WO2000061989A1 - Method for transferring low-boiling liquids - Google Patents

Method for transferring low-boiling liquids Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000061989A1
WO2000061989A1 PCT/EP2000/003031 EP0003031W WO0061989A1 WO 2000061989 A1 WO2000061989 A1 WO 2000061989A1 EP 0003031 W EP0003031 W EP 0003031W WO 0061989 A1 WO0061989 A1 WO 0061989A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
natural gas
mbar
lng
low
storage container
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PCT/EP2000/003031
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Butz
Original Assignee
Linde Aktiengesellschaft
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Publication date
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Priority to AU39649/00A priority Critical patent/AU3964900A/en
Publication of WO2000061989A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000061989A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F17C2250/0434—Pressure difference
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0136—Terminals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for decanting low-boiling liquids, in particular a methane-rich fraction, such as, for example, liquefied natural gas (LNG), from a first storage container into a second storage container
  • a methane-rich fraction such as, for example, liquefied natural gas (LNG)
  • low-boiling liquids should be understood to mean, for example, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, methane, ethylene, ethane, carbon dioxide, propylene, propane, ammonia, LPG, butane, methane-rich fractions, such as, for example, liquefied natural gas (LNG), etc. .
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • LNG baseload plants in which large quantities of natural gas, which may be supplied to the LNG baseload plants over several hundred kilometers of lines, are subsequently liquefied are temporarily stored in large storage containers when the liquefied natural gas is transferred from the storage containers to so-called LNG transport ships.
  • the liquefied natural gas is converted from the LNG baseload facility (export terminal) to a natural gas import terminal in the consumer country by means of LNG transport ships transported.
  • the liquefied natural gas is refilled in the consumer country, where it is usually stored in large storage tanks before being re-evaporated and fed into a gas line.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for decanting low-boiling liquids, in particular a methane-rich fraction, such as, for example, natural gas, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned
  • the operating pressure in the ship tanks is thus set by 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably 20 mbar to 50 mbar higher than the operating pressure in the storage containers from which the liquid natural gas (LNG) is taken, during the ship loading at the export terminal
  • a reduction in the natural gas evaporating during the refilling is achieved according to the invention in that a pressure difference of 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably of 20 mbar to 50 mbar is set, a higher pressure being set in the storage container to which the liquid natural gas to be transferred (LNG) is being fed than in the storage container from which the liquid natural gas (LNG) is removed
  • FIG. 1 shows a refilling process at an export terminal - in which liquid natural gas is loaded from the storage container S1, for example an LNG baseload system, into the transport storage container S2 of an LNG transport ship S - while FIG. 2 shows a refilling process at an import -Terminal is explained
  • LNG baseload systems generally have a large number of storage containers with a capacity of 40,000 m 3 to 160,000 m 3 each.
  • Other low-boiling liquids to be loaded, such as LPG products, are usually much smaller storage containers with storage capacities provided in the range of 5,000 m 3 to 60,000 m 3
  • the liquid container is imported into or into the storage container S3 - Terminals set a higher pressure than in the storage containers S2 of the LNG transport ship S
  • a pressure difference of 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably 20 mbar to 50 mbar is set

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for transferring low-boiling liquids, especially a fraction rich in methane such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), from a first storage tank to a second storage tank. According to the invention, a differential pressure of 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably 20 mbar to 50mbar, is adjusted during transferring. The storage tank (S2, S3) to be filled with the low-boiling liquid to be transferred is provided with a higher pressure than the storage tank (S1, S2) wherefrom the low-boiling liquid is taken. Evaporation losses are reduced by the inventive method for transferring low-boiling liquids.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren zum Umfüllen niedrig siedender FlüssigkeitenProcess for decanting low-boiling liquids
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Umfüllen niedrig siedender Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere einer Methan-reichen Fraktion, wie beispielsweise Flüssigerdgas (LNG), aus einem ersten Speicherbehälter in einen zweiten SpeicherbehälterThe invention relates to a method for decanting low-boiling liquids, in particular a methane-rich fraction, such as, for example, liquefied natural gas (LNG), from a first storage container into a second storage container
Unter dem Begriff "niedrig siedende Flüssigkeiten" seien beispielsweise Wasserstoff, Stickstoff, Sauerstoff, Methan, Ethylen, Ethan, Kohlendioxyd, Propylen, Propan, Ammoniak, LPG, Butan, Methan-reiche Fraktionen, wie beispielsweise Flüssigerdgas (LNG), etc. zu verstehen.The term "low-boiling liquids" should be understood to mean, for example, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, methane, ethylene, ethane, carbon dioxide, propylene, propane, ammonia, LPG, butane, methane-rich fractions, such as, for example, liquefied natural gas (LNG), etc. .
Das Umfüllen von Flüssigerdgas (LNG), wird beispielsweise bei sog. LNG-Baseload- Anlagen, in denen große Mengen Erdgases, die gegebenenfalls über mehrere hundert Kilometer lange Leitungen der LNG-Baseload-Anlagen zugeführt werden, abgekühlt und verflüssigt und anschließend in flüssiger Form in großen Speicherbehältern zwischengelagert werden, dann erforderlich, wenn das verflüssigte Erdgas aus den Speicherbehältern in sog. LNG-Transportschiffe umgefüllt wird.The transfer of liquefied natural gas (LNG) is cooled and liquefied, for example, in so-called LNG baseload plants, in which large quantities of natural gas, which may be supplied to the LNG baseload plants over several hundred kilometers of lines, are subsequently liquefied are temporarily stored in large storage containers when the liquefied natural gas is transferred from the storage containers to so-called LNG transport ships.
Da zwischen dem Gewinnungs- und dem Verbraucherland des Erdgases oftmals eine große räumliche Distanz herrscht, wird das verflüssigte Erdgas mittels LNG-Transport- schiffen von der LNG-Baseload-Anlage (Export-Terminal) zu einem, im Verbraucherland vorgesehenen Erdgas-Import-Terminal transportiert. Ein erneutes Umfüllen des verflüssigten Erdgases erfolgt im Verbraucherland, wo dieses vor einer Wiederverdampfung und Einspeisung in eine Gasleitung im Regelfall wiederum in großen Speicherbehältern zwischengelagert wird.Since there is often a large spatial distance between the country where the gas is extracted and the consumer country, the liquefied natural gas is converted from the LNG baseload facility (export terminal) to a natural gas import terminal in the consumer country by means of LNG transport ships transported. The liquefied natural gas is refilled in the consumer country, where it is usually stored in large storage tanks before being re-evaporated and fed into a gas line.
Bei der Beladung eines LNG-Transportschiffes aus den Speicherbehältern des LNG- Export-Terminals sowie beim Entladen des verflüssigten Erdgases aus den Transport- speicherbehältem des LNG-Transportschiffes in die Speicherbehälter eines Erdgas- Import-Terminals ergibt sich nun das Problem, daß während dieser Verladeprozeduren ein Teil des verladenen, flüssigen Erdgases verdampft, was sowohl aus Kosten- als auch Umweltschutzgründen unerwünscht ist. Für die Ruckgewinnung des wahrend der Schiffsbeladuπg verdampfenden Erdgases an einem LNG-Export-Terminal wurden bereits unterschiedliche Prozesse vorgeschlagen, bei denen beispielsweise das überschüssige verdampfte Erdgas, welches nicht als Brenngas verwendet werden kann wieder in den Verflussigungsprozeß zurückgeführt wird Derartige Prozesse benotigen jedoch entsprechend groß dimensionierte Ruckverdichter für das verdampfte Erdgas Zudem wird der Verflussigungsprozeß wahrend des Zeitraumes zu dem ein Umfüllen von verflüssigtem Erdgas aus einem Speicherbehalter in einen Transportspeicherbehalter erfolgt und es in verstärktem Maße zu einem Verdampfen von Erdgas kommt, negativ beeinflußtWhen loading an LNG transport ship from the storage containers of the LNG export terminal and when unloading the liquefied natural gas from the transport storage containers of the LNG transport ship into the storage containers of a natural gas import terminal, the problem now arises that during these loading procedures part of the loaded liquid natural gas evaporates, which is undesirable for reasons of cost as well as environmental protection. Various processes have already been proposed for the recovery of the natural gas evaporating during ship loading at an LNG export terminal, in which, for example, the excess evaporated natural gas, which cannot be used as fuel gas, is returned to the liquefaction process. However, such processes require correspondingly large dimensions Compressor for the vaporized natural gas In addition, the liquefaction process is negatively influenced during the period when liquefied natural gas is transferred from a storage container to a transport storage container and there is an increased evaporation of natural gas
Der Grund hierfür ist dann zu sehen daß die Verflussigungsprozesse derartiger LNG- Baseload-Anlagen für eine bestimmte Erdgasmenge, wie sie kontinuierlich über die erwähnten Ferngasleitungen zugeführt wird, optimiert und ausgelegt sind Die Zu(ruck)fuhruπg von verdampftem Erdgas in den zu verflüssigenden Erdgasstrom erhöht folglich die zu verflüssigende Erdgasmenge, was zur Folge hat, daß derThe reason for this is then to be seen that the liquefaction processes of such LNG baseload plants are optimized and designed for a certain amount of natural gas, as is continuously supplied via the above-mentioned gas pipelines. The supply of evaporated natural gas increases in the natural gas stream to be liquefied consequently the amount of natural gas to be liquefied, with the result that the
Verflussigungsprozeß nicht mehr bei den für die Normalmenge an Erdgas ermittelten optimalen Parametern betrieben werden kannLiquefaction process can no longer be operated with the optimal parameters determined for the normal amount of natural gas
Für die Rückgewinnung des wahrend der Schiffsentladung verdampfenden Erdgases an einem LNG-Import-Terminal wurden ebenfalls bereits unterschiedliche Prozesse vorgeschlagen auf die hier jedoch nicht naher eingegangen werden kannVarious processes have already been proposed for the recovery of the natural gas evaporating during ship unloading at an LNG import terminal, but these cannot be dealt with in more detail here
Es ist daher oftmals üblich, daß das verdampfte Erdgas über einen entsprechenden Kamin ungenutzt an die Atmosphäre abgegeben bzw abgefackelt wird Die damit verbundenen Nachteile - wie Verlust an Erdgas, unnötige Verflüssigung des Erdgases, Umweltverschmutzung, etc - sind offensichtlichIt is therefore common for the vaporized natural gas to be released into a flue or flared through a corresponding chimney. The associated disadvantages - such as loss of natural gas, unnecessary liquefaction of the natural gas, environmental pollution, etc. - are obvious
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zum Umfüllen niedrig siedender Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere einer Methan-reichen Fraktion, wie beispiels- weise Fiussigerdgas anzugeben das die genannten Nachteile vermeidetThe object of the present invention is to provide a method for decanting low-boiling liquids, in particular a methane-rich fraction, such as, for example, natural gas, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned
Dies wird entsprechend dem erfindungsgemaßen Verfahren dadurch erreicht daß wahrend des Umfullens eine Druckdifferenz von 10 mbar bis 100 mbar, vorzugsweise von 20 mbar bis 50 mbar eingestellt wird wobei in dem Speicherbehalter dem die umzufüllende niedrig siedende Flüssigkeit zugeführt wird ein höherer Druck als in dem Speicherbehalter dem die niedrig siedende Flüssigkeit entnommen wird eingestellt wirdThis is achieved in accordance with the method according to the invention in that a pressure difference of 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably from 20 mbar to 50 mbar, is set during the refilling, wherein a higher pressure than in is fed into the storage container to which the low-boiling liquid to be filled is fed the storage container from which the low-boiling liquid is removed is set
Erfindungsgemaß wird somit wahrend der Schiffsbeladung am Export-Terminal der Betriebsdruck in den Schiffstanks um 10 mbar bis 100 mbar vorzugsweise um 20 mbar bis 50 mbar hoher als der Betriebsdruck in den Speicherbehaltern aus denen das flussige Erdgas (LNG) entnommen wird, eingestelltAccording to the invention, the operating pressure in the ship tanks is thus set by 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably 20 mbar to 50 mbar higher than the operating pressure in the storage containers from which the liquid natural gas (LNG) is taken, during the ship loading at the export terminal
Beim erneuten Umfüllen des flussigen Erdgases am Import-Terminal aus den Speicherbehaltern des LNG-Transportschiffes in die Speicherbehalter des Import- Terminals wird eine Reduzierung des wahrend des Umfullens verdampfenden Erdgases erfindungsgemaß dadurch erreicht, daß eine Druckdifferenz von 10 mbar bis 100 mbar, vorzugsweise von 20 mbar bis 50 mbar eingestellt wird, wobei in dem Speicherbehalter, dem das umzufüllende flussige Erdgas (LNG) zugeführt wird, ein höherer Druck als in dem Speicherbehalter, dem das flussige Erdgas (LNG) entnommen wird, eingestellt wirdWhen the liquid natural gas is refilled at the import terminal from the storage containers of the LNG transport ship into the storage containers of the import terminal, a reduction in the natural gas evaporating during the refilling is achieved according to the invention in that a pressure difference of 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably of 20 mbar to 50 mbar is set, a higher pressure being set in the storage container to which the liquid natural gas to be transferred (LNG) is being fed than in the storage container from which the liquid natural gas (LNG) is removed
Das erfindungsgemaße Verfahren sowie mögliche Ausgestaltungen desselben seien anhand der Figuren 1 und 2 naher erläutertThe method according to the invention and possible configurations thereof are explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2
Hierbei zeigt die Figur 1 einen Umfullprozeß an einem Export-Terminal - bei dem flussiges Erdgas aus dem Speicherbehalter S1 beispielsweise einer LNG-Baseload- Anlage in die Transportspeicherbehalter S2 eines LNG-Transportschiffes S verladen wird - wahrend anhand der Figur 2 ein Umfullprozeß an einem Import-Terminal erläutert wird1 shows a refilling process at an export terminal - in which liquid natural gas is loaded from the storage container S1, for example an LNG baseload system, into the transport storage container S2 of an LNG transport ship S - while FIG. 2 shows a refilling process at an import -Terminal is explained
LNG-Baseload-Anlagen weisen in der Regel eine Vielzahl von Speicherbehaltern mit einer Kapazität von jeweils 40 000 m3 bis 160 000 m3 auf Bei anderen zu verladenden niedrig siedenden Flüssigkeiten, wie z B LPG-Produkte, sind meist wesentlich kleinere Speicherbehalter mit Speicherkapazitäten im Bereich von 5 000 m3 bis 60 000 m3 vorgesehenLNG baseload systems generally have a large number of storage containers with a capacity of 40,000 m 3 to 160,000 m 3 each. Other low-boiling liquids to be loaded, such as LPG products, are usually much smaller storage containers with storage capacities provided in the range of 5,000 m 3 to 60,000 m 3
Erfolgt am Export-Terminal ein Umfüllen des flussigen Erdgases aus dem Speicherbehalter S1 über Leitung 1 in dem eine oder mehrere Umfullpumpen P1 vorgesehen sind in die Transportspeicherbehalter S2 des LNG-Transportschiffes S so kommt es zu einem Verdampfen des umzufüllenden Mediums, da sowohl über die Umfulipum- pe(n) P1 die Leitung 1 - die sich u U über mehrere Kilometer erstrecken kann - als auch auf die Transportspeicherbehalter S2 Warme einfallt Das verdampfte, überschüssige Erdgas kann aus den Transportspeicherbehaltem S2 über die Leitungen 2 und 4 abgefackelt und/oder wieder dem Verflussigungsprozeß zugeführt werden Über Leitung 3 wird dem Speicherbehalter S1 Gas zur Druckhaitung zugeführtIf the liquid natural gas is transferred from the storage container S1 via line 1 at the export terminal, in which one or more transfer pumps P1 are provided, to the transport storage container S2 of the LNG transport ship S, this is what happens to evaporation of the medium to be filled, since both line 1 - which may extend over several kilometers - and heat is transferred to the transport storage tank S2 via the umfulipump (s) P1. The evaporated, excess natural gas can be extracted from the transport storage tank S2 flared via lines 2 and 4 and / or fed back to the liquefaction process. Via line 3, gas is supplied to the storage tank S1 for pressure maintenance
Erfindungsgemaß wird wahrend des Umfullens eine Druckdifferenz von 10 mbar bis 100 mbar vorzugsweise von 20 mbar bis 50 mbar eingestellt wobei in dem bzw den Transportspeicherbehaltem S2 ein höherer Druck als in dem Speicherbehalter S1 der LNG-Baseload-Anlage eingestellt wirdAccording to the invention, a pressure difference of 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably from 20 mbar to 50 mbar, is set during the refilling, a higher pressure being set in the transport storage container or containers S2 than in the storage container S1 of the LNG baseload system
Mittels dieser Verfahrensweise wird die Verdampfungsrate des umzupumpenden Mediums deutlich verringert, wodurch Verluste an verflüssigtem Erdgas und die eingangs erwähnten Probleme, die sich mit dem Abfackeln bzw der Rückführung des verdampften Erdgases in den Verflussigungsprozeß ergeben, vermieden werdenBy means of this procedure, the evaporation rate of the medium to be pumped is significantly reduced, as a result of which losses of liquefied natural gas and the problems mentioned at the outset, which arise with the flaring or recycling of the evaporated natural gas into the liquefaction process, are avoided
Beim Umfüllen des flussigen Erdgases aus den Transportspeicherbehaltem S2 des LNG-Transportschiffes S in den bzw in die Speicherbehalter S3 eines Flussigerdgas- Import-Terminals - wie es in der Figur 2 dargestellt ist - wird erfindungsgemaß in dem bzw in den Speicherbehaltern S3 des Flussigerdgas-Import-Terminals ein höherer Druck als in den Speicherbehaltern S2 des LNG-Transportschiffes S eingestellt Hierbei wird erfindungsgemaß eine Druckdifferenz von 10 mbar bis 100 mbar, vorzugsweise von 20 mbar bis 50 mbar eingestelltWhen decanting the liquid natural gas from the transport storage container S2 of the LNG transport ship S into or into the storage container S3 of a liquid natural gas import terminal - as shown in FIG. 2 - according to the invention, the liquid container is imported into or into the storage container S3 - Terminals set a higher pressure than in the storage containers S2 of the LNG transport ship S Here, according to the invention, a pressure difference of 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably 20 mbar to 50 mbar, is set
Das Umfüllen des flussigen Erdgases aus den Transportspeicherbehaltem S2 des LNG-Transportschiffes S in den bzw in die Speicherbehalter S3 eines Flussigerdgas- Import-Terminals erfolgt mit Hilfe der in den Speicherbehaltern S2 installierten Pumpen P2 über wenigstens eine Umfulleitung 5The transfer of the liquid natural gas from the transport storage tank S2 of the LNG transport ship S into or into the storage tank S3 of a liquid natural gas import terminal takes place with the aid of the pumps P2 installed in the storage tank S2 via at least one transfer line 5
Das aus dem oder den Speicherbehaltern S3 über Leitung 6 entweichende Gas wird aufgeteilt Ein Teilstrom wird über Leitung 7 zur Druckhaltung den Speicherbehaltern S2 des LNG-Transportschiffes S zugeführt Gegebenenfalls muß hierbei ein Ruckgasgeblase C installiert werden Das restliche, überschüssige Gas wird über Leitung 8 der weiteren Verwendung - z B als Brenngas - zugeführt Es sei betont, daß das erfindungsgemaße Verfahren zum Umfüllen niedπg siedender Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere einer Methan-reichen Fraktion wie beispielsweise Flussigerdgas (LNG), nicht nur bei der Umfullung eines verflüssigten Erdgasstromes - wie anhand der Figuren 1 und 2 erläutert -, sondern auch beim Umfüllen beliebiger niedrig siedender Medien Sinn macht bzw anwendbar ist Auch muß es sich nicht immer zwangsläufig um eine Schiffsbe- oder -entladung handeln, wie oben beschrieben The gas escaping from the one or more storage tanks S3 via line 6 is divided. A partial flow is fed via line 7 to the storage tanks S2 of the LNG transport ship S for pressure maintenance. If necessary, an exhaust gas blower C must be installed. The remaining, excess gas is passed via line 8 to the others Use - eg as fuel gas - supplied It should be emphasized that the method according to the invention for decanting low-boiling liquids, in particular a fraction rich in methane, such as, for example, liquefied natural gas (LNG), not only when decanting a liquefied natural gas stream - as explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 - but also during decanting any low-boiling media makes sense or is applicable. It also does not always have to be a ship loading or unloading, as described above

Claims

Patentansprücheclaims
Verfahren zum Umfüllen niedπg siedender Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere einer Methan-reichen Fraktion, wie beispielsweise Flussigerdgas (LNG), aus einem ersten Speicherbehalter in einen zweiten Speicherbehalter, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wahrend des Umfullens eine Druckdifferenz von 10 mbar bis 100 mbar, vorzugsweise von 20 mbar bis 50 mbar eingestellt wird, wobei in dem Speicherbehalter (S2, S3), dem die umzufüllende, niedπg siedende Flüssigkeit zugeführt wird, ein höherer Druck als in dem Speicherbehalter (S1 , S2), dem die niedrig siedende Flüssigkeit entnommen wird, eingestellt wird Process for decanting low-boiling liquids, in particular a methane-rich fraction, such as, for example, liquefied natural gas (LNG), from a first storage container into a second storage container, characterized in that a pressure difference of 10 mbar to 100 mbar, preferably of 20 mbar, during the decanting is set to 50 mbar, a higher pressure being set in the storage container (S2, S3) to which the low-boiling liquid to be refilled is supplied than in the storage container (S1, S2) from which the low-boiling liquid is removed
PCT/EP2000/003031 1999-04-13 2000-04-05 Method for transferring low-boiling liquids WO2000061989A1 (en)

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