DE202008013487U1 - dehumidifier - Google Patents

Abstract

Dehumidifying device for drying devices (3) for dry goods (4), in particular ceramic molded articles, wherein the dehumidifying device (2) designed for dehumidification of moist drying air (10) and the exhaust air side (25) connected to the drying device (3) or in the drying device (3 ) is integrated and the dehumidifying device (2) for operation with the heat energy, in particular the waste heat, from a kiln (5) is formed.

Description

The The invention relates to a dehumidifying device for drying devices for dry goods, in particular ceramic moldings, with the features in the preamble of the main claim.

Out In practice, drying facilities for ceramic Moldings, z. As wall tiles, roof tiles, sanitary ware, Catalysts, ceramic tubes or the like are known in which the Moldings with a conditioned according to the humidity and temperature Air dried. The drying air is integrated by Heaters heated. The moisture laden exhaust air is over Exhaust ducts blown into the open air. The humidity of the supplied Supply air or fresh air depends on the ambient conditions from. The water absorption capacity of the air is over increases the additional heating and dry air heating.

The DD 213 491 B deals with a process for secondary heat utilization from drying plants of the ceramic industry. Here, the moist dryer exhaust air is cooled by a heat pump system in an evaporator and partially dehumidified. The refrigerant is completely evaporated in this evaporator, then compressed and passed into a condenser, where it heats and dries the supply air of the dryer. The compressor in the refrigerant circuit is operated by an electric motor. The drying air is moved in the aforementioned manner in a circuit, wherein the exhaust air after flowing through the evaporator z. T. is blown off into the open air. The other exhaust air part can be mixed with fresh air and separated in a subsequent separator of the liquid phase and then fed to the dryer zuluftseitig. The refrigerant is also fed in a circuit with evaporator and condenser as well as compressor and throttle valve.

In the CH 221 668 A It is about the dehumidification of exhaust air of an unspecified drying plant with a heat pump system of the type described above with evaporator, condenser, compressor and reducing or throttle valve. In addition, an electric heater is provided on the supply side.

The EP 0 061 161 A2 concerns the bulk solids drying. The moist exhaust air is passed through chambers with an adsorbent, which takes the moisture from the exhaust air stream. The granulated adsorbent can be regenerated in a separate station and dehumidified and possibly refilled. Here, the regeneration air is blown off into the open air. The dehumidified exhaust air is tempered again with an electric heater and fed to the supply air side of the bulk material dryer.

From the DE 103 58 260 A1 also shows an adsorption dryer, the entire process should be adiabatic. The supply air is cooled before entering a dryer by means of a countercurrent heat exchanger. The heat released serves to heat the exhaust air, which is then dried in an adsorption dryer and used again as supply air.

The DE 10 2004 012 326 A1 discloses an exhaust air dryer in cabinet form, which is intended for laundry, fruit or vegetables and at the same time causes the drying of these goods. The exhaust air is passed through the evaporator of a heat pipe. The supply air flows through a condenser of the same heat pipe and is then heated in a heating coil.

It It is an object of the present invention to provide conditions for to improve a drying process.

The Invention solves this problem with the features in the main claim.

The the drying device associated dehumidifier allowed to influence the drying process and the humidity and water absorbency of the used for drying To better condition the air. With the dehumidifier On the one hand, the exhaust air of the drying device can be dried be eliminated, wherein the water absorbed from the dry matter excreted can be. The separation process has positive environmental aspects. Especially By dehumidifying the exhaust air, the mixing water environmentally friendly be recycled.

By dehumidification is available to dry air, the fed back to the drying process on the supply side can be. Dry supply air increases the water absorption capacity. This offers several advantages. The dependence on the degree of humidity the outside or ambient air is greatly reduced. Further can be a desired water absorbency of Supply air can be adjusted. On the other hand, this water absorbency can also kept constant and regulated, allowing the drying process can be optimized. This reduces the duration of the drying process and the required air volumes. Controllable and controllable Moisture conditions for the drying process easier and simplify the control of the drying process that takes place the drying and shrinkage behavior of the crack-sensitive ceramic Moldings oriented. Furthermore, the output and the Economics of the drying device and the drying process be significantly improved.

in this connection a closed air circulation is possible, whereby the moisture removed from the exhaust air during drying and the dried exhaust air as a dry supply air to the drying process can be fed again. This air cycle can also be partially open, with a portion of the exhaust air discharged and on the other hand fed on the supply air side external air becomes.

Especially advantageous is the operation of the dehumidifier with the on a stove, in particular a kiln for ceramic Moldings, accumulating waste heat energy. This energy can work used different ways for the dehumidification process be, for. B. by operation of a chiller or by Conversion of heat energy into mechanical energy for Operation of the dehumidifier. Through this form of heat recovery can the energy balance of the dehumidifier and an overall system be improved.

The Dehumidifier is for any type of drying equipment suitable. These can be designed with and without additional heating be. Particular advantages arise in modern drying devices, in which the heat energy used for drying exclusively or almost exclusively from the environment, eg. B. the ambient air a hall, is won. By dispensing with additional heat energy The drying processes take longer and on the other hand, too from the existing humidity in the supplied ambient air dependent. This dependency can be with the dehumidifier be reduced, so that also drying with ambient air possible, which is a relatively low temperature and a correspondingly low water absorption capacity. By Add particularly dry air from the dehumidifier can the relative humidity of this low-temperature supply air lowered and in this way improves the water absorbency become. An air volume reduction is achievable.

By The dehumidifier will generally be the drying process much more independent of the relative or absolute Humidity of the ambient air. The dehumidifier may alternatively or additionally arranged only on the supply air side be there and for a mindset and conditioning the supply air humidity ensures the drying process. This can in conjunction with an additional heating in the drying device or done without such additional heating.

The Dehumidifier can be coupled to a heater be with which the dried and usually cooled Air is heated. Through this warming can the water absorption capacity of the supply air in addition be increased. The warming can be due to the waste heat the dehumidifier itself or by utilizing the exhaust air of a furnace. Also waste heat sources of other types can be used.

In The dependent claims are further advantageous embodiments of the invention.

The The invention is illustrated by way of example and schematically in the drawing. Showing:

1 : a schematic representation of a system with a dehumidifier, a drying device and a furnace.

The invention relates to a dehumidifier ( 2 ) for a drying device ( 3 ) for dry goods ( 4 ). The invention further relates to a method for dehumidifying the air used for drying, in particular the exhaust air ( 11 ) and / or supply air ( 9 ) a drying device ( 3 ). In addition, the invention is concerned with a system ( 1 ) for the production of dry goods ( 4 ), in particular ceramic moldings.

1 shows such a plant ( 1 ) in a schematic view. The dry goods ( 4 ) can be of any type, training and size. It can also consist of any materials. In the illustrated and preferred embodiment are ceramic moldings ( 4 ), the z. B. of ceramic materials, in particular clay, clay or the like and possibly also additives. In order to allow a plastic deformation, the ceramic mass of water, so-called. Mixing water, mixed. The ceramic moldings ( 4 ) may be solid or have a perforation. You can z. As wall tiles, roof tiles, vitrified clay pipes, capacitors, sanitary ware, such. As toilet bowls, sinks or the like.

The ceramic moldings ( 4 ) are made of a plastic starting material by a molding device, for. B. an extruder with a die (not shown) brought into the desired shape. The ceramic moldings ( 4 ) can then be dried in a drying device ( 3 ) and then in an oven ( 5 ) are fired. Alternatively, the dry material ( 4 ) made of wood or other materials. It also does not have to be moldings.

In the 1 shown attachment ( 1 ) comprises said drying device ( 3 ) and a stove ( 5 ) and a dehumidifier ( 2 ) for dehumidifying the air used for drying, in particular the exhaust air ( 11 ) and / or the supply air ( 9 ). In the embodiment shown is with the dehumidifying Facility ( 2 ) the exhaust air ( 11 ) of the drying device ( 3 ) dehumidifies and for conditioning the supply air ( 9 ) for the drying device ( 3 ) used. In the illustrated variant, the dehumidifier ( 2 ) on the dehumidification of the drying air ( 10 ) designed and set up in the drying process from the dry material ( 4 ) absorbs expelled water and as exhaust air ( 11 ) exit.

In the embodiment shown, the dehumidifying device ( 2 ) with the exhaust side ( 25 ) of the drying device ( 3 ) and can be connected directly to the exhaust air duct here. On the outlet side, the dehumidified air ( 15 ) discharged via a line and can be released into the environment. It can also be partially or completely absorbed in an air cycle ( 26 ) of the drying device ( 3 ) are fed again. In the dehumidifier ( 2 ) takes place a deposition process in which the water contained in the moist exhaust air is separated and discharged separately from the air.

The dehumidifier ( 2 ) can be a separator ( 6 ) for this dehumidifying or deposition process. This can be z. B. be a condenser, in which the exhaust air ( 11 ) is cooled, the water condenses out and through a drain ( 7 ) or, if necessary, a further treatment, eg. As a regeneration, are supplied. It can, for. B. take place a downstream washing or separation process.

The dehumidifier ( 2 ) is supplied with thermal energy, in particular waste heat, from a kiln ( 5 ) operated. For this purpose, z. B. the separator ( 6 ) with a chiller ( 17 ) coupled with a suitable refrigerant circuit on the cold side, a heat exchange process for cooling the exhaust air ( 11 ) in the separator ( 6 ) and on the heat side via the oven air ( 12 ) is heated. Alternatively, the z. B. about 200 ° C hot oven air ( 12 ) generate mechanical energy via a turbine or similar other heat engine, with which a separator ( 6 ) is operated in another suitable training. In the illustrated and preferred embodiment, the dehumidification process takes place via condensation. Alternatively, other types of dehumidification processes are possible. In the embodiment shown z. B. the supplied with a temperature of about 35 ° C drying air ( 10 ) or exhaust air ( 11 ) cooled in the condensation to a temperature of z. B. about 5 ° C. The from the separator ( 6 ) dehumidified air ( 15 ) may also have a different temperature, with a temperature range between about 5 to 15 ° C being preferred.

The dehumidified air ( 15 ) can be released outside. In the embodiment shown, it may alternatively be wholly or partly the incoming air side (FIG. 24 ) of the drying device ( 3 ) are fed again. You can use a heating device ( 16 ), z. B. a heat exchanger to be reheated. The heater ( 16 ) can in turn with hot oven air ( 13 ) and accordingly to the kiln ( 5 ). On the output side, the dehumidified and heated air ( 15 ) z. B. have a temperature of about 30 ° C.

The drying device ( 3 ) and the drying process supplied supply air ( 9 ) can be composed differently. On the one hand, it can supply fresh air from outside ( 8th ) contain. This fresh air ( 8th ) may also originate from the interior and interior environment of a hall containing the installation ( 1 ) surrounds the outside. Alternatively or additionally, the fresh air ( 8th ) also come from the outdoors.

The supply air ( 9 ) can also hot furnace air ( 14 ) are added. The supply air ( 9 ) can also be partly or completely removed from the dehumidified air ( 15 ), possibly by mixing with fresh air ( 8th ) and / or furnace air ( 14 ) or by the mentioned heating device ( 16 ) to a higher temperature, of z. B. was brought about 30 ° C.

The dehumidifier ( 2 ) has a line network ( 23 ) for guiding the air flows and can one or more control organs ( 18 . 19 ) for controlling the air flows. This can z. B. Pumps ( 18 ) on the supply and exhaust side ( 24 . 25 ) and possibly also elsewhere. Furthermore, flaps ( 19 ) or other closing organs in the pipeline network ( 23 ) to be available. This allows the air currents to conduct in the desired manner. The dehumidifier ( 2 ) further comprises a controller ( 20 ), which describe the various components and functions of the dehumidifier ( 2 ) controls, for example, the separator ( 6 ), the chiller ( 17 ), the heating device ( 16 ) and the tax authorities ( 18 . 19 ). The control ( 20 ) may also be provided with a controller (not shown) of the drying device ( 3 ). This can be a coupling of the controller or an integration in a common system control.

In addition, a control connection to the oven ( 5 ) and other parts of the Annex ( 1 ) consist.

The dehumidifier ( 2 ) can in the power supply from the operation of the furnace ( 5 ) and depend on its waste heat. When the oven is off ( 5 ), the dehumidifier ( 2 ) and in particular the separator ( 6 ) and the heater ( 16 ) be off. The line network ( 23 ) and the tax authorities ( 18 . 19 ) remain in operation and are controlled accordingly. In such a case with the oven off ( 5 ), the drying device ( 3 ) in a conventional manner with supply air ( 9 ) from the fresh air ( 8th ), whereby the exhaust air ( 11 ) is discharged into the open air or elsewhere without dehumidification.

In a further modification of the embodiment shown, alternatively or in addition to the furnace ( 5 ) another source of energy are available, for. B. waste heat from an adjacent power plant or other facilities and machinery. The dehumidifier ( 2 ) may possibly also with external energy, eg. As electricity, gas, oil or the like, operated.

The drying device ( 3 ) can be of any type, size and training. It can be designed as a chamber dryer or as a continuous dryer. It has at least one drying chamber ( 21 ), in which the stored on stationary or mobile racks dry material ( 4 ) a drying process with conditioned drying air ( 10 ) is subjected. The drying air ( 10 ) and the drying process can in this case via one or more drying units ( 22 ) are controlled in a controlled manner. This can z. B. Fan for moving the drying air ( 10 ) be. Furthermore, flaps or other controls for controlling the inlet and outlet of supply air ( 9 ) and exhaust air ( 11 ) to be available. Furthermore, an additional heating as a drying unit ( 22 ), which are within the drying chamber ( 21 ) drying air ( 10 ) additionally heats up.

In the illustrated and preferred embodiment is dispensed with such additional heating. The drying air ( 10 ) is controlled by the racks of drying goods ( 4 ) and thereby removes the moisture released from the dry material ( 4 ) on. In the embodiment shown without additional heating, the heat energy required for drying from outside via the supply air ( 9 ). On the one hand, the supply air ( 9 ) on fresh air from the plant environment ( 8th ) get their temperature. A temperature increase is by adding the furnace air ( 14 ) possible. The dehumidified air ( 15 ) can be heated with or without heating by the heater ( 16 ) and accordingly has a lower or higher temperature. Here, a desired mixing temperature of the supply air ( 9 ) one. This mixing temperature can be adjusted to the desired level by controlling the admixtures of air or, if appropriate, also by means of a further additional heating.

The drying device ( 3 ) and the dehumidifier ( 2 ) have suitable sensors for measuring the temperature and humidity in the different air flows. These measuring devices are equipped with the control ( 20 ) and the drying control. In addition, in the drying device ( 3 ) Measuring equipment for measuring the moisture of the dry goods ( 4 ) to be available. This can z. As scales, strain gauges or the like. In addition, measuring devices may be present to monitor the shrinkage behavior of the dry material ( 4 ) directly or indirectly. These measuring devices are also equipped with the control (not shown) of the drying device ( 3 ) and possibly with the controller ( 20 ) of the dehumidifier ( 2 ) connected.

In the illustrated embodiment, the z. B. without additional heating drying device ( 3 ) with the dehumidifier ( 2 ) in a closed air circuit ( 26 ), whereby via the pipeline network ( 23 ) is circulated a constant amount of air. The in the drying device ( 3 ) to the drying air ( 10 ) discharged moisture is in the dehumidifier ( 2 ) and the dried air ( 15 ) fed again to the drying process. This drying air circuit can be in equilibrium, whereby possibly the mentioned intermediate heating via the heating device ( 16 ) takes place. In such a cycle ( 26 ), in particular a closed circuit, another gas can be used instead of air.

The circulation ( 26 ) may alternatively be open, with part of the dehumidified air ( 15 ) discharged to the outside and by adding fresh air ( 8th ) and / or furnace air ( 14 ) is replaced. The in the drying device ( 3 ) circulated air volumes are controlled. They can be constant or vary as needed. This can depend on the drying progress and on the possible flow rates of the drying air ( 10 ) depend. About the controller ( 20 ) and the drying control, a regulation of the drying and / or dehumidification process can take place.

Modifications of the embodiment shown and described are possible in various ways. The dehumidifier ( 2 ) can z. B. only the supply side ( 24 ) and for dehumidifying the supply air ( 9 ) to care. Humid exhaust air ( 11 ) can be delivered in this case to the environment. Alternatively, in another type of circuit, it can be used on the supply air side ( 24 ) arranged separators ( 6 ) or another corresponding element of the dehumidifier ( 2 ). In a supply-side dehumidifier ( 2 ) can be a mixture of exhaust air ( 11 ), Fresh air ( 8th ) and possibly oven air ( 14 ) occur. The heater ( 16 ) can be on the supply air side ( 24 ) are located. On the supply side ( 24 ) is at the supply air ( 9 ) carried out in such an arrangement, a conditioning by temperature and humidity.

In the embodiment shown, the dehumidifying device ( 2 ) outside the drying device ( 3 ) arranged. It can alternatively be used within the drying device ( 3 ) and in a suitable manner to the in the drying room ( 21 ) circulated drying air ( 10 ). In particular, the drying air ( 10 ) in an internal circuit within the drying room ( 21 ) while being dehumidified.

Also variable are the described and illustrated components of the various devices. This concerns in particular their structural design. For the dehumidification process, another suitable device can be used instead of a capacitor. Furthermore, the wiring can be changed. In general, the invention relates to the idea of drying the dry material ( 4 ) conditioned air or other gas not only in the temperature, but also in the moisture or in their water absorption capacity and thereby favorably influence the drying process and in particular to stabilize. The dehumidification can take place in one or more suitable places and in any way. The dehumidifier ( 2 ) or the separator ( 6 ) may also have a means for treating the condensate. In this case, any additives contained in the drying air and in the condensate can be separated and recycled or disposed of in an environmentally friendly manner by washing or the like.

1

investment

2

dehumidifier

3

drying device

4

dry material, ceramic moldings

5

Oven, kiln

6

separators, capacitor

7

procedure

8th

fresh air

9

supply air

10

drying air

11

exhaust

12

furnace air

13

furnace air

14

furnace air

15

dehumidified air

16

heater heat exchangers

17

refrigeration machine

18

Control member pump

19

Control member flap

20

control

21

drying chamber

22

drying units

23

Line network

24

supply air

25

exhaust side

26

Air circuit

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DD 213491 B [0003]
• - CH 221668 A [0004]
• - EP 0061161 A2 [0005]
• - DE 10358260 A1 [0006]
• - DE 102004012326 A1 [0007]

Claims (20)

Dehumidifier for drying devices ( 3 ) for dry goods ( 4 ), in particular ceramic moldings, wherein the dehumidifying device ( 2 ) on the dehumidification of moist drying air ( 10 ) and on the exhaust air side ( 25 ) to the drying device ( 3 ) or in the drying device ( 3 ) and the dehumidifier ( 2 ) for operation with the heat energy, in particular the waste heat, from a kiln ( 5 ) is trained. Dehumidifying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the output side of the dehumidifying device ( 2 ) with the supply side ( 24 ) of the drying device ( 3 ) is connectable. Dehumidifying device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the dehumidifying device ( 2 ) a separator ( 6 ) for cooling the drying air ( 10 ) and for separating water. Dehumidifying device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the dehumidifying device ( 2 ) one with the separator ( 6 ) connected refrigerating machine ( 17 ) having. Dehumidifying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the chiller ( 17 ) with a kiln ( 5 ) connected is. Dehumidifying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dehumidifying device ( 2 ) a heating device ( 16 ) for the dehumidified air ( 15 ) having. Dehumidifying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating device ( 16 ) with a kiln ( 5 ) connected is. Dehumidifying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating device ( 16 ) with the supply side ( 24 ) of the drying device ( 3 ) connected is. Dehumidifying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dehumidifying device ( 2 ) a pipeline network ( 23 ) with tax authorities ( 18 . 19 ) for air currents. Dehumidifying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pipeline network ( 23 ) with the drying device ( 3 ) connected is. Dehumidifying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pipeline network ( 23 ) with a kiln ( 5 ) connected is. Dehumidifying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dehumidifying device ( 2 ) an air circuit ( 26 ) for the air used for drying, wherein the discharged drying air ( 10 ) is dehumidified and at least a portion of the dehumidified air ( 15 ), if necessary with intermediate heating, the supply air side ( 24 ) of the drying device ( 3 ) is returned. Dehumidifying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air circulation ( 26 ) closed is. Dehumidifying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dehumidifying device ( 2 ) a controller ( 20 ) having. Dehumidifying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the controller ( 20 ) with a control of the drying device ( 3 ) connected is. Dehumidifying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dehumidifying device ( 2 ) to a drying device ( 3 ) is connected, in which the dry goods ( 4 ) is dried essentially without the need for an integrated additional heating with the heat supplied from the environment. Dehumidifying device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dehumidifying device ( 2 ) of the drying device ( 3 ) from the air circulation ( 26 ) in the humidity and possibly also in the temperature conditioned air supplies. Plant for drying and heating, in particular firing, of dry material ( 4 ), in particular ceramic moldings, wherein the plant ( 1 ) an oven ( 5 ) and a drying device ( 3 ), characterized in that the plant ( 1 ) a dehumidifier ( 2 ) for the air used for drying. Plant according to claim 18, characterized in that the dehumidifying device ( 2 ) is designed according to one of claims 2 to 17. Plant according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the drying device ( 3 ) is designed such that the dry material ( 4 ) essentially waiving an integrated additive Heating is dried with the heat supplied from the plant environment.