DE19850320C2 - Compact system for the mechanical treatment of waste water - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a compact system for mechanical Cleaning liquids, especially wastewater, with a Container with an inlet and an outlet for the liquid speed is provided with one arranged in the container Device for separating floating and suspended matter and a downstream device for separating sink substances from the liquid, as well as with facilities for ge separated discharge of the floating and suspended substances on the one hand and the sediments on the other hand, with the container itself Bottom tapered collecting space for the sediments has. Compact systems of this type are used especially for com complete mechanical cleaning of municipal or industrial Sewage. They are used where there is a high degree of separation and thus a high cleaning performance is required. The Compact system is used for cleaning sludges, for example  of special industrial sludges, one of which on the one hand, floating and floating substances from wastewater and others on the one hand, sediments are removed from the wastewater. at These sediments are mostly sand or the like inorganic components while floating and floating substances can be of organic origin. It happens additionally on the fact that the sand from the Wastewater is taken out. Under such a compact system is understood to be a plant that several of the described Functions fulfilled. This compact system can also have integrated fat separation. As a rule, will they also for compacting the separated screenings to care.

A compact system of the type described at the outset is known from DE 42 43 171 C1 or the applicant's company publication "ROTAMAT compact system", Ro 5 , edition 4.96 . The system can be installed or installed above or below ground. In any case, it has a container which can also be designed as a basin. The container is provided with an inlet for the wastewater contaminated with the floating, suspended and sinking substances and with an outlet for the wastewater freed from these substances, that is to say the liquid. The container has a collecting space for the sediments, which tapers conically downwards. A device for separating floating and suspended matter is provided in the container, which is designed as a rake or sieve system, for example in the form of a fine rake, a sieve system or a sieve screw. These facilities are used to screen the wastewater or to remove the floating and floating substances and to separate the separated substances. Downstream in the container, a device for separating sediments from the wastewater is provided, which is designed as a sand trap, which consists of two conveying devices connected to one another. One conveyor is arranged on the bottom of the container in the horizontal direction. It essentially has a screw conveyor which is driven counter to the flow direction. The second conveying device of the sand trap also represents a screw conveying device which, with its axis inclined at an angle, dips into the container and discharges the sand captured by the first conveying device from the container. The sand is dropped into a container. Such a sand trap is thus designed as a long sand trap. It disadvantageously increases the length of the container, so that such compact systems have a corresponding overall length. On the other hand, this length is necessary to ensure that the sediments settle in the container to the desired degree. It is also disadvantageous that the sand trap has two screw conveyors, both of which have to be driven. The known compact system has correspondingly high investment, operating and maintenance costs.

From the journal Korrespondenz Abwasser, 1984, pp. 104-110, are "parallel plate separators" or from the magazine "environmental engineering". 3/87, pp. 8-14, are "sloping plate separators the "known in wastewater technology for cleaning Industrial waste water of an inorganic type, but also for oil separation be used from water. These parallel plate separators have plates of the same length arranged parallel to each other, which are either straight through or one beveled or corrugated in shape. These plates are in a container arranged with an inlet and an outlet is provided for the waste water. The arrangement of the plates in the Container is such that the plates below the through the Expired liquid level arranged in the container are so that the gaps between the plates more or flows less simultaneously and in an even distribution become. Depending on the direction of movement of the liquid and the The sediments to be separated from the plates are used in such parallel plate separators  Direct current, counter current, diagonal current and cross-flow separators. Put the sediments off the sloping plates and slide this down under the influence of gravity. The deduction of the Suspended substances happen at the bottom of the tank. The application of The parallel plate separator is not the same across the cross-section moderate. The same applies to the inclined plate separators with which even an equalization of the flow should be achieved. However, it is considered difficult to over-supply water to evenly shape the entire width of the plate separator There will be no suggestions as to how this could be improved given. Due to the boundary layer effect in the vicinity of the plate and pool walls create zones with very little flow speed at which the suspended matter, almost as in still water, can sink faster than in areas a bottom-up flow rate, which counteracts the sink rate. With sloping plates can double the area loading (Wing loading) can be achieved, d. H. the dimensions of the Container can be used with the factor when using inclined plates 0.7 can be reduced.

The invention has for its object a compact system Provide the type described above, which is an advantageous increased separation performance with reduced overall length has.

According to the invention, this is described in the introduction Compact system achieved in that in the container, in particular between the device for separating swimming and Suspended substances and the device for separating sink substances that equalize the flow of the liquid Control devices are provided that the device for Separate the sediments parallel to each other and / or at an angle has inclined arranged in the container separating elements and  that the container is tapering downwards Collecting area for the sediments below the separating elements having.

The invention is based on the idea hitherto in such Compact systems usual long sand trap with its comparative large length to be replaced by separating elements that are the same sam as a separation package for several side by side and thus on shorter overall length are arranged. Such separator elements white an advantageously short overall length, because through them the Flow of the liquid is divided into several parallel paths is where there is a low flow rate prevails. The area of the tank in which the separation elements te are appropriately has a larger cross intersected as the previous area in which the facility for Separation of the floating and suspended substances is arranged. To the It is to fully utilize the separation performance of the separation elements required, in the container, especially between the device for separating floating and suspended matter and the equipment device for separating sediments, the flow of liquid order to arrange comparative guidance systems that the Flow of the liquid in the area of the separating elements  the entire cross-sectional area of the separating elements in each case Imprint the same speed. This makes it ideal conditions for sedimentation in a small space create. In addition, the separating elements and the Flow of the liquid equalizing guide devices in a special way to each other and to the compact plant adapted. The separating elements do not only have the front part of the comparatively smaller overall length, but require also no drive power. The separated sediments, usually sand, fall immediately below the separator elements. Underneath the separating elements there is an after Bottom tapered collecting space for the sediments see so that the sediments on the separating elements through Gravity slide down and concentrate in the collecting room be trated. The sediments can be separated by one Screw conveyor conveyed out of the waste water become. The upstream of the separating elements Computer system ensures the separation of the swimming and Suspensions of appropriate fineness and therefore for the fact that the separating elements cannot be clogged by these substances. The individual separating elements can with little mutual distance parallel to the flow and / or inclined at an angle be classified. There is a possibility of comparative Large separation area on the separation elements in a small space accommodate.

For the formation of the control device or several associated control devices, which the flow of the Liquid so even that the individual liquid same elements within the area of the separating elements Have speed, there are different implementations possibilities. So the flow of the liquid can ver even guide a first, before the separator elements arranged baffle and / or a second, after the Have separating elements arranged baffle. In particular  another wall can be assigned to the second diving wall, which extends from the bottom of the container up and under ends half of the liquid level. But it is also possible that the conduit is equalizing the flow of the liquid direction has a flow box, which compared to Cross section of the container a lot of smaller, distributed arranged through openings. The passage openings can be through crossing webs or through Breakthroughs of a wall or plate on the flow box be formed. The distribution of the passage openings can be done evenly or unevenly to the distribution of the speeds over the cross section. Another possibility is that the flow of the Liquid-equalizing guide device a choke aperture with reduced inlet cross-section. It is also possible that the flow equalizing the flow of the liquid Guide device has a plurality of guide plates, the front the separator elements are arranged and facing outwards form enlarging passage cross-sections. The single ones shown implementation options for the control system can also be used and used in combination become.

The device for separate discharge of the swimming and sweat bestoffe is designed as a raking or screening plant. Here too there are various implementation options, in particular special with regard to the design of the separating surface for the Floating and floating substances. It can be driven by rotation Computing or screening systems, step rakes or other die Devices used to remove floating and suspended matter become. It is understood that the design of the separation area also depends on the type and size of these fabrics, which can vary in the liquid and should be separated.  

Can be used as a device for the separate discharge of the sediments expediently a screw conveyor with a pipe conveyor housing, only one driven screw conveyor, one Throw-in funnel and a discharge point can be provided, wherein the feed hopper of the screw conveyor directly is arranged below the separating elements. It also exists the possibility of several such conveyor sections in a row to switch and over the individual sections of the screw conveyor To connect universal joints so that only one Drive is required. It is also possible to set up for separate discharge of the sediments with one device Combine to wash the sediments before they go out will wear.

There is also for the realization of the separating elements themselves more options. The separating elements can be be tubular or honeycomb-shaped. Generally enough a plate-shaped formation, it being appropriate that Plates with their main surface in the direction of flow in the container to arrange. The individual plates can be arranged inclined be net and several disk packages z. B. V-shaped can be positioned to ensure a self-cleaning effect when the sediments slide down on the surfaces concerned the separating elements occurs.

There can also be a device for collecting and in the container Removal of fat may be provided. This facility can be stationary or floating to keep them in their effect also better different liquid levels adapt.

Finally, a ventilation device can be in the container order that compares the flow of the liquid moderate guiding device and / or the separating elements assigned. Such a ventilation device ensures  that organic substances are kept in balance and the Sand is better cleaned as sediment. The Aeration device can be of particularly fine-bubble design be when the compact system with a grease separator is granted. Finally, it is still possible that the inlet in the container is Coanda-shaped, for better Distribution of the flow in the tank and towards the To achieve separation elements.

The invention is based on preferred exemplary embodiments further explained and described. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a first form from guide the compact system,

Fig. 2 shows a section along the line AA in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a section along the line EE in Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of a second form from guide the compact system,

Fig. 5 is a section along the line BB in Fig. 4,

Fig. 6 is a schematic side view of a third form of execution from compact system,

Fig. 7 is a section along the line CC in Fig. 6,

Fig. 8 is a section along the line CC in Fig. 6 another embodiment,

Fig. 9 is a schematic side view of another guide die from the compact system,

Fig. 10 is a schematic side view of another guide die from the compact system,

Fig. 11 is a section along the line DD in Fig. 10,

Fig. 12 is a schematic side view of another guide die from the compact system,

Fig. 13 is a section along the line AA in Fig. 12,

Fig. 14 is a schematic side view of another guide die from the compact system with Belüftungseinrich tung and fat deposition,

Fig. 15 is a schematic side view of another guide die from the compact system,

Fig. 16 shows a particular embodiment of the arrangement of the separation elements,

Figure 17 is a first embodiment. The separation elements,

Fig. 18 shows a second embodiment of the separation elements,

Fig. 19 shows a third embodiment of the separation elements,

Fig. 20 is a schematic side view of another guide die from the compact system, and

Fig. 21 shows a section according to line XXI-XXI in Fig. 20.

The compact system shown in Fig. 1 has a container 1 , which is designed in particular as a closed box made of sheet metal with an inlet 2 and an outlet 3 for liquid 4 to be cleaned. The level 5 of the liquid 4 is in a run 2 higher than the level 6 in the run 3 .

Following the inlet 2 in a first area of the container 1 , a device for separating floating and suspended substances 7 is provided, which is designed as a sieve screw 8 . Such a screen screw 8 has a liquid-permeable separation surface 9 and in its interior a device 10 for discharging the separated floating and floating substances. The device 9 has a tubular housing and a screw conveyor device in its interior. The device for separating the floating and suspended substances 7 is laterally sealingly connected to the longitudinal walls of the container 1 , so that the liquid 4 is forced to flow through this device 7 . The liquid 4 then passes into a further section of the container 1 , in which separating elements 11 are arranged. The separating elements 11 , as shown in FIG. 2, consist of a large number of individual plates 12 which are arranged parallel to one another in the flow direction in accordance with a vertical longitudinal median plane 13 of the container 1 and are arranged at an angle to one another in two packages. The separating elements 11 or plates 12 form inclined separating surfaces for the sediments contained in the liquid 4 . As can be seen in FIG. 2, the container 1 has a lower, conically tapering area 14 in which a collecting space 15 is formed for the sediments which are separated along the plates 12 and enter the collecting space 15 by the influence of gravity. The separating elements 11 or plates 12 form in connection with the area 14 of the container 1 and the collecting space 15 a device 16 for separating the suspended matter. In the lower area 14 , a device for discharging the sediments 17 is provided, which passes through the collecting space 15 . The device 17 can, as shown, have a tubular housing 18 which is open in some areas and a driven screw conveyor 19 . The device 17 for discharging the suspended matter is thus provided separately from the device 10 for discharging the floating and suspended substances. Both devices 10 , 17 each lead to a separate discharge point, so that the respective substances can be processed separately.

It is important that the flow of the liquid 4 in the container 1 is so uniform that the flow is distributed evenly over the separating elements 11 . For this purpose, lines 20 are used , which can be designed and arranged in a variety of ways. The guide devices 20 are generally arranged in front of the separating elements 11 . Fig. 1 shows a baffle 21 , which extends from a housing wall 22 downwards, so that the flow of the liquid 4 according to the arrows 23 over the cross-sectional area of the container ver the separating elements 11 is supplied evenly. The liquid 4 flows through the spaces between the plates 12 of the separating elements 11 at a uniform speed and emerges from the spaces between the separating elements 11 in the end region of the container 1 in accordance with the arrows 24 and thus reaches the outlet 3 . Fig. 3 illustrates the training of the baffle 21 , which may be in the form of a downwardly tapering inlet baffle. The arrows 23 illustrate the uniform expansion of the core flow of the liquid 4 and thus the uniform application of the separating elements 11 .

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the compact plant, which in wide ranges with the embodiment of Fig. 1 corresponds to 3. However, the device for separating the floating and suspended substances 7 is designed as a rake 25 . It does not matter in what way the device for separating the floating and suspended matter 7 is designed, whether as a rake 25 , as a sieve screw 8 or as a screening plant or the like. It is only important that the floating and suspended matter separated and carried out separately by a device 10 . The design and arrangement of the separating elements 11 also corresponds to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1. However, a bundle of guide plates 26 is provided here as guide devices 20 , which have the design and arrangement recognizable from FIGS. 4 and 5. The baffles 26 ( FIG. 4) are initially angled in the direction of flow, so that the flow is divided according to the arrows 23 . Fig. 5 shows that the guide plates 26 extend horizontally in their central region at approximately the same distance a, at least facing the separating elements 11 . The guide plates 26 fan out in the edge regions, so that there is a comparatively greater distance b here. This special design and arrangement of the guide device 20 makes the core flow in the central region of the container more uniform, while the flow in the peripheral regions is favored in order to take on the same overall speeds across the cross section and through the separating elements 11 . The guide device 20 also includes a second baffle 27 , which is arranged after the separating elements 11 . It goes without saying that the baffle 27 could also be associated with the baffle 21 ( FIG. 1).

The embodiment of the compact system illustrated in FIG. 6 initially again has a rake 25 as a device for separating floating and suspended substances 7 , which is followed by the device 10 for discharging the floating and floating substances. The separating elements 11 in the form of the plates 12 are formed here in the same way as in the previously described embodiments. The guide device 20 , however, has a flow box 28 as an essential element, to which the baffle 21 can also be assigned. The second baffle 27 at the end of the separating elements 11 can also be provided. The flow box 28 extends, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, over the entire cross-sectional area of the container 1 including the lower region 14 . Referring to FIG. 7, the flow box a plurality of intersecting ribs 29, which the flow cross section mung paths into individual Strö divide through which the flow is fed to the separation elements 23 evened 11 according to the arrows. FIG. 8 illustrates a second embodiment of the flow box 28 , which has a multiplicity of through openings 30 , which likewise serves to make the flow of the liquid 4 through the separating elements 11 more uniform.

Fig. 9 shows a further embodiment of the compact system. The devices 7 and 10 are shown here only symbolically by a dash-dotted line. The guide devices 20 here consist of a large number of elements, which are partly pre-arranged, partly arranged downstream of the separating elements 11 . A deep-drawn diving wall 21 is again provided on the inlet side of the housing wall 22 . After the plates 12 of the separating elements 11 , a weir wall 31 is provided in association with a second baffle 27 so that the liquid speed behaves on the downstream side according to the arrows 24 .

In the embodiment of Fig. 10, the plates 11 of the separation inlet side connected by an orifice plate 32 12, comprising from FIG. 11 apparent cross-sectional configuration. This also makes it possible to even out the flow through the guide devices 20 .

The embodiment of the compact system shown in FIGS . 12 and 13 builds on the embodiments described above. A baffle 21 and a downstream baffle 27 are provided here as the guide device 20 . In the area of the separating elements 11 of the device for separating the sediments 16 , a device for collecting and removing grease 33 is also provided, which is arranged in the upper area of the separating elements 11 . The device 33 extends over the length of the separating elements 11 and somewhat further up to the downstream baffle 27 . The device 33 has a channel 34 into which the fat passes according to the arrows 35 and is discharged separately. A ventilation device 36 is also provided in the lower region of the container 1 , with which fine-bubble air is caused to flow out in the lower region 14 of the container 1 . This air serves to take the fat particles upwards and to feed them to the device 33 . The arranged in the lower region 14 of the container 1 or in the collecting space 15 means for discharging the sediments 17 is here provided with a Sandwascheinrich device 37 , with which water and air is conveyed through the sediments, so that a cleaning effect occurs such that the sediments are cleaned, while organic contaminants are supplied to the stream of liquid 4 .

Fig. 14 shows an embodiment in which the device 36 is substantially Belüftungsein elements the inlet region of the deposition assigned 11, namely a bundle of sheets 26 Leit. Accordingly, the device for collecting and discharging fat 33 is seen above this inlet area.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 15 of the compact system, the container 1 in its lower region 14 , which tapers conically, does not run horizontally, but rather rises in the conveying direction, so that the device 17 rises with its axis parallel to the device 7 and continuously is trained. The device 17 is also designed here as a screw conveyor 19 with a housing 18 . It is arranged in a swamp. The device for collecting and removing grease 33 is arranged and formed above the separating elements 11 . In the lower region of the separating elements 11 , a ventilation device 36 is accommodated, via which fine-bubble air is emitted in the region of the plates 12 of the device 16 .

In the embodiment according to FIG. 16, the plates 12 of the separator packs of the separating elements 11 are arranged in the co-current and counter-current, so that first the plates 12 and then the other plates 12 are flowed through. The ventilation device 36 is accommodated above the collecting space 15 , while the device for collecting and removing grease 33 is provided above the two packets of the separating elements 11 .

Figs. 17 to 19 illustrate various possibilities of execution of the separation. 11 Fig. 17, the arrangement and construction already described symbolizes a plurality of plates 12 to each other. Fig. 18 is deformed octagonal tubes 38 which are connected in the illustrated position relative to each other. Fig. 19 illustrates a single honeycomb 39 in a tubular shape, which are arranged so as to form the separation elements. 11

The further embodiment of the compact system shown in FIG. 20 corresponds in essential points with the compact systems according to FIGS. 1 and 4, which is why reference can be made to the description there. In contrast to this, the device for separating floating and suspended substances 7 consists here of a step rake 40 which has a fixed lamella lenpaket and a lamella package driven in a movement path and is thus suitable and intended for the separation and removal of the floating and floating substances. This step rake 40 extends across the width of the container 1 and thus allows the liquid 4 with the suspended matter therein. In the rear part of the container 1 , the separating elements 11 or plates 12 are arranged parallel and inclined to one another, as shown in FIG. 21. It goes without saying that the arrangement of the separating elements 11 can also be designed in this embodiment as shown in FIG. 2. The container 1 has a lower, conically tapering area 14 , in which a collecting space 15 is formed for the sediments, which are deposited along the plates 12 and enter the collecting space 15 by the influence of gravity. The separating elements 11 or plates 12 also form a device 16 for separating the suspended matter in connection with the area 14 of the container 1 and the collecting space 15 . In this lower area 14 , a device for discharging the sediments 17 is provided, which passes through the collecting space 15 .

It is important that the flow of the liquid 4 in the container 1 is evened out so that it is evenly distributed to the separating elements 11 in the container 1 . The guiding devices 20 in front of the separating elements 11 serve this purpose. Here the baffle 21 is combined with baffles 26 to effectively equalize the flow distribution on the plates 12 . The flow is divided and directed according to arrows 23 . It emerges at a uniform speed in the end region of the container 1 according to the arrows 24 between the plates 12 .

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

container

2

Intake

3

procedure

4

liquid

5

mirror

6

mirror

7

Facility

8th

Strainer

9

separation area

10

Facility

11

separating elements

12

plate

13

Longitudinal center plane

14

Area

15

plenum

16

Facility

17

Facility

18

casing

19

Auger

20

guide

21

baffle

22

housing wall

23

arrow

24

arrow

25

rake

26

baffle

27

baffle

28

flotation

29

web

30

Through opening

31

weir wall

32

orifice

33

Facility

34

gutter

35

arrow

36

aerator

37

Sand washer

38

pipe

39

honeycomb

40

Step Screen

Claims (10)

1. Compact system for the mechanical cleaning of liquids ( 4 ), in particular wastewater, with a container ( 1 ), which is seen with an inlet ( 2 ) and an outlet ( 3 ) for the liquid ( 4 ), with a the container ( 1 ) arranged device for separating floating and suspended matter ( 7 ) and a downstream device for separating suspended matter ( 16 ) from the liquid ( 4 ), and with devices for the separate discharge of floating and suspended matter ( 10 ) on the one hand and the sediments ( 17 ) on the other hand, the container ( 1 ) having a downwardly tapered collecting space ( 15 ) for the sediments, characterized in that in the loading container ( 1 ) between the device for separating floating - And suspended matter ( 7 ) and the device for separating sediments ( 16 ) the flow of the liquid ( 4 ) comparative guide devices ( 20 ) are provided that the one direction ng for separating the sediments ( 16 ) parallel to each other and / or angled in the container ( 1 ) arranged separating elements ( 11 ), and that the container ( 1 ) the conically tapering collecting space ( 15 ) for the sediments below the Has separating elements ( 11 ). 2. Compact system according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow of the liquid ( 4 ) comparative Leitein direction ( 20 ) a in front of the separating elements ( 11 ) arranged baffle ( 21 ) and / or a baffle arranged after the separating elements ( 27 ) having. 3. Compact system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flow of the liquid ( 4 ) comparative guide means ( 20 ) has a flow box ( 28 ) which, compared to the cross section of the container ( 1 ), a plurality of small, distributed arranged Has passage openings ( 30 ). 4. Compact system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the flow of the liquid ( 4 ) ver uniform guide device ( 20 ) has a throttle diaphragm ( 32 ) with a reduced inlet cross-section. 5. Compact system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the flow of the liquid ( 4 ) ver uniform guide device ( 20 ) has a plurality of guide plates ( 26 ) which are arranged in front of the separating elements ( 11 ) and passage cross-sections that enlarge outwards. 6. Compact system according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for the separate discharge of the floating and floating substances ( 10 ) as a computing or screening system ( 8 , 25 , 40 ) is formed. 7. Compact system according to claim 1, characterized in that as a device for the separate discharge of the sediments ( 17 ), a screw conveyor with a tubular housing ( 18 ), only one driven screw conveyor ( 19 ), a throwing funnel and a discharge point is provided, the Throw-in hopper of the screw conveyor device is arranged directly below the separating elements ( 11 ). 8. Compact system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the separating elements ( 11 ) are plate-shaped, tubular or honeycomb-shaped. 9. Compact system according to claim 1, characterized in that a device for collecting and removing grease ( 33 ) is provided in the container ( 1 ). 10. Compact system according to claim 1, characterized in that in the container ( 1 ) a ventilation device ( 36 ) is arranged, which is the flow of the liquid ( 4 ) comparative guide device ( 20 ) and / or the separating elements ( 11 ) assigned.