DE202005015896U1 - Laboratory ball mill with planetary rotated milling containers has a safety interlock preventing rotation if containers are not positively locked into the mill frame prior to operation - Google Patents

Abstract

A ball mill comprises a housing, a drive motor, and a rotatable carrier (1) for at least one holder for a lidded container (5). The holders are rotatable about their vertical axes and the containers can be releasably retained in an upright position in the holders by locking devices (92). An ejection mechanism (28, 29) may also be provided to assist container removal. The carrier (1) and holder (2) are each rotated by separate drive gears. The milling container locking devices comprise balls (92), which can engage with a groove or slot on the outer face of the milling container, and are at specific angular positions of the holder, actuatable via push buttons (98, 93). By pushing down a button the corresponding ball is allowed to clear the container retaining groove, permitting withdrawal of the container but at the same time engaging the lower end (94) of the push button actuator rod with a bore (96) in a base plate (91); in this position, any rotation of the mill is mechanically prevented.

Description

The Invention relates to a ball mill, in particular a planetary or centrifugal ball mill on a laboratory scale.

at Centrifugal ball mills grinding bowls are arranged and move eccentrically to a drive axis on a circular path. The rotation of a grinding bowl around his own axis is prevented in centrifugal ball mills. This can for example, a built-in sprocket, a gear ratio, a toothed belt, a rod guide, a Schmidt clutch or similar Device are used, which is the absolute rotation of the grinding bowl prevent.

in the In contrast, planetary ball mills are based on a combined Orbital and rotary motion for To create grinding bowls. Through the circulation of grinding bowl is a directed radially outward Centrifugal force exerted on the regrind. Unlike a centrifugal ball mill causes the drive the grinding bowl in a planetary ball mill an absolute rotational movement the grinding bowl about its own axis, the planetary axis, so that in a planetary ball mill in comparison to a centrifugal ball mill a much larger, more Centrifugal component is generated. This is superimposed on the centrifugal component, which is generated by the circulation of the grinding bowls about the center axis becomes. After all is also the Coriolis force effective. These three forces result at the planetary ball mill a resulting force field, the grinding balls and the material to be ground are exposed.

at certain dimensions of the rotating parts and certain rotational speeds in a planetary ball mill Trajectories for the Produced grinding balls. The grinding balls then move across through the grinding bowl until it touches the inner wall of the grinding bowl incident. Thereafter, the grinding balls on the inner circumference of the grinding bowl taken along, until the resulting force again ensures that the above-described transverse movement takes place and the grinding balls a Carry out flight movement through the grinding bowl. This is also referred to as "Wurfregime".

The Grinding action in a ball mill depends on different parameters, including the impact of the impact the grinding balls on the material to be ground on the Mahlbecherinnenwand. Further Influencing factors are the entire contact area between regrind and grinding balls or Mahlbecherinnenwand, the relative movement between the particles to be comminuted and the grinding balls or the Mahlbecherinnenwand and the pressure, the between the contacting surfaces of the Ground material and the grinding balls or Mahlbecherinnenwand can be achieved, as well as the frequency of the stresses the ground material by contacts with the grinding balls, for example by impact of the balls on the material to be ground.

If The grinding bowls are not put into self-rotation, sees a viewer who occupies the position of the center axis, while a circulation of the Mahlbecher bearing support device about the center axis the outer jacket circulate the grinding bowl once, while the grinding bowl with the support device the center axis circled.

Become the grinding bowls are not put into their own rotation, they are absorbed Viewer outside the mill no rotation of the grinding bowl true. Seen in the laboratory system, that is from outside the Mill considered, the grinding bowl always applies the same area to an observer outer shell to, while he with the carrier device the center axis circled.

Leads the Grinding bowl in a ball mill Self-rotation through, so that the grinding bowl in the laboratory system, ie Absolutely considered, revolves, so an observer in the laboratory system the outer jacket of the grinding bowl sees while the grinding bowl with the support device the center axis orbits (planetary ball mill), it is possible the mill to operate in the Wurfregime, so that at high rotational speeds a high painting performance is achieved.

Such a planetary ball mill is for example from the utility model DE 1 836 885 the same applicant. Therein a planetary ball mill is described, which comprises planet carrier, on which grinding jars are fastened with a tensioning device.

In the British document GB 730 494 For example, there is proposed a ball mill having a rotary chamber which rotates about its own axis and at the same time revolves around a fixed axis substantially parallel to its own axis, the spacing of the two axes being smaller than the radius of the chamber.

Due to the relatively narrowly spaced axes according to GB 730 494 can be achieved that the loading of the inner wall of the chamber more or less lines, however, a high rate of movement both relative to the inner wall surface of the chamber and within the chamber by the relative movement of the components, that is the ground material and the grinding balls. The balls should perform a rolling squeezing movement in relation to the ground material.

The trajectories for the grinding balls characteristic of a planetary ball mill as described above are according to GB 730 494 but not generated.

In the GB 730 494 described mill includes a grinding bowl, which is held in a cage by means of wedges. The wedges are clamped by a spider with the help of screws between the wedge-shaped on his outer wall corresponding grinding bowl and the cage. By the same spider, by which the wedges are tightened to fasten the Mahlbechers in the cage via screws, a lid for closing the Mahlbechers is clamped on the Mahlbecher with another screw.

Of the Cage is stored in a cylinder, which around a fixed axis, the center axis, is driven. For storage is an essay attached to the cylinder. The attachment takes up a roller bearing, which the above over Cylinder standing out of the cylinder engages in the area in which the spider and the actuating screws arranged for attachment of the wedges and the lid for the grinding bowl are.

Lids for closing the grinding bowl of ball mills are pressed in such conventional mills via a bracing device, for example by means of a spindle, on the grinding bowl, whereby at the same time the grinding bowl is pressed against the bottom of the cup receiving device. The bracing device can for this purpose have a bracket which engages in recesses of a Mahlbecherhalterung to apply the support force. Such an arrangement is for example in DE 297 24 830 U1 described.

According to the description in DE 1 836 885 is provided to fix the grinding vessel on the planet carrier of a planetary ball mill with a clamping device consisting of a strap, a crosshead and a thumbscrew.

Disadvantageous for example in the document GB 730 494 Mills described on the one hand, the complex construction. In addition, the closure of the grinding bowl with its lid is coupled by the construction with screws and spider to the attachment of the grinding bowl in the cage.

Of Further arises from the supernatant of the separate structure for receiving the spider and the screws an elevated one Space required to secure the grinding vessel in the cage. Another disadvantage is that the spider and the out of the Spider protruding part of the screws protrudes beyond the cage, resulting in rotation the mill one Risk of injury for brings the operator with it.

Disadvantageous also in the documents DE 297 24 830 U1 and DE 1 836 885 described designs that connect the lid and the grinding bowl directly or via auxiliary devices by screw, is also the complicated structure of these fastening devices for the grinding vessel in the receiving device.

The Inserting the grinding vessel in the Receiving device also requires several individual handles, in particular for positioning the grinding vessel in the clamping device and tightening the individual screws, and thus is time consuming and error prone.

Of Another disadvantage of the known tensioning devices is that the grinding vessel only then reliable is tightly closed when all the screws used at the same time have reached their target position.

It is therefore an object of the invention, a ball mill, in particular a planetary or centrifugal ball mill in laboratory scale ready to provide, which has a compact design.

Of Furthermore, it is an object of the invention, a fast, reliable and easier insertion of the grinding vessel in the receiving device to enable.

moreover It is an object of the invention to close the grinding bowl with a Cover and attaching the grinding vessel in the receiving device to decouple from each other.

These Tasks become surprisingly simple Way solved with a ball mill according to claim 1. Advantageous developments are the subject of Dependent claims.

The invention provides a ball mill, in particular a planetary or centrifugal ball mill on a laboratory scale, available, which is a housing, a support device which is rotatably mounted on the housing about a center axis, at least. a receiving device for at least one grinding vessel, which is mounted rotatably about a receiving axis to the carrier device and is carried by the center axis, a drive for the carrier device, a drive for the receiving device, at least one fillable with grinding balls grinding vessel, a Mahlbecher and a lid for releasably closing the grinding bowl, wherein the grinding bowl is held in the receiving device in a target position when it is fully inserted into the receiving device, wherein the receiving device and the Grinding vessel to each other complementary locking means for releasably securing the grinding vessel in the target position in the receiving device.

By doing the invention provides that the receiving device and the grinding vessel to each other complementary latching means to the detachable Attaching the grinding vessel in the Having target position in the receiving device may advantageously dispensed with separate fixtures. This will be a compact design of the ball mill reached. In addition, with the ball mill according to the invention a fast and reliable insertion of the Grinding jar in the Recording device allows because the awkward Positioning and tightening external clamping devices is eliminated. The Attaching the grinding vessel in the Recording device is further advantageously independent of the close the grinding bowl with the lid by means of separate own connecting means, because the closed jar in the Recording device is locked.

By the latching of the grinding vessel in his Target position is also ensured that the grinding vessel only then is mounted in the receiving device when it is in his correct, for the operation of the mill provided position in the receiving device.

In a preferred embodiment of the ball mill according to the invention provided that the locking means directly between the grinding vessel and receiving device Act. This design of the locking means further contributes to a simple, compact construction of the ball mill at. In particular, you can the locking means be designed so that they are directly between Grinding bowl and receiving device act.

According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the locking means for Producing a positive fit Connection between the grinding vessel and the Receiving device formed. Guaranteed in an advantageous manner this is a secure locking of the grinding vessel.

For example the latching means comprise at least one separate latching body, in particular at least a detent ball. The construction of the locking means with a locking body offers the advantage of even at high stress of the locking means stable construction due to changing loads.

According to one Another preferred embodiment provides that the detent body in the receiving device with respect to the receiving axis radially movable is arranged and a closed position and an open one Position can take, the locking body in the closed position is positioned in a region of the receiving device, which forms a space for receiving the grinding vessel, so that an axial Displacement of the grinding vessel in the Receiving device is blocked when the grinding vessel, the locking body in its closed position touched, and in the open Position outside the area of the receiving device, which has a space for receiving of the grinding vessel forms, is positioned so that the grinding jar is in its target position in the recording device can be brought.

The inventive arrangement of the detent body carries in the cradle advantageously in that the grinding vessel in the receiving device can only be fastened if, via a movement of the detent body the Ingestion of the target position of the grinding vessel was made possible. According to the invention is the grinding jar in the receiving device from a dip position over an intermediate position can be used in the target position, wherein in the Immersion position at least one part, in particular at least one lower part of the grinding vessel in the Submerged recording device. In the intermediate position of the grinding vessel forms the catch body in its closed position a stop for the grinding jar so that a further insertion to the target position becomes possible when the ratchet body in the open Position is transferred. In the target position is the grinding vessel in the receiving device after all locked by the locking means.

By doing the insertion of the grinding vessel over the Passing the intermediate position takes place, is advantageously a Defined position in which the transition from an unattached, loose state of the grinding vessel, itself if it is at least partially within the receiving device, can be done in a fastened state. By being in the intermediate position the grinding vessel sinking into the receiving device the catch body is blocked, the intermediate position is also clearly identifiable for the operator, so that then - like described below - the Inserting can be continued with the locking of the grinding vessel.

The locking means may comprise according to the invention at least one actuating element, with which the locking body can be brought from one position to another. In a preferred embodiment, the latching means comprise at least one actuating element for transferring the latching body from its open to its closed position, which represents the normal state of positioning of the latching body, and from its closed position to its open position, wherein the actuating element is a locking position, in which the latching body in closed position, and one Release position, in which the open position of the locking body is released, can take, whereby by transferring the actuating element from its locking position to its release position in response to the taking of the open position by the detent body, the grinding vessel from its intermediate position to its target position, and from his Target position can be transferred to its immersion position.

By the functional linkage of the invention actuating element the receiving device, the detent body and the grinding vessel is in an arrangement of three components, each along move only a single axis, in a mechanically simple manner a possibility created the grinding vessel in the Target locking device targeted and release targeted and doing the transition to selectively control between the catch and the released position can.

For example can the actuator in a preferred embodiment be designed such that it has a first receiving area for Receiving at least a portion of a detent body, with which the catch body in his open Position engaged. The open position of the detent body is thus in a defined way simply to achieve that the latching body penetrates into the first receiving area of the actuating element.

in the According to the invention, it is further provided that the actuating element comprises at least one holding region, with which the locking body in his closed position is in contact with the locking body in a defined manner Help a advantageously simple construction in its closed position to be able to bring.

According to one preferred development is the actuator in the receiving device axially held movable, for example, via springs, in particular coil springs, is axially biased, wherein in the locking position of the holding area of the actuating element the catch body in a region of the receiving device which holds a space for Formation of the grinding vessel forms, this means, that the holding area of the actuating element the catch body blocked so that a section in the room to accommodate the Grinder into it protrudes, and in the release position of the first receiving area at least a part of the detent body absorbs, so that the locking body outside the area of the receiving device is positioned, which forms a space for receiving the grinding vessel. With such Arrangement of the actuating element in the receiving device is advantageously by means of a simple construction a direct coupling of the operation of the actuator and the movement of the detent body achieved.

It is further within the scope of the invention that the locking means at least a second receiving area on the grinding vessel for receiving at least a part of the detent body include, with which the locking body in its closed position engaged when the grinding vessel is completely in the receiving device is used. In particular, the second recording area on Be positioned grinding bowl.

The closed position of the detent body is thus advantageously coupled manner to the target position of the grinding vessel. The target position of the grinding vessel in the Recording device defines the correct position of the grinding vessel for the operation of the Ball mill. The grinding vessel is according to the advantageous Development of the invention only in the receiving device attached, if it is this desired, for the Operation of the ball mill assumes a defined position. The invention therefore offers appreciable Advantages in terms of safety of operation of the mill.

ever according to the requirements of the application in question, the Invention advantageously different ways to design of the second recording area. For a particularly easy to manufacture variant is provided that the second receiving area a circumferential groove on the grinding vessel, in particular comprises an annular groove, in which the locking body can intervene. The area of the annular groove can be metallic Grinding vessel to be hardened or in carbide be able to withstand high loads.

Of the However, the second receiving area can also at least one recess in the outer wall of the Grinding vessel, for example in Shape of at least one dome, in particular in the outer surface of the Mahlbechers include, in which the locking body can engage. At this Embodiment can advantageously only the depression with a particular tough Surface, for example, from hardened Be provided with steel to withstand the high load of interventions Withstand catching bodies to be able to.

The ball mill may further include means for controlling the mill, in particular for one automated operation of the grinding process, exhibit. The control the mill allows an operation of the mill preferred only when the grinding vessel is fully inserted in the target position.

To achieve the achievement of the target position In another embodiment, the mill has a detection device for detecting the reaching of the target position by the grinding vessel, which in particular can give a signal to the control of the mill, so that the operation of the mill is started in response to this signal can.

The In addition, the invention advantageously offers the possibility of locking means to back up. When the springs with which the actuating element in the receiving device is axially biased, fatigue and break, that is otherwise the risk of the actuator unintentionally from its closed position in which fixes the grinding vessel is in his open Position arrives. Then the grinding vessel from the receiving device to solve.

Around the grinding vessel almost to keep securely attached in any position of the recording device sees the invention above, the movement of the actuating element only under defined Conditions to allow. In such a preferred embodiment is the ball mill designed such that at least a certain angular position of Carrier device, i.e. Position of the receiving device with respect to the housing and / or at least one particular angular position of the receiving device is defined with respect to the planetary axis in which the mill operates can be (operating position), in which so the onset of Grinding jar in the receiving device until reaching the target position or the removal is possible.

The Mill points For this purpose, preferably a safety device with securing means to lock the operation of the actuating element in a predominant Range of rotation of the carrier device and the recording device on (blocking position). The safety device defines the operating position in which the backup is canceled is and the grinding vessel locked or can be released. In the operating position so can the actuator moved from its locking position to the release position become. In other words, the securing means secure the locking means in the closed position. On the other hand, the securing means are unlocked when the operating position is taken.

Especially it is preferred, the operating position as a certain angular position the carrier device be designed so that the operating position with a specific position correlated to the recording device, for example the user, so that the receiving device in the carrier device predefined angulare operating position with respect to the recording axis, in which the actuator moved from its locking position to the release position can be. Now if the over- or reduction ratio of the plant rotation to Sun rotation selected in integer is, corresponds to the operating position with the specific angular position the carrier device and the cradle. In this case, the construction is the safety device particularly simple. Especially in this case is then provided that the securing means a stop element e.g. in the form of a stop plate which is fixed to the carrier device is connected and a stop for the at least one actuating element, especially for the lower end of the actuator forms the locking means. The stop plate further comprises at least one Through opening for the at least one actuating element the locking means and is positioned so that the operating position is taken when the actuator the locking means with the passage opening in the stop plate flees.

The design of the securing means is more difficult when a certain angular position of the support device is to be defined as the operating position of the moving parts of the mill and the over / under ratio is not integral. A preferred embodiment is described below with reference to 8th explained.

Around the grinding jar lightly to be able to remove from the receiving device comprises the receiving device Furthermore, at least one ejection device for ejecting the Grinder the cradle.

According to one preferred embodiment the ejection device at least one ejector for the grinding vessel, the in a leadership facility is positioned such that the ejector is a first position takes until the grinding vessel when inserting in the receiving device comes into contact with the ejector, and occupies a second position when the grinding jar in its target position in the Recording device is used.

advantageously, the ejection device further comprises at least one spring, in particular a coil spring, on which the ejector in its second position harnessed against the grinding jar, with the ejector when opening the locking means by pressing of the actuating element under the effect of the relaxation of the spring eject the grinding vessel to be able to.

The The invention will be described below with reference to the attached figures described in more detail. The same components are in the different figures with the same Reference number marked.

It demonstrate:

1 a schematic representation of the ball mill according to the invention in a side view,

2A a perspective view of the assembled carrier device of the ball mill according to the invention with hidden receiving devices 2 in a position of the carrier device in which the latching means can not be opened,

2 B a cross section through the two planetary axes in 2A .

2C a perspective view like 2A However, wherein the two receiving devices are installed in another relative angular position to each other and further rotated so that the locking means can be opened,

2D a supervision of the in 2C illustrated carrier device,

2E a cross section along the line AA in 2D .

2F a cross section along the line CC in 2D .

3 a representation of the recording device in supervision ( 3D ) and in cross-section according to section AA ( 3A ), Section BB ( 3B ) and section CC ( 3C )

4 a representation of the insertion of the grinding vessel in the receiving device at the beginning of engagement of the guide means in supervision ( 4D ) and in cross-section according to section AA ( 4A ), Section BB ( 4B ) and section CC ( 4C )

5 a representation of the insertion of the grinding vessel in the receiving device with progressive engagement of the guide means in supervision ( 5D ) and in cross-section according to section AA ( 5A ), Section BB ( 5B ) and section CC ( 5C )

6 a representation of the insertion of the grinding vessel in the receiving device when opening the locking means in supervision ( 6D ) and in cross-section according to section AA ( 6A ), Section BB ( 6B ) and section CC ( 6C )

7 a representation of the insertion of the grinding vessel in the receiving device when closing the locking means in supervision ( 7D ) and in cross-section according to section AA ( 7A ), Section BB ( 7B ) and section CC ( 7C ).

8th a schematic three-dimensional cross-sectional sketch of the support device in a mill according to the invention with four planets, in which some elements are not shown.

In the representation of the ball mill according to the invention in 1 is a breakout from a housing 8th to see at which the carrier device 1 around a center axis 15 is rotatably mounted. The ball mill further has a drive 17 for the carrier device. An engine drives a V-belt 19 on, which with the bottom disk 6 the carrier device 1 engaged.

Furthermore, the ball mill has a drive 27 for recording devices 2 on, over which the recording devices around the planetary or recording axes 25 can be rotated. Upon rotation of the carrier device about the center axis 15 transmits a toothed belt 21 over appropriately sized pinions 23 the rotation of the carrier device on the receiving devices 2 , where an over or under reduction can take place. In addition, in the context of the invention in principle also the possibility of reversing the direction of rotation.

The carrier device 1 According to one embodiment of the invention further comprises a cover 4 and a jacket element 7 , The upper boundary plane 10 for rotating parts of the ball mill is essentially by the cover 4 together with the upper boundary of the grinding vessel 5 Are defined. It only protrude the co-rotating lever elements 70 for fixing the lid 52 on the grinding bowl 51 over the plane 10 out.

The locking means according to the invention can be used in particular with such a compact ball mill, in which the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 and in the carrier device 1 sunk. However, the locking means according to the invention are not limited to an application in such a mill, but can also develop their above-mentioned advantages, if no such recessed arrangement of the grinding jars is selected.

In the following 2A and 2F are the case 8th , the jacket element 7 and the motor with the drive for the V-belt is not shown.

Referring to 2A has the cover 4 openings 45 on, through which the recording devices 2 into the interior of the carrier device 1 sunk into it. The grinding jar 5 is also through the opening 45 in the cover 4 into the interior of the carrier device 1 sunk into it, with the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 is used. Furthermore, the bottom plate 6 to see.

In the 2A and 2 B are the two recording devices 2 shown in different angular position. In practice, the two recording devices 2 However, for the most part to be aligned the same, as in the 2C . 2D and 2E is shown.

A cradle 2 comes with a first storage facility 31 and a second storage facility 32 around a recording axis 25 rotatable in the carrier device 1 stored. The upper storage facility 32 is in the cover 4 sunk. The lower storage facility 31 is in the bottom disk 6 arranged.

The carrier device 1 itself is around the center axis 15 rotatable via a third bearing device 33 and a fourth storage facility 34 stored. The third storage facility 33 is in the bottom disk 6 arranged. The thickness of the bottom disk 6 is greater than the height of the storage facility 33 , The third storage facility 33 is therefore common with the first storage facility 31 in the bottom plate 6 embedded.

The cradle 2 is integrally formed and includes an upper, a space 2a for receiving the grinding vessel 5 forming area and a lower, an axis extension around the recording axis forming area. The upper, a space for receiving the grinding vessel 5 forming region is cup-shaped and has an inner contour which corresponds to the outer shape of the grinding vessel 5 is adapted. This upper, an upwardly open cavity 2a for receiving the grinding vessel 5 forming area has a bottom and an adjacent to the ground annular side wall. The side wall is substantially completely closed. This will be the grinding vessel 5 from the cradle 2 almost completely enclosed annular and it is in particular a substantially full-surface contact of the lateral surface 55 of the grinding vessel 5 with the inner wall of the receiving device 2 allows.

The axle extension 30 the cradle 2 is hollow in the embodiment shown. The axle extension 30 can, as in the 2 B shown to have a through hole. The invention is also with an axle extension 30 to realize which includes a blind hole.

An ejector pin 28 for the grinding vessel 5 is in the hollow axle extension 30 the cradle 2 held. The ejector pin 28 is when inserting the grinding vessel 5 biased by a spring, not shown. For this purpose, the ejector pin 28 one to the recording axis 25 receding shoulder 35 which defines an upper seat for the spring. A lower seat for the spring is from the lower lens of the cradle 2 formed, which with the hollow axle extension 30 the cradle 2 connected is.

When inserting the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 becomes the ejector pin 28 through the bottom of the grinding vessel 5 down, into the hollow axis extension of the cradle 2 pressed. In this position, the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 fastened by latching. The spring is compressed. Will the attachment of the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 released, the spring relaxes and pushes the ejector pin 28 up, leaving this the grinding jar 5 with moved up.

To the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 to fasten, locking means are provided. Each cradle 2 has two diametrically opposed actuating pins 93 on, which each with a detent ball 92 interact. The detent balls 92 again act with the grinding vessel 5 together.

The actuating bolts 93 have a lower end 94 , The carrier device has to secure the actuating bolt 93 one, in this example with the bottom plate 6 and thus with the carrier device 1 non-rotatably connected stop plate 91 as a securing agent. In the in 2A and 2 B shown positions of the two recording devices 2 are the actuating bolts 93 locked and can not move from its position shown, where the detent ball 92 held in engagement with the grinding jar, are moved as the lower end 94 from the stop plate 91 is blocked.

To the locking means in a defined position of the receiving device 2 in the carrier device 1 to be able to serve, are passage openings 96 in the stop plate 91 intended.

In the 2C to 2F are the two recording devices 2 shown in an operable position. The cradle 2 is in such an orientation in the carrier device that the lower end 94 of the actuating element 93 in the passage opening 96 can occur when the actuator 93 is moved down. The actuator 93 can be pressed down by the operator, as explained below, so that the locking means can assume an open position. It can be seen that this double a backup function he is enough, namely on the one hand the actuators 93 only be betagedigbar when the mill is in the operating position and on the other hand, the rotation of the support device is prevented when at least one actuating element 93 is in its release position.

The attachment of the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 will be discussed below in relation to 3 to 7 explained.

One of the recording devices 2 is in 3 shown. 3D shows a plan view of a recording device 2 , In this supervision, the cradle has 2 , shown on the outside, an upper edge and, in the center, a room 2a for receiving the grinding vessel 5 , Furthermore, the actuating bolts 93 to see for the locking means.

In 3A the receiving device is longitudinal in cross section along the section line AA 3D shown. The cradle 2 includes pins 22 as a guide means, which in an axial guide groove 550 of the grinding vessel 5 intervene when this is in angular correct position in the receiving device 2 is used. The receiving device further comprises the ejector pin 28 on. Not shown is the spring which biases the ejector pin axially when the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 is fully inserted and with its bottom the ejector bolt 28 pushes down and thus spans the spring.

In 3B is a section along the section line BB with respect to 3D shown in which the locking means are shown in cross section. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the receiving device 2 Cooling ribs on the outside and inside in order to facilitate heat removal from the grinding stock via the grinding bowl wall and the receiving device.

The cradle 2 includes actuating bolt 93 and ratchet body 92 , The actuating bolts 93 have a first recording area 932 for the ratchet body 92 , and a holding area 935 in the form of a locking bolt with which the locking body can be in contact. Whether at least part of the detent body 92 in the first shot 932 engages, or whether the locking body in contact with the holding area 935 of the actuating element 93 depends depends on the axial position of the actuating element, in particular whether the actuating element 93 in its closed position or in its open position. The holding area or locking pin 935 is in a plain bearing bush 936 axially displaceable stored and guided.

The actuating bolts 93 are in the illustrated embodiment rotationally symmetric pins, which in the outer peripheral region of the receiving device 2 axially displaceable in guide channels 97 are stored. The actuating bolts 93 have an upper area, which acts as a kind of push button 98 is designed. If a force is exerted on the bolt by the operator via this push button, the actuating pin can be displaced axially.

An actuating bolt 93 also has a lower portion, which comprises means complementary to the latching body, thus by actuating the bolt 93 the displacement of the detent ball 92 for latching or for opening the latching of the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 can be effected. For this purpose, the actuating bolt 93 in its lower area next to the holding area 935 the first recording area 932 for the detent ball 92 on. The pushbutton-shaped end 98 of the actuating bolt 93 opposite end is from the stop surface 94 educated.

The Invention is not an axially movable actuator limited.

The 4 . 5 . 6 and 7 show 3 corresponding representations of the recording device 2 at different stages of insertion of the grinding bowl 5 in the cradle 2 , About the guide means and the locking means is the grinding vessel 5 in contact with the receiving device 2 ,

In 4 is the grinding vessel 5 in its immersion position with respect to the receiving device 2 shown. The grinding bowl 5 gets into the cradle 2 inserted and rotated about its longitudinal axis until the grooves 550 the grinding bowl 51 with the grub screws 22 the cradle 2 "Find", so that on further lowering of the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 the grub screws 22 in the grooves 550 can slide.

detent balls 92 and actuating bolts 93 the locking means are in the closed position. The detent balls 92 stand in contact with holding areas 935 the actuating bolt 93 , The cradle 2 has in the design according to the figures each two actuation bolts 93 and detent balls on, diametrically opposite in the receiving device 2 are arranged. In the context of the invention, however, more or less locking means may be provided.

The grinding jar 5 points at the grinding bowl 51 second recording areas 95 for the ratchet body on. The second receiving areas comprise recesses for receiving at least part of the detent body 92 , Such a recess can be designed as a milling vessel on the outside circumferential groove. According to an embodiment, not shown, the grinding bowl 51 as a second receiving area an annular groove in the outer circumferential surface of the grinding bowl 51 on. In this ring groove locking balls 92 intervene to the grinding vessel 5 axially in the receiving device 2 to lock.

In the example shown, the second receiving areas are as domes 95 executed. The domes 95 are due to the correct orientation of the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 over the guide groove 550 and the set screws 22 positioned so that they upon actuation of the bolt 93 and correspondingly far lowering of the grinding bowl 5 in his target position the detent ball 92 can handle ( 4B ).

5 shows a comparison with the representation of the immersion position of the grinding vessel in 4 slightly further lowered position of the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 , namely the intermediate position. The guide pins 22 are engaged with the guide groove 550 , The locking means with actuating bolt 93 and detent ball 92 are in closed position, the grinding vessel 5 as far as it is lowered, it is by contact with the detent ball 92 is prevented from further lowering.

The detent ball 92 is made by contact with the holding area 935 of the actuating bolt 93 at a radial displacement with respect to the receiving axis 25 hindered to the outside. The detent ball 92 protrudes into the room 2a the cradle 2 for receiving the grinding vessel 5 into it, leaving the grinding jar 5 from the detent ball 92 blocked in its axial position.

Another lowering of the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 from the intermediate position is only possible in the embodiment shown when the operator actuation pin 93 in the insertion direction of the grinding vessel 5 operated, that is in the present case, presses down.

By thereby taking place axial displacement of the actuating bolt 93 takes the holding area 935 a position below the axial position of the detent ball 92 one. The detent ball 92 is then no longer from the holding area 935 of the actuating bolt 93 blocked. In one with the axial position of the detent ball 92 Corresponding position is now the first recording area 932 of the actuating bolt 93 positioned. The detent ball 92 can from the sinking grinding vessel 5 displaced and moves radially outward until it engages the first receiving area 932 of the actuating bolt 93 arrives. The actuating bolt 93 was thus transferred from its locking position to its release position.

In 6 the arrangement is shown in a setting with latching means opened as described above. 6B shows the pressed down actuating pin 93 , which is shaped such that it in the open position of the locking means the deflection of the detent ball 92 and thus the further insertion of the grinding vessel 5 allowed.

By the weight of the grinding vessel 5 this lowers further into the cradle 2 off when the actuating bolt 93 a corresponding movement of the detent ball 92 allows the outside, so that this the movement of the grinding vessel 5 down no longer obstructed. The grinding jar 5 can then go down as far as its bottom on the ejector pin 28 seated, passing it through the guide means 22 . 550 to be led. In this position sits the grinding vessel 5 on the ejector pin 28 on, without its rest position (cf. 4 ), in which the - not shown - spring the ejector pin 28 held in a position in which the spring is minimally compressed to change significantly. In this Vorverrastposition the locking means are open. Alternatively, it may be advantageous to play between the grinding vessel 5 and the cradle 2 interpreted as low, that the grinding vessel 5 Must be depressed by the user before reaching the Vorverrastposition.

The operator leaves the pressure on the actuating bolts 93 in the open position as shown in FIG 6 so far lowered grinding vessel 5 that the grinding jar 5 upon engagement of the detent ball 92 in the first recording area 932 comes into contact with the detent ball, after, the actuating pins 93 not again in the closed position of the locking means (see 4 and 5 ), because in the meantime the lowered grinding vessel 5 prevents the locking balls 92 and the actuating bolts 93 can be moved back to the closed position. In the in 6 Therefore, the operator can by simply depressing the grinding vessel shown Vorverrastposition 5 lock the grinding container in the receiving device. For this, the operator can apply a force, eg to the lid 52 exercise and so the entire grinding vessel 5 continue down into the cradle 2 move into it. When the actuating bolts 93 take the release position and the detent ball 92 in contact with the first receiving area 932 stands, so is the adoption of the target position of the grinding vessel 5 allows.

In 7 is the latched target position of the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 shown. As in 7A it can be seen, has the guide pin 22 its upper end position in the guide groove 550 reached. The ejector pin 28 is ge over in the 4 . 5 and 6 shown, not completely inserted positions of the grinding vessel 5 drove down to his intake.

In 7B you can see that the detent ball 92 into the calotte 95 has moved, so the actuating bolt 93 could return to its closed position. Not shown in the figures are springs which axially bias the actuating pins. For the axial preload of the actuating bolt 93 can as well as for and the ejector pin 28 For example, helical compression springs are used.

When inserting the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 so move the grinding vessel 5 , the detent ball 92 and the actuating bolt 93 , The grinding jar 5 moves from top to bottom. The detent ball 92 moves from the inside out and back inwards with respect to the pickup axis. The actuating bolt 93 moves from top to bottom and back up.

The movements of the grinding vessel 5 , the deterrent ball 92 and the actuating bolt 93 correspond due to the running in response to the movements transferring the detent ball from one component to another with each other. The detent ball 92 is when inserting the grinding vessel 5 in the cradle 2 so to speak, from the holding area 935 of the actuating bolt 93 to the first recording area 932 pass, and continue from the first reception area 932 of the actuating bolt 93 to the second receiving area 95 of the grinding vessel 5 , where the detent ball 92 again with the holding area 935 of the actuating bolt 93 comes into contact.

8th shows a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the planetary ball mill according to the invention with four receiving devices, each with a grinding jar 5 ' of which only two, of which the left cut, are shown. Corresponding components in relation to the 1 to 7 are provided with the same reference numerals and apostrophe. The mill has a non-integer speed ratio between sun and planetary rotation. The securing device comprises a locking ring circulating around the receiving device 99 , which on the locking pin 935 ' is attached, which in this embodiment, however, from the upper part of the actuating bolt 93 ' axially separated. The locking pin 935 ' rotates like the in 1 to 7 shown mill with the recording device with. The upper part of the actuating bolt 93 ' however, in this embodiment is not as in 1 to 7 co-rotating with the receiving device, ie the planetary rotation, but on the support device 1' appropriate. Thus, here is the locking pin 935 ' indirectly by means of the locking ring 99 actuated. The stop element 91 ' is as a circular ring element at the center axle bolt 26 attached to the device housing in a rotationally fixed manner and overlaps with the locking ring in a large angular range 99 to lock it in general, as with the rear grinding jar 5 ' , The stop element 91 ' has a passage opening in the form of a lateral recess 96 ' on which unlocks the lock and the movement of the lock ring 99 and thus the actuators 93 ' and the locking pin 935 ' in a certain angular position (left grinding vessel 5 ' ) of the carrier device 1 releases.

As a result, it is also achieved in the case of the non-integer speed ratio that the operating position or unlocking of the actuating elements 93 ' regardless of the planetary rotation of the receiving device in a certain angular position of the carrier device is present, for example, when the respective receiving device assigns the user, and that a recording device associated actuators 93 ' always take the same position when the operating position of the mill is reached.

1

support device

15

central axis

17

drive for carrier device

19

fan belt

2

cradle

2a

room for receiving the grinding vessel

21

toothed belt

22

Guide means guide pin

23

pinion

25

Pin adapter

27

drive for cradle

28

ejector, ejector pin

29

guide means for the ejector

30

Achsfortsatz

31 32, 33, 34

Storage facility

35

shoulder

4

cover plate

45

opening

5

grinding vessel

51

grinding bowl

52

cover

55

outer surface of the grinding bowl

550

Guide means groove

6

bottom disk

65

opening

7

jacket element

70

Fastening means, lever member

8th

casing

91

Securing means, stop plate

92

Detent means, Catch body, detent ball

93

actuating pin

932

first Receiving area, locking means

935

Holding area, locking pin

936

plain bearing bush

94

lower End of the actuating bolt the locking means

95

second Pick-up area, catch means, calotte

96

Passage opening in the stop plate

97

guide channel

98

push-button

99

lock ring

10

upper Boundary level for rotating parts

Claims (21)

Ball mill, in particular planetary or centrifugal ball mill on a laboratory scale, with a housing ( 8th ), a carrier device ( 1 ) on the housing ( 8th ) about a center axis ( 15 ) is rotatably mounted, at least one receiving device ( 2 ) for at least one grinding vessel ( 5 ) around a recording axis ( 25 ) rotatable to the carrier device ( 1 ) and from this about the center axis ( 15 ), a drive ( 17 ) for the carrier device ( 1 ), a drive ( 27 ) for the receiving device ( 2 ), at least one grinding bowl which can be filled with grinding balls (US Pat. 5 ), which has a grinding bowl ( 51 ) and a lid ( 2 ) for releasably closing the grinding bowl, wherein the grinding vessel ( 5 ) in the receiving device ( 2 ) is held in a target position when fully inserted in the receiving device ( 2 ) is inserted, and the receiving device ( 2 ) and the grinding vessel ( 5 ) complementary latching means ( 92 . 93 . 932 . 935 . 95 ) for releasably securing the grinding vessel ( 5 ) in the target position in the receiving device ( 2 ) exhibit. Ball mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the latching means ( 92 . 93 . 932 . 935 . 95 ) directly between the grinding vessel ( 5 ) and recording device ( 2 ) Act. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the latching means ( 92 . 93 . 932 . 935 . 95 ) directly between grinding bowls ( 51 ) and recording device ( 2 ) Act. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the latching means ( 92 . 93 . 932 . 935 . 95 ) for producing a positive connection between the grinding vessel ( 5 ) and the receiving device ( 2 ) are formed. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the latching means ( 92 . 93 . 932 . 935 . 95 ) at least one latching body ( 92 ), in particular at least one detent ball. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the latching body ( 92 ) in the receiving device ( 2 ) with respect to the receiving axis ( 25 ) is arranged radially movable and can assume a closed position and an open position, wherein the locking body ( 92 ) in the closed position in a region of the receiving device ( 2 ) which is a space ( 2a ) for receiving the grinding vessel ( 5 ), so that an axial displacement of the grinding vessel is blocked in the receiving device when the grinding vessel ( 5 ) the catch body ( 92 ) in its closed position, and in the open position outside the area of the receiving device ( 2 ), which has a room ( 2a ) for receiving the grinding vessel ( 5 ) is positioned. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grinding vessel can be inserted into the receiving device from an immersion position via an intermediate position in the target position, wherein in the immersion position at least a part, in particular at least one lower part of the grinding vessel ( 5 ) in the receiving device ( 2 ), in the intermediate position the grinding vessel ( 5 ) in the receiving device ( 2 ) is blocked in its axial displacement, when the grinding vessel ( 5 ) the catch body ( 92 ) in its closed position, and in the target position, the grinding vessel ( 5 ) in the receiving device ( 2 ) by the locking means ( 92 . 93 . 932 . 935 . 95 ) is locked. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the latching means ( 92 . 93 . 932 . 935 . 95 ) at least one actuating element ( 93 ) for transferring the detent body ( 92 ) from its open to its closed position and from its closed position to its open position, the actuating element ( 93 ) a locking position in which the latching body ( 92 ) is in the closed position, and a release position in which the. Latching body ( 92 ) is in the open position has, wherein by the transfer of the actuating element ( 93 ) from its locking position to its release position in response to the ingestion of the opened one Position by the detent body ( 92 ) the grinding vessel ( 5 ) from its immersion position, in particular beyond its intermediate position, into its target position, and can be transferred from its target position into its immersed position. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating element ( 93 ) a first receiving area ( 932 ) for receiving at least a portion of a detent body ( 92 ), with which the locking body is in the open position in engagement. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one locking bolt ( 935 ) is included, with which the locking body ( 92 ) is in contact in the closed position. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating element ( 93 ) in the receiving device ( 2 ) is held axially movable, wherein in the locking position of the locking bolt ( 935 ) the catch body ( 92 ) in a region of the receiving device ( 2 ) holding a room ( 2a ) for receiving the grinding vessel ( 5 ) and in the release position the first receiving area ( 932 ) at least a part of the detent body ( 92 ) receives, so that the detent body outside the range of the receiving device ( 2 ) which is a space ( 2a ) for receiving the grinding vessel ( 5 ). Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the latching means ( 92 . 93 . 932 . 935 . 95 ) at least one second receiving area ( 95 ) at the grinding vessel ( 5 ) for receiving at least a portion of the detent body ( 92 ), with which the detent body ( 92 ) in its closed position can engage when the grinding vessel ( 5 ) completely into the receiving device ( 2 ) is used. Ball mill according to claim 12, characterized in that the second receiving area ( 95 ) on the grinding bowl ( 51 ) is positioned. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second receiving area ( 95 ) at least one depression in the outer wall ( 55 ) of the grinding vessel ( 5 ). Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second receiving area ( 95 ) one at the grinding vessel ( 5 ) comprises circumferential groove and / or a dome. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one securing means ( 91 . 94 . 96 ), which the locking means ( 92 . 93 . 932 . 935 . 95 ) secures in a predominant angular range of rotation in the closed position, wherein the ball mill defines an operating position in which the securing means ( 91 . 94 . 96 ) is unlocked, so that the actuating element ( 93 ) can be moved in the operating position from its locking position to the release position. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving device ( 2 ) in the carrier device ( 1 ) an angulare operating position with respect to the recording axis ( 25 ), in which the actuating element ( 93 ) can be moved from its locking position to the release position, and the support device ( 1 ) at least one securing means ( 91 . 94 . 96 ) for securing the locking means ( 92 . 93 . 932 . 935 . 95 ) in the closed position, the securing means ( 91 . 94 . 96 ) are unlocked when the receiving device ( 2 ) is positioned in its operating position. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the securing means ( 91 . 94 . 96 ) a stop element ( 91 . 91 ' ) associated with the support device ( 1 ) is rotatably connected and a stop for the at least one actuating element ( 93 . 94 ) forms the latching means, wherein the stop element ( 91 ) at least one passage opening ( 96 ) for the at least one actuating element ( 93 ) of the latching means and the receiving device ( 2 ) in the carrier device ( 1 ) occupies the operating position when the actuating element ( 93 ) of the locking means with the passage opening ( 96 ) is aligned in the stop element. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving device ( 2 ) at least one ejection device ( 28 . 29 ) for ejecting the grinding vessel ( 5 ) from the receiving device ( 2 ), wherein the ejection device ( 28 . 29 ) in response to the transfer of the actuator ( 93 ) from its locking position to its release position, the grinding vessel ( 5 ) transferred from its target position at least in its immersion position. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ejection device ( 28 . 29 ) at least one ejector ( 28 ) contained in a guide device ( 29 ) is positioned such that the ejector occupies a first position until the grinding vessel ( 5 ) when inserted into the receiving device ( 2 ) with the ejector ( 28 ) and takes a second position when the grinding vessel ( 5 ) in his goal position in the receiving device ( 2 ) is used. Ball mill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ejection device ( 28 . 29 ) at least one spring, in particular spiral spring, for biasing the ejector ( 28 ) in its second position.