DE202007015638U1 - agricultural machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

agricultural machinery with a trestle (6), which by means of a Mehrpunktanlenkung (7) to a tractor (5) can be fastened, a tool carrier (2) carrying at least one working tool (3), one Handlebar assembly (35) for vertically movable articulation of the tool carrier (2) on the trestle (6), a lifting device (24) for lifting the tool carrier (2) relative to the trestle (6) and a mechanical spring device (21) for weight relief of the working tool (3) in working mode, wherein with the spring device (21) a pressure medium actuator (27, 28) for adjusting the biasing force the spring device (21) is connected, wherein for supplying the Lifting device (24) and the pressure medium actuator (27, 28) a common pressure medium supply device (31) is provided which a switching and / or control device (33) for selective actuation the pressure medium actuator (27, 28) or the lifting device (24) having.

Description

The The present invention relates to an agricultural machine, in particular a mower, with a trestle, which by means of a multipoint linkage on a Tugboat is attachable to a tool carrier, at least carries a working tool, a handlebar assembly for height-adjustable Linkage of the tool carrier to the trestle, a lifting device for lifting the tool carrier relative to the headstock, and a mechanical spring device for weight relief of the working tool in the working mode, wherein with the spring device a pressure medium actuator for adjusting the biasing force of Spring device is connected.

Mowers and other ground-based agricultural machinery, as it were as hovering over the ground as possible be guided and follow the contours are advantageously mounted vertically movable on a headstock and by means of weighted relieves a spring device so that she light-footed follow wavy terrain contours and the desired Ground adjustment not by its own weight and the consequent inertia of the device. To the spring relief and their characteristics to changing terrain conditions and be able to adapt to different machine configurations, it is desirable that the applied by the spring device Weight relief to vary. For example, this may be too to change the load-bearing weight of a mower, depending on whether the mower is a conditioner or a Cross conveyor is grown with, so different strong relief must be provided. Also can be different Terrain conditions stronger or weaker Weight reductions required.

The DE 10005509 C2 describes a mower, which has two mowing units projecting to opposite sides, which can pivot up and down about pivot axes pointing in the direction of travel. The support arms of the mowing units is assigned in each case a spring for weight relief, which are connected to each other via a hydraulic cylinder, so that the spring preload and thus the weight reduction can be reduced or increased by lengthening or shortening of the hydraulic cylinder connecting the springs. The disadvantage of this equipment but that the weight reduction of the mowing units does not work individually and independently. For example, lifting the right mower deck with a bump reduces the weight of the mower on the left side. Moreover, a separate pressure medium supply is required for the adjustment of the hydraulic cylinder, which is sometimes not available in older tractors.

In addition, agricultural machinery with mechanical spring devices for weight relief in various designs have become known, cf. for example EP 0914761 B1 . EP 1131992 B1 . DE 10149364 B4 , however, do not even provide an adjustment of the spring force or the spring characteristic or provide little comfort in this regard, since they require a manual conversion. Furthermore, from the EP 0899996 B1 . EP 0958730 B1 . DE 69906007 T2 or the DE 69612230 Various hydraulic weight reliefs known in which the biasing force for weight relief via hydraulic cylinders are applied, which must be acted upon by a corresponding biasing pressure. In such hydraulic biasing systems, however, a corre sponding pressure control is necessary in operation in order to achieve the desired spring characteristic. In addition, a hydraulic pressure failure leads to a total loss of weight relief.

Of the The present invention is based on the object, to create an improved agricultural machine of the kind mentioned, the Disadvantages of the prior art avoids and the latter in an advantageous Way further education. In particular, a simple design, reliable working weight relief created for the working tool that are easily adjustable and therefore changing Terrain and machine parameters is customizable and failsafe is working.

These Task is by an agricultural machine according to claim 1 solved. Preferred embodiments of the invention are Subject of the dependent claims.

It is therefore proposed that the pressure medium actuator for adjusting the mechanical spring force of the lifting device to feed her by means of which the working tool can be raised, for example, at the headland or for the purpose of transport relative to the trestle. This is based on the idea that the spring force of the mechanical spring can be adjusted at a time when the lifting device is not needed, and conversely, the spring device does not have to be adjusted at a time when the lifting device is needed. According to the invention, a common pressure medium supply device is provided for supplying the lifting device and the pressure medium actuator for adjusting the spring biasing force having a switching and / or control device for selectively actuating the pressure medium actuator for adjusting the biasing force or for actuating the lifting device. The switching and / or control device in the pressure medium supply device allows the pressure medium supply the lifting device to use temporarily for the adjustment of the biasing force of the spring means, but otherwise to provide pressure means for the lifting device. There are no two separate pressure supply devices needed, so that even a tractor older year with perhaps only one pressure medium connection can be used. Advantageously, the switching and / or control device or the pressure supply of Druckmitteistellglieds for adjusting the spring preload and their control can be integrated into the lifting device, so that no separate pressure supply is provided for spring adjustment.

In Development of the invention, the switching and / or control device include a multi-way valve, in its various positions lock the input pressure applied or in different Directions can pass, where advantageously the input side at the multi-way valve pressure applied to the actuation of Lifting device provided hydraulic pressure is. In particular, can said multi-way valve in a first position to a pressure supply port switch through the lifting device and / or the pressure medium actuator to disable the weight reduction hereof, and in a second position, the pressure medium connection to said pressure medium actuator switch through to spring adjustment. Advantageously, the be called multi-way valve designed as a three-way valve and / or still have a third switching position, advantageously the aforementioned second position is used to the pressure medium pressure to steer to an input or Ausfahrkammer the pressure medium actuator and in the third position, the pressure port of the pressure medium actuator to give to a return or tank line, so by simply Switching the multi-way valve retracted the pressure medium actuator or can be extended to thereby the spring preload too enlarge or reduce or vice versa. moreover is in the other, aforementioned first position, the pressure medium actuator shut off from the pressure supply, so that the respective position held becomes.

The Actuation of the multi-way valve can basically done in different ways. According to a special simple, inexpensive embodiment of the invention the switching and / or control device can be a manual operating element for manual operation.

alternative or in addition to such a hand-operated element the switching and / or control device can also be an automatic or semi-automatic control of the adjustment of the preload force exhibit. For this purpose, detection means for detecting at least one operating and / or machine parameter and control means for actuating the pressure medium actuator and thereby Change in preload force depending provided the detected operating and / or machine parameter be. The detection means can in principle include various sensors and / or detect various parameters. For example, with a mast sensor, the weight of the attachment be recorded. Alternatively or additionally, with a Position or position sensor the device position, in particular the handlebar position in the neutral working position are detected. Alternatively or additionally, a detection of the device configuration be done as to whether and which attachment such as Conditioner or cross conveyor is attached. In dependency of detected parameters then takes place a corresponding setting the spring biasing force.

Around a lightweight, compact and space-saving construction of the weight relief device despite the adjustability of the spring force to achieve, is after a further advantageous aspect of the present invention, that the spring means together with the pressure medium actuator a strut-type strut forms, whose one end of the spring means and the other end of which is formed by the pressure medium actuator and has at its ends two points of articulation, one of which from the spring device and the other from the pressure medium actuator is formed, wherein the strut-like strut by means of said Articulation points on two components from the group comprising the headstock, the handlebar assembly, the tool carrier or the working tool itself hinged each articulated. Advantageously, the strut-like Struts on the one hand hinged to the trestle. With her other End of the strut-like strut directly to the work tool to be relieved or be hinged to this carrying tool carrier. Advantageously, however, is the strut-like strut with her second end to a handlebar of the Lenkeranord voltage between trestle and tool carrier hinged, so that the spring-leg Strut between attachment block and handlebar arrangement acts.

The pressure medium actuator for adjusting the spring force advantageously comprises a pressure medium cylinder, which is fastened according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention with its piston rod at one end of the spring and at its cylinder forms a pivot point of the aforementioned strut-like strut, while the other pivot point provided at the second end of the spring is. Alternatively, the arrangement of the pressure medium cylinder could also be reversed, so that it is fastened with its cylinder at the one end of the spring and forms with its piston rod a point of articulation of the strut-like strut. However, the preferred is to before said arrangement with attached to the spring piston rod, since this can be made space-saving.

Around a short installation space for the spring strut-like strut to allow and yet a great adjustment to achieve, is provided in development of the invention that the cylinder a mounting or articulation point on its cylinder collar has, on which the piston rod emerges from the cylinder. is the pressure cylinder with its piston rod attached to the spring, The cylinder is with his cylinder collar on the relieved Articulated component, so that the cylinder, so to speak over survives the articulation point. In reverse installation situation if necessary, the cylinder in the interior of the spring be arranged and fastened with its cylinder collar at the spring end be so that only the piston rod from the spring extendable is. In both cases will be a short length scored the strut-like strut despite a large travel.

A very sensitive ground adaptation even with only two stages Adjustment of the spring force and a compact overall training the power unit suspension used to weight the Combination of a mechanical spring with a hydraulically actuated Pressure medium actuator comprises, can be in particular in combination with a handlebar arrangement that reach between On baubock and machine carrier several, one behind the other and hinged handlebars whose pivot axes are advantageously each lying transversely to the direction of travel extend. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the link assembly comprises between attachment block and tool carrier a first link, which is articulated at the headstock and of this - roughly speaking - in Direction of travel protrudes, and a second and third link, the one hand hinged to the first link and on the other hand articulated hinged to the tool carrier, so that the tool carrier of the second and third link after Type of four-bar linkage, especially in the form of a parallelogram suspended from the first handlebar and movable up and down is, as well as in addition by up and down movements of the first Handlebar about a transverse to the direction of travel pivot axis up and down along with the aforementioned second and third handlebars is movable. It is advantageously a swivel position control provided for the first handlebar, the first handlebar on the one hand and the second and third handlebars on the other hand in opposite directions to swing each other. In particular, said Pivoting position control accomplished via a fourth link be articulated on the one hand and on the other hand articulated is hinged to the second and / or third link, so that according to Art a positive control, a pivoting of the second and third links also causes a pivoting of the first link.

The Spring device for relieving the tool weight can thereby advantageously provided between the trestle and the first link be.

The Invention will be described below with reference to a preferred embodiment and associated drawings explained in more detail. In the drawings show:

1 a schematic side view of an agricultural machine in the form of a front-mounted mower, which is grown by means of a three-point linkage at its headstock at the bow of a tractor,

2 : A perspective, partial view of the suspension of the mower 1 in which the trestle, the linkage arrangement articulated thereto and the tool carrier supported by it and the spring device together with pressure-medium actuators for spring adjustment are shown,

3 : an enlarged, fragmentary view of the suspension 2 showing the manual operation lever of the spring biasing changeover apparatus, and

4 : A schematic representation of the pressure medium circuit for actuating the lifting device and for adjusting the spring biasing force.

The mower shown in the figures 1 comprises a transversely to the direction of travel and thus perpendicular to the plane of the 1 extending tool carrier or tool carrier 2 , on the side by side several drum mowers 3 are fixed, each revolve around upright axes of rotation and of which in 1 only one is visible.

The mower 1 is on a suspension device 4 stored, with the help of which the mower 1 at the bow of a tugboat 5 can be cultivated. For this purpose, the suspension device comprises 4 a trestle 6 , the usual three-point linkage 7 of the tractor 5 , the two lower links 8th as well as a top link 9 includes, can be grown. The rigid trestle 6 For this purpose has two spaced apart lower link attachment points and a central Oberlenkeranlenkpunkt.

The suspension device 4 includes a first handlebar 10 standing at the trestle 6 is attached and protrudes from this in the direction of travel of the tractor forward. As 1 he shows stretches the first handlebar 10 in the operating position on level terrain of the trestle 6 essentially horizontally forward. The first handlebar 10 has a front, down-bent Endab section 11 on which the tool carrier 2 is articulated. As 1 shows are at the front end portion of the first link 10 a second handlebar 12 and a third handlebar 13 articulated in each case articulated, in each case about an axis extending transversely to the direction of travel 14 respectively. 15 , The second handlebar 12 as well as the third handlebar 13 each extend obliquely backwards and downwards to the headstock 6 and are with their rear ends hinged to the tool carrier 2 connected, and indeed also transverse to the direction axes 16 respectively. 17 , The second and third handlebars 12 and 13 are arranged parallelogram-like and form a four-bar linkage, with the aid of which the tool carrier 2 and the attached drum mowers 3 are movably mounted relative to the first link. As 1 shows, the second and third links extend only slightly inclined to each other, wherein the second link 12 a little longer than the third handlebar 13 ,

It's not just the second and third handlebars 12 and 13 formed four-bar relative to the first handlebar 10 pivotable. In addition, the entire first handlebar 10 together with the hinged thereto four-bar linkage and in turn hinged thereto tool carrier 2 swiveling so that he can bob up and down. As 1 shows is the first handlebar 10 about a transverse to the direction of travel, substantially horizontal pivot axis 18 swiveling on the trestle 6 hinged.

The pivoting movements of the four-bar joint, that of the second link 12 and the third handlebar 13 is formed, and the pivotal movement of the first link 10 relative to the trestle 6 are positively controlled relative to each other. The corresponding control device 19 is from a fourth handlebar 20 formed, on the one hand articulated at the trestle 6 and on the other hand articulated on the third link 13 is articulated. As 1 shows is the third handlebar 13 designed as a toggle lever, which at one end with the tool carrier 2 is connected and at the other end with the fourth link 20 is connected, wherein the fulcrum 15 of the third link 13 between the articulation points of the fourth link 20 and the tool carrier 2 lies in the region of the connection of the two legs of the toggle lever. The upper leg, on which the fourth handlebar 20 is articulated, it is much shorter than the lower leg, on which the tool carrier 2 is articulated.

In the drawn execution is the length of the upper leg only about a quarter of the length of the lower thigh. It is understood, however, that the aspect ratio can be changed to the desired leverage to achieve.

For weight relief is a spring device 21 intended. In the illustrated embodiment, it comprises a plurality of springs connected in parallel 22 and 23 that the tool carrier 2 and the attached drum mowers 3 directly opposite the trestle 6 abspannen. The feathers 22 and 23 on the one hand, grab the pivot point of the fourth link 20 at the headstock 6 and on the other hand on the tool carrier 2 at.

The spring device 21 is advantageously dimensioned such that the mower with little weight presses on the ground and thus easily and quickly responding any ground contour follows, ie goes over bumps up and down and lowers as soon as it goes into a depression in the ground. On the one hand, the second and third handlebars pivot 12 and 13 down to a steeper position. At the same time, the first handlebar pivots in opposite directions 10 also down, with the two pivoting movements of the first link 10 on the one hand and the second and third handlebars 12 and 13 on the other hand by the fourth link 20 be forcibly controlled with each other.

In this case, the pivoting movements of the handlebars overlap 10 . 12 and 13 such that the mower 1 at the same time nods slightly forward when driving downhill. The bottom surface of the drum mower 3 tilts and follows the downward sloping bottom contour.

On the other hand, if the mower moves upwards over a bump, a reverse pivotal movement takes place. The second and third handlebars 12 and 13 take a less inclined, almost horizontal position while the first handlebar 10 is pivoted slightly upwards, and forcibly controlled by the fourth link 20 , This is a slight pitching movement of the mower 1 to the rear, leaving the bottom surface of the drum mower 3 the rising ground contour follows.

To the mower 1 For example, to lift for the purpose of transport, includes the suspension device 4 a separate lifting device 24 with the help of which the mower 1 relative to the trestle 6 can be raised. In the illustrated embodiment, the lifting device 24 from a power-operated power lift 25 on the one hand, on the trestle 6 and on the other hand on the tool carrier 2 is articulated. This causes a retraction of the power lift 25 not just a lifting of the tool carrier 2 relative to the first handlebar 10 , About the fourth handlebar 20 becomes the first handlebar at the same time 10 upwards swings.

The of the spring device 21 applied relief force is through an adjustment 26 variable and adjustable. This is the mechanical springs 22 and 23 in each case a pressure medium actuator 27 and 28 assigned, by means of which the length of the springs 22 and 23 can be changed. As 2 shows form the springs 22 and 23 together with the associated pressure medium actuators 27 . 28 in each case a strut-like strut which at its opposite end two articulation points 29 and 30 one of which is in each case on the corresponding spring 22 respectively. 23 and the other on the pressure medium actuator 27 respectively. 28 is provided. As 2 shows are the springs 22 and 23 with the pressure medium actuators 27 and 28 as it were switched in a row. In the illustrated embodiment, the pressure medium actuators 27 and 28 formed in the form of pressure medium cylinders, with their piston rod at one end of the respective spring 22 respectively. 23 are fixed and continue the spring in its longitudinal extent, so to speak. The cylinders are hinged to their cylinder collars, where the respective piston rod exits from the cylinders, or form the collars, the pivot points on one side of the strut-like struts. The articulation on the collar of the cylinder with the otherwise outstanding arrangement of the cylinder allows a short-building installation situation of the strut-type struts. In the illustrated embodiment, this spring strut-like struts are on the one hand at the trestle 6 hinged and on the other hand on the first link 10 , which is formed in the illustrated embodiment in the form of a U-shaped frame. It is in the illustrated embodiment of the attachment block side pivot point on the springs 22 and 23 provided during the hitch-side attachment point 30 at the pressure medium actuators 27 respectively. 28 is provided. The arrangement could also be reversed to the effect that the pressure medium actuators 27 and 28 are hinged to the trestle, while the springs on the first link 10 are attached, but the drawn design is preferred in terms of hydraulic pressure supply.

The two pressure medium actuators 27 and 28 be doing by means of the pressure medium supply device 31 operated or fed, by means of which also the power lift 25 the lifting device 24 is pressed. As 4 shows that includes the power lift 25 leading pressure medium supply device 31 a turnoff 32 leading to the pressure medium actuators 27 respectively. 28 is guided. The named branch 32 in this case advantageously comprises a switching device 33 in the form of a multi-way valve 34 , which is designed in the illustrated embodiment as a two-way valve. In the normal operating state is the said multi-way valve 34 moved in a shut-off position, so that the pressure medium actuators 27 and 28 are locked in their respective position. Should the spring preload of the springs 22 and 23 be changed, is by pressing the multi-way valve 34 the pressure medium supply device 31 on the pressure medium actuators 27 and 28 connected through. Is this the to the pressure medium supply device 31 connected pressure medium source or the corresponding pressure medium circuit depressurized, the spring force of the springs 22 and 23 the pressure medium actuators 27 and 28 to their long standing position. However, if pressure is added, the pressure medium actuators 27 and 28 shortened and thereby increases the spring biasing force.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 10005509 C2 [0003]
• - EP 0914761 B1 [0004]
• - EP 1131992 B1 [0004]
• - DE 10149364 B4 [0004]
• - EP 0899996 B1 [0004]
• EP 0958730 B1 [0004]
• - DE 69906007 T2 [0004]
• - DE 69612230 [0004]

Claims (16)

Agricultural machine with a trestle ( 6 ), which by means of a Mehrpunktanlenkung ( 7 ) to a tractor ( 5 ), a tool carrier ( 2 ), which is at least one working tool ( 3 ), a handlebar assembly ( 35 ) for height-adjustable articulation of the tool carrier ( 2 ) at the trestle ( 6 ), a lifting device ( 24 ) for lifting the tool carrier ( 2 ) relative to the trestle ( 6 ) and a mechanical spring device ( 21 ) for weight reduction of the working tool ( 3 ) in the working mode, wherein with the spring device ( 21 ) a pressure medium actuator ( 27 . 28 ) for adjusting the biasing force of the spring device ( 21 ), wherein for feeding the lifting device ( 24 ) and the pressure medium actuator ( 27 . 28 ) a common pressure medium supply device ( 31 ) is provided, which is a switching and / or control device ( 33 ) for selectively actuating the pressure medium actuator ( 27 . 28 ) or the lifting device ( 24 ) having. Agricultural machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the switching and / or control device ( 33 ) a multi-way valve ( 34 ), which in a first position the pressure medium actuator ( 27 . 28 ) shuts off from a pressure supply port and / or the pressure supply port on the lifting device ( 24 ), and in a second position, the pressure medium supply port on the pressure medium actuator ( 27 . 28 ) switches through. Agricultural machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the multi-way valve ( 34 ) in the second position, the pressure medium supply port to an extension chamber of the pressure medium actuator ( 27 . 28 ) and in a third position, the pressure medium supply port to a retraction chamber of the pressure medium actuator ( 27 . 28 ) switches through. Agricultural machine according to claim 2, wherein the multi-way valve ( 34 ) in a third position the pressure medium supply port of the pressure medium actuator ( 27 . 28 ) and a Druckmittelrückführ- and / or -tankanschluss with the pressure medium actuator ( 27 . 28 ) connects. Agricultural machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the switching and / or control device ( 33 ) a manual actuation element ( 36 ) for manual operation. Agricultural machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the switching and / or control device ( 33 ) Detecting means for detecting at least one operating and / or machine parameter and control means for actuating the pressure medium actuator in dependence of the detected operating and / or machine parameter. Agricultural machine according to the preamble of claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring device ( 21 ) together with the pressure medium actuator ( 27 . 28 ) forms a strut-like strut, one end of the spring device ( 21 ) and the other end of the pressure medium actuator ( 27 . 28 ) is formed and which has at its ends in each case a point of articulation, one of which on the spring device ( 21 ) and the other on the pressure medium actuator ( 27 . 28 ), wherein spring strut-like strut by means of its two articulation points on two components from the group comprising the trestle ( 6 ), the handlebar assembly ( 35 ), the tool carrier ( 2 ) and the working tool ( 3 ) is articulated in each case articulated. Agricultural machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the pressure medium member ( 27 . 28 ) has a pressure medium cylinder which is fastened with its piston rod at a spring end and forms with its cylinder a point of articulation of the strut-like strut. Agricultural machine according to claim 7, wherein the pressure medium actuator ( 27 . 28 ) has a pressure medium cylinder which is fastened with its cylinder at a spring end and forms on its piston rod a point of articulation of the strut-like strut. Agricultural machine according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the cylinder of the pressure medium relay ( 27 . 28 ) is articulated and / or fixed to its cylinder collar, where the piston rod exits from the cylinder. Agricultural machine according to one of the preceding claims with a first link ( 10 ), which is 6 ) is articulated and of this in the direction of travel of the tractor ( 5 ) and a second and third handlebar ( 12 . 13 ), on the one hand articulated on the first link ( 10 ) and on the other hand hinged to a machine frame ( 2 ), so that the machine frame ( 2 ) of the second and third links ( 12 . 13 ) in the manner of a four-bar linkage on the first link ( 10 ) and is movable up and down, wherein the first link ( 10 ) about a transverse to the direction of travel pivot axis ( 18 ) pivotable on the trestle ( 6 ) is stored. Agricultural machine according to the preceding claim, wherein a control device ( 19 ) for controlling the pivotal position of the first link ( 10 ) depending on the position of the machine frame ( 2 ) relative to the first link ( 10 ) is provided. Agricultural machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the control device ( 19 ) is designed such that the first link ( 10 ) on the one hand and the second and third handlebars ( 12 . 13 ) pivot on the other hand in opposite directions to each other. Agricultural machine according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the control device ( 19 ) a fourth link ( 20 ), on the one hand articulated at the trestle ( 6 ) and on the other hand articulated to the second and / or third link ( 12 . 13 ) is articulated. Agricultural machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the articulation point ( 14 . 15 ) of the second or third link ( 12 . 13 ) on the first link ( 10 ) between the articulation point ( 32 ) of the fourth link ( 20 ) on said second or third link ( 12 . 13 ) and the articulation point ( 17 ) of the machine frame ( 2 ) on said second or third link ( 12 . 13 ) is arranged. Agricultural machine according to the preceding claim, wherein the fourth link ( 20 ) formed variable in length and is motion damped with respect to its change in length.