DE19846179B4 - Method and device for pretreating a textile yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

method for the pretreatment of a textile yarn, in which the in his Transported longitudinally Yarn on a length section radially from the outside short-term contactless a strong physical exposure is thereby characterized in that Yarn of the action of a steady electric plasma in shape an atmospheric plasma is suspended.

Description

The The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of Claim 1 and a device according to the preamble of the claim 4th

Lots Yarns are protruding from the surface at the surface fine hairs on, in some cases to cause problems during further processing of the yarns. Thus, e.g. Sewing threads that eye of a needle clog when the fine yarns settle in its area. Particularly unpleasant are peeling fine hairs, the in the course of the equipment textile fabric produced therewith Create lint that contributes to fluid management the equipment treatment burden and clog.

Around yarns have been singed for a long time in many cases, what as the oldest Procedure for exercising "a strong physical Action "on the yarn is to be considered.

Both Garnsengvorrichtungen becomes a running yarn by the flame of a fixed gas burner is passed. The "strong physical Action " Here in the effect of temperature in contact with the hot gases of Flames. There are quite different designs of burners For this Purpose, as the DE-PSs 160 312 or 438 826 show.

Early attempts were made to bring the Garnsengen not with an open flame, but by passing the yarn on electrically heated radiation bodies, as in the Sengvorrichtung after the DE 377 578 the case is.

A without an open gas flame electrically working Sengvorrichtung goes also from the DE 475 238 which shows a singeing device in which the strong physical impact is formed by electric sparks. The yarn is passed between a type of wire brush and a counter pole in the form of a metal plate, a metal roller or a second "wire brush". The sparks jump with appropriate voltage between the tips of the individual wires and the opposite pole. It should be unloaded in the shortest possible time a very large number of high-voltage sparks in the immediate vicinity of the Senggutes so that a complete burning of the existing fibers takes place.

Of the Invention is based on the object, the method and the devices to exercise a strong physical action on textile yarns.

These The object is achieved by the reproduced in claim 1 invention in their procedural aspect and solved by the invention reproduced in claim 4 in its device-related aspect.

The plasma according to the invention burns steadily, unlike the spark, and it gets through the yarn passed the plasma area. Due to the effect of temperature become the fine hairs on the surface preferably detected and evaporated or melted off. The plasma and the transport speed of the yarn are to be matched, thus the desired effect is achieved, but the core of the yarn is not affected by the plasma treatment significantly impaired becomes.

The However, reducing the hairiness of the yarn is just one aspect of the yarn Plasma treatment. Another significant effect is the modification of the surface and improvement of the dyeing and mechanical properties of a plasma atmosphere exposed Yarn. As the tests have shown, the yarn becomes stronger and stronger picks up the paint more easily, indicating some surface activation indicated by the plasma treatment.

The plasma is in the invention a so-called atmospheric plasma, which does not burn in an evacuated space (as in the EP 598 195 A1 , of the DE 33 12 307 C2 and the DE 33 12 432 C2 ), but is produced in a burner at atmospheric pressure and emerges from the burner against a workpiece.

Such a plasma torch taken by itself is in the EP 761 415 A2 described.

Of the size Advantage of such a plasma torch is working on the atmosphere, what represents a considerable relief and the technical effort for the Plasma treatment significantly reduced.

It can according to claims 2 and 5 the yarn along his transport route to several facilities for generating the Along the plasma become.

This Ensures sufficient exposure of the plasma to the surface without that single impact must be too strong and the inside of the yarn affected. The yarn has an opportunity between the individual plasma treatments, superficial to cool something down.

at an important embodiment In the invention, the yarn is a spun yarn carpet yarn.

For making tufted, woven, or knitted carpets are used in addition to natural fibers in larger quantities spun yarns (spun yarns) made of polyamide fibers (PA6, nylon nylon6.6 nylon) made of polypropylene, polyester or other chemical fibers and mixtures of such fibers. The staple fiber carpet yarns are spun from staple fibers, ie fibers of limited length.

Spun yarns have the advantage, among other things, that they stain well and evenly and the carpets made and dyed therefrom a smooth and steady Have goods image. Of great Disadvantage, however, is that these carpet yarns, whether they are made of natural Fibers or synthetic fibers, a strong hairiness have, i. that the Ends of the yarn forming individual fibers are not involved in the yarn but stand out from the yarn so that they are at a mechanical Attack separated from the yarn or pulled out of the yarn can: Such spun yarns are highly prone to linting.

This leads to strong lint deposits in the machines processing these yarns and plants that need to be cleaned accordingly, resulting in increased mechanical engineering Effort (filter systems, brushes, Sucking), if it should happen continuously, or but costly Plant shutdowns conditionally.

One Such lint and fiber removal occurs not only in the Manufacture and equipment Such carpets on, but even during their use, especially in the initial phase.

These Problems with staple fiber carpet yarns have in recent years led to the fact that the worldwide market share of staple fiber carpet yarns despite their economic and dyer Benefits annually reduced by a few percent and towards increased use of the filament yarns, which is the alternative to the staple fiber carpet yarns and not spun from individual thin staple fibers are, but from individual, each compact in itself from fine Nozzles extruded consist of endless plastic fibers, several of which are to be processed Twisted yarn. If necessary, several such hanks twisted into a thicker carpet yarn.

The Shifting to the filament yarns is done, although the filament yarns Disadvantages over have the spun yarns. They point though due to their construction not the lint problem described, but can be worse stain and do not have such good mechanical properties. You own e.g. a worse "Rücksprungvermögen" with temporary load. From the filament yarns produced and dyed carpets do not have one egales, restless, often striped goods. Mechanical loads such as. Footprints or bruises of objects or objects Furniture feet are after quitting the pressure is visible for a long time.

These circumstances were the occasion that it has been Decades of different efforts to promote the spider yarns that target the hairiness and thus reducing the lint. For example, fiber blends made in which in the base fibers other fibers with lower Melting point were displayed, then by means of a thermal Treatment to bind the protruding fine individual hairs to the yarn.

Also has already been tried through various chemical applications those leading to linting, To stick not firmly in the yarn bound single hair to the yarn, so to speak.

All previously tried procedures led not to the desired Success, namely the production of a economically producible, usable Saubergarns from spun staple fibers.

It was found that through a pretreatment according to the invention in particular spun-fiber carpet yarns in their equipment and performance characteristics can be significantly improved (claim 3).

Except several Means for generating the plasma in the longitudinal direction of the yarn in a row it is according to claim 6 also possible that several such facilities over the Scope of the yarn are arranged distributed so that the treatment over the Extent of the yarn is done more evenly.

In The drawings are typical devices for carrying out the inventive method indicated schematically.

1 and 2 show side views;

3 shows a view in the direction of the yarn.

In 1 becomes the yarn 1 transported in the direction of the arrow in its longitudinal direction by known means, for example by being guided with a certain longitudinal tension on correspondingly arranged rollers. At one point the yarn is running 1 on a fixed plasma torch 10 past. In the embodiment has the plasma torch 10 an approximately cylindrical housing 2 whose axis 3 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the yarn and the yarn axis intersects. From a nozzle-like mouth 4 the plasma burner 2 enters a plasma 5 from which a certain area of space 6 in front of the mouth 4 occupies. Through this room area 6 becomes the yarn 1 transported in its longitudinal direction and is during the short period of time in which it is the space area 6 happens, exposed to the superficial action of the plasma, thereby removing from the yarn 1 protruding fine hairs removed and the surface of the yarn 1 for subsequent equipment treatments. The plasma treatment takes place in the by the expansion of the space area in the longitudinal direction of the yarn 1 certain length of the yarn 1 instead, according to the yarn transport constantly along the yarn 1 relocated.

The device after 2 only differs from the one by 1 that three plasma torches 10 whose axes 3 lie in a common plane, are connected in series. The yarn 1 So experiences three times in a row, the action of the plasma 5 , where the surface is on the way of a plasma 5 to cool down to the next one easily.

In the embodiment according to 3 are three plasma torches 10 in the circumferential direction of the yarn offset by 120 against each other. The mouths 4 Do not touch each other, but leave a certain distance from each other, due to the expansion of the plasma region 6 is determined. The yarn 1 is according to 3 perpendicular to the plane through the center of the plasma region 6 transported through. The three plasma torches 10 can in a common, to the yarn 1 but vertical plane are also except in the circumferential direction in the longitudinal direction of the yarn 1 be staggered one behind the other.

That in the 2 and 3 three plasma torches each 10 are shown are only features of the embodiments.

The control of the plasma torch 10 depends on the transport speed of the yarn 1 and its physical and chemical properties. It must be done a vote such that a sufficient effect is achieved without the yarn is impaired inside.

Claims (6)

Process for the pretreatment of a textile yarn, in which the yarn transported in its longitudinal direction is momentarily subjected to a strong physical action on a longitudinal section radially from the outside, characterized in that the yarn is exposed to the action of a steady electric plasma in the form of an atmospheric plasma. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that this Yarn repeated on its transport path of exposure to the plasma is suspended. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that this Yarn is a staple fiber carpet yarn. Apparatus for pretreating a textile yarn ( 1 ), with means for transporting the yarn ( 1 ) in its longitudinal direction and with a device for exerting a strong physical action briefly non-contact radially from the outside to a longitudinal section of the yarn ( 1 ), characterized in that by means of the device ( 10 ) is a continuous plasma in the form of an atmospheric plasma plasma generated by the effective range ( 6 ) the yarn ( 1 ) is transportable. Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that a plurality of devices ( 10 . 10 , ...) for generating the plasma along the transport path of the yarn ( 1 ) are arranged one behind the other. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that a plurality of devices ( 10 . 10 , ...) for generating the plasma over the circumference of the yarn ( 1 ) are arranged distributed.