DE2354726A1 - Liquefaction and conditioning of methane liquid nitrogen - for transport or storage in small amounts - Google Patents

Liquefaction and conditioning of methane liquid nitrogen - for transport or storage in small amounts

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Publication number
DE2354726A1
DE2354726A1 DE19732354726 DE2354726A DE2354726A1 DE 2354726 A1 DE2354726 A1 DE 2354726A1 DE 19732354726 DE19732354726 DE 19732354726 DE 2354726 A DE2354726 A DE 2354726A DE 2354726 A1 DE2354726 A1 DE 2354726A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
methane
conditioning
liquid nitrogen
nitrogen
conditioned
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE19732354726
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Klaus Dipl Ing Baumgaertner
Klaus Dipl Ing Bochmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Messer Griesheim GmbH
Original Assignee
Messer Griesheim GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messer Griesheim GmbH filed Critical Messer Griesheim GmbH
Priority to DE19732354726 priority Critical patent/DE2354726A1/en
Publication of DE2354726A1 publication Critical patent/DE2354726A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
    • F25J1/0224—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0254—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation controlling particular process parameter, e.g. pressure, temperature
    • F25J1/0255—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation controlling particular process parameter, e.g. pressure, temperature controlling the composition of the feed or liquefied gas, e.g. to achieve a particular heating value of natural gas
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
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    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
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    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
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    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
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    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/02—Mixing or blending of fluids to yield a certain product
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
    • F25J2220/62—Separating low boiling components, e.g. He, H2, N2, Air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
    • F25J2220/64—Separating heavy hydrocarbons, e.g. NGL, LPG, C4+ hydrocarbons or heavy condensates in general
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J2230/08—Cold compressor, i.e. suction of the gas at cryogenic temperature and generally without afterstage-cooler
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J2230/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being hydrocarbons or a mixture of hydrocarbons
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

Methane is conditioned by addn. of nitrogen and the mixt. condensed and stored as liquid, by heat echange with liquid nitrogen, the gas from which is used for conditioning, which may also be carried out with liquid nitrogen. Liquefaction of methane-rich gases e.g. natural gas, refinery gas, ethylene plant gas, where required in small amounts for transport or storage. The process and plant are simple and economic where liquid nitrogen is available at low cost, and quantities do not justify a large liquefaction plant.

Description

MESSER GRIESHEIM'GMBH MG 853MESSER GRIESHEIM'GMBH MG 853

6OOO -.Frankfurt/Main6OOO - Frankfurt / Main

Kennwort: Konditionierung
Erfinder: K. Baumgärtner.
K. BochmannPassword: conditioning
Inventor: K. Baumgärtner.
K. Bochmann

Verfahren zur Verflüssigung und KonditionierungProcess for liquefaction and conditioning

von Methanof methane

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verflüssigung und Konditionierung von Methan, insbesondere von Erdgas und methanreichem Gas aus Raffinerien* The invention relates to a method for liquefying and conditioning methane, in particular natural gas and methane-rich gas from refineries *

Unter "Konditionierung" ist die Zuraisahung von Fremdgasen zu einem Gas gegebener Zusammensetzung zu verstehen, um ein Gas mit bestimmten Eigenschaften zu erhalten. Bei der Erfindung handelt es sich um die Konditionierung von Erdgas mit Stickstoff, um einen bestimmten Heizwert bzw. Wobbezahl zu erhalten. So wird z.B.. russisches Erdgas mit Stickstoff vermischt, um es für Gasverbrauchsgeräte eines Erdgas-Versorgungsnetzes verwendbar zu machen. Sinngemäß trifft dies auch auf Gase aus Raffinerien, ftthylenanlagen und anderen Chemieanlagen zu, wenn diese Gase einen genügend hohen Methangehalt haben. Nach dem Stand der Technik wird die Konditionierung durchgeführt, indem dem Erdgas in einem Injektor gasförmiger Stickstoff oder auch .Kohlendioxid zugemischt wird. Das konditionierte Erdgas' gelangt dann direkt zum Verbraucher oder wird, in Gasspeichern zvjischengelagert.Under "conditioning" the addition of foreign gases is closed to understand a gas of a given composition in order to obtain a gas with certain properties. In the invention it concerns the conditioning of natural gas with nitrogen in order to obtain a certain calorific value or Wobbe number. For example, Russian natural gas is mixed with nitrogen in order to use it for gas consumption devices in a natural gas supply network to make usable. This also applies analogously to gases Refineries, ethylene plants and other chemical plants, if these gases have a sufficiently high methane content. To In the prior art, the conditioning is carried out by adding gaseous nitrogen to the natural gas in an injector or carbon dioxide is added. The conditioned natural gas then goes directly to the consumer or is stored in gas storage facilities zvjischenbearing.

Oft besteht' der Wunsch, kleinere Gasmengen für den Transport oder die Lagerung zu verflüssigen. Eine derartige VerflüssigungThere is often a desire to liquefy smaller quantities of gas for transport or storage. Such a liquefaction

•A 509819/0173 • A 509819/0173

mit kleinen Verflüssigungsanlagen vorzunehmen, ist nicht wirtschaftlich. to do with small liquefaction plants is not economical.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, welches es ermöglicht, mit geringem und. unkompli- ■ ziertem apparativen Aufwand und mit sehr kurzen Anlaufzeiten auch kleinere Erdgasmengen auf wirtschaftliche Weise zu verflüssigen und gleichzeitig zu konditionieren.The invention is based on the object of a method create, which makes it possible with little and. uncomplicated ■ With very short start-up times, even smaller quantities of natural gas can be liquefied economically and conditioning at the same time.

Es wurde nun ein Verfahren zur Verflüssigung und Konditionierung von Methan gefunden, bei dem gemäß der Erfindung flüssiger Stickstoff verwendet wird, der im Wärmeaustausch mit bereits konditioniertem Methan, welches kondensiert und gespeichert wird, verdampft und bei dem mit einem Teil des verwendeten Stickstoffs das Methan vor der Kondensation konditioniert wird.A method for liquefying and conditioning methane has now been found in which, according to the invention, it is more liquid Nitrogen is used, which is already exchanging heat with conditioned methane, which is condensed and stored is evaporated and in which the methane is conditioned with part of the nitrogen used before condensation.

Die Konditionierung des Methans kann mit flüssigem Stickstoff erfolgen, indem der flüssige Stickstoff in das Methan eingesprüht wird. Bei dieser Verfahrensweise erhält das so konditioniert e Methan bereits vor dem Eintritt in den Wärmeaustauscher, in welchem es gegen flüssigen Stickstoff kondensiert, eine niedrige Temperatur.The methane can be conditioned with liquid nitrogen by spraying the liquid nitrogen into the methane will. With this procedure, it gets conditioned e methane even before it enters the heat exchanger, in which it condenses against liquid nitrogen, a low temperature.

Bei einer abgewandelten Verfahrensweise wird dagegen verdampfter Stickstoff aus'dem Wärmeaustauscher in einem Injektor dem Methan zu dessen Konditionierung zugemi'scht, bevor das Methan in den Wärmeaustauscher'eintritt.In a modified procedure, however, evaporated nitrogen from the heat exchanger is used in an injector Methane is added for its conditioning before the methane enters the heat exchanger.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die Konzentration des konditionierten flüssigen Methans im Speicher konstant gehalten, indem der Flüssigkeit im Speicher flüssiger Stickstoff in einer solchen Menge zugemischt wird, daß die Verdampfungsverluste infolge Wärmeeinfalls in den Speicher ausgeglichen werden.In an advantageous development of the method according to the invention the concentration of the conditioned liquid methane in the storage tank is kept constant by adding the liquid liquid nitrogen is mixed in the storage tank in such an amount that the evaporation losses as a result of the incidence of heat be balanced into memory.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, daß das im Speicher durch Wärmeeinfall verdampfte Methan-Stickstoffgemisch dem zu verflüssigenden Methan vor dessen Konditionierung zugemischt wird.Another advantageous embodiment of the invention The method consists in that the methane-nitrogen mixture evaporated in the storage unit by the incidence of heat is added to the mixture to be liquefied Methane is added before conditioning.

- 3 5098 19/0 173- 3 5098 19/0 173

Vorausseeung für di'e Wirtschaftlichkeit des erfindungsgemäßen . Verfahrens ist, daß flüssiger Stickstoff preiswert zur Verfügung steht. Dies ist gewöhnlich in industriellen ' Ballungsgebieten der Fall, wo viel Sauerstoff verbraucht wird, der in Luft.zerl egung sanlag en gewonnen wird. Bei der Luftzerlegung kann leicht die erforderliche Menge an flüssigem Stickstoff als Nebenprodukt gewonnen werden. Andererseits besteht gerade in industriellen Ballungsgebieten vielfach der ,Wunsch, kleinere Mengen von konditioniert ein-Erdgas für Transport und Speicherung zu verflüssigen. Anticipation for the economic viability of the invention. Process is that liquid nitrogen is available inexpensively stands. This is usually the case in metropolitan areas where a lot of oxygen is consumed, which is in Air separation systems are obtained. In air separation the required amount of liquid nitrogen can easily be obtained as a by-product. On the other hand, just exists In industrial conurbations there is often a desire to liquefy smaller quantities of conditioned natural gas for transport and storage.

Die Zeichnung veranschaulicht ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbei- . spiel der Erfindung. . - ■-. ■ .The drawing illustrates a preferred embodiment. game of invention. . - ■ -. ■.

Es ist das Schema einer Verflüssigungs- rind Konditionierungs- anlage dargestellt, die im wesentlichen besteht aus dem Injek-" tor 1, den hintereinandergeschalteten Wärmeaustauschern 2a, 2b, dem Gasabscheider 3, dem Speicher 4»dsm kompressor 5, dem Kamin 6 und dem Abscheider 7. Die Strömungsrichtungen sind durch Pfeile gekennzeichnet. . ; ;'It is the scheme of a liquefaction beef conditioning plant shown, which consists essentially of the Injek- " gate 1, the series-connected heat exchangers 2a, 2b, the gas separator 3, the storage 4 »dsm compressor 5, the chimney 6 and the separator 7. The flow directions are indicated by arrows. . ; ; '

Das zu kondentionierende Methan strömt durch Leitung 8 und . Ventil 9 in den Injektor 1. Hier wird ihm gasförmiger Stickstoff, der durch Leitung 10 und Ventil 11 in den Injektor 1 gelangt, in der erforderlichen Menge zugemischt. Ebenfalls kann ein Methan-Stickstoff-Gemisch zugegeben werden, welches durch Leitung 12 in die Leitung 10: strömt. Auf die Herkunft dieses Gemisches wird weiter unten eingegangen. Zusätzlich kann vor den Wärmeaustauschern 2a und 2b dem Methan über Leitung 43 und Ventil 44 flüssiger Stickstoff zugeführt werden.The methane to be condensed flows through line 8 and. Valve 9 into injector 1. Here, gaseous nitrogen is fed into injector 1 through line 10 and valve 11 reaches, mixed in the required amount. Likewise a methane-nitrogen mixture can be added, which through line 12 into line 10: flows. On the origin this mixture is discussed further below. Additionally liquid nitrogen can be fed to the methane via line 43 and valve 44 upstream of the heat exchangers 2a and 2b.

Das konditionierte Methan strömt dann durch Leitung 13 in die hintereinandergeschalteten Wärmeaustauscher:2a und 2b. Zwischen die beiden Wärmeaustauscher 2a und 2b ist der Abscheider 1 geschaltet. Im Abscheider 7 werden aus dem konditionierteh Methan die höhersiedenden Kohlenwasserstoffe abgetrennt, die durch Leitung 14 und Ventil 15 vom Abscheider abgezogen werden.The conditioned methane then flows through line 13 into the series-connected heat exchangers: 2a and 2b. The separator 1 is connected between the two heat exchangers 2a and 2b. In the separator 7, the higher-boiling hydrocarbons are separated from the conditioned methane and are drawn off from the separator through line 14 and valve 15.

■■'■ " - -. ■.■■-'."■ ■--"■■ ■■'■■: ■■- . ■ /■■ - 4 - /■■ '■ "- -. ■. ■■ -'." ■ ■ - "■■ ■■ '■■: ■■ -. ■ / ■■ - 4 - /

50981 9/0 1.7 3; 50981 9/0 1.7 3 ;

In den hintereinander geschalteten V/ärmeaustauschern 2a und 2b wird das konditionierte Methan abgekühlt und schließlich verflüssigt. Die hierfür "benötigte Kälte liefert erfindungsgemäß flüssiger Stickstoff, der durch Leitung 16 und Ventil 17 in die Wärmeaustauscher 2a und 2b gelangt. Hier verdampft und erwärmt sich der flüssige bzw. gasförmige Stickstoff und verläßt die Wärmeaustauscher 2a und 2b durch Leitung 18. Zwischen den Wärmeaustauschern 2a und 2b ist ein Drosselventil 42 vorgesehen, um den evtl. unter Druck zugeführten flüssigen Stickstoff in den Wärmeaustauscher 2a expandieren zu lassen. Dadurch kann zusätzliche Kälteleistung gewonnen v/erden. Ein Teil des gasförmigen Stickstoffes in Leitung 18 strömt weiter durch Leitung 10 und wird, wie beschrieben, zur Konditionierung des Methans verwendet. Der Rest strömt durch Leitung 19 und Ventil 20 in den Kamin 6. Er kann jedoch auch anderweitig verwendet werden, z.B. zur Konditionierung von Methan, welches nicht verflüssigt werden soll, für diesen Pail ist die Leitung 21 und das Ventil 22 vorgesehen.In the V / heat exchangers 2a and 2b connected in series, the conditioned methane is cooled and finally liquefied. The cold required for this is provided according to the invention liquid nitrogen, which passes through line 16 and valve 17 in the heat exchangers 2a and 2b. Vaporizes here and the liquid or gaseous nitrogen is heated and leaves the heat exchangers 2a and 2b through line 18. Between the heat exchangers 2a and 2b is provided with a throttle valve 42 to control the liquid that may be supplied under pressure Allow nitrogen to expand in the heat exchanger 2a. This allows additional cooling capacity to be gained. A Part of the gaseous nitrogen in line 18 flows on through line 10 and, as described, is used for conditioning of methane used. The remainder flows through line 19 and valve 20 into the chimney 6. However, it can also be used in other ways can be used, e.g. for conditioning methane, which should not be liquefied, for this pail is the Line 21 and the valve 22 are provided.

Das verflüssigte konditionierte Methan strömt aus dem Wärmeaustauscher 2b durch die Leitung 23 und Ventil 24 in den Gasabscheider 3 und von dort weiter durch Ventil 25 und Leitung 26 in den Speicher 4. Im Gasabscheider 3 und im Tank 4 werden die Gleichgewichtskonzentrationen zwischen Methan und Stickstoff in der Gas- und in der Flüssigphase durch eine entsprechende Druck- und Temperatureinstellung eingehalten.The liquefied conditioned methane flows out of the heat exchanger 2b through line 23 and valve 24 into gas separator 3 and from there further through valve 25 and line 26 in the memory 4. In the gas separator 3 and in the tank 4 are the equilibrium concentrations between methane and nitrogen in the gas and in the liquid phase by a corresponding Pressure and temperature setting adhered to.

Das im Gasabscheider 3 anfallende gasförmige Gemisch aus Stickstoff und Methan gelangt durch Leitung 27 in den Kompressor 5, in welchem es auf den Eingangsdruck rückverdichtet wird. Es strömt dann wahlweise entweder durch Leitung 28, Ventil 29, Leitung 30 und Leitung 12 oder durch Leitung 28, Ventil 31, Leitung 32, Wärmeaustauscher 2a und Leitung 12 in den Injektor 1. Im letzten Fall unterstützt das zurückgeführte kalte Gasgemisch die Abkühlung des konditionieren Methans im Wärmeaustauscher 2a.The gaseous mixture of nitrogen occurring in the gas separator 3 and methane passes through line 27 into the compressor 5, in which it is recompressed to the inlet pressure. It then flows either through line 28, valve 29, line 30 and line 12 or through line 28, valve 31, Line 32, heat exchanger 2a and line 12 in the injector 1. In the latter case, the returned cold gas mixture supports the cooling of the conditioned methane in the heat exchanger 2a.

— 5 —- 5 -

509819/0173509819/0173

Das im Speicher 4 vorhandene flüssige konditionierte Methan wird bei Bedarf durch Ventil 33 und leitung 34 abgezogen und .im Verdampfer 35 verdampft. Dann wird es in die Ferngasleitung gegeben. -The liquid conditioned methane present in the memory 4 is withdrawn if necessary through valve 33 and line 34 and . evaporated in the evaporator 35. Then it gets into the gas pipeline given. -

Durch Wärmeeinfall verdampft ständig ein Teil der im Speicher 4 befindlichen Flüssigkeit. Auf längere Sicht ändert sich dadurch die Konzentration der Flüssigkeit. Um dies zu vermeiden, wird das verdampfte Methan-Stickstoff-G-'emisch rückverflüssigt. Es wird deshalb durch Leitung 36 und Ventil 37 aus dein. Speicher 4- abgezogen,- im Koiüpresjor 38 auf den Eingangsdruck rückverdichtet und durch die Leitungen 39 und 12 in den Injektor 1 geleitet. Eine weitere Möglichkeit zum Konstanthalten der Konzentration der Speicherflüssigkeit besteht darin, daß direkt flüssiger Stickstoff in den Speicher geleitet wird. Da der Stickstoff stärker verdampft als das Methan, können auf diese Weise die StickstoffVerluste ausgeglichen werden. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Leitung 40 und das Ventil 41 vorgesehen, durch welche flüssiger Stickstoff in den Speicher 4 geleitet werden kann.Due to the incidence of heat, part of the in the storage tank is constantly evaporating 4 located liquid. Changes in the longer term This increases the concentration of the liquid. To avoid this, the vaporized methane-nitrogen mixture is used reliquefied. It is therefore through line 36 and valve 37 from your. Storage 4- withdrawn, - in the Koiüpresjor 38 recompressed to the inlet pressure and through the lines 39 and 12 passed into the injector 1. Another possibility to keep the concentration of the storage liquid constant consists in that liquid nitrogen is fed directly into the memory. Because the nitrogen more vaporized than the methane, can this way the nitrogen losses are compensated. To this Purpose is the line 40 and the valve 41 provided, through which liquid nitrogen is passed into the memory 4 can be.

6AD ORIGINAL6AD ORIGINAL

509819/0173509819/0173

Claims (1)

-ς.-ς. AnsprücheExpectations Verfahren zur Verflüssigung und Konditionierung von Methan, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß flüssiger Stickstoff verwendet wird, der im Wärmeaustausch mit bereits konkonditioniertem Methan, welches kondensiert und gespeichert wird, verdampft und daß mit einem Teil des verwendeten Stickstoffes das Methan vor der Kondensation konditioniert wird.Methane liquefaction and conditioning processes, characterized in that liquid nitrogen is used, which is in heat exchange with already conditioned Methane, which is condensed and stored, evaporates and that with part of the used The methane is conditioned prior to condensation. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Konditionierung des Methans mit flüssigem Stickstoff erfolgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the conditioning of the methane takes place with liquid nitrogen. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch, gekennzeichnet, daß die Konditionierung des Methans durch Stickstoff erfolgt, der infolge des Wärmeaustausches mit dem "bereits konditionierten Methan verdampft ist.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the conditioning of the methane takes place by nitrogen, which as a result of the heat exchange with the "already conditioned methane has evaporated. 4« Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Konzentration des konditionierten kondensierten Methans im Speicher durch Zumischung von flüssigem Stickstoff konstant gehalten wird.4 «Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the concentration of the conditioned condensed methane in the store by adding liquid nitrogen is kept constant. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4» dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das im Speicher durch Wärmeeinfall verdampfte Methan-Stickstoff-Gemisch dem zu verflüssigenden Methan vor dessen Konditionierung zugemischt wird.5. The method according to claim 4 »characterized in that the methane-nitrogen mixture evaporated in the memory by the incidence of heat is added to the methane to be liquefied before it is conditioned. 31.10.1973
Ba/Pu10/31/1973
Ba / Pu S09819/01 73S09819 / 01 73
DE19732354726 1973-11-02 1973-11-02 Liquefaction and conditioning of methane liquid nitrogen - for transport or storage in small amounts Pending DE2354726A1 (en)

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