fluid guided through the heat exchanger volume. The one or more exhaust tube bundles may be formed with mutually parallel exhaust pipes. The exhaust pipes may be straight, extending in the longitudinal direction of the housing tubes. In the radial direction to the longitudinal direction of the housing, the one or more exhaust pipe bundles can be designed in one or more layers. The exhaust pipes of one or more exhaust pipe bundles may be provided with the same or different cross sections. It can be provided that one or more exhaust tube bundles are supported on the housing inner wall of the housing. Alternatively, a distance between the or the exhaust pipe bundles and the housing inner wall may be provided. Similarly, one or more exhaust tube bundles may be disposed on an outer wall of the muffler or spaced therefrom. The one or more exhaust pipe bundles are flowed around one or more sides of the heat exchange fluid.

One embodiment provides that the one or more exhaust tube bundles are disposed in the heat exchanger volume around the muffler. The one or more exhaust tube bundles may be arranged completely encompassing the muffler. It may be provided around the muffler around a closed tube bundle shell.

Preferably, a training provides that the muffler volume is arranged in the housing center. The muffler volume can be arranged centrally or off-center in the housing.

In an advantageous embodiment it can be provided that the muffler or the heat exchanger outlet fluidly coupled to a deflection, which is arranged in the housing and is suitable, the exiting the muffler or the heat exchanger outlet exhaust circumferentially radially to the longitudinal direction of the housing to the heat exchanger / muffler input to redirect. The deflection region may be arranged in the end of the housing. The deflection can be formed with a deflection chamber. It can be provided that the exhaust gas flow leaving the respective outlet is located on an opposite end wall of the housing is diverted. Additionally or alternatively, baffles may be provided, which are arranged, for example, on an inner wall of the housing. The deflection region can be accessible via one or more frontal housing openings, for example for maintenance. Assigned housing closures can be welded or detachably mounted, for example by means of a screw connection. In the deflection, more sound insulation can be arranged. In the formation of a deflection chamber, this can be embodied as a resonator or a resonator chamber, in particular as a so-called Helmholtz resonator (reflection sound insulation), in order to at least attenuate individual frequencies and / or frequency ranges, in particular an ignition frequency in the nth order.

A development may provide that the muffler is formed with a replaceable muffler insert. The muffler may be formed with a muffler housing and a muffler insert disposed therein. The housing may delimit the muffler from the heat exchanger in the housing. The replaceable muffler insert supports replacement on wear or for reworking. On the other hand, it may be provided to use different muffler inserts to form different damping properties, for example in connection with the adaptation of the exhaust gas heat exchanger to different types of combined heat and power plants and / or to be damped sound spectra.

A preferred development provides that the silencer is formed with a silencer of at least one of the following types: resonance, reflection and absorption silencer. Reflection silencers use the sound reflection for sound absorption, for example by means of sound reflections in chambers. Alternatively or additionally, the muffler may be formed with other types of mufflers, for example, a mineral wool-using muffler. The muffler may be formed with a reflection and / or an absorption muffler. It may be provided to form the muffler with a core having one or more perforated plates, and mineral wool, which then also has an absorption ratio.

In an expedient embodiment, it can be provided that the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet are arranged in the same housing end region. The exhaust inlet and the exhaust outlet may be disposed adjacent to each other on the housing. The exhaust gas inlet can be arranged at the end, for example at the front side of the housing. The exhaust outlet may be formed on a radially encircling surface of the housing. Exhaust gas inlet and exhaust gas outlet can have the same or different cross sections.

An advantageous embodiment provides that in the housing an input volume, which is downstream of the exhaust gas inlet and optionally already part of the muffler is formed by an output volume through which the exhaust gas flows after leaving the heat exchanger outlet to the exhaust outlet. From the exhaust port of the housing, the exhaust gas flows into the input volume, which may already be part of the muffler. The input volume is so far downstream of the exhaust gas inlet in the flow direction and may be formed end in the housing. The input volume passes through an output volume which is upstream of the exhaust gas outlet. Input and output volumes are separated. The output volume may extend across the entire cross-section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the housing. Input and output volumes can be arranged on the opposite side of the housing to the deflection.

Preferably, a training provides that in the housing an exhaust gas catalyst is arranged. The catalytic converter may be removably disposed in the housing. The exhaust gas inlet forms a so-called hot side of the exhaust gas heat exchanger, on which the exhaust gas catalytic converter can be arranged. In one embodiment, the catalytic converter is formed in the input volume downstream of the exhaust gas inlet. The exhaust gas catalytic converter can be installed upstream of or behind the silencer, downstream of the exhaust gas inlet. If the muffler is designed, for example, as a combined reflection and absorption muffler, for example with a mineral wool insulation, the catalytic converter is preferably arranged in front of the absorption element. As a result, for example, a clogging of fine chambers of the catalyst can be avoided by mineral wool from the muffler.

Description of preferred embodiments

In the following, further embodiments will be explained in more detail with reference to figures of a drawing. Hereby show:

1 a schematic representation of an exhaust gas heat exchanger with integrated silencer from the front and the side,

2 a schematic representation of the exhaust gas heat exchanger 1 in plan view and a sectional view along a line CC,

3 a schematic representation of the exhaust gas heat exchanger 1 in the elevation and

4 a schematic representation of the exhaust gas heat exchanger 1 in longitudinal section along a line AA.

1 shows an exhaust gas heat exchanger with integrated silencer in front view and from the side. On a housing 1 are nozzles for an exhaust gas inlet 2 and an exhaust outlet 3 educated. About the exhaust inlet 2 the waste gas to be used for heat recovery is supplied to the exhaust gas heat exchanger, which is supplied for example by an output of a combined heat and power plant (not shown). The housing 1 is cylindrical in the illustrated embodiment with a round cross section. The housing 1 is for example made of a steel container. The exhaust inlet 2 of the housing 1 is on a front side 4 arranged. In the same end area 5 is in the embodiment shown, the exhaust outlet 3 adjacent to the exhaust inlet 2 arranged.

In another embodiment, the flow pattern may be reversed, such that the hot exhaust gas via the then serving as an input exhaust outlet 3 flows in and over the exhaust port used in this case as the output 2 is derived.

On the opposite end 6 of the housing 1 For example, a housing opening with an associated lid (not shown) may be provided to provide access to the interior of the housing 1 provide, for example, for maintenance purposes or for the replacement of components of the exhaust gas heat exchanger. In the housing areas (chambers), which are the exhaust gas inlet 2 and / or the exhaust outlet 3 in the case 1 Downstream, connections may be provided to dissipate any precipitated condensate.

According to 1 are on the case 1 furthermore connecting piece for a supply line 7 as well as a derivative 8th a heat exchange fluid provided. About the supply line 7 a heat exchange fluid is introduced, which absorbs heat energy of the exhaust gas flow in the exhaust gas heat exchanger and then via the discharge line 8th leaves the exhaust gas heat exchanger. Connecting piece for the supply line 7 and the derivative 8th can depending on internal configuration on the case 1 be positioned.

Subsequently, the exhaust gas heat exchanger is off 1 with reference to the 2 to 4 further explained.

Out 2 it turns out that inside the case 1 a heat exchanger 9 with exhaust pipe bundles 10 is formed, which in the embodiment shown on an inner wall 11 of the housing 1 abut and radially inward, multi-layered in the direction of a muffler 12 extend.

According to the 3 and 4 the tube bundles extend 10 in the longitudinal direction of the housing 1 around the muffler 12 around. The tube bundles 10 are in a heat exchanger volume 13 arranged, which in fluid communication with the supply line 7 as well as the derivative 8th stands. In operation, the heat exchanger volume 13 from the over the supply line 7 flows through supplied heat exchanger fluid. It flows along the exhaust pipe bundle 10 between supply line 7 and derivative 8th

By means of arranging guide elements, for example baffles (not shown), the heat exchange fluid serving as cooling medium can be in the heat exchanger volume 13 forcibly guided, whereby, for example, the cooling of the exhaust gas can be optimized. The guide elements can be carried out in such a way, for example with slot and / or bore, that an emptying and a filling of resulting chambers with the cooling medium is made possible. One or more emptying and filling connections can be provided (not shown) whose position on the housing 1 can be freely selected, in particular depending on its installation.

The exhaust pipe bundle 10 completely surrounds a silencer volume 14 of the muffler 12 , which in turn is in a silencer tube 15 is formed. The silencer volume 14 couples via an input volume 16 to the gas inlet 2 , The input volume 16 runs through an initial volume 17 through which passes out of a heat exchanger outlet 18 escaping gas to the exhaust outlet 3 get there. The initial volume 17 encompasses the input volume 16 completely and is about the cross section of the housing 1 educated.

It can be provided that in the input volume 16 an exhaust gas catalyst (not shown) is arranged.

In operation, the exhaust gas passes through the exhaust gas inlet 2 and the input volume 16 through to a muffler input 19 what the muffler volume 14 follows, which is traversed by the exhaust gas, so that the exhaust gas then to a muffler output 20 arrives. In the silencer volume 14 are sound-absorbing elements formed, for example, to implement a sound reflection insulation. It can be provided that the muffler volume 14 at least partially formed in a removable muffler insert (not shown).

After leaving the muffler 12 over the silencer exit 20 the exhaust gas flow reaches a deflection area 21 in the case 1 where the exhaust gas flow in the embodiment shown radially encircling in a heat exchanger inlet 22 is deflected, ie in associated openings of the exhaust pipe bundle 10 , The deflection of the exhaust gas flow takes place in particular on the front side 6 of the housing 1 , At the deflection area 21 in the case 1 may couple a port (not shown) to drain any condensate that may be leaking.

The features of the invention disclosed in the foregoing description, in the claims and in the drawing may be of importance both individually and in any combination for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 29817756 U1 [0002]
• EP 1021644 B1 [0003]
• GB 345895 A [0004]
• DE 2909530 A1 [0005]

Claims (12)

Exhaust gas heat exchanger with integrated silencer, in particular for a combined heat and power plant, comprising: - a housing ( 1 ) with an exhaust gas inlet ( 2 ) to the exhaust gas supply and an exhaust gas outlet ( 3 ) for exhaust gas discharge, - a silencer ( 12 ), which in the housing ( 1 ) with a silencer volume ( 14 ) is formed, such that during operation, an exhaust gas stream in the muffler ( 12 ) from a muffler input through the muffler volume ( 14 ) to a silencer exit in the longitudinal direction of the housing ( 1 ), and - a heat exchanger ( 9 ), which in the housing ( 1 ) with a heat exchanger volume ( 13 ) is formed, such that in operation an exhaust gas flow in the heat exchanger ( 9 ) from a heat exchanger inlet through the heat exchanger volume ( 13 ) to a heat exchanger outlet in the longitudinal direction of the housing ( 1 ), wherein the exhaust gas flow in the muffler ( 12 ) and the exhaust gas flow in the heat exchanger ( 9 ) are formed as axial, linear flows with opposite flow directions. Exhaust gas heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger volume ( 13 ) in the housing ( 1 ) the silencer ( 12 ) is formed at least partially surrounding. Exhaust gas heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heat exchanger ( 9 ) with one or more exhaust tube bundles ( 10 ) formed in the heat exchanger volume ( 13 ) are arranged and are flowed through in the operation of the exhaust gas, such that the exhaust gas in the one or more exhaust pipe bundles ( 10 ) is guided along a heat exchanger flow direction and the one or more exhaust tube bundles ( 10 ) of one through the heat exchanger volume ( 13 ) guided heat exchange fluid are flowed around. Exhaust heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that the one or more exhaust tube bundles ( 10 ) in the heat exchanger volume ( 13 ) around the silencer ( 12 ) are arranged around. Exhaust gas heat exchanger according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the silencer volume ( 14 ) is arranged in the housing center. Flue gas heat exchanger according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the muffler or the heat exchanger output fluidly to a deflection region ( 21 ) which is arranged in the housing and is suitable for deflecting the exhaust gas emerging from the muffler or the heat exchanger outlet circumferentially radially to the longitudinal direction of the housing to the heat exchanger / muffler input out. Exhaust gas heat exchanger according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the silencer ( 12 ) is formed with a replaceable silencer insert. Exhaust gas heat exchanger according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the silencer ( 12 ) is formed with a silencer of at least one of the following types: resonance, reflection and absorption silencer. Exhaust gas heat exchanger according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust gas inlet ( 2 ) and the exhaust outlet ( 3 ) are arranged in the same housing end region. Flue gas heat exchanger according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the housing ( 1 ) an input volume which the exhaust gas inlet ( 2 ) and optionally already part of the muffler ( 12 ), is formed by an output volume, through which the exhaust gas after leaving the heat exchanger exit to the exhaust gas outlet ( 3 ) flows. Flue gas heat exchanger according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the housing ( 1 ) An exhaust gas catalyst is arranged. Arrangement with a gas-operated cogeneration plant and an exhaust gas heat exchanger according to at least one of the preceding claims, which couples to an exhaust gas outlet of the cogeneration plant.

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