DE19916563A1 - Process for decanting low-boiling liquids - Google Patents

Process for decanting low-boiling liquids

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Publication number
DE19916563A1
DE19916563A1 DE1999116563 DE19916563A DE19916563A1 DE 19916563 A1 DE19916563 A1 DE 19916563A1 DE 1999116563 DE1999116563 DE 1999116563 DE 19916563 A DE19916563 A DE 19916563A DE 19916563 A1 DE19916563 A1 DE 19916563A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
natural gas
mbar
low
lng
storage tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE1999116563
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German (de)
Inventor
Peter Butz
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Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to DE1999116563 priority Critical patent/DE19916563A1/en
Priority to AU39649/00A priority patent/AU3964900A/en
Priority to PCT/EP2000/003031 priority patent/WO2000061989A1/en
Publication of DE19916563A1 publication Critical patent/DE19916563A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/02Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01Shape
    • F17C2201/0104Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01Shape
    • F17C2201/0104Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01Shape
    • F17C2201/0128Shape spherical or elliptical
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05Size
    • F17C2201/052Size large (>1000 m3)
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043Pressure
    • F17C2250/0434Pressure difference
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/037Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00Applications
    • F17C2270/01Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105Ships
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17CVESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00Applications
    • F17C2270/01Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0136Terminals

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for transferring low-boiling liquids, especially a fraction rich in methane such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), from a first storage tank to a second storage tank. According to the invention, a differential pressure of 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably 20 mbar to 50mbar, is adjusted during transferring. The storage tank (S2, S3) to be filled with the low-boiling liquid to be transferred is provided with a higher pressure than the storage tank (S1, S2) wherefrom the low-boiling liquid is taken. Evaporation losses are reduced by the inventive method for transferring low-boiling liquids.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Umfüllen niedrig siedender Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere einer Methan-reichen Fraktion, wie beispielsweise Flüssigerdgas (LNG), aus einem ersten Speicherbehälter in einen zweiten Speicherbehälter.The invention relates to a method for decanting low-boiling liquids, especially a methane-rich fraction, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), from a first storage container into a second storage container.

Unter dem Begriff "niedrig siedende Flüssigkeiten" seien beispielsweise Wasserstoff, Stickstoff, Sauerstoff, Methan, Ethylen, Ethan, Kohlendioxyd, Propylen, Propan, Ammoniak, LPG, Butan, Methan-reiche Fraktionen, wie beispielsweise Flüssigerdgas (LNG), etc. zu verstehen.The term "low-boiling liquids" is, for example, hydrogen, Nitrogen, oxygen, methane, ethylene, ethane, carbon dioxide, propylene, propane, Ammonia, LPG, butane, methane-rich fractions, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), etc. to understand.

Das Umfüllen von Flüssigerdgas (LNG), wird beispielsweise bei sog. LNG-Baseload- Anlagen, in denen große Mengen Erdgases, die gegebenenfalls über mehrere hundert Kilometer lange Leitungen der LNG-Baseload-Anlagen zugeführt werden, abgekühlt und verflüssigt und anschließend in flüssiger Form in großen Speicherbehältern zwischengelagert werden, dann erforderlich, wenn das verflüssigte Erdgas aus den Speicherbehältern in sog. LNG-Transportschiffe umgefüllt wird.The transfer of liquefied natural gas (LNG) is used, for example, with so-called LNG baseload Plants in which large quantities of natural gas, possibly over several hundred Kilometers long lines of LNG baseload systems are cooled and liquefied and then in liquid form in large storage tanks be stored temporarily, when the liquefied natural gas comes from the Storage containers are transferred to so-called LNG transport ships.

Da zwischen dem Gewinnungs- und dem Verbraucherland des Erdgases oftmals eine große räumliche Distanz herrscht, wird das verflüssigte Erdgas mittels LNG-Transport­ schiffen von der LNG-Baseload-Anlage (Export-Terminal) zu einem, im Verbraucher­ land vorgesehenen Erdgas-Import-Terminal transportiert. Ein erneutes Umfüllen des verflüssigten Erdgases erfolgt im Verbraucherland, wo dieses vor einer Wiederver­ dampfung und Einspeisung in eine Gasleitung im Regelfall wiederum in großen Speicherbehältern zwischengelagert wird.Since there is often a difference between the country in which the gas is extracted and the consumer If there is a large spatial distance, the liquefied natural gas is transported using LNG ships from the LNG baseload facility (export terminal) to one in the consumer the country's natural gas import terminal. Refilling the liquefied natural gas takes place in the consumer country, where it is re-used Steaming and feeding into a gas line usually again in large Storage containers is temporarily stored.

Bei der Beladung eines LNG-Transportschiffes aus den Speicherbehältern des LNG- Export-Terminals sowie beim Entladen des verflüssigten Erdgases aus den Transport­ speicherbehältern des LNG-Transportschiffes in die Speicherbehälter eines Erdgas- Import-Terminals ergibt sich nun das Problem, daß während dieser Verladeprozeduren ein Teil des verladenen, flüssigen Erdgases verdampft, was sowohl aus Kosten- als auch Umweltschutzgründen unerwünscht ist. When loading an LNG transport ship from the storage containers of the LNG Export terminals and when unloading the liquefied natural gas from transportation storage containers of the LNG transport ship in the storage containers of a natural gas Import terminals now have the problem that during these loading procedures a part of the loaded, liquid natural gas evaporates, both from cost and environmental reasons is also undesirable.  

Für die Rückgewinnung des während der Schiffsbeladung verdampfenden Erdgases an einem LNG-Export-Terminal wurden bereits unterschiedliche Prozesse vorgeschla­ gen, bei denen beispielsweise das überschüssige verdampfte Erdgas, welches nicht als Brenngas verwendet werden kann, wieder in den Verflüssigungsprozeß zurückge­ führt wird. Derartige Prozesse benötigen jedoch entsprechend groß dimensionierte Rückverdichter für das verdampfte Erdgas. Zudem wird der Verflüssigungsprozeß während des Zeitraumes, zu dem ein Umfüllen von verflüssigtem Erdgas aus einem Speicherbehälter in einen Transportspeicherbehälter erfolgt und es in verstärktem Maße zu einem Verdampfen von Erdgas kommt, negativ beeinflußt.For the recovery of the natural gas that evaporates during ship loading Different processes have already been proposed at an LNG export terminal conditions in which, for example, the excess evaporated natural gas, which is not can be used as fuel gas, back in the liquefaction process leads. However, such processes require correspondingly large dimensions Recompressors for the vaporized natural gas. In addition, the liquefaction process during the period when a transfer of liquefied natural gas from a Storage container done in a transport storage container and it in reinforced Evaporation of natural gas occurs, negatively affected.

Der Grund hierfür ist darin zu sehen, daß die Verflüssigungsprozesse derartiger LNG- Baseload-Anlagen für eine bestimmte Erdgasmenge, wie sie kontinuierlich über die erwähnten Ferngasleitungen zugeführt wird, optimiert und ausgelegt sind. Die Zu(rück)führung von verdampftem Erdgas in den zu verflüssigenden Erdgasstrom erhöht folglich die zu verflüssigende Erdgasmenge, was zur Folge hat, daß der Verflüssigungsprozeß nicht mehr bei den für die Normalmenge an Erdgas ermittelten optimalen Parametern betrieben werden kann.The reason for this is that the liquefaction processes of such LNG Baseload systems for a certain amount of natural gas, as they continuously flow through the mentioned gas pipeline is supplied, optimized and designed. The To (return) vaporized natural gas to the natural gas stream to be liquefied consequently increases the amount of natural gas to be liquefied, with the result that the Liquefaction process no longer with those determined for the normal amount of natural gas optimal parameters can be operated.

Für die Rückgewinnung des während der Schiffsentladung verdampfenden Erdgases an einem LNG-Import-Terminal wurden ebenfalls bereits unterschiedliche Prozesse vorgeschlagen, auf die hier jedoch nicht näher eingegangen werden kann.For the recovery of the natural gas that evaporates during ship unloading Different processes have already been implemented at an LNG import terminal proposed, but can not be discussed here.

Es ist daher oftmals üblich, daß das verdampfte Erdgas über einen entsprechenden Kamin ungenutzt an die Atmosphäre abgegeben bzw. abgefackelt wird. Die damit verbundenen Nachteile - wie Verlust an Erdgas, unnötige Verflüssigung des Erdgases, Umweltverschmutzung, etc. - sind offensichtlich.It is therefore often common for the vaporized natural gas to have a corresponding one Chimney is released unused into the atmosphere or flared. The one with it associated disadvantages - such as loss of natural gas, unnecessary liquefaction of the natural gas, Pollution, etc. - are obvious.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zum Umfüllen niedrig siedender Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere einer Methan-reichen Fraktion, wie beispiels­ weise Flüssigerdgas, anzugeben, das die genannten Nachteile vermeidet.The object of the present invention is to provide a low transfer method boiling liquids, especially a methane-rich fraction, such as wise liquefied natural gas to indicate that avoids the disadvantages mentioned.

Dies wird entsprechend dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren dadurch erreicht, daß während des Umfüllens eine Druckdifferenz von 10 mbar bis 100 mbar, vorzugsweise von 20 mbar bis 50 mbar eingestellt wird, wobei in dem Speicherbehälter, dem die umzufüllende, niedrig siedende Flüssigkeit zugeführt wird, ein höherer Druck als in dem Speicherbehälter, dem die niedrig siedende Flüssigkeit entnommen wird, eingestellt wird.This is achieved in accordance with the inventive method in that a pressure difference of 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably during transferring is set from 20 mbar to 50 mbar, being in the storage tank to which the to be filled, low-boiling liquid is supplied, a higher pressure than in  the storage tank from which the low-boiling liquid is taken, is set.

Erfindungsgemäß wird somit während der Schiffsbeladung am Export-Terminal der Betriebsdruck in den Schiffstanks um 10 mbar bis 100 mbar, vorzugsweise um 20 mbar bis 50 mbar, höher als der Betriebsdruck in den Speicherbehältern, aus denen das flüssige Erdgas (LNG) entnommen wird, eingestellt.According to the invention, the is thus during the ship loading at the export terminal Operating pressure in the ship tanks by 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably by 20 mbar to 50 mbar, higher than the operating pressure in the storage tanks from which the liquid natural gas (LNG) is withdrawn.

Beim erneuten Umfüllen des flüssigen Erdgases am Import-Terminal aus den Speicherbehältern des LNG-Transportschiffes in die Speicherbehälter des Import- Terminals wird eine Reduzierung des während des Umfüllens verdampfenden Erdgases erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, daß eine Druckdifferenz von 10 mbar bis 100 mbar, vorzugsweise von 20 mbar bis 50 mbar eingestellt wird, wobei in dem Speicherbehälter, dem das umzufüllende flüssige Erdgas (LNG) zugeführt wird, ein höherer Druck als in dem Speicherbehälter, dem das flüssige Erdgas (LNG) entnommen wird, eingestellt wird.When refilling the liquid natural gas at the import terminal from the Storage containers of the LNG transport ship into the storage containers of the import Terminals will reduce the amount of vaporized during the transfer Natural gas according to the invention achieved in that a pressure difference of 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably from 20 mbar to 50 mbar, in which Storage tank to which the liquid natural gas (LNG) to be transferred is fed higher pressure than in the storage tank to which the liquid natural gas (LNG) is removed, is set.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie mögliche Ausgestaltungen desselben seien anhand der Fig. 1 und 2 näher erläutert.The method according to the invention and possible configurations thereof are explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Hierbei zeigt die Fig. 1 einen Umfüllprozeß an einem Export-Terminal - bei dem flüssiges Erdgas aus dem Speicherbehälter 51, beispielsweise einer LNG-Baseload- Anlage in die Transportspeicherbehälter 52 eines LNG-Transportschiffes S verladen wird -, während anhand der Fig. 2 ein Umfüllprozeß an einem Import-Terminal erläutert wird.While a reference to FIGS 2 - in this case 1, the Figure shows a Umfüllprozeß to an export terminal -. Wherein the liquid natural gas from the storage tank 51, for example an LNG base load facility of an LNG transport ship S is loaded into the transport storage container 52. Transfer process at an import terminal is explained.

LNG-Baseload-Anlagen weisen in der Regel eine Vielzahl von Speicherbehältern mit einer Kapazität von jeweils 40.000 m3 bis 160.000 m3 auf. Bei anderen zu verladenden, niedrig siedenden Flüssigkeiten, wie z. B. LPG-Produkte, sind meist wesentlich kleinere Speicherbehälter mit Speicherkapazitäten im Bereich von 5.000 m3 bis 60.000 m3 vorgesehen.LNG baseload systems generally have a large number of storage tanks with a capacity of 40,000 m 3 to 160,000 m 3 each. For other low-boiling liquids to be loaded, such as. B. LPG products, usually much smaller storage containers with storage capacities in the range of 5,000 m 3 to 60,000 m 3 are provided.

Erfolgt am Export-Terminal ein Umfüllen des flüssigen Erdgases aus dem Speicher­ behälter S1 über Leitung 1, in dem eine oder mehrere Umfüllpumpen P1 vorgesehen sind, in die Transportspeicherbehälter S2 des LNG-Transportschiffes S, so kommt es zu einem Verdampfen des umzufüllenden Mediums, da sowohl über die Umfüllpum­ pe(n) P1, die Leitung 1 - die sich u. U. über mehrere Kilometer erstrecken kann - als auch auf die Transportspeicherbehälter S2 Wärme einfällt. Das verdampfte, über­ schüssige Erdgas kann aus den Transportspeicherbehältern S2 über die Leitungen 2 und 4 abgefackelt und/oder wieder dem Verflüssigungsprozeß zugeführt werden. Über Leitung 3 wird dem Speicherbehälter S1 Gas zur Druckhaltung zugeführt.If at the export terminal the liquid natural gas is transferred from the storage container S1 via line 1 , in which one or more transfer pumps P1 are provided, into the transport storage container S2 of the LNG transport ship S, the medium to be transferred evaporates, since both via the Umfüllpum pe (n) P1, the line 1 - which u. U. Can extend over several kilometers - and heat falls on the transport storage container S2. The vaporized, excess natural gas can be flared from the transport storage containers S2 via lines 2 and 4 and / or fed back to the liquefaction process. Gas for pressure maintenance is fed via line 3 to the storage container S1.

Erfindungsgemäß wird während des Umfüllens eine Druckdifferenz von 10 mbar bis 100 mbar, vorzugsweise von 20 mbar bis 50 mbar eingestellt, wobei in dem bzw. den Transportspeicherbehältern S2 ein höherer Druck als in dem Speicherbehälter S1 der LNG-Baseload-Anlage eingestellt wird.According to the invention, a pressure difference of 10 mbar to during the decanting 100 mbar, preferably set from 20 mbar to 50 mbar, in which or Transport storage container S2 a higher pressure than in the storage container S1 LNG baseload facility is discontinued.

Mittels dieser Verfahrensweise wird die Verdampfungsrate des umzupumpenden Mediums deutlich verringert, wodurch Verluste an verflüssigtem Erdgas und die eingangs erwähnten Probleme, die sich mit dem Abfackeln bzw. der Rückführung des verdampften Erdgases in den Verflüssigungsprozeß ergeben, vermieden werden.Using this procedure, the evaporation rate of the pumped Medium significantly reduced, resulting in losses of liquefied natural gas and the problems mentioned at the outset, which deal with the flaring or the return of the evaporated natural gas in the liquefaction process can be avoided.

Beim Umfüllen des flüssigen Erdgases aus den Transportspeicherbehältern S2 des LNG-Transportschiffes S in den bzw. in die Speicherbehälter S3 eines Flüssigerdgas- Import-Terminals - wie es in der Fig. 2 dargestellt ist - wird erfindungsgemäß in dem bzw. in den Speicherbehältern S3 des Flüssigerdgas-Import-Terminals ein höherer Druck als in den Speicherbehältern S2 des LNG-Transportschiffes S eingestellt. Hierbei wird erfindungsgemäß eine Druckdifferenz von 10 mbar bis 100 mbar, vorzugs­ weise von 20 mbar bis 50 mbar eingestellt.When decanting the liquid natural gas from the transport storage containers S2 of the LNG transport ship S into or into the storage containers S3 of a liquefied natural gas import terminal - as shown in FIG. 2 - according to the invention, the storage container S3 or Liquid natural gas import terminals set a higher pressure than in the storage tanks S2 of the LNG transport ship S. Here, according to the invention, a pressure difference of 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably from 20 mbar to 50 mbar, is set.

Das Umfüllen des flüssigen Erdgases aus den Transportspeicherbehältern S2 des LNG-Transportschiffes S in den bzw. in die Speicherbehälter S3 eines Flüssigerdgas- Import-Terminals erfolgt mit Hilfe der in den Speicherbehältern S2 installierten Pumpen P2 über wenigstens eine Umfülleitung 5.The transfer of the liquid natural gas from the transport storage tanks S2 of the LNG transport ship S into or into the storage tanks S3 of a liquefied natural gas import terminal takes place with the aid of the pumps P2 installed in the storage tanks S2 via at least one transfer line 5 .

Das aus dem oder den Speicherbehältern S3 über Leitung 6 entweichende Gas wird aufgeteilt. Ein Teilstrom wird über Leitung 7 zur Druckhaltung den Speicherbehältern S2 des LNG-Transportschiffes S zugeführt. Gegebenenfalls muß hierbei ein Rückgas­ gebläse C installiert werden. Das restliche, überschüssige Gas wird über Leitung 8 der weiteren Verwendung - z. B. als Brenngas - zugeführt. The gas escaping from the storage tank or stores S3 via line 6 is divided. A partial stream is fed via line 7 to the storage containers S2 of the LNG transport ship S for pressure maintenance. If necessary, a return gas blower C must be installed. The remaining, excess gas is via line 8 of further use - z. B. as fuel gas - supplied.

Es sei betont, daß das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Umfüllen niedrig siedender Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere einer Methan-reichen Fraktion, wie beispielsweise Flüssigerdgas (LNG), nicht nur bei der Umfüllung eines verflüssigten Erdgasstromes - wie anhand der Fig. 1 und 2 erläutert -, sondern auch beim Umfüllen beliebiger niedrig siedender Medien Sinn macht bzw. anwendbar ist. Auch muß es sich nicht immer zwangsläufig um eine Schiffsbe- oder -entladung handeln, wie oben beschrieben.It should be emphasized that the method according to the invention for decanting low-boiling liquids, in particular a methane-rich fraction, such as, for example, liquefied natural gas (LNG), not only when decanting a liquefied natural gas stream - as explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 - but also makes sense or is applicable when decanting any low-boiling media. Also, it does not always have to be a ship loading or unloading, as described above.

Claims (1)

Verfahren zum Umfüllen niedrig siedender Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere einer Methan-reichen Fraktion, wie beispielsweise Flüssigerdgas (LNG), aus einem ersten Speicherbehälter in einen zweiten Speicherbehälter, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß während des Umfüllens eine Druckdifferenz von 10 mbar bis 100 mbar, vorzugsweise von 20 mbar bis 50 mbar eingestellt wird, wobei in dem Speicherbehälter (S2, S3), dem die umzufüllende, niedrig siedende Flüssigkeit zugeführt wird, ein höherer Druck als in dem Speicherbehälter (51, 52), dem die niedrig siedende Flüssigkeit entnommen wird, eingestellt wird.Process for transferring low-boiling liquids, in particular a fraction rich in methane, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), from a first storage container into a second storage container, characterized in that a pressure difference of 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably of 20, during transferring mbar to 50 mbar is set, a higher pressure being set in the storage container (S2, S3) to which the low-boiling liquid to be refilled is supplied than in the storage container ( 51 , 52 ) from which the low-boiling liquid is removed .
DE1999116563 1999-04-13 1999-04-13 Process for decanting low-boiling liquids Withdrawn DE19916563A1 (en)

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AU39649/00A AU3964900A (en) 1999-04-13 2000-04-05 Method for transferring low-boiling liquids
PCT/EP2000/003031 WO2000061989A1 (en) 1999-04-13 2000-04-05 Method for transferring low-boiling liquids

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