DE19902046A1 - Protection of timber against moisture and fungal attack comprises separation from mineral building elements using non-bituminous system or inclusion of fungicidal filler system in these elements - Google Patents

Abstract

Timber which is in contact with mineral building elements is protected against moisture and/or fungal attack by isolating it from the building elements using a non-bituminous system optionally containing a fungicide or incorporating a filler system containing a fungicide in the building elements.

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for prevention and control of timber fungi, in particular the real house sponge (Serpula lacrimans), on timber zer. Lumber mushrooms, such as the real house sponge (Serpula lacrimans), the brown cellar Straighten the sponge (Coniophora cerebella) and the white pore sponge (Poria vaporaria) often considerable damage in new and old buildings. Especially the real dry rot can be after renovations, if it was not completely combated in the masonry or new ones Germinate spores, overgrow from the masonry on newly installed wood and cause severe damage to the building structure.

Methods for structural termite protection are disclosed in EP 0 738 108 B1 and US 5,802,779 given. These methods are not suitable against fungal attack.

In leaflet 1-2-90 of the scientific-technical working group for monument conservation and Bauwerksanierung eV. "The real sponge detection, living conditions over preventive and countermeasures, bill of quantities ", published in Building Protection and building renovation 13, page 35-52, 1990, it is stated: "... There is also the risk that due to the hot air treatment in different areas of the building (e.g. masonry at the bar heads) moisture and temperature conditions occur due to condensation, which are particularly conducive to sprout germination and mycelium growth. . .. For this purpose, wall and ceiling plaster in the infested area must be removed. . . remaining, not infested wood and all new wood and wood-based materials to be installed are at risk accordingly with a. . preventive protection of approved wood preservatives. . .. In the area of the former infestation sites, the masonry is also covered with a sponge pesticides. . . to treat, . . Masonry streaked with mycelium is fundamental with a protective agent to combat sponge in masonry. . .to treat. Borehole impregnation is an option. . . or a pressing by Druc injection. . . on."

Furthermore, the application of pesticides is a special subject according to DIN 68800 reserved for companies that have the necessary equipment and training, e.g. B. to  Certified pest control. But since with z. B. House sponge-infected Mau swell and ceiling beams immediately after removing the destroyed old wooden parts pests must be installed immediately from new carpentry wooden parts Combat specialists work hand in hand with the carpentry, d. H. the carpenter successively cuts out the old infested woods, the pest control company then brings to the surface of the wall crown, consisting of mineral components (e.g. brick or quarry stone masonry), the impregnation against house sponge infestation and then the carpentry builds in the new wood. This must be done in stages wise bar field for bar field. Impregnation by pest control It is not possible to find a company before the carpentry starts working, as the waste wood is a big one Cover the surface of the wall crown inaccessible. The same results after installing the New woods that cover almost the same areas as the old woods on the wall crown. Often there is also a roof or bitumen or between the wall crown and wooden part Tar cardboard inserted that makes other areas inaccessible or of fungicides or Wood preservatives is dissolved and disadvantageously cause black spots on components gently.

The pest control company therefore only has the very short period of section wise expansion of the old wood until installation of the new wood is available. The working hours However, by specialist personnel is relatively expensive, so that keeping a pest control becomes very costly for the client during the carpentry work.

In addition, there are still no effective preventive protective devices to this day against fungus on built-in timber, in particular wall sleepers in the roof base area of roofs, when moisture enters the roof.

The object of the invention was therefore to propose a method and a device, which allow the impregnation of the masonry after changing the wood, so after installing the new timbers, so that the "support surfaces" of the masonry can be impregnated retrospectively or at any time. Wei ter it was an object of the invention to provide a method and a device, the one Impregnation equivalent to fungus-infested or threatened masonry according to DIN 68800 replaced and is also preventive.

The object of the invention was achieved according to the characterizing part of claim 1 become.

This is followed by a method for protecting woods against fungal attack from mineral Components presented, characterized in that between the mineral components  a layer or insert that is covered with a fungicide treated or with a fungicide.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mushroom is cut out infested waste wood by carpentry from this a deposit z. B. on the wall crown applied, the insert z. B. consists of plastic and on a slightly larger Di dimension (width) of the new wood to be installed. The surface of the plate or mat has elevations and depressions, preferably pimpled or button-like forms, and there are also perforations in the depressions, in the simplest Case punched holes. In continuation of the invention, the side edges of the Layer or insert be flanged up or bent up like a tub. Prefabricated inlet gene are preferred. It is also advantageous in certain cases if the material cuts or is sawable. It can then be installed on site to the respective dimensions of the new one Woods are matched or prepared.

The plate or insert should also be as resilient as possible, since the z. T. very much heavy, new construction timber to be installed by the carpentry.

After the renovation, the following structure results: masonry, with the slab resting on it or insert, the new construction timber to be installed on it. That kind of Rei henence now has the advantage that moisture from the masonry is not directly on the Wood arrives and the wood through the knob-like or button-like surface structure of the Layer or insert is ventilated from below. There is less wood moisture and good ventilation crucial to avoid fungal growth. By the invention this is now ge ensures. This also results in a decisive preventive protective effect for the Wood.

As soon as all deposits or layers have been applied or inserted and the new con carpentry, the carpentry can move away and it is now possible to Masonry in retrospect after installing the wood z. B. by a pest to impregnate the brewing company. Here, we become a liquid, preferably aqueous fungicidal kende solution applied to the surface of the layer or insert, by z. B. Pour or flooding by means of a filling tube of the fungicidal solution into the space between Elevation and construction timber. The liquid control agent collects in the tub-like insert and drips down over the perforations onto the underlying one de masonry and soaked or impregnated this. After the run or expiration liquid protective agent can be applied to the insert again depending on the required Intensity of impregnation or depending on the amount of protective agent required  the masonry. The protective agent also runs after the flow through surface forces through the openings along the underside of the layer or insert, so it spreads out the bottom of the insert and thus reaches all areas of the masonry. Even after opening hitting the protective agent on the masonry spreads through diffusion processes in the masonry and on the one hand combats fungal attack, d. H. Mycelia and spores, in masonry and the impregnation of the masonry creates a kind of protective layer on the masonry top of the wall against ingrowth of mycelia from the masonry. Filling the Tub can also be repeated after years, e.g. B. as part of post-treatment or aftercare.

It may be advantageous to reduce the perforations towards the edges of the insert or to the upward curvatures of the tub, or not to provide any perforations near the edges or, in certain cases, to have more perforations. This has e.g. B. in the former case the advantage that the fungicide later penetrates the filling or wetting before geous enough in the middle of the wall crown and is avoided that the fungi cid disadvantageously runs on the side walls of the wall crown or in the fillet or ceiling ( 8 ), see Fig. 1, drips unintentionally. It is also possible to make the diameters or dimensions of the perforations smaller or larger towards the edges of the insert or towards the flanges of the tub.

It is also possible to use oily formulations, pasty formulations or solid formulations to apply to the insert. Granules or powdered protective agents can also be used to be brought. In the latter, there is no immediate impregnation of the masonry reached, but when z. B. rainwater over a leaky roof membrane, dissolves if a water-soluble or water-emulsifiable fungicide is used, this in Re backwater that collects in the tub and runs over the perforations and that underlying masonry soaked. At the same time, the newly installed wood is also on impregnated in the most vulnerable area, i.e. in the support area near the insert and protected.

Sometimes the old wood infected with fungi is removed and renovated affected masonry partially removed to a new wall or a ring ker to attach. After this measure, however, there is often still old fungus masonry under the new brickwork or the ring anchor. In a further embodiment of the In such cases, a filling system is walled into the new bricking or concreted into the ring anchor. This filling system preferably consists of vertically arranged tubes or tubes that can be reached in the case of installing a ring anchor  the stability are connected to each other via webs. You will be on the worn wall crown and then the formwork for the ring anchor or the rows is attached sequence is reversed. The webs move the tubes towards each other The concrete was prevented from pouring into the formwork. The tubes are filled after being filled and drying the concrete if necessary shortened provided that they are over the edge of the filled Stick out concrete. This is important so that later when filling the tub with fungicide or fungicide formulation that can penetrate or run into the tubes. The perforated tub is then placed on top and the new sleeper wood inserted builds and filled the fungicide or the fungicide formulation into the tub. The protection medium then runs over the perforations into the tubes and down through the tubes the old masonry, which is now soaked. Because when concreting the lower tube opening can be blocked by concrete, the diffusion of the fungicidal protective agent be delayed to the old masonry. In continuation of the invention, therefore lower end of the tubes with a material such. B. water-soluble liquid film, e.g. B. Po lyvinyl alcohol. This prevents the tube from clogging or filling with concrete. The material dissolves z. B. only when entering and contacting the Protective agent on or is dissolved, so that the protective agent on the old wall unhindered factory arrives. A material is preferably used which is stable in an alkaline environment and dissolves in acid. This has the advantage that, for. B. boric acid as a fungicide, dissolved in Water, possibly with additives, can be used as a protective agent. The pH the boric acid is sufficient to release the material seal.

In the other case with new bricking of the wall crown "stone for stone" z. B. not bound tubes can be walled in. Furthermore, it is also possible to install the To dispense with the tub and to concrete a pipe system into the concrete of the ring anchor, that consists of rows of tubes and the individual rows of tubes with each other via z. B. Ste connected and the tube lengths towards the inside of the building become longer and that common outlet pipe ascending to the inside of the building above the concrete Formwork protrudes out of the concrete and over the opening with fungicidal protection can be filled from the attic. The tub can then also be dispensed with len.

The situations described above are in the figures listed below evident.  

Here, 1 is a cross section through a Dachfußbereich a church in Fig.. You can see the masonry structure ( 1 ) of the wall crown, which is interspersed with sponge mycelia of the real house sponge ( 2 ). The masonry cornice ( 7 ) connects to the outside and on the inside of the building z. B. an arch frame ( 8 ). The trough-shaped insert ( 3 ) with the knob-like or button-like elevations ( 12 ) and the perforations ( 4 ) lies on the top of the wall crown. On the elevations ( 12 ) is the newly installed swell ( 5 ). With the help of a flood device (protective agent supply line 11 , closing and opening device ( 10 ) and flood pipe 9 ), z. B. pour liquid fungicidal protective agent ( 6 ) into the tub-like insert ( 3 ). The liquid protective agent forms a liquid level depending on the pouring speed, which advantageously soaks and impregnates the newly installed wood ( 5 ) in the lower region and runs down through the openings or perforations ( 4 ) and is distributed in the masonry ( 1 ) and seeped here. The protective agent penetrates through the diffusion processes or its creeping properties to the sponge mycelia ( 2 ) and fights them. In addition, it forms a kind of protective layer in the cornice ( 7 ) and in the area of the wall crown ( 1 ), which prevents the lower-lying sponge mycelium from growing back onto the wood ( 5 ). The insert ( 3 ) itself, as a barrier layer, prevents the mycelial mesh from spreading over the wood ( 5 ). The insert itself can advantageously already contain an incorporated fungicide.

In Fig. 3 is a plan view displayed on the liner and directly below the cross-section through the insert. On the insert ( 1 ) are z. B. arranged in series knobs or preferably cylindrical ridges ( 2 ) with holes or Perforierun gene ( 3 ). An irregular arrangement of elevations and depressions is also possible.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is also possible to use a felt or fleece-like, absorbent and cutable material as an insert, which is placed on the fungus-infested masonry or fungus-prone masonry. This is shown in Fig. 2. On z. B. the felt is then placed on the newly installed wood. Due to the pressing effect or the prefabricated appearance of the insert, it is fanned out in tufts at the ends and can be soaked with a fungicide afterwards, since the tuft-like fanning-out shows a high willingness to absorb the fungicide. Due to capillary processes, the entire insert is soaked with the protective agent. When the fungicide is applied accordingly, the masonry surface is impregnated. It is possible to use a flexible and / or cuttable and / or biodegradable and / or chemical resistant insert. In a further embodiment of the inven tion, the insert can be impregnated with a fungicide, acted upon or offset from the outset. You then only need to be moistened with a solvent or with water, which then loosen the fungicide or the fungicide with auxiliary substances (e.g. emulsifiers, creep enhancers etc.) and transport them into the masonry underneath. The insert can also be applied as a pure preventive protective layer, ie if it is pre-impregnated with a fungicide, the insert forms a protective layer against the overgrowth or spreading of mycelia onto the newly installed wood. Moisture from the masonry or the wood itself or penetrating water or moisture. B. by rain or snow, loosen the fungicide and transport it into the underlying masonry as well as into the wood. The insert can also be placed like a shell around ceiling joist heads or other construction timber, especially if they protrude completely or partially into masonry, such as. B. Ceiling beams in the support area in the masonry. Instead of felt or fleece, mats made of paper, mineral wool, cellulose, cardboard or similar materials are also suitable. Suitable as fungicides are all commercially available fungicides, in particular soluble fungicides, particularly preferably boron compounds or quaternary ammonium compounds or conazoles.

An example of a felt insert is shown in FIG . The felt insert ( 5 ) is fanned out in tufts ( 4 ) at the outer edges and lies on a wall crown ( 2 ) which is penetrated by mushroom mycelia ( 3 ). The newly built construction wood ( 1 ) lies on the felt mat ( 5 ). The felt ( 5 ) is soaked or moistened or soaked with the liquid fungicide solution ( 6 ). B. a flood pipe ( 7 ) with the tap ( 8 ) and the protective agent supply line ( 9 ) is suitable. The protective agent ( 6 ) with the fungicide soaks the felt ( 5 ) and thus diffuses or creeps over the entire surface of the masonry ( 2 ) and forms a protective layer against the fungal mycelium ( 3 ) and spores in the masonry ( 2 ). The system is also suitable - regardless of the layer or insert material - for protecting beam heads that e.g. B. are embedded in the masonry, especially if the layer is wrapped like len or cuff-like around the ceiling beam head or mounted.

In FIG. 4, the tube system is briefly described. The vertically arranged hollow tubes ( 1 ) have a small plug ( 2 ) in the lower end, which, for. B. consists of an acid sensitive material. The tubes are connected to one another via webs ( 3 ).

In Fig. 5 the tub with tube system is described. A wall crown with original masonry ( 2 ), to which the church ceiling ( 15 ) adjoins, still has sponge mycelium ( 4 ) after the stones have been partially removed. On the old wall crown ( 2 ) the tube system from Fig. 4 is placed, which can be several meters long. The ring anchor ( 3 ) is concreted on the back-anchored cornice ( 8 ) with the help of the formwork (not shown in more detail), the tube system ( 6 ) with the webs ( 7 ) being concreted in. The plugs ( 14 ) prevent concrete from penetrating into the tubes ( 6 ). The open ends of the tubes ( 6 ) looking out from the concrete surface after the concrete drying are flush with the concrete surface, e.g. B. knocked off and placed the tub ( 5 ). The perforations ( 9 ) of the tub ( 5 ) do not have to lie directly over the openings of the tubes or the tube system ( 6 ), but it can be advantageous for a quick filling. The new swellwood ( 1 ) is then installed. Via the feed line ( 13 ), the pesticide ( 10 ) is then filled into the tub ( 5 ) by a pest killer with the filling device ( 12 ) and the filling pipe ( 11 ), if appropriate at a later point in time. The protective agent ( 10 ), e.g. B. boric acid or polyborate or borax or orthoborate or mixtures of these runs over the perforations ( 9 ) in the tub ( 5 ) on the surface of the Rin gankers ( 3 ) and from there into the tube system ( 6 ), loosens the plugs ( 14 ) and penetrates into the old masonry ( 2 ) and kills the fungal mycelium ( 4 ) or prevents its further growth.

In Fig. 6 the method for impregnating masonry without a tub is shown. After removal of the masonry, which has been severely destroyed by fungal infestation, the ring anchor ( 3 ) is concreted onto the remaining house sponge ( 4 ) -pulled masonry ( 2 ) with the control panels ( 7 ') and ( 7 ") after the pipe system ( 5 ) ascending filling pipe ( 10 ) on the masonry ( 2 ) The opening ( 6 ) of the pipe system ( 5 ) lies outside the concrete of the ring anchor ( 3 ), rises above the formwork panel ( 7 ') and points in the direction Ceiling ( 9 ) of the church or the interior of the building The funnel ( 11 ), for example, is now placed on the opening ( 6 ) and the fungicidal protective agent is poured in. It runs through gravity through the filling pipe ( 10 ), from there into the tubes ( 8 ', 8 ", 8 ''', 8 ""and 8 ''''') and from there onto the masonry ( 2 ) and soak it against the fungal attack. The acid sensitive graft material is not shown. The tubes ( 8 ', 8 ", 8 ''', 8 ""and 8 ''''') can have different inner diameters, for example ( 8 ", 8 ''' and 8 "") can have one have larger inner diameter than ( 8 'and 8 '''''), which advantageously leads to a larger fungicide flow in ( 8 ", 8 '''and 8 ""), whereby the masonry interior of the masonry ( 2 ) is more saturated The formwork panels ( 7 'and 7 ") can be removed before filling. The filling system enables refilling at any time, also for preventive protection. This means that the system can also be installed preventively in new buildings if there is no fungal infection.

In Fig. 7 the rake-like tube system is shown in more detail. The vertically arranged tubes ( 1 ) with the plug ( 2 ) are connected to the webs ( 3 ) for reinforcement and the ascending filling tubes ( 4 ) to the webs ( 5 ). The filling tubes ( 4 ) have the openings ( 6 ) through which the fungicide can be added at any time. It is also possible to fill several tube systems only through one opening if they are connected to each other by filling tubes.

All embodiments of the invention are also suitable for the preventive protection of construct tion woods against fungal attack in new buildings.

Claims (21)

1. A method for protecting timbers that are found in or on mineral components or that are installed in or on mineral components against moisture and / or fungal attack, characterized in that a protection against moisture between the mineral component and the timbers is not bituminous layer or insert is introduced and a layer or insert is introduced between the mineral component and the timbers to protect against fungi, which is additionally treated or acted upon with a fungicide or a filling system is introduced into the mineral component which additionally contains a fungicide is treated or acted upon. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that the fungicide is a liquid or pasty or suspended or solid, especially powder shaped or granular formulation. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that the layer or insert is a plastic material or a foil, mat, a felt, a wool, a grid, a net or a plate. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized, that the layer or insert is preferably made of plastic, preferably rectangular, be prefers elevations and depressions, especially a knob-like or button-like surface che, and, in particular, the recessed areas are perforated and preferably the  Layer or insert is bent or flanged up at the edges, causing a tub-like profile or a tub results. 5. The method according to claim 3 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the mat made of paper, mineral wool, fleece, cellulose, cardboard or from a sponge-like material, such as foam, or cellulose-containing material consists. 6. The method according to claim 4 or 3, characterized, that the layer or insert between a masonry support and the one to be protected Lumber, preferably before it is installed, is exposed to a fungicide and thus forms a protective layer against fungal attack on the timber and / or the timber itself soaks or impregnates and / or soaks or impregnates the masonry support. 7. The method according to claim 4 or 6, characterized, that the impregnation of the masonry by means of the fungicide or the fungicidal solution of the perforations in the layer or insert. 8. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the layer or insert is flexible and / or cuttable and / or biodegradable and / or is chemical resistant.   9. The method according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the layer or insert with a fungicide pretreated or impregnated or mixed and when a solvent is added, preferably water, more preferably when Rain or melt water or moisture from wood or masonry, the fungicide dissolved or is loosened and the lumber and / or masonry soaked or impregnated and so is protected. 10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized, that as a fungicide, a commercial fungicide, especially a boron compound, especially preferably boric acid and / or borax and / or orthoborate and / or polyborates and / or one quaternary ammonium compound and / or a conazole and / or mixture thereof. 11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized, preferred that the layer or insert be wrapped around the wood like a sleeve or cuff is also fixed, in particular to protect masonry from timber particularly preferred of ceiling beam heads. 12. Device according to claim 4 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the perforations to the edges of the insert or to the edges of the layer or to the upward flaring of the tub becomes less or more or the insert or Layer near the edges has no perforations or the diameter or Dimensions of the perforations to the edges of the insert or to the raised flanges the tub get smaller or bigger.   13. Device according to claim 4 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that a hollow body system, in particular a tube system is used. 14. Device according to claim 4 or one of the preceding claims, characterized, that the hollow body system consists of plastic, preferably polyethylene. 15. Device according to claim 13 characterized, that a tube system with tubes arranged perpendicular and parallel to each other, wherein Adjacent tubes are connected to one another with webs. 16. Device according to claim 13 characterized, that a branched or comb or rake-like hollow body or tube system ver is used, in particular the tubes are arranged in layers and the individual Layers are connected via webs and the tubes differ within one layer Lich high to each other, in particular arranged at different heights are, and with an obliquely ascending hollow body with an opening Nem end are connected, so that a filling of the entire tube system with one Fungicide becomes possible through this opening. 17. Device according to claim 16 characterized, that the inside diameter of the vertical tubes is different, especially the inner tubes have a larger inner diameter than the outer tubes sen.   18. The method with device according to claim 17 characterized, that the tube system is installed in a component to be concreted, such as ring anchors is that the opening of the hollow body for filling with fungicide prefers in the building nere shows and comes to rest on possibly installed formwork, such as formwork panels. 19. Device according to claim 13 or 16 characterized, that the lower end of the vertically arranged tube is closed, especially ge against the entry of concrete, mortar or similar 20. Device according to claim 19 characterized, that the closure, preferably a plug, preferably from a soluble or soluble or consists of soluble material depending on the pH value. 21. Device according to claim 20 characterized, that the material is polyvinyl alcohol or a soluble, preferably water-soluble film or a is soluble, preferably water-soluble wax.