DE202011005374U1 - Device for thermal insulation of a building with vacuum insulation panels - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for thermal insulation of a building with several vacuum insulation panels attached to a component designed as a ceiling, wall or the like, the vacuum insulation panels having a vacuum enclosed by walls, and holding the vacuum insulation panels (6-9) on the component (5, 13, 16) Anchors (3, 18), characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels (6-9) have recesses (2) through which the anchors (3) can pass.

Description

The innovation concerns a device for thermal insulation of a building with vacuum insulation panels. The use of these vacuum insulation panels can be used in clad exterior walls directly on exterior walls as a thermal insulation composite system, on the inside on exterior walls as interior insulation and on ceilings that are to be insulated from below to be executed.

Vacuum insulation panels are used in construction where a low thermal insulation thickness is required to achieve a high thermal resistance. The plate thickness is for conventional insulation only about 20% with the same insulating effect.

Corresponding vacuum insulation panels are well known. They are usually made as square plates. At the construction site, VIPs can no longer be cut, otherwise the vacuum escapes from the VIP and the thermal insulation effect would amount to only approx. 25% of the vacuum insulation panel. For this reason, the VIPs have to be treated gently at the construction site. In addition, these plates can not be nailed or screwed to components.

The vacuum insulation panels are usually glued to the components to be insulated. Another possible application is the installation of vacuum insulation panels as high-quality thermal insulation in clam shell exterior walls.

To permanently attach the vacuum insulation panels to walls or ceilings as thermal insulation, this is done in addition to by gluing in addition by a screw into the underlying component. The same applies to cladding that must be installed in front of the vacuum insulation panels to protect the insulation panels from mechanical damage.

Corresponding thermal insulation systems are z. B. from the DE 10 2004 033 607 A1 ). known. In these systems, wire anchors are walled into the bearing joints to secure the outer and inner masonry shells. The outer shell, which as a rule consists of facing bricks, is then bricked in after installation of the thermal insulation and connected by the anchors to the inner shell for reasons of stability. In this system, the thermal insulation is pierced by the wire anchors.

Due to the CO2 reduction program of Germany and the resulting tightening of the Energy Saving Ordinance, the passive house standard will be pursued in the future. This means that an outer wall must reach a U-value of approx. 0.15 W / m ² K. This can be achieved with conventional insulation only with an insulation thickness of 25 cm.

When using a vacuum insulation panel this insulation value could be achieved with 5 cm thickness. The outer wall thickness would thereby reduce from 56.5 to 36.5 cm. This means that the effective area per meter of storey wall would increase by 0.20 m ² and would therefore make economic sense.

The conventional thermal insulation boards are always pierced by the wire anchors (5 pieces per m ² ) in the double-shell masonry. This must never happen during the execution of the insulation with vacuum insulation panels. Otherwise, every slight damage to the vacuum panel (VIP) would worsen the thermal insulation effect by a factor of 2.5, since the vacuum in the VIP then drops and air flows in.

The novelty is based on the problem to provide a thermal insulation for different wall elements, which has a high adhesion to the component and a high thermal insulation.

This problem is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the innovation are mentioned in the subclaims.

For clam shell exterior walls DIN 1053 bears the weight of the outer shell (facing masonry) down over a Auflagerung in a foundation itself. The wind suction forces occurring on the outside are transmitted by wire anchors from the outer shell into the supporting wall of the inner shell.

The innovation is also suitable for thermal insulation of clam shell wall elements, the conventional insulation thickness reduced by the same insulation effect by 5 times, which is easy to attach with little heat bridges to the supporting masonry shell and this attachment at the same time the required static connection to the outer shell (facing masonry ).

The object is achieved according to the innovation by the features contained in the marked part of claim 1, wherein expedient further applications of innovation in the field of conventional walls and ceilings are characterized by the features contained in the subclaims.

To DIN 1053 At least 5 wire anchors per m ² must be installed to anchor the attachment shell. These wire anchors must be designed in height so that they always walled in a bearing joint of the facing masonry can be. Because the bricks after DIN 1053 standardized, one can assume that at a distance of 50 cm always a bearing joint is present and in this area a wire anchor can be set.

Conveniently, the vacuum insulation elements are dimensioned so that they fit into the 50 cm grid. They are manufactured as square plates 50 × 50 cm in the factory calculated by the thickness calculated in the thermal insulation verification.

Conveniently, four corners of the raw plates in the factory about 15 mm wide section before being welded in a metallized plastic composite film under vacuum to Vakuumdämmplatte.

Since there are larger wind suction forces on the building corners, the wire anchors are to be arranged closer there. Since then come conveniently half Vakuumdämmplatten with a dimension of 25 × 25 cm in the same embodiment used.

Conveniently, wall dimensions that do not fit into a 25 cm grid are fitted and installed with passport vacuum insulation panels specially made for this component at the factory, ultimately creating a fully insulated wall surface.

Conveniently, the vacuum insulation panels are glued to the existing rough wall with an adhesive foam so that the horizontal joints come to rest at the same height as the bearing joints of the later facing brickwork.

The vacuum insulation panels are suitably pushed close and laid so that every 50 cm creates a cross joint. At these points of intersection, the corner sections made in the factory create an approx. 20 × 20 mm large defect in which the wire anchor is installed.

Conveniently, the wire anchors with a commercial air layer anchor anchor at these crossing points of the vacuum insulation panels on the underlying masonry tensile strength dowelled and, so that the thermal bridge is reduced there, the defect with a PU foam insulation injected in plate thickness. The air layer anchor anchors transfers only the horizontal wind forces from the attachment shell in the underlying supporting wall. The dead weight of the attachment shell is introduced directly vertically through the mortar joint into the underlying ceiling or foundation.

Conveniently, the built-in Vakuumkerndämmung receives as external protection a full-surface coverage of a vapor-permeable, water-repellent Bautenschutzmatte. Thus, the vacuum insulation panels are protected from damage during construction. This mat is pushed vertically over the wire anchors, the overlapped joints are glued so that the mat rests directly against the vacuum insulation panels.

Conveniently, a designated plastic cover is pushed so that the vacuum insulation panels permanently on the wall shell to fix the building mat and to seal the defect on the wire anchor. Thereafter, the wire anchors are bent at their ends by 90 ° horizontally so that they can be mortared in the walls of the attachment shell in the storage joint. Thus, a permanent anchoring of the brickwork with the supporting rear wall after DIN 1053 produced frictionally.

In an expedient development of the innovation, in particular for the protection of the vacuum insulation panels against mechanical damage during the construction period, the surfaces are to be bonded with a fleece, a mat, or a protective plate.

Use of vacuum insulation panels for exterior plaster and curtain walling

In an expedient development of the innovation, in particular for the protection of the vacuum insulation panels against mechanical damage during construction and for applying a plaster, the surfaces with a plaster base, z. As polystyrene to perform a thermal insulation composite system for small areas.

So that no shear forces from the weight of the plaster layer act on the insulation board and can destroy them, these forces are statically abolish a console in the underlying wall. The same applies to curtain walling.

The innovation is also suitable for thermal insulation of wall elements with curtain facade, the conventional insulation thickness is reduced with the same insulating effect by 5 times, which is easy to attach with little heat bridges to the supporting masonry shell and this attachment at the same time the required static connection via brackets to curtain facade or thermal insulation composite system manufactures.

For this reason, the vacuum insulation panels are formed as in the bivalve outer wall and adhered to the outer wall. At the corner recesses of the vacuum insulation panels are at the cross joint instead of wire anchors, here Dowelled console on the wall and anchored the plaster fabric or the attachment shell.

The brackets are used for static removal of its own weight from the front shell, or the outer layer of plaster and to initiate the wind suction in the outer wall. So that in the vacuum insulation as possible no shear stresses occur, they are glued to the outer wall and get to the facing shell no connection. Only in the execution of a thermal insulation composite system is a tensile strength plaster carrier adhered to the insulation board over the entire surface. Shear stresses from the weight of the plaster layer must at least be minimized there, so that the cladding film of the vacuum insulation is not destroyed by external influence and the vacuum is sustainably maintained.

For this purpose, a continuous from top to bottom continuous polyester fleece is glued to the insulation boards and anchored tensile strength on the brackets. On this substrate can then be made of the further outer plaster structure with reinforcing fabric.

Use of vacuum insulation panels in precast concrete walls

Precast concrete walls with core insulation are usually as sandwich elements made of normal concrete after DIN 1045 or from lightweight porous concrete DIN 4232 m prefabricated factory and assembled at the construction site.

After the production of the supporting inner shell, a mineral fiber insulation board with spacers is then applied to the hardened concrete shell and then cast on the outer concrete shell. Between the inner and outer shell reinforcing steel bars are embedded in concrete as shear connection. The removal of the dead weight of the outer shell takes place via an underlying foundation or via a removal bar. These wall elements are mainly in the prefab construction in building construction as prefabricated walls made of normal concrete DIN 1045 used.

The object of the innovation is to create a core insulation for sandwich walls, which reduces the conventional insulation thickness with the same insulating effect by 5 times, that with little thermal bridges, the outer shell is easy to attach to the supporting inner shell and this attachment at the same time the thrust forces from the outer shell statically initiates into the inner shell. In addition, the compressive strength of the core insulation should be at least as large so that the insulation boards record the concrete inherent weight during the concreting process, including the forces from the concrete compaction equipment and thus spacers can be omitted. With this working technique, moreover, sandwich walls are to be produced without drying times of the inner wall shells in a single operation. This saves additional working time.

The innovation is based on the consideration that the vacuum insulation panels are formed as in the two-shell outer wall and are inserted from the top when concreting the inner shell into the wet concrete. At the corner recesses of the vacuum insulation panels 6 - 9 become at the Kreuzfuge 2 Instead of wire anchors, here S-hooks made of VA reinforcing steel are cast in transversely to the wall and the outer shell is also concreted there as a facing shell, so that a composite element is produced as a sandwich wall.

The advantage of the innovation is that the wall production without drying time of the inner shell, wet in wet can be performed and the vacuum insulation board with a compressive strength of 180 kPa, the load of the concrete during the concreting process with the shaking forces from the compaction equipment can fully absorb.

In the case of the vacuum insulation panels, care must be taken in this construction that they are covered with an additional alkali-resistant foil, so that the 3 aluminum layers in the high-barrier foil can not be chemically attacked by the concrete and the trapped vacuum can not escape.

Conveniently, the vacuum insulation panels with an additional alkali-resistant PE film shrink film, as is usual in the packaging industry, coated.

Hovwerksporige lightweight concrete prefabricated walls after DIN 4232 are currently made of one cast without core insulation in different thicknesses. The new Energy Saving Ordinance (ENEV 2009) requires a U-value for external walls of <= 0.24 W / m ² K. The thickness of a conventional lightweight concrete wall would then be about 80 cm.

The object of the innovation is to create a core insulation for hovwerksporige lightweight concrete walls, which reduces the conventional thickness of a lightweight concrete wall with the same insulating effect of 80 cm to 22.5 cm and that with little thermal bridges, the outer shell is easy to attach to the supporting inner shell and this attachment simultaneously initiating the thrust forces from the outer shell into the inner shell statically. In addition, the compressive strength of the core insulation should be at least as large so that the insulation boards the concrete inherent weight during the concreting process including the forces from the concrete compaction equipment.

The innovation is based on the consideration that the vacuum insulation panels are formed as in the two-shell outer wall and are inserted from the top when concreting the inner shell into the wet concrete. At the corner recesses of the vacuum insulation panels 6 - 9 become at the Kreuzfuge 2 Instead of wire anchors, here S-hooks made of VA reinforcing steel are cast in transversely to the wall and the outer shell is also concreted onto it as a facing shell, so that a composite element is created as a sandwich wall.

At a minimum thickness of the lightweight concrete wall shells after DIN 4232 from 12 cm inside and 8 cm outside can be achieved with a vacuum insulation of 2.5 cm thickness, a U-value of 0.24 W / m ² K. The resulting reduced wall thickness of 80 cm to 22.5 cm will benefit the building as an additional usable area of 57.5 cm per linear meter of wall.

The advantage of the innovation is that the wall production without drying time of the inner shell, wet in wet can be performed and the vacuum insulation panel with a compressive strength of 180 kPa, the load of the concrete during the concreting process with the shaking forces from the compaction equipment can fully absorb.

In the case of the vacuum insulation panels, care must be taken in this construction that they are covered with an additional alkali-resistant foil, so that the 3 aluminum layers in the high-barrier foil can not be chemically attacked by the concrete and the trapped vacuum can not escape.

Conveniently, the vacuum insulation panels with an additional alkali-resistant PE film shrink film, as is usual in the packaging industry, coated.

In order to differentiate the vacuum insulation panels to be embedded from the vacuum insulation panels to be bonded, they are given the designation VIP-BA. This means: Vacuum insulation panels for concreting with anchor installation.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the purely schematically illustrated drawings. Show:

1 a view of a vacuum insulation panel 50 × 50 cm, 50 × 25 cm, 25 × 25 cm

2 a view of a wall section of a vacuum insulation panel insulated wall with the associated wire anchors,

3 a sectional view of a clam shell outer wall with vacuum core insulation and additional ventilation,

4 a sectional view of a clam shell outer wall with vacuum core insulation without ventilation,

5 a perspective view of an outer wall with glued and dowelled vacuum insulation panels as thermal insulation composite system,

6 a perspective view of a ceiling with glued and dowelled vacuum insulation panels,

7 a perspective view of an outer wall with glued and dowelled vacuum insulation panels including screwing the counter battens in a ventilated facade.

8th a sectional view of a einschaligen outer wall with curtain, ventilated facade.

9 a sectional view of a sandwich outer wall in normal and lightweight concrete.

1 shows an example of three vacuum insulation panels 6 - 8th different sizes as standard components. The vacuum insulation panels 6 - 8th have in at least some corner sections 1 a recess 2 on. Place the vacuum insulation panels 6 - 8th to a device for thermal insulation together, as in 2 is shown, the recesses go 2 adjacent vacuum insulation panels 6 - 8th into each other. In the 2 illustrated device has on a lateral edge made to fit vacuum insulation panels 9 , In the recesses 2 are anchors 3 For example, wire anchors, threaded rods, brackets or the like arranged to attach a masonry, facing shells or plaster fabric to the underlying component.

3 shows a cross section through a portion of a device for thermal insulation of a building with arranged in a clam shell wall element vacuum insulation panels 6 - 9 , The wall element has a masonry 5i and a masonry 5a , On the vacuum insulation panels 6 - 9 is a protective layer 11 arranged. The recess 2 in the vacuum insulation panels 6 - 9 through which the anchor 3 is guided, is by means of mounting foam 10 filled. The attachment of the anchor 3 takes place here by dowelling in a bearing joint of masonry 51 formed of the wall element component 5 , The vacuum insulation panels are from the outer masonry 5a spaced so that an air gap of For example, at least 4 cm is formed. The vacuum insulation panels 6 - 9 have a thickness of about 5 cm.

4 shows a further embodiment of the device, which is different from the 3 only differs in that the outer masonry 5a directly on the protective layer 11 the vacuum insulation panels 6 - 9 is applied.

5 shows a layered structure of a device for thermal insulation with a cleaned as a wall element 13 trained component applied bonding 14 for fixing the double-sided with polystyrene coated vacuum insulation as a plaster base 12 , The vacuum insulation panels 6 with the plaster carrier 12 are by means of a dowelling 15 trained anchor on the component 13 attached.

6 shows a trained on a ceiling component 16 fixed insulating element of several vacuum insulation panels 6 , The vacuum insulation panels 6 are about a bond 14 and a doweling 15 on the formed as a ceiling component 16 attached.

7 shows a device for thermal insulation, in the vacuum insulation panels 6 between a wall element 20i and an attachment shell 20a are arranged. A trained as a threaded rod anchor 18 penetrates the vacuum insulation panels 6 as it is in 2 is described and attached to the underlying component 13 of the wall element 20i , In addition, the anchor holds 18 a vertical counter battens 19 the attachment shell 20 , being a mother 21 from the outside on the anchor 18 screwed.

8th shows a device for thermal insulation, in the vacuum insulation panels 6 via a dowel designed as a VA console 22 on the component behind it 13 are fastened to the wall element. The dowelling 22 Holds an opaque or transparent intent shell 23 about a locknut 25 and one from the outside on the attachment shell 23 applied cover strip 24 ,

9 shows a device for thermal insulation in S-hooks 26 holding an inner shell 27 a wall element with an outer shell 28 connect. Between the inner shell 27 and the outer shell 28 are vacuum insulation elements 6 arranged. The vacuum insulation panels 6 have an alkali-resistant protective film 29 with which she is facing concrete of the inner shell 27 and the outer shell 28 are chemically protected. The protective film 29 may be formed as a shrink film, as is common in the packaging industry, and thus closely to a high barrier film 31 issue. On wall joints 32 have the vacuum insulation panels 6 an additional glued coating 30 for protection against damage during installation and when filling in-situ concrete 33 on.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102004033607 A1 [0006]

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN 1053 [0012]
• DIN 1053 [0015]
• DIN 1053 [0015]
• DIN 1053 [0024]
• DIN 1045 [0032]
• DIN 4232 [0032]
• DIN 1045 [0033]
• DIN 4232 [0039]
• DIN 4232 [0042]

Claims (27)

Device for thermal insulation of a building having a plurality of vacuum insulation panels fastened to a component designed as a ceiling, wall or the like, the vacuum insulation panels having a vacuum enclosed by walls, and the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) on the component ( 5 . 13 . 16 ) anchors ( 3 . 18 ), characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) Recesses ( 2 ) for carrying out the anchors ( 3 ) exhibit. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the recesses ( 2 ) at least two adjacent vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) for receiving a common anchor ( 3 ) merge. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the recesses ( 2 ) than in corner regions of the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) arranged diagonal corner portions are formed. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) received at its four corners under 45 °, about 15 mm wide corner section 1, so that after the laying of four vacuum insulation panels at the Kreuzfuge the recess ( 2 ) of about 20 × 20 mm, through which an anchor ( 3 . 18 ) or a screw is guided and on the underlying component ( 5 . 13 . 16 ) can be dowelled. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) in the dimensions of 500 × 500 mm, 500 × 250 mm, 250 × 250 mm or designed as a pass plates for length and height compensation. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) have the structural dimension according to DIN 4172, so that the anchor ( 3 . 18 ) are always arranged at a height of the bearing joint of the outer shell in a double-shell masonry. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) have a uniform thickness, in particular according to the building physics calculation. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) in the recesses ( 2 ) with a heat-insulating mounting foam ( 10 ) are filled out. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) in exterior walls with any ventilated front shell ( 17 ) are installed, glued and pegged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) with a glued protective layer ( 11 ), preferably a fleece, mat, or a protective plate, are protected against mechanical damage. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) with a plaster carrier ( 12 ) and on single-shell components ( 5 . 13 . 16 ) with a bond ( 14 ) and one as anchoring ( 15 ) formed anchor are attached. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) are laminated with polystyrene. Device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) with the laminated plaster carrier ( 12 ), preferably glued to external walls and dowelled with polystyrene as a thermal insulation composite system as internal insulation, wherein the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) are placed on the existing ceiling to remove the Putzeigengewichtes. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the protective layer ( 11 ) of the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) is designed as a full-surface, supporting polyester fleece. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dowelling ( 15 ) has a VA console or plastic insulation holder. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the VA console of the dowelling ( 15 ) has a plastic head part with a large plate, so that the protective layer ( 11 ) is glued to the power transmission over the entire surface. Device according to claim 8 and 9, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) at the bottom of a ceiling ( 16 ) formed component are attached. Device according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the armature ( 3 . 18 ) is designed as a wire anchor or as a threaded rod. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that the threaded rod trained anchor ( 18 ) for fixing a vertical counter battens ( 19 ) of the outer facing shell ( 20 ), wherein preferably a wooden staff with washer and nut ( 21 ) attached to the threaded rod and against the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) is biased. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that the anchor formed as a threaded rod ( 18 ) on the component ( 5 . 13 ) and on the inside of the component ( 5 . 13 ) an interior lining, z. B. plasterboard, wood paneling is kept. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recess ( 2 ) a VA console as anchoring ( 22 ) trained anchor is attached. Device according to claim 21, characterized in that a cover strip ( 24 ) via a locknut ( 25 ) and a washer with nut ( 21 ) on the VA console of the dowelling ( 22 ) is attached. Device according to claim 21, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) are used in normal concrete and lightweight precast concrete walls as a sandwich element in horizontal production. Device according to claim 23, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) in prefabricated walls in wet concrete are tightly laid and through the recesses ( 2 ) in the cross-joints of the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) an S-hook ( 26 ) made of VA reinforcing steel across the wall into the inner shell ( 27 ) and when concreting the outer shell ( 28 ) the S-hook ( 26 ) with the inner shell ( 27 ) is connected. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) an outer alkali-resistant protective film ( 29 ) exhibit. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protective film ( 29 ) is made of polyethylene. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vacuum insulation panels ( 6 - 9 ) on wall joints ( 32 ) of the outer shells ( 28 ) a coating ( 30 ) as mounting protection.

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