DE19853981A1 - Seat for car - Google Patents

Abstract

The car seat has a seat part and a backrest part. Protection devices are provided which contain a back rest adjustment device (5) that can be released in a rear-end shunt. This controls the back rest part (2) after its release so that the latter works against a high slippage of the occupant along the back rest as a result of the shunt. The back rest adjustment device contains release devices (6) which release or not the control of the back rest part according to the force and/or type of rear-end shunt and also the weight of the occupant upon the car seat.

Description

The invention relates to a motor vehicle seat according to the waiter Concept of claim 1 and an actuation method for egg NEN motor vehicle seat according to the preamble of claim 21.

In the event of a rear-end collision of motor vehicles, the Ge drive that occupants due to the impact along the backrest part their vehicle seat can slide up. The Hochrut is because the backrest collides with the rear impact bends backwards, creating an inclined ramp.

In the event of a rear-end collision, the vehicle occupants become occupants stuff pushed up so far by, so to speak, their seat and is pushed through them with their head against push the vehicle roof or at least over the headrest be pushed out so that the latter no longer bie tet. The consequences are severe skull and / or spine oil injuries that can also be fatal. On the other hand there is currently no effective protection.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a motor vehicle seat and to create an actuation process for one to provide better protection for an occupant.

According to the invention this is done with a motor vehicle seat Claim 1 and with an actuation method for one Motor vehicle seat reached according to claim 21. Preferred and advantageous development of the invention result from the respective dependent claims and their combinations.  

In a motor vehicle seat according to the invention with a seat part, a backrest part and protective devices, the one at a rear impact releasable seat back adjustment included, which controls the backrest part after its release, that the latter a ride of an occupant along the Leh counteracts partly due to the rear impact. In particular The backrest part is placed as straight as possible, i.e. the zu bend back against the backrest part due to the rear impact worked.

Usually in the event of a rear impact to a ramp The end of the backrest can be made using the backrests according to the invention adjustment device can be stabilized.

According to a preferred development of the invention the motor vehicle seat provided that the seat back adjustment facility contain release facilities that depend on the strength and / or type of rear impact and the ge importance of controlling the occupant in the motor vehicle seat Release the backrest part or not. Preferably contain the Release devices one coupled to the backrest part Load limiter.

The invention can be particularly advantageous with a force Realize vehicle seat in which the backrest part of the seat partly facing buttocks end and one facing away from the seat part Shoulder end, and in which the seat back adjuster after their release, a swiveling of the buttocks end and shoulder end of the backrest part relative to each other in the manner works with regard to the respective situation in front of the rear bounce the buttock towards and / or the shoulder end away from Rear impact is adjustable. According to a preferred further formation of it is provided that the seat back adjustment direction is designed so that after its release an adjustment of the backrest part from the seat part upwards  works. Through these designs, the effect of the invention particularly simple and well implemented.

In the preferred and advantageous embodiment explained above tion variants of the motor vehicle seat is a realization possible that the backrest part on both sides of the motor vehicle Stuff connected to the seat part via a holder and that the seat back adjustment is a constraint control contains that between the seat part and the holders of the backrest part works.

Preferably, the positive control contains on both sides of the Motor vehicle seat one front and one rear Lever at their lower ends on the seat part and on their upper ends on the respective holder rotatably mounted are and of which the rear, the rear of the vehicle closer Levers are longer than the front levers. With this execution then the front and rear levers do not run at approved seat backrest adjustment in the direction of Vehicle tail away diagonally upwards and at least essentially chen parallel to each other. Furthermore, the upper ends of the front and rear lever with released seat back adjustable to rear impact. This enables light with advantage a solid and effective adjustment of the backrest part.

It is also particularly preferred if the invention according to the motor vehicle seat, the seat back adjustment device Contain drive devices that act upon the Part of the backrest after the release of the seat back adjuster tion at least support or cause so that the leaning Part of an occupant sliding up as a result of the rear opening counteracts bulging. So that the backrest part quickly and can be reliably adjusted. The drives are preferably devices coupled with the positive control. Alternatively or in addition, drive devices can have at least one pyrotechnic actuator included. Such pyrotechnic  Adjusting cylinders can be on both sides of the motor vehicle seat be provided, but it may be sufficient if a pyro Technical actuating cylinder on one side of the motor vehicle seat is used, each pyrotechnic Stellzy linder preferably fixed on the one hand on the seat part and others effectively coupled to the upper end of the rear lever is.

Instead of an additional pyrotechnic actuator as an using a propellant can also be a pyrotechnic Actuating cylinders are used, the part of a side airbag Direction side airbag housed in the motor vehicle seat direction is and is designed to be a side air to pull bag from its accommodation space into an active position by means of a tension rope, which on the one hand in the area of the school terends of the backrest part and on the other hand with the Stellzylin which is coupled to the tensioning cable after the Side airbag device to the front free end of the seat part stretches and around by tightening the instep rope the backrest part after the release of the seat back adjuster Oil device to act so that the backrest part one An occupant slips up as a result of the rear-end collision acted. Further details on the design of suitable be Ten airbag devices are in the German patent applications 197 38 728.4 and 198 45 992.0, the latter being German Utility model application 297 17 795.8 goes back, as well as the analog American patent applications with the serial number mern 09 / 017,858, entitled "AIRBAG DEVICE IN A VEHICLE AND METHOD FOR ACTIVATING AN AIRBAG DEVICE ", submitted on 3 Fe bruar 1998, and 09 / 165,744, entitled "SIDE-AIRBAG DEVICE, METHOD FOR OPERATION THEREOF AND VEHICLE SEAT THEREWITH ", a filed on October 6, 1998, all disclosed on the prior lying inventors and applicants are based and on their content hereby regarding the features for the design of the screen Reference is made to the airbag device insofar as this characteristic le in connection with the backrest adjustment according to the present invention can be used. In the scope of the reference  the relevant features and design options options for avoiding extensive citations constantly included in the available documents.

It is also in connection with the drive devices preferred if it is activated with Sensoreinrich are coupled to detect a rear impact. There can be provided with advantage that the Sensoreinrich lines are coupled to the release facilities to the Drive devices only with approved backrest ver actuating device.

As part of a further preferred embodiment of the Erfin The seat backs can be released in the event of a rear-end collision adjustment device Presetting devices contain the with sensor devices for detecting an upcoming Rear impact are coupled and after releasing the seat backs Adjust the backrest part so that the last one res of an occupant sliding up as a result of the rear opening counteracts bulging. This is preferably achieved by that the presetting an electric or hydraulic lican drive included, with a forced control of the Leh is partially coupled that the backrest part of the seat part buttocks end facing and a school facing away from the seat part has terende, and that the positive control after the release of the Seat back adjustment by the electric or hydraulic lican drive a pivoting of the buttocks and shoulder ends of the Part of the backrest relative to each other in the way causes bez the respective situation before the presetting works towards the buttocks and / or the shoulders is adjustable from the rear impact. Another preferably Design of this provides that the forced control after the release of the seat back adjustment by the elec Tro- or hydraulic drive an adjustment of the backrest part effected from the seat part upwards.  

It is also advantageous if the Sitzlehnenver setting device absolute and / or relative limitation directions for limiting the effect and / or movement of the Control of the backrest part contains. This can make one too wide Adjustment of the backrest part can be avoided.

It is also advantageous if the release and / or activation Adjustment of the backrest part with the triggering of further Si safety devices is coupled. The combination of the he inventive backrest part adjustment with a side or Chest airbag has already been associated with a further he preferred embodiment of the invention specified above refines, not only the combination of effects, but also the functions are used. And also a le only combined triggering within the scope of the present Er finding lies, why the older specified above Applications are referred to and by this reference the Contents of the older registrations mentioned to avoid comprehensive citations in full in the present Un documents are included. It can also adjust bare headrest together with the backrest adjustment be solved. In particular, the headrest adjustment also how the backrest adjustment according to the present Er finding, preventive before a rear impact. A white tere combination variant of the backrest part according to the invention position results together with a headrest airbag and / or belt tensioners, the triggering of which is used can be to the partial backrest adjustment of the present Er trigger the activation or activation of this backrest part position can trigger a headrest airbag and / or of belt tensioners. It is also possible that several safety devices activated or deactivated in parallel be solved. In particular, the same sensor devices can be used conditions for triggering the backrest adjustment and others Safety devices are used. Preferably can also the movement of the backrest part adjustment, for example  trigger and / or effect a headrest adjustment ge be used.

With regard to the details of the present invention The techniques to be combined indicate the older ones applications 196 41 224.2, 197 07 998.9, 197 38 727.6 and 198 44 413.3 as well as the older American patent application with the serial numbers 08 / 946,579, with the title "DRIVING DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR TIGHTENING A SAFETY BELT IN A MOTOR VE HICLE ", filed October 7, 1997, and 09 / 031,914, with entitled "VEHICLE SEAT", filed on February 27, 1998, Be pulled. All of these older registrations go to Erfin the and the applicant of the present application back and are to be avoided by the reference made here of extensive citations in full in the present Documents included, as far as the features and designs, which are specified in the earlier applications with which this ing invention can be combined.

The invention also includes an actuation method for egg NEN motor vehicle seat with a seat part and a backrest part, the backrest part in a rear impact into a protection position is controlled so that it slides up an In sat along the backrest part due to the rear impact acted.

As a preferred further development, it is possible that when driving direction mounted motor vehicle seat, the backrest part at one Rear impact at his buttocks end to and / or at his Ver shoulder end away from the rear impact in a protective position is with regard to the adjustment of the backrest part before Rear impact. This process can be further developed by anyone that the backrest part in a rear impact from the seat part is also adjusted upwards into a protective position regarding the adjustment of the backrest part before the rear impact.  

Preferably, in the method according to the present Er with reaching the protective position of the backrest part means sensor devices for detecting a rear impact and coupled drive devices at least under supports or effects. Alternatively or additionally, the Leh part by means of sensor devices for detecting a be protruding rear impact and associated presetting before an impending rear impact into the Protective position can be adjusted.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention result derive from the exemplary embodiments that are described below under Be Access to the drawings exemplarily described in more detail become. The drawings show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic partial side view of a motor vehicle seat with a seat recliner in egg ner first embodiment,

Fig. 2 is a schematic partial side view of a motor vehicle seat with a seat recliner in egg ner second embodiment,

Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of a Sitzlehnenver adjusting device of a vehicle seat in a perspective partial view schemati rule,

Fig. 4 is a schematic partial side view of a functional explanation of the third embodiment of the seat recliner of a vehicle seat of Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 is a schematic partial side view of a functional explanation of a fourth embodiment of the seat recliner of a vehicle seat, and

Fig. 6 is an adjustable headrest as part of a fifth embodiment of a motor vehicle seat according to the invention in a vertical partial sectional view.

Based on the description and the drawings are the same or Similar parts and components as well as the same or similar to us elements and assemblies, especially those that accordingly by all figures of the drawing the same Be have signs of movement, easily recognizable for a specialist, even if they are not explicit in the associated description are specified or treated. Only in connection with special features dealt with in individual exemplary embodiments are through comparative observation and knowledge of one Expert in the present field with other Aus leadership forms of the invention can be combined. The invention is not to those shown below and in the drawings Embodiments limited, but includes any modes fications, variations and substitutions that are necessary for one Specialists are recognizable, especially in the context of their subject knowledge and the above explanations of the invention and of claims.

In Fig. 1, a first embodiment of a motor vehicle seat 1 is shown, which has a backrest part 2 and a seat part 3 . With today's front seats installed in the direction of travel in motor vehicles, the backrest or the backrest part 2 is bent backwards in the event of a rear-end crash or collision. In this way, an occupant sitting on the vehicle seat 1. In sasse rises (not shown) such as on a slide upwards. As a result, a headrest (not visible) located at the upper free end of the backrest part 2 is too low relative to the head (not shown) of the occupant and can no longer support the head. Depending on the height of the seating position (not visible), the height of the passenger compartment (not shown) and the size of the occupant, there is even a risk that the latter will be hit with the head against the vehicle roof (not shown). This can result in serious and even fatal injuries to the occupant. Seat belts cannot offer sufficient protection against this.

The motor vehicle seat 1 shown in Fig. 1 includes Schut zeinrichtungen 4, which contains a releasable in a rear impact seat recliner 5, which by its free, the backrest part 2 display controls, the latter a Hochrut rule of an occupant (not shown) along the backrest part 2 counteracts as a result of the rear impact. The phrase "counteracts" has been chosen because an actual adjustment of the backrest part 2 of the motor vehicle seat 1 does not have to be achievable in every case. In a particularly violent rear impact, for example in connection with a very heavy occupant, it may be that the Sitzlehnenver adjusting device 5 just compensates for the impact-related load on the backrest part 2 to the rear, so that no change in position of the backrest part 2 by a preset position of the backrest before the rear impact Seat backrest adjustment device 5 is reached, but overall there is a significant improvement in the accident sequence for the occupant (not shown), since the backrest part 2 is not adjusted or bent accordingly to the rear. The support and securing function of the backrest part 2 is maintained at least in accordance with the backrest position or position set before the rear impact.

The seat back adjustment device 5 includes release devices 6 in the form of a load limiter 7 which , in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, consists of a wel-shaped guide slot 8 with a retaining pin 9 running therein. The holding pin 9 has a diameter which corresponds to the vol len width of the guide slot 8 between the opposed maxima whose waveform. In the event of a rear-end collision, an occupant is pressed against the backrest part 2 , most particularly in the region of his center of gravity, which is in the position on the motor vehicle seat 1 at the level of the buttocks of the occupant. Thus, due to the rear-end collision, the occupant initially presses essentially the lower end of the backrest part 2 , which is also referred to as the buttock end 10 of the backrest part 2 . Only at a later point in time of the accident does the rest of the occupant's upper body bring such considerable force against the other end of the backrest part 2 , ie the shoulder end 11 of the backrest part 2 , that the latter is bent backwards in the form of its height due to the lever length or is adjusted.

The initial force on the buttocks end 10 of the backrest part 2 forces the latter back against the action of the load limiter 7 . Is a force of a rear impact and / or the weight of an occupant Ge sufficiently large, so the holding pin 9 against the resistance of the waveform of the guide slot 8 will squeeze through it and thus allow a Ver adjusting movement of the backrest part 2 .

The backrest part 2 is attached to a holder 12 in the region of its buttocks end 10 , which can also be referred to as a seat backrest. The inclination of the backrest part 2 can be adjusted relative to the brackets 12 in order to enable the best possible seating position when driving the motor vehicle (not shown). The holder 12 contain the load limiter 7 in a front part with respect to the seat direction, but it may also be sufficient to provide a load limiter 7 in only one holder 12 . Furthermore, a front bearing pin 13 and a rear bearing pin 14 are attached to the two holders 12 (only one can be seen in the manner shown). Correspondingly, a front lever 15 and a rear lever 16 are each pivotably mounted at their upper ends 17 and 18 on bearing journals 13 and 14 , the rear lever 16 being longer than the front lever 15 . At their respective lower ends 19 and 20 , the front lever 15 and the rear lever 16 are pivotally mounted on journals 21 and 22, respectively, which are attached to the seat part 3 of the motor vehicle seat 1 . In an initial position, which is shown in FIG. 1, the two levers 15 and 16 are approximately parallel and run obliquely upwards in the direction from the back to the front.

Since the rear lever 16 is longer than the front lever 15 , the holder 12 is tilted or pivoted when it is moved backwards. Through this tilting of the holder 12 , the backrest part 2 connected in a fixed position is also tilted or pivoted, in such a way that the shoulder end 11 of the backrest part 2 faces forward, ie away from the rear of the vehicle, and the seat end 10 of the backrest part 2 to the rear of the Vehicle moved backwards. At the same time, due to the arrangement and design of the levers 15 and 16, there is also an upward movement of the backrest part 2 . The backrest part 2 thus yields somewhat in the seat area for shock absorption, while in the school ter area the upper body of an occupant moves forward and thus counteracts the effect according to which the upper body of the occupant adjusts or bends the backrest part 2 in the course of the accident to the rear. The backrest part pulls over the occupant, as it were, when a rear-end collision occurs. Actuated, this may in principle by means of the buttocks applied with the occupant force during a rear impact, since the force of the backrest part 2 against the force of the load ranges pushes the back end 10 Grenzer 7 back to the load limiter 7 to there, and then the backrest part 2 on the base of the Forced control 23 , which is formed by the levers 15 and 16 , is forced to perform the above-described pivoting movement.

In FIG. 1, a Bowden cable 24 is also indicated, by means of which an adjustable headrest (not visible in this figure) can be brought into a protective position. Wei terhin front supports 25 and 26 are provided for the holder 12 against loads from behind in the rear impact or to support the backrest part 2 and a rear stop 27 for the rear lever 16 as limiting devices for the partial backrest adjustment.

The sequence of movements of the backrest part 2 , as explained above, is ensured in a second exemplary embodiment, which is shown in a manner analogous to FIG. 1 in FIG. 2, by separate drive devices 28 . First of all, it should be noted that the load limiter 7 'of this two-th exemplary embodiment only acts in an initial stage of loading of the backrest part 2 . If the drive devices 28 act upon the backrest part 2 after their activation, a further load limitation would counteract the effort of the drive devices 28 , which would be nonsensical. At most, a course of action of the drive devices 28 could be predetermined by the design of the load limiter 7 .

The load limiter 7 and / or the rear stop 27 can act as a load receiver which brakes the movement of the buttocks end 10 of the backrest part 2 towards the rear impact.

In addition to the features of the first exemplary embodiment, the variant shown in FIG. 2 also contains a pyrotechnic actuating cylinder 29 as the drive devices 28 . Without restrictions, such a pyrotechnic actuating cylinder can also be provided in an analogous manner on the other side of the motor vehicle seat 1 that is not visible in the figure. The pyrotechnic actuating cylinder 29 is fixed at one end, but pivotally attached to the seat part 3 , which, as can be seen in FIG. 2, in the embodiment shown there on the front bearing pin 21 is the case where the lower end 19 of the front lever 15 is pivoted. The other end of the pyrotechnic actuating cylinder 29 also engages in a stationary and pivotable manner on the rear bearing journal 14 , on which also the upper end 18 of the rear longer lever 16 engages. If the pyrotechnic Stellzy cylinder 29 is triggered, which he can basically follow by a Heckauf impact sensor (not shown) or a switch (not shown) at a predetermined point of the load limiter 7 , the pyrotechnic actuating cylinder 29 pushes its two articulation points, ie the journals 18 and 19 further apart, which leads to the rear lever 16 being pivoted rearwards towards the rear of the vehicle (not shown). Since the system from the two levers 15 and 16 form a compulsory guide or control 23 , the front shorter lever 15 is also forcibly pivoted accordingly.

Due to the different lengths of the two levers 15 and 16 , the holder 12 is not only pivoted upwards and backwards, as in a case in which both levers are of the same length, but is also tilted so that its front end ( when viewed from the front) is tilted down relative to the rear end. In other words, the holder 12 actually performs a combined pivoting and tilting movement when the seat back adjustment device 5 is actuated, which also takes part in the backrest part 2 , since it is usually individually adjusted, but is then firmly connected to the holder 12 .

With regard to the other designs, the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 corresponds to the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1.

In FIGS. 3 and 4 is shown a third embodiment of a vehicle seat 1, wherein subsequently a safe- guard against repetition, only the changes to the described above with reference to FIG. 2, the second embodiment will be discussed. The analogies between the two mentioned exemplary embodiments are also illustrated by the corresponding reference numerals in the figures, without them having to be described separately.

In Fig. 3, a rear impact sensor 30 is first shown schematically, which is designed to trigger the pyrotechnic Stellzylin ders 29 in the event of a rear-end collision with at least one predetermined force. In Fig. 4 it can then be seen what causes the triggering of the pyrotechnic Stellzylin ders 29 . The simultaneous movements of individual parts are shown by arrows A, B, C and D ver. In addition to the detonation during the ignition of the pyrotechnic actuating cylinder 29 , a detonation for triggering a headrest airbag (not visible) is also symbolically shown. Furthermore, it can be seen from the comparison of the thickness of the headrest 31 in the solid starting position of the backrest part 2 with the protective position of the backrest part 2 shown in broken lines that the headrest ze 31 has been adjusted so that it is shown in the adjusted position (shown in broken lines) ) is closer to an occupant's head (not shown) and / or pushes him further forward. The actuation of the adjustable headrest 31 takes place via a Bowden cable 24 , which transmits the adjustment movement of the seat back adjustment device 5 to an adjustment mechanism (not visible) of the headrest 31 .

The processes in the headrest 31 are in the fourth exporting the motor vehicle seat 1 approximately example of FIG. 5, the same as they were specified in connection with in FIGS. 3 and 4, the third embodiment of the vehicle seat 1. The seat back adjustment device 5 of these two exemplary embodiments is basically the same, but with the difference that the drive devices 28 of the fourth exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5 have a pyro technical actuating cylinder 29 ', which at the same time serves to tension a tensioning cable 32 of a side airbag 33 , since with the latter is drawn from an accommodation space 34 in the sides of the seat part 3 and the backrest part 2 into an active position shown in dashed lines in FIG. 5 before it is fully inflated. By the tensioning cable 32 , a pulling force is applied to the front of the seat part 3 towards the area of the shoulder end 11 of the backrest part 2 , so that because of the forced control 23, the tilting pivoting of the backrest part, which was already detailed in particular for the second exemplary embodiment (see FIG. 2) 2 is caused. Also in FIG. 5, the movement of individual parts of the motor are the vehicle seat 1 by the arrows A, B, C and D illustrated. The rear impact sensor 30 , which also triggers the headrest airbag, as is illustrated by the explosion shown schematically, is also indicated schematically.

Without limitation, the use of the tension cable 32 of the side or thorax airbag 33 can only be provided as support for a separate drive of the seat back adjustment device 5 in the form of the pyrotechnic actuating cylinder 29 . It is also possible, on the vehicle outside (not shown) facing side of the motor vehicle seat 1, the adjustment movement of the backrest part ultimately through the pyrotechnic actuating cylinder 29 'of the side airbag device and on the vehicle center facing side of the motor vehicle seat 1 through the separate pyrotechnic actuating cylinder 29 float. The use of the side airbag device has the part before that the backrest part 2 and the seat part 3 are firmly clamped together and an occupant is urged towards the center of the vehicle, which offers additional safety aspects.

In addition to the use of sensor devices such. B. the rear impact sensor 30 , for triggering or activating the seat backrest adjustment device 5, for example by means of the drive devices 28 , sensor devices can also be used for triggering or activating further safety devices, such as, for. B. belt tensioners, headrest airbags, headrest adjusters and much more.

As was stated in connection with the general presentation of preferred configurations in the introduction to the description, presetting devices 35 can also be provided, which are shown by way of example in FIG. 6 in the context of a fifth exemplary embodiment of the motor vehicle seat 1 . These presetting devices 35 contain an electric motor 36 which is designed for rotation in both directions. On the shaft 37 of the electric motor 36 sits the Lagerzap fen 14 , which in this embodiment is rigidly connected to the upper end 18 of the rear lever 16 and is rotatably supported in the holder 12 (compare, for example, FIGS. 1 and 2). The housing 38 of the electric motor 36 itself is rigidly connected to the holder 12 a related party. Basically, the electric motor 36 could also engage the bearing pin 22 of the lower end 20 of the rear lever 16 , but this type would preclude the use of the drive of the electric motor 36 for adjusting a headrest 31 if the backrest part 2 should be adjustable relative to the seat part . In the fifth exemplary embodiment it is provided that the electric motor 36 also engages a Bowden cable 24 which, in order to be able to be pulled in both directions, is loop-like around a drive wheel 39 of the electric motor 36 . The two free ends 40 and 41 of the Bowden cable 24 are connected to actuating ends 42 and 43 egg ner headrest adjustment mechanism 44 , so that the headrest 31 can be issued and reset.

The activation of the electric motor 36 takes place as a function of sensors (not shown), by means of which an impending and at least generally unavoidable rear impact is detected. B. speed and direction of an approach between the rear of the vehicle and an external object can be determined.

The invention relates to a motor vehicle seat with safety adjusting devices as protective devices, and in particular re safety adjustment devices for a seat in driving or Airplanes. A special application of the invention be hits a seat fitting to adjust the backrest at the rear crash or impact and to adjust the headrest when Automobile. Generally, the present invention provides others Words expressed protective devices of a motor vehicle zes, with a seat back adjustment, which is essentially Chen is formed by a seat back fitting arrangement that the backrest part or generally the backrest on both sides of the Seat part or seat frame is tied so that the Kör permasse of an occupant in a rear impact of the motor vehicle  stuff with at least a certain predetermined force Push back in the seat area against a load limit can. The fitting is in preferred versions attached to the seat frame with two swiveling handlebar levers. Because the front lever is shorter than the rear lever there is a tilting and swiveling movement. This will the backrest when loaded from behind, such as. B. at a rear-end crash, tilted forward at the shoulder end, weh while being lifted at the same time. This keeps the In sit further down in the seat. The backrest also turns into one existing headrest raised to a better supporting position ben. A Bowden cable can also be attached to the movement of the fitting be coupled, for example either a headrest up and panning forward or the first step of a head support airbags ignite.

The invention is not based on those described above and be shown in the drawing specific embodiments limits. All variations, substitutions and changes gene that have the same or comparable effects ben or similar effects are known to the expert hand of the present representation of the invention without further notice recognizable as belonging and therefore also embraced by the latter.  

Reference list

1

Motor vehicle seat

2nd

Backrest part

3rd

Seat part

4th

safety devices

5

Seat back adjustment device

6

Release facilities

7

Load limiters, load sensors

7

'' Load limiter

8th

wavy guide slot

9

Retaining pin

10th

Buttock end of the backrest part

2nd

11

Shoulder end of the backrest part

2nd

12th

holder

13

front bearing journal of the holder

12th

14

rear bearing journal of the holder

12th

15

front lever

16

rear lever

17th

upper end of the front lever

15

18th

upper end of the rear lever

16

19th

lower end of the front lever

15

20th

lower end of the rear lever

16

21

front bearing journal on the seat part

3rd

22

rear bearing journal on the seat part

3rd

23

Override control

24th

Bowden cable

25th

,

26

front supports for the holder

12th

27

rear stop for the rear lever

16

, Load receiver

28

Drive devices

29

pyrotechnic actuator

29

'' pyrotechnic actuator

30th

Rear impact sensor

31

adjustable headrest

32

Tension rope

33

Side or thorax airbag

34

Accommodation space

35

Presetting devices

36

Electric motor

37

Shaft of the electric motor

38

Housing of the electric motor

39

Drive wheel of the electric motor

40

,

41

free ends of the Bowden cable

42

,

43

Actuating ends

44

Headrest adjustment mechanism
A and B movement arrows
C and D movement arrows

Claims (25)

1. Motor vehicle seat with a seat part and a backrest part, characterized in that protective devices ( 4 ) are provided which contain a bare seat back adjustment device ( 5 ) which can be released in a rear impact and which, after their release, controls the backrest part ( 2 ) so that the latter one An occupant slipping up along the backrest part ( 2 ) counteracts as a result of the rear impact. 2. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 1, characterized in that the seat back adjustment device ( 5 ) release devices ( 6 ) which, depending on the force and / or type of rear impact and the weight of the occupant on the motor vehicle seat, the control of the backrest part ( 2 ) release or not. 3. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 2, characterized in that the release devices ( 6 ) contain a with the Leh nsteil ( 2 ) coupled load limiter ( 7 , 7 '). 4. Motor vehicle seat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the backrest part ( 2 ) has a seat part ( 3 ) facing the butt end ( 10 ) and a seat part ( 3 ) facing away from the shoulder end ( 11 ), and that the seat back adjustment device ( 5th ) after their release on a pivoting of the buttocks end ( 10 ) and shoulder ends ( 11 ) of the backrest part ( 2 ) in relation to each other in such a way that with respect to the respective position in front of the rear end, the buttocks end ( 10 ) collides with and / or the school terende ( 11 ) is adjustable away from the rear impact, the movement of the seat end ( 10 ) of the backrest part ( 2 ) towards the rear impact being able to be braked by a load receiver (load limiter 7 , rear stop 27 ). 5. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 4, characterized in that the seat back adjustment device ( 5 ) is designed such that it acts upon its release to a position of the backrest part ( 2 ) from the seat part ( 3 ) upwards. 6. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the backrest part ( 2 ) on both sides of the motor vehicle seat ( 1 ) via a holder ( 12 ) with the seat part ( 3 ) is connected, and that the Sitzlehnenver adjusting device ( 5 ) contains a positive control ( 23 ) which acts between the seat part ( 3 ) and the holders ( 12 ) of the backrest part ( 2 ). 7. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 6, characterized in that
that the positive control ( 23 ) on both sides of the vehicle seat ( 1 ) contains a front and a rear lever ( 15 , 16 ), which at their lower ends ( 19 and 20 ) on the seat part ( 3 ) and at their upper ends ( 17th or 18 ) are each rotatably mounted on the corresponding holder ( 12 ) and of which the rear levers ( 16 ) closer to the motor vehicle rear are longer than the front levers ( 15 ),
that the front and rear levers ( 15 , 16 ) when the seat back adjustment device ( 5 ) is not released in the direction from the rear of the vehicle run obliquely upwards and at least substantially parallel to one another, and
that the upper ends ( 17 , 18 ) of the front and rear levers ( 15 and 18 ) with released Sitzlehnenver adjusting device ( 5 ) are adjustable towards the rear impact. 8. Motor vehicle seat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seat back adjusting device ( 5 ) contains drive devices ( 28 ) which act upon the backrest part ( 2 ) after the release of the seat back adjusting device ( 5 ) at least support or effect so that counteracts the backrest part ( 2 ) of an occupant sliding up as a result of the rear-end collision. 9. Motor vehicle seat according to claims 6 and 8, characterized in that the drive devices ( 28 ) are coupled to the positive control ( 23 ). 10. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the drive devices ( 28 ) contain at least one pyrotechnic actuating cylinder ( 29 , 29 '). 11. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 10, characterized in that a pyrotechnic actuating cylinder ( 29 ) on one side of the motor vehicle seat ( 1 ) on the one hand stationary on the seat part ( 3 ) and on the other hand at the upper end ( 18 ) of the rear lever ( 16 ) is effectively coupled . 12. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that a pyrotechnic actuating cylinder ( 29 ') is part of a side airbag device accommodated in the motor vehicle seat ( 1 ) and is designed to egg n side airbag ( 33 ) from its accommodation space ( 34 ) in to pull an active position by means of a tension cable ( 32 ) which is coupled on the one hand in the area of the shoulder end ( 11 ) of the backrest part ( 2 ) and on the other hand to the actuating cylinder ( 29 ') which, after the side airbag device has been triggered, releases the tension cable ( 32 ) to the front free end of the seat part ( 3 ) tensions, and to act on the other by tensioning the tensioning cable ( 32 ) the backrest part ( 2 ) after the release of the seat back adjustment device ( 5 ), so that the backrest part ( 2 ) slides up an occupant counteracted due to the rear impact. 13. Motor vehicle seat one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the drive devices ( 28 ) for activation are coupled to sensor devices (rear impact sensor 30 ) for detecting a rear impact. 14. Motor vehicle seat according to one of claims 2 or 3 in combination with claim 13, characterized in that the sensor devices (rear impact sensor 30 ) are coupled to the release devices ( 6 ) to the drive devices ( 28 ) only with released seat back adjustment device ( 5 ) trigger. 15. Motor vehicle seat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seat back adjustment device ( 5 ) which can be released at a rear impact contains adjustment devices ( 35 ) which are coupled to sensor devices for detecting an upcoming rear impact and after release of the seat back adjustment device ( 5 ) adjust the backrest part ( 2 ) so that the latter counteracts an occupant slipping up as a result of the rear-end collision. 16. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 15, characterized in that the presetting devices ( 35 ) contain an electric or hydraulic drive (electric motor 36 ) which is coupled with a positive control ( 23 ) of the backrest part ( 2 ) that the backrest part ( 2 ) one of the seat part ( 3 ) towards the buttocks end ( 10 ) and one of the seat part ( 3 ) facing away shoulder end ( 11 ), and that the Zwangssteue tion ( 23 ) after the release of the Sitzlehnenverstellein direction ( 5 ) by the electric or hydraulic drive (Electric motor 36 ) a pivoting of the seat end ( 10 ) and shoulder end ( 11 ) of the backrest part ( 2 ) relative to one another in such a way that with respect to the respective position before the action of the presetting devices ( 35 ) the seat de ( 10 ) towards and / or the shoulder end ( 11 ) is adjustable away from the rear impact. 17. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 16, characterized in that the positive control ( 23 ) after the release of the seat back adjuster ( 5 ) by the electric or hydraulic drive (electric motor 36 ) causes an adjustment of the backrest part ( 2 ) from the seat part ( 3 ) upwards . 18. Motor vehicle seat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seat back adjustment device ( 5 ) contains absolute and / or relative limiting devices (rear stop 27 ) for limiting the effectiveness and / or movement of the control of the backrest ( 2 ). 19. Motor vehicle seat according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seat back adjustment device ( 5 ) for common or mutually dependent triggering or activation with further safety devices ( 31 , 33 ), which are assigned to the motor vehicle seat ( 1 ) at least at least is. 20. Motor vehicle seat according to claim 19, characterized in that the further safety devices ( 31 , 33 ) contain a side airbag ( 33 ), a headrest airbag, a headrest adjustment ( 31 , 44 ) and / or one or more belt tensioners. 21. Actuation method for a motor vehicle seat with egg nem seat part and a backrest part, characterized in that the backrest part ( 2 ) is controlled in a protective collision in a rear impact, so that it slips up an occupant along the backrest part ( 2 ) as a result of Counteracts rear impact. 22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that when the motor vehicle seat ( 1 ) is mounted in the direction of travel, the backrest part ( 2 ) in the event of a rear-end collision at its buttock end ( 10 ) and / or at its shoulder end ( 11 ) away from the rear-end collision into a protective position is adjusted regarding the adjustment of the backrest part ( 2 ) in front of the rear impact. 23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that the backrest part ( 2 ) in a rear impact from the seat part ( 3 ) is additionally adjusted upwards into a protective position with respect to the adjustment of the backrest part ( 2 ) before the rear impact. 24. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that the reaching of the protective position of the backrest part ( 2 ) by means of sensor devices (Heckauf impact sensor 30 ) for detecting a rear impact and coupled drive devices ( 28 ) is at least supported or effected. 25. The method according to any one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the backrest part ( 2 ) is adjusted by means of Sensorein devices for detecting an impending rear impact and coupled presetting devices ( 35 ) before an impending rear impact in the protective position.