DE1994462U - POROESE TEXTILE FLOORING. - Google Patents

Description

The present innovation relates to a porous textile floor covering, the back of which is coated in places with a pressure-sensitive adhesive.

It is known to coat the entire surface of webs or plates with a pressure-sensitive adhesive which is applied in the form of a solution or an aqueous dispersion, whereupon the solvent or the water is made to evaporate. Since the full-surface coating of covering webs requires a lot of material, a device has already been developed which allows the strip-shaped coating of a web-shaped material with adhesive (British patent 788 547); here the adhesive is made by means of a Comb-like squeegee applied, the comb teeth cover the web of fabric running under the squeegee. In this way, adhesive strips are formed on the fabric web between the teeth of the comb, while areas poor in adhesive are created between the same because the teeth of the squeegee cannot completely prevent the adhesive from reaching the fabric web running below them. Wall or floor coverings that are coated by means of this known device can only be attached to a corresponding base (wall or floor) by means of these pressure-sensitive adhesive strips. As the adhesive ages, it loses its adhesive strength and the connection loosens, or it loses its cohesion and becomes a permanent adhesive. Additional securing bonding is not possible because a dispersion adhesive cannot adhere to a pressure-sensitive adhesive or the adhesive-poor strip zones, and a solvent-based adhesive would loosen and mix the pressure-sensitive adhesive.

This disadvantage is to be eliminated by the innovation, which creates the possibility of combining the advantages of a partial point or strip-shaped immediate connection with permanent bonding with an inexpensive dispersion adhesive, which, according to experience, only provides adhesion after a fairly long time when the aqueous solvent evaporates and the remaining resin can form a film.

The porous textile floor covering forming the subject of the innovation, the back of which is coated in places with a pressure-sensitive adhesive, is characterized by the fact that it has a partial pattern that covers no more than about half of its back and consists of a pattern only when a pressure of at least 100 g / cm [hoch2 ] or when heated to at least 50 ° C has sufficient surface adhesion of the covering to the floor, applied in the molten state by means of a roller provided with depressions, the partial pattern each containing more than 3 mm wide non-sticky spaces, which can be glued with aqueous Adhesives (adhesive solutions or adhesive dispersions) are accessible.

The porous textile floor covering according to the innovation provides in particular the possibility, in cases in which a less permanent connection is desired, to carry out a removable partial surface adhesive only by activating the adhesive compound, dispensing with the additional adhesive bonding with aqueous adhesives.

It has been shown in practice that conventional pressure-sensitive adhesives have extraordinary disadvantages, in particular, in addition to the known aging and the consequent uncertainty of the bond, the significant difficulty that the pressure-sensitive adhesive is so sticky to achieve adequate adhesion it must be set so that it adheres very well, which, on the other hand, has the disadvantage that sticking takes place immediately the first time it touches the ground, which can only be corrected by pulling the entire covering upwards again. However, this generally has extraordinary disadvantages because dust particles, cement, concrete or wood parts are usually already stuck to the adhesive, which reduce the ability to be adhesively bonded with the second corrective bonding, as they do with a later detachment and relocation in a new location . When gluing with the special adhesive compound, which is possible according to the innovation, because of its low tackiness at room temperature, it can easily be moved until the correct position is reached, without any disadvantages, so that even less experienced people can carry out the laying. This makes it practically feasible for the first time to lay sheet goods in this way, because it was previously absolutely impossible to lay out immediately adhering goods, sheet next to sheet, so exactly parallel that they could remain in place without later correction. Due to the adhesive-free surfaces as well as the low tackiness of the adhesive pattern without pressure or heating, laying can be effected here relatively easily. It is even possible to re-cut membrane edges and edges without difficulty and only after this re-cut for the final partial surface connection, for example these edge joints, Lift this edge by edge, bring it to an elevated temperature using a normal hair dryer and press it firmly to connect it to the floor. Sufficiently firm means here that an unintentional shift in the position does not take place, but also with the possibility of a trace-free removal in the event of a move, because the adhesive compound is so strongly cohesive at room temperature that it is pulled away from the sub-floor, whether wood, concrete, Linoleum, etc., can be peeled off again. The heating temperature is chosen here so that the mass becomes noticeably sticky, but well below the pour point of the adhesive mass, as was necessary, for example, for the liquid application of the load-bearing adhesive mass to the floor covering. In practice, this temperature will be between 60 and 100 ° and can be easily reached using a normal household or industrial hairdryer. In the case of very porous materials, especially needled floor coverings, it is even possible to send a stream of hot air through the floor covering with a hair dryer or other device to the adhesive, so that it softens and by simply pressing it from above into the past unknown simple way is attached in places.

Since, as an alternative to this heating, the adhesive layer can also be activated by strong pressure, for example by rolling it on with an iron or concrete roller or by walking on it, which is of course the simplest means, the adhesive strength can be brought about in places by heating and in places by pressure, which in practice means a further significant reduction in the cost of the laying process. Finally, in those cases where there is a load on a wheelchair or a secure connection is desired for other reasons, the final permanent connection to the floor can be made with a commercially available, inexpensive synthetic resin dispersion adhesive or another adhesive, by brushing this either on the floor or on the back of the goods . When spreading on the floor, this can be done over the entire surface or by means of a toothed squeegee and the strip or point-shaped pressure-sensitive adhesive points press the adhesive at these points away to the non-tacky areas on their own because of their elevation of, for example, 0.5 to 1 mm, where it as soon as if it has given up its water through evaporation through the porous floor covering layer, it can produce a permanent bond by forming a film. If you coat the back of the covering yourself, the adhesive is automatically pressed into the spaces that are free of adhesive material by the squeegee coating. The activation of the adhesive, be it through pressure or heat, does not interfere with the setting of the aqueous adhesive. In the case of heat activation, on the contrary, tightening occurs more quickly due to faster water evaporation.

This laying technique in particular ensures that the edge seams and other difficult areas are not weighed down, which was previously very costly in order to prevent the covering from being lifted at these points and to bring about an inevitable, secure bond. This made particular difficulties, e.g. on stairs and other uneven surfaces, so that bonding with dispersions was only possible there if it was tacked with nails before it had set; otherwise one had to resort to expensive and dangerous gluing with adhesives containing volatile solvents. Previously, if you wanted to avoid the weighting of sheet-like gluing, you had to use a fast-setting solvent adhesive, a so-called impact adhesive, on the edges of the sheet, which was both expensive and labor-intensive and, in particular, resulted in the risk of edge contamination from excess adhesive. The present innovation avoids all these disadvantages in a very convincing way, and without being very expensive, because the use of costly solvents is avoided as a result of the use of 100% solids-containing hot melt adhesive. It is particularly important that they can be removed without leaving any traces, because previously rented rooms were allowed to be glued with water-based adhesives that could be removed again, but not with solvent-based adhesives, edge adhesives, etc., which resulted in permanent damage to the floor.

The innovation is explained below, for example with reference to drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows the rear view of a first exemplary embodiment of the floor covering according to the innovation in sheet form, FIG. 4 shows the rear view of a fourth exemplary embodiment and FIG. 5 shows the rear view of a fifth exemplary embodiment in the form of a plate, on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 1 shows the plan view of the back of a woven carpet 1 in the form of web material which, according to the innovation, is coated with strips 2 of a pressure-sensitive adhesive. The adhesive strips 2 run in the vicinity of the web edges and parallel to them. They can be applied to the back of the carpet in any known pattern, whereby it is only necessary to ensure that not only an at least 50% area remains free in order to give the aqueous adhesive sufficient contact surface, but that the strips that remain free are sufficiently wide are at least 3 to 5 mm for a sufficient adhesive surface.

2 shows a porous textile floor covering consisting of a needle felt web 1a, the rear side of which is provided with rows of pressure-sensitive adhesive strips 2a running in the direction of the web. These rows are offset from one another in such a way that when the needle felt web 1a is cut transversely to the web direction along the cut edge there are three contact adhesive dots, no matter what at which point the cut is made, i.e. at A, B, C or D.

The same result - but with less adhesive compound - is achieved if, as shown in FIG. 3, a porous textile covering sheet 1b is provided with strips 2b of adhesive compound running obliquely to the direction of the sheet and parallel below one another. For any cut parallel to the edge, the distance between two points of pressure-sensitive adhesive at the cutting edge is = a, while for every cut running at right angles to the direction of the web, the distance between two points of pressure-sensitive adhesive at the cutting edge is = b. The distance b depends on the angle alpha, which is 45 ° in the exemplary embodiment shown, but could of course also be selected differently.

The back of the porous textile floor covering 10 according to FIG. 4 has diagonally extending strips 20 made of adhesive material. When this covering is cut in any direction, there will always be a favorable distribution of the glue dots along the cut edge.

In the same or a similar way as webs, porous textile panels can also have a predetermined pattern of an adhesive compound on their rear side. In Fig. 5 the plan view of such a plate 1d is shown, wherein the adhesive compound applied in a pattern is denoted by 2d. Not only can the panels be coated individually with the adhesive, but there is also the option of coating a strip and then punching out the individual panels.

The porous textile floor coverings coated with adhesive on their back according to the innovation can now - depending on your requirements - be connected to the floor in a removable or non-detachable manner. In the first case, the covering only needs to be pressed on, whereupon the adhesive compound present in the form of a stripe or other pattern on the back of the covering causes the adhesive effect; However, if a permanent connection of the covering with the floor is desired, the back of the covering or the floor is coated with an aqueous adhesive, e.g. a dispersion, whereupon the covering is placed on the floor and permanently with it after the water has evaporated remains connected.

In the case of tufted or woven floor coverings, the adhesive mass must be softened by means of a hair dryer or in some other way from below, which can be easily accomplished by lifting the not yet bonded part of the covering.

Normally, the adhesive compound will only be softened at the edges, in particular at the end joints of two covering strips, so that the installation is very simple and the adhesive strength is permanent on the edges and sufficient on the other surfaces.

The bond between the adhesive mass and the goods is improved if the reverse side of the goods contains, for example, thermoplastic fibers (needle felt made of thermoplastic fibers,

Tufting made of thermoplastic threads or yarns) or covered with a layer of a softenable synthetic resin or resin compound.

According to the innovation, floor coverings of all types can be designed, for example needle felt coverings, tufted coverings with backing, woven coverings with and without backing, and carpet tiles.

With regard to the partial surface coating with the adhesive mass, various modifications are possible; For example, instead of straight stripes, corrugated stripes can also be applied to the back of the covering.

In addition, combinations of longitudinal strips with transverse strips or diagonal strips can also be provided.

The following exemplary embodiment is intended to show how the porous textile floor covering can be produced according to the innovation, for example.

To produce the adhesive compound are used: 20 parts by weight. Ethylene acrylate copolymer, 20 "" polyisobutylene with a molecular weight of approx. 15,000, 45 "" colophony ester of glycol, 10 "" micro wax and 5 "" butylated hydroxytoluene.

First the 20 parts by weight. Ethylene acrylate copolymer and the 20 parts by weight. Polyisobutylene is kneaded together in a double-Z kneader at approx. 130 ° C. and the resin is slowly added with constant kneading. Then the microwax and the butylated hydroxytoluene are added and the whole is mixed thoroughly. The finished adhesive is applied in sample form - also at a temperature of approx. 130 ° C - using a roller in which grooves 0.5 to 2.0 mm deep and 4 to 15 mm wide are engraved. The adhesive mass filling these grooves is transferred to the substrate in strip form, while the excess adhesive mass located between the grooves on the roller shell is wiped off with the help of a doctor blade and flows back into the molten adhesive mass in a vessel, into which the roller is immersed.

Claims (4)

1. Porous textile floor covering, the back of which is coated in places with a pressure-sensitive adhesive, characterized in that it has a partial surface pattern that covers at most about half of its back and is made from a pattern only when a pressure of at least 100 g / cm [hoch2] is exerted or when it is heated at least 50 ° C has sufficient surface adhesion of the covering to the floor, applied in the molten state by means of a roller provided with depressions, the partial surface pattern each containing more than 3 mm wide non-sticky spaces, which can be glued with aqueous adhesives (adhesive solutions or adhesive dispersions ) are accessible. 2. Floor covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive compound is applied to places of required immediate adhesion, such as the edges of goods. 3. Floor covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the adhesive compound is applied in strips diagonally or in waves to the direction of the web in order to enable a favorable distribution of the adhesive dots in the case of cuts in the direction of the web and transversely thereto. 4. Floor covering according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it contains thermoplastic fibers at least in the area of the back of the covering which, as a result of their softening when the molten adhesive mass is applied, ensure anchoring of the latter.