DE1948985A1 - Prefabricated building part and process for its manufacture - Google Patents

Description

Dipl.-Ing. Egon Prince Dr. Gertrud Hauser ^eoo ° Munich 60, * e ς _β0 Dipl.-ing. Gottfried Leiser Em, b.rg.r ... r «... i» £. * OBH.

Patent attorneys

Telegrammei Labyrinth Munich - Ί Π / Γι O O f-

Telephone: 83 15 10 "I v3 4 0 t) 0 O

Post balance account: Munich 117078 KOLBJOSH SAETHBR

934 Linden Avenue

Wilmette, Illinois / 7th St ₀ A ₀

Our reference: S 2525

Prefabricated building component and process for its manufacture.

The invention relates to a prefabricated building component and includes making or pouring concrete slabs, concrete slab structures, or concrete rib slabs on site on top of each other in the required total number, after which then the panels are lifted and permanently installed at the predetermined locations in the building «.

When creating buildings are reinforced or prestressed Concrete ceiling or concrete floor slabs are used and this technique is very largely developed, as is the case U.S. Patent Documents 2,686,420 and 2,720,017 show. In these Patent specifications describe that iron scaffolding girders are erected for the building and that concrete slabs are attached In place one on top of the other around these carriers and between these carriers are cast or manufactured, wherein Fastening tabs are fastened in the panels which are arranged around the carrier. Plate lifting devices are mounted at the upper end of the scaffolding beams, which. Have threaded tie rods extending downward and which are attached to successive sets of two or three plates that are raised one after the other

will be

000816/0428

1948S8S

■ That the uppermost records of the disks are temporarily supported, while the lower records in the corresponding Positions are raised and the following lower sets are permanently attached to the scaffold girders fastened that their fasteningalasohen in place fastened., The fastening straps serve as guides for the panels along the beams and as the means by which the panels are attached to these beams will",

The plate lifters. have hydraulic lifting devices which are mounted between a retaining bracket and a lifting bracket · The lifting devices raise their lifting brackets by predetermined steps, for example by a stroke of half an inch by means of a hydraulic pressure medium ο As a result, the lifting rods are raised by the retaining brackets «Retaining nuts run along the threaded rods along down on the retaining bracket while the lifting bracket is being lowered and the receiving nuts run along it the top extensions of the rods down onto the lifting bows and the cycle repeats. In this way the heavy weights of the panels are gradually increased Moved above for the details of the platen lifters and mechanical and hydraulic operation Reference is also made to U.S. Patent 2,758,467 for these devices.

One of the drawbacks of the previously known technique is there in the fact that it is necessary to erect the scaffolding girders for pouring or manufacturing the concrete slabs, with these girders are obviously obstacles preventing the use of fully automatic equipment but requiring a great deal of manual labor ^

There

Since the panels are mounted on these carriers, the Fastening tabs on the panels - fastened around the columns -be what a connection with the reinforcement will be required power and this results in restrictions on the arrangement of the reinforcing elements within of the plates

The construction elements known up to now lead to architectural restrictions and are very limited compared to the architectural design because of the arrangement of the scaffolding girders architectural difficulties because of the permanent arrangement of these scaffolding girders or columns ". In addition, the fire prevention regulations require that the steel girders are fireproof.

When using this permanent equipment carrier, the Assembly of the lifting devices directly on these carriers certain problems · The slender, unrestrained, tower-like Carriers have a certain risk of transverse instability and therefore there are significant limits on the weight and thus the number of panels on that can be raised. It was necessary that beam extensions be used to support the lifting devices from the top of the lower beam and around this lifting device on top of the extension beam put on after this extension beam on attached to the top of the lower beam «

All of the above-mentioned and other disadvantages of the known building components are duroh the invention Method and by the inventive

direction

003316/0423

direction and switched off by the component according to the invention. Floor panels are prefabricated on site, one on top of the other, and temporary iron lifting columns are mounted through aligned openings in the I-lat tens tape I. A holding carriage and a lifting carriage are arranged around each of the girders, threaded tension rods are with detachable tension rod sections coupled, correctly arranged opposite the plates and connected to them: ₀ lifting devices, which are mounted on the lifting carriage, actuate the tension rods around the entire stack of plates

' to be lifted to a height that is close to the final height of the bottom plate of the stack o The stack of plates is held by the holding carriage until the lifting carriage is raised to a further lifting height. The lowest panel in the stack is temporarily held in its highest position and is released by the lifting pull rods so that the remaining panels can be lifted to form the final support for the lowermost panel, which is then lowered onto these supports and released from the temporary supports after all panels have been installed

), the lifting device is removed for reuse About the handling and arrangement of the equipment To facilitate this, one or more lever devices can be mounted on the top plate.

An essential aim of the invention is to prefabricate a new one To create building component, with the lifting of the panels into their final position along temporarily arranged beams.

Another object of the invention is to provide a new and "improved method for producing prefabricated concrete

.building share

OÖ§Ö16 / 0420 _BAD

_ 5 -

to create components, in which roof, ceiling and floor panels v / grounded on the spot gate-built, namely a above the other, and in which all these plates are raised at once, the successive lower ones Disks are released, in accordance with the Progress of construction "

Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved method for constructing buildings from prefabricated parts, wherein a stack of prefabricated panels is lifted and the respective bottom panels are successively mounted in a load-bearing manner on sub-components below the raised panels are erected _e

It is still an object of the invention to find new and improved To create prefabricated building components, with prefabricated ceiling panels being raised and attached directly to prefabricated ones Wall support components are mounted ο

Another object of the invention is to provide a new device for the installation of prefabricated building components.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a new method and To create a new device for the load-bearing assembly of columns or girders on supporting components.

Further objects, features, and advantages of the invention are set forth in the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention will be explained. Show it:

Figo 1 is a partial plan view of a stack of prefabricated Building ceiling panels during the pouring process these plates,

Fig. 2

00 * 016/0426

- ο -

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of Fig. 1,

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view similar to FIG. 2, but showing shows a modification of the plate making technique and also various additional details ten represents

Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the arrangement for the Tacking a stack of horizontal floor and ceiling panels,

Fig. 5 is a similar sectional view showing an arrangement shows in order to double the lifting capacity compared to the arrangement shown in Fig. 4,

6 is an enlarged side view, seen in the plane of the line VI-YI of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG. 6;

8 is an enlarged sectional view of a nut shown in FIG the lifting device is used,

Fig. 9 is a sectional view showing the manner in which a horizontal plate is handled is, which is dispensed on its carrier after it has been lifted and from the underside of the The stack has been lowered,

Fig. 10 is a side view seen in the plane of the line X-X. Of Fig. 9,

11 shows a perspective illustration of a bracket which is used in the plate handling device shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is used,

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a support bracket, which is used in the handling device shown in FIGS. 9 and 10,

Fig. 13

089 * 16/042 &

D ¹ ICo 13 a see mat ishe representation that illustrates various features and process stages that are used "in the construction of a building according to the invention,

Pig ο 14 a schematic · top view showing the design shows a typical floor slab, and also the arrangement of angled wall supports or columns,

Pig.15 a perspective view of a prefabricated angle Iwandungs sluggish rs "when building,

]? igo16 is a partial top view showing the arrangement of the pouring inserts and the washers for the wall supports illustrates

FIG _o 17 is a sectional view taken along the line XVII-XVII of FIG. 16,

18 a perspective illustration of an angle wall support from steel,

19 is a partial sectional view showing the installation of the steel frame girders illustrates

Figure 20 is an enlarged "plan view" of one shape of the pouring insert ,

Figc21 is a similar plan view of another form of the Pouring insert,

Figo22 is a schematic side view of a pouring insert with a ventilation plate,

Figure 23 is a plan view of another mold insert assembly and

Figure 24 is a partial cross-sectional view of an assembly including the casting assembly; of Fig. 23 taken along line XXIV-XXIV of Fig. 23-

According to

816/0428

According to the invention, horizontal floor and ceiling panels Cast in place - one over the another within an area that. completely free from Carriers is so that these plates are cast and finished by means of a mechanical device can with a device to cover concrete slabs xmd these in sections or in a similar way to pour, after which these concrete slabs are then attached to the installation site transported v / earth.

ψ This is carried out without load-bearing columns "being erected in the area of the building * For this purpose a stack of concrete slabs 25 (Figo 1 and Figo 2) are cast one after the other, on the spot, on a base plate 27. This base plate essentially has the A foundation 28 is provided below the plate 27 at a suitable location to create a base for the temporarily used lifting column, which is to be described above the foundation desired locations, recesses 29 of corresponding dimensions to accommodate the heavier steel foundation plates 30. Each of these

Plate is supported on elastomeric cast seals 31 ". Girder anchor bolts 32 extend from the foundation through holes 33 in plate 30 and take the foot of one Carrier on o

If each of the panels 25 are cast sequentially, sfnd Provision has been made to include a plate lifter. Before the first plate 25 is placed on the base plate 27, a release agent is applied to the surface of the Plate 27 abandoned. With such a release agent each upper side of a subsequent plate is coated so that

' ^alIe

0Ö9Ö16 / OA28

- y -

all plates 25 are separable from one another. It should be noted that corresponding edge or corner shapes are also used " will.

Since, according to the invention, the plates 25 are not on common Brackets are mounted, the 'need for mounting tabs and lift eyes in the plates, as is the case with the usual plates of the Pail, completely switched off Instead, each of the panels 25 has an opening 34 equipped for a temporary lifting column, whereby these openings 34 are aligned with the recess 29 'in the base plate, and these openings in all panels of the stack being aligned with one another. “This makes the arrangement quite significant the reinforcements (not shown) in the panels improved

If, as shown, the opening "34» "has a smaller horizontal The cross-section has, as the recess 29, detachable sensing pieces made of rigid plastic, as shown foam can be used, for example from a material which is commercially available under the name Styrofam is available. These. Fühlst & oke 35 can be placed on the base plate 30 are placed in the area in which ■ the lowest plate 25 overhangs in order to maintain the plate thickness and to make the recess accessible, so that then the base plate 30 can be removed, after which this recess can be poured to to be used for any other purpose if so desired *

In order to form the openings 34 during the casting and during the finishing of each of the plates 25, a box-shaped core shape 37 with a flat top is provided, which is mounted at a height for each of the plates 25

will,

Q09816 / CU28

where it is flush with the top plane of the panel concludes that is to be poured, ao that this core as Thickness gauge can be used »Such an arrangement of the Core shape 37 is preferably achieved in that it is carried by means of radially extending Speidsnarme 38 is on the upper ends of internally threaded coupling sleeves 39 »which on the upper end portions is screwed on by G-ewinäestäben 40 ο These are supported on spacer sleeves 41, which in turn rest on lifting plates 42 that are flush within the surface of the underlying plate and which are mounted on the associated rod 40 under the bottom of the plates 25 the lifting plate 42 is mounted in a recess in the surface of the base plate 27, with these corresponding recesses 43, which has the lowermost end sections of the adjacent rods 40 and a fastening nut 44

by
which the adjacent plate 42 is attached to the rod. Before casting each plate 25, a core plate 45 at the outer end of each of the cross arms 38 is aligned with a coupling 39 of one of the four upwardly extending rods 40, one downwardly extending projection 47 is engaged in the socket formed by the upper portion of the coupling sleeve ₀ a leveling, spider is carried out in a simple way by a rotation of the respective clutches. 39 Each of the core plates 45 has the same dimensions as the lifting plates 42, so that after the plate has been tied off and the cross arm is removed by lifting it by means of a lifting device 48 which is fastened in a slot 49 in the lid of the molding box 37 is, a recess is formed in the surfaces of each plate 25, which is used to receive the lifting plates 42.

When pouring and finishing the panels instead of using

one

009816/0428

a device in the manner of producing a road surface is carried out with a so-called conveyor bridge device, longer tension rod sections 50 (Fig <> 3) replace the individual plate length sections 40 and on in this way - the number of furnishings is reduced, that must be handled. For example, section 50 may be of such a length that these four Board thickness can accommodate «If the longer sections 50 used throw, the coupling sleeves 39 only need be provided at the connection points, while the nuts 44 can be used on all other lifting plates 42 «. A maximum upward extension of about three feet is permissible for the rod sections 50 for a conveyor bridge plate caster. When the rods 50 are used, the mandrel 37 can have openings in the plates 45 have which accommodate these rods, instead of anaute 47 being provided, as previously described ο

After all panels 25 for a specific building section are manufactured "nd are ready for installation, doh. after the top plate of the stack has solidified sufficiently, a temporarily used rigid lifting column 52, a Η-beam preferably, inserted through the openings 34. A base plate 52, which is attached to the lower end of the Support 51 is attached, is attached to the top of the base "plate 30 by means of the bolts 32 on the Nuts 53 are screwed on. These nuts are used with suitable tools, such as magnetic wrenches, dressed. These mutually abutting surfaces of the base plate 30 and the foot plate 50 are in a corresponding manner Machined in a way to achieve a continuous bearing or step contact. Since the base plate is 30 in the elastomeric covering 31 is mounted oscillating, is the full bearing contact between the plates is ensured,

if

0 09816 / 04IS

- 12 - ■ ■ ■ -. / ■

when the carrier 31 is set exactly perpendicular and in this setting is maintained, for example by wedges 54 which are inserted between the support 51 and the edge of the uppermost opening 34. This is possible because these openings have a larger cross-section than the carrier, so that a corresponding clearance around this carrier is created around «After the beam is fixed in this vertical orientation, casting material is in the room Cast under the base plate 30 in the seal 31 and supports the support on the foundation 28. The filling of the Casting material can be made via a pouring pipe 55, which the casting material via a bore 57 in the edge of the base plate 30 gives =.

After the casting material has set under the girder 51 to the point of load resistance, the stack of panels 25 can be lifted as a unit, upwards along the girder Projectile takes place with great efficiency, the use of very slim and laterally unsupported ^r beams is avoided. It is not necessary to let lifting rods protrude downwards in order to reach stacks of panels under previously lifted panels o Furthermore, it is not necessary to dismantle lifting devices from the heads of the carriers in order to mount carrier extensions essentially constructed or divided into storey sections ^ and these beams are approximately eight feet and eight inches long and can be bolted together. Each support section 51 has at its upper end a cap plate 58 (FIGS. 6 and 7) which receives the footplate 52 of the support section above it and carries it by means of screw bolts 59, by which the plates are fastened to one another. Ea be noted

009816 / OÄ28

notes that as many carrier sections as necessary are provided to handle the set of plates to be lifted. Initially, a slide 60 is arranged at the lower end section of the second carrier section, on which two hydraulic lifting devices 61 are mounted in a balanced position, as is shown schematically in FIGS. 4 and 7. With respect to the details of construction and the operation of the devices is "refer to US Patent No. 2,758,467 It should be noted, however, that each lifting assembly comprises a Haitebügel 62, on which a hydraulically operated lifting device 63 is mounted, which carries a lift bracket 64 _o through the aligned outer end portions of the two brackets 62 and 64 extend freely, the G-ewindehubstäbe 65 therethrough, are secured to the plates which are to be lifted _o on these bars are support nuts screwed 67 above the bracket 62 and Hubmuttern 68, above the Bracket 64 ο An actuation of the lifting device 64 causes the bracket 64 to be raised gradually, for example in a typical! Tallin steps of about half an inch and in such a way that the lifting nuts 68, which were previously moved down on the bracket 64 by means of a drive element 69, a similar lifting of the lifting rods 65 cause ₀ Then the retaining nuts run 67 down onto the retaining bracket 62, for example by means of a drive chain 70 »This lifting cycle is repeated until the lifting rods 65 have lifted the plates by the desired distance.

To support the lifting devices 61 so that the column absorbs the lifting load in a balanced manner, the carriage 60 has a stable steel space, the opposite has parallel side plates extending a substantial length beyond the post 61 and which are slidable against the side flanges of the beam.

lie .

009816/0428

- 'between these side plates .71 extend Winkeleisenq.uerstreb.en 72, the at opposite end sections these side plates are attached and these angle iron struts 72 form angled inward and downward facing seats, against which complementary upper ends of arms 73 press, the lower ends of which are complementary to an upwardly and outwardly facing seat or an upwardly and outwardly facing shoulder are formed, the is formed by the web of the carrier 51 and the upper end of a shoulder plate 74, which is attached to the web "

In order to allow a slight displacement of the carriage 60 by a support portion to the other support portion, - the arms are pivoted 75 i ^m generally to the carriage. The articulation takes place in such a way that a complete sliding fit of the upper end of the arms is enabled in their ■ load-carrying position, while a relative free pivoting of the arms into the load-engagement position and out of the load-engagement position with the carriage and the carrier seats is made possible, if the carriage is moved along the carriera To this end, each arm 73 has near its upper end aligned pivot pins 75 which extend laterally and which are received by arched slots 77 in the carriage sides 71 which are dimensioned such that a Pivoting the support arms downwards and outwards is possible, as shown in dashed lines in FIG. 7, in order to release the associated carrier. In order to facilitate the return and to simplify the maintenance of the shoulder seat engagement against the wearer, the storage arms preferably have prestressing devices which normally pivot them inward. In the illustrated embodiment, the arms have a counterweight 78 which is attached to a lever arm 79 the same from the upper end of the Verapeichungs-

arma

009816/0428

arm extended outward

In operation, the slide 60 is mounted on the column and 'is initially carried by the seat shoulders of the second column section. Alle.vier lifting rods 65 are on their lower ends by means of coupling sleeves 80 (Fig. 3) with internal threads connected to the upper ends of the rods which are mounted on the plates 25. When the retaining nuts of the retaining bracket 72 are released, and when the lifting nuts 68 are moved down firmly against the lifting bracket 64-, the Lifting device 63 together with all other lifting devices, which are similarly arranged, actuated until the stack of plates is raised to the maximum height allowed by the initial adjustment of the carriage 60. In Pig. 4 is a schematic of the initial phase of the lifting of the Plate stack shown and it is the lifting phase by the fully extended and dashed layers "" illustrates.

So that the lifting carriage 60 in the next higher position on the carrier can be brought and is released from the stack of plates keep the stack of panels immobile for a while, while the lifting carriage is raised to the next higher position- «For this purpose there are holding devices provided on each of the carriers and these.include corresponding Holding carriage 81, in all essential things correspond to the lifting carriage 60 and can be exchanged for this. Because the lifting and holding carriages are here as identical As illustrated and described, the same reference numerals are used for the elements of the carriage. 81 in Fig. 7 is used as for the elements of the carriage 60 and it should be noted that the description of the Aufhaus and the Functioning of the elements is also the same “Since the Holding carriage 81 only holds the plate stack in the meantime must hold while the sled is in new positions

009816/0428

If the lungs are raised, the holding chutes can free themselves sitting or sliding on the stack "until the appropriate intermediate holding positions are reached" Vfie Pig. 4 shows the retaining sole 81 is in place arranged around the carrier 51 and is supported on the stack of plates from "The holding carriage supports aioh" preferably on the blocks 82 in order to have a clearance for the downwardly extending holding arms 73 available have ·, "When the stack of plates is lifted, the Support arms 73 of the holding carriage 81 freely along the Move the web of the adjacent carrier 51 »When the stack of panels is raised as far as is possible by the arrangement of the lifting carriage 60 without its conversion the holding carriage 81 is brought into an aligned position opposite the upwardly facing shoulder, which is brought about by the footplate 52 of the next carrier is formed. To turn off that the stack must be raised too far, and then that the stack and the hold pour down into the hold position must be moved, the hold on others Manner, for example in a manual manner upward relative to the lifting rods 65 are raised until the support arms automatically into the sitting position on the buttplate shoulder snap into place under the action of the counterweights. Then when the carriage 81 is in its holding position on Carrier is carried, the retaining nuts 83 on the lifting rods 65 down into firm contact with the retaining bracket 84 moved, which are carried by the retaining sole. In this way, the weight of the stack of plates is reduced by the Holding chutes 81 added. This will make the lifting platform 60 'exposed to this up along the carrier and to move upwardly relative to the upwardly extending portions of the lift rods 65, thereby Lifting rods 65 have been raised to a sufficient height to be detected again at the next higher setting of the lifting sole center.

Around

009-816 / 0428

In order to facilitate the release of the lifting carriage from the lifting rods in any case, the retaining nuts 67 and the lift nuts 68 are preferably constructed so that they can be released from the rods to prevent that they have to be rotated in order to follow them on the poles to screw up, although such an upward screw can also be carried out «In a normal construction, all nuts are constructed as shown in Fig. 8 is shown. Each mother can choose from a pair of complementary Nut sections 85 exist, which is practically a split nut »It is the usual hexagon nuts that are cut in half. ”In operation, a complementary steel screen surrounds it 87 the nut section and keep it in thread engagement with the assigned lifting rod <> at the upper end A toothed collar 88 is provided on the screen, which is in drive connection with an associated drive chain ο If the slide 60 is to be readjusted, the corresponding nut shields 87 are thus removed from the assigned ones Nuts lifted off and the nut sections 85 are removed from the associated rods 85 after the carriage 60 is readjusted, the nut assemblies are reassembled for further operation can be done. Since the split nut facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the nuts on the Hubatangen, can also the retaining nuts 88 which are attached to the retaining carriages 81 are intended to be constructed in the same way «

After the lifting carriage 60 is set to the next operating height the lifting cycle of the plate stack can be repeated and the bottom plate 25 in the stack is in raised to a position from which they are at the desired height of the building can be delivered. For this purpose, the bottom plate in the stack is raised to an elevated position, in which the underside is sufficiently high,

009816 / 0428-

to create a free space under this plate and above the foundation or the next lowest slab = this makes it possible to have load-bearing wall girders to build on the lower plate. Then the elevated plate is raised on the load-bearing building. . part, which was installed under this plate, while the plate was held in the raised position became. -

Although the use of two lifters 61 on each "Carrier makes it possible to double the load compared to a single one Lifting devices can be used to lift lifting devices on each carrier be provided in order to double the load of the plates to be lifted again. For this purpose, the in Figo 5 shown device are used in the in addition to the lifting carriage 60 and the two lifting devices 61 carried by the lifting carriage, and the four lifting rods 65 actuated, a second, and in this Pail longer lifting base 89 can be provided, to work in tandem with the slide 60 »A A pair of lifting devices 90 mounted on the carriage 89 have lifting rods 91 extending downward therefrom } extend and which are fastened in the upper section of the stack of plates 25 .. It can be the same Number of plates act, as in the lower section of the stack, with which the lifting devices 61 via their lifting rods 65 are connected 81 have essentially the same length as the lifting platform 89 and can have four retaining brackets 84 'and have associated retaining nuts to all lift rods and 91.

To support each plate 25 when it reaches its delivery position, a reusable device is on

each

_ ₁₉ _ 19A8985

each of the supports 51 is provided to support the plate in a stress-free manner. One contemplated construction of such a device includes a three-piece assembly 92 (Figs. 9, 12) which is arranged and thawed for mounting on the shoulder formed by the flange plate 52 of the adjacent beam section connection and further within To this end, the device 92 includes a generally U-shaped bracket 93 which has downwardly and outwardly extending edge projections 94 and a head 95 which extends inwardly at the upper end portion and against which a piston 97 of a hydraulic cylinder 98 can rest from below and which sits on its support shoulder of the SHxßflans chlagerf lank 52. A slidable bearing guide is formed by a U-profile component 99, which .at the lower ends of its vertical legs on the footplate shoulder ^{1 <4} R holder 93 slidably receives, with a fr eier space is available to perform a vertical movement of the support bracket 93 by means of the cylinder 98 ..,

The structure and arrangement of the device 92 is such that it can easily be installed from below under the plate 25, which has been brought into the highest position, as shown in dashed lines in ligo 9. For this purpose, the U-shaped Component 99 first brought upright into its position. The support bracket 93 is then brought upright into its position within the U-shaped component 99 and held in place while the cylinder 98 is brought into its operating position with the working piston 97 lying under the head 95. Buffers 100, which can consist of an elastomeric material, can preferably be attached between the support lugs 94 and the underside of the plate 25. It can be seen that for an operation with maxi painter

009816/0423

1348985

painter stability and with "'tension-free' two sentences of Disk handlers 92 are associated with each carrier. Suitable hydraulic controls are for operation of the working cylinder 98 and can have a manual pumping and draining device for each working piston pair » The structure can also be such that the Hydraulic cylinders connected to each other on all girders for simultaneous operation. Initially the working pistons 98 actuated, to a lifting force on the detected Exercise plate 25, which allows the. Plate of the

»To release lifting rods 65 or 91 by the fact that the lifting plates 42 are released from under the plate which is now supported by the brackets 93. Then the Remainder of the stack of plates 25 are raised above the detached plate, 'so that the now below-lying plat -.- ■ . te can be submitted. In the meantime, the carrier assembly erected under the stationary plate 25, while the remaining plates continue to rise be moved.

In that the entire stack of floor and ceiling tiles is raised, and that a free space under the lowest Plate is in place to build a carrier once this plate has assumed its raised position because this raised position is about 6 inches above the final one Position in the building can be, the work can be done on the ground directly below this bottom plate and continued without interruption while the support device 92 used at times is arranged on the carrier is «The plate is released from the bottom of the stack and the lifting of the rest of the stack continues. This automatically leads to an extremely quick arrangement of the prefabricated load-bearing wall supports 101 on the floor slabs or on the foundation

below

009 816 / 042S

entertains! the raised plate. D ana oh this plate is lowered on the wall support 101, namely by the fact that the hydraulic pistons 97 are retracted. The lowering takes place in the position which is shown in Mg ₀ 9 with full lines. In this manner, when the plate load is transferred from the working pistons 98 to the load bearing member, the devices 92 can be removed for reuse. Such a decrease takes place in a simple manner in that the U-profile components 99 are removed upwards and that the brackets 93 are pivoted out of their lower unloaded position, which is shown in phantom in FIG. 9, in order to get the support lugs 94 free, the pivoting into the vertical U-profiles of the carrier takes place and. these lugs can then bypass this plate when the bracket is pulled out upwards. After this, the working piston 98 can also be pulled out upwards for reuse (Figo 13) which can consist of hardwood, are driven between the lifting beams 51 and the inserted horizontal plates 25 in order to achieve a transverse stability of this lifting beam, whereby the great inherent stability of the building is used, of which the inserted plate is now a part.

Around the installation of the prefabricated load-bearing wall support To simplify matters, a crane placed on the ground at the construction site can be used ”. Because the great stability and the great load capacity of the facilities To lift the stack of panels 25, however, a crane 103 can also be mounted on the topmost panel 25 v / earth, for example by having this crane on this

plate

009816/0421

Plate is screwed tight. The floor area around the construction site around is therefore free for other purposes and the crane assembled in this way is always available to lift materials, including the wall brackets' 101 in each floor.

On the floor where the Igandung support 101 is installed are to be, lift trucks can be used to bring these wall supports to their installation sites, ·

The fact that prefabricated, load-bearing wall girders ' 401 are used, which have an angular shape, (Fig-14), these can be used firmly and stably without a temporary support or connection _{having to be used o} after these girders between the plates above and are cast underneath, these form shear-resistant walls in two directions and make the structure transversely stable ο These angled wall supports form a moment-stiff connection for all panels, including in the outer corners of the panels. This connection is achieved with such a small reduction in the vertical load-bearing capacity of these girders. This is achieved in that no bending occurs along a weakened axis in any of these wall pillars. The moment-stiff connection along the outer walls enables simple design of the panels and reduces harmful deflections of the panels and panel edges compared to the usual beam-supported panels when the horizontal panels are supported by beams that extend through these panels As has been customary up to now, these plates are exposed to very large peak moments on these supports and these peak moments determine, to a very considerable extent, the choice of the required plate thickness and the amount of Veratärkuiiga- used in the plates.

atahlea

009816 / 0Λ2Θ

staliles. In the case of prestressed plates, these conditions are even more significant because it is necessary to design the same steel rod negative and positive bending zones from one edge of the plate Ms to the opposite one. Because the angled, prefabricated wall supports according to the invention are used, negative peak moments are created very considerably reduced and this leads to a saving in material and labor ο Another major advantage of the angular load-bearing wall support is that your safety is significantly improved and increased, especially when these supports are made of precast concrete Compared to the usual steel girders "Usual arrangements of these angled wall girders 101 are shown schematically in Pig" 14 on a large plate 25 and the great versatility of the construction method is illustrated here with regard to the great architectural design variation h of the floor plan and the wall is clearly recognizable <> Outer walls, Treiinwandungen and the like and Pahratuhl shafts 104, stair shafts 105 and useful openings 10? and the like in the ground can be produced very painfully ”. The arrangement of the opening 34 for temporary scaffolding girders in the plate can be done in such a way that it is coordinated with the arrangement of the wall girders 101, whereby a tension-free lifting and handling of the plates can still be achieved in the manner described.

Around a uniformly distributed load bearing support To achieve the wall column 101 in any case is one Three-point pin construction column formed, with the same working methods can be used, which was described in the! Foundation of the carrier 51.

For this purpose, as shown in Pig »15, 16 and 17, elastomeric seals 108 are provided which have a

Ra around

009816/0428

-24 - 19A8985

Limit the space in which the potting material is injected and these seals are preferably on between the ends of the pillars and the opposing plates 25 three places provided, namely next to the opposite Ends of the legs and 'at the intersection of the legs. Compensating washers 109 are made of lead disposed between the column edges and the plates outside of the pouring inserts 108. Such disks have a Thickness sufficiently less than that Thickness of the casting inserts 108, so that a sufficient sealing pressure aiif these inserts can be exercised, preventing these pouring inserts from being over a thickness are also compressed, where they can still accommodate potting material. The potting material is then in the surfaces inside the casting inserts are introduced under pressure to achieve a desired density and load-bearing capacity Reaching sprues »Remaining gaps between the ends the carrier 101 and the plates 25 can then be filled in or be smeared »'" .. _.

Instead of prefabricated, reinforced concrete components for the To use wall supports, prefabricated, angled wall supports 110 made of metal can be used. In a typical construction, this wall support has 115 three substantially identical vertical beams with an H-profile, which are rigidly connected to one another in the predetermined arrangement by horizontal struts 112 and diagonal Stiffeners 113 are connected. On the ends of the beams 111, flat bearing flange plates 114- are attached. When assembling this metal frame, mounting brackets 110 are required Cast inserts 115 made of elastomeric material between the bearing plates 114 and metal bearing plates 117 used on the opposite faces of the base plate 25 are fitted ο Appropriate spacers 118 are preferably between the carriers 110, namely 'in.

".; ■ within

00 9816 / ÖÄ2 8 '

within the areas bounded by the cast in etch en 115 " and the plate 25 inserted, if this is desired, or another load-bearing surface, by a desired depth of the casting space within the Casting inserts 115 to maintain laughs installing the Floor plates and the metal frame wall support can be any desired wall covering 119 on the girders or over the Brackets are attached and over the exposed edges of panels 25.

When inserting the potting material into the areas determined by the seals under the support base and between the wall supports and the plate surfaces are not only devices for injecting the potting material but also required facilities to deflate air and water to prevent the formation of pockets or Avoid imperfections In an embodiment like them is shown in Fig. 20 is made of an elastomer Material existing pouring insert seal G an angle ring, by which a rectangular space is enclosed, or a square room and in one corner of this seal a coating opening 120 may be provided which is designed with a semi-rigid but elastic reinforcement to prevent this opening under Pressure is compressed »A feed hose 122 opens through this feed opening and is attached to the seal is attached and which is in communication with a potting material low pressure pump. From at least one of the remaining Corners of the gasket extend outwardly with vents, the flues 123 having small diameters include after assembly is complete and the seal a limited assembly pressure between the Components that are connected to one another are pressed together is, the potting material is through the hose sole

122

009816/0426

122 is injected "until the liquid components of this potting material emerge from the discharge pipes 123, whereby these pipes can then be squeezed or clamped off, for example by means of a corresponding clamp 124 a clamp 125 to prevent the liquid potting material from escaping »After the potting material has set, the hose 122 can be cut off close to the seal G- W ", as indicated by S »

In another arrangement, which is described in Pig. 21, the feed tube 122 may be within the reinforcement liner 121 and may have a pressure bladder 127 When the area inside the seal is filled with potting material and when a back pressure develops, so the bladder 127 expands, as it is shown in phantom, and since this bladder is made of an elastomer Material, the elasticity keeps the potting material under pressure while it sets The feed tube is squeezed off by means of a clip 125 which is attached to the feed tube upstream of the bladder 127 This pressure is also maintained. As an alternative to the flue pipes, the seal G- can be equipped with flue grooves 128 which extend over the corner areas extend on at least one side of the seal from the inside to the outside and which are flat enough so that although water and air may leak, they will become clogged when the potting material enters these grooves, so that self-sealing is achieved after air and water are removed from the grit area.

If desired, flue channel openings are lined up

009816/0428

to obtain and that although the gasket is exposed to considerable drukken that might otherwise shut off these seal grooves, so _r can be used in the Pig, shown Ausführunga- 22 'form which has a slot plate 129, the "rigid made of a rigid plastic or halt s or made of metal and which has siphon grooves 130 on its exposed surface. The opposite surface rests against the gasket and can be pressed into this gasket The plate 129 can be chamfered on the sides, as shown, in order to prevent the seal from cutting in when pressure is applied.

If it is desired not only to achieve uniform support through the potting point, but also moments are to be transferred, devices can be provided to the potting material in the manner of a wedge such an arrangement is in! ig. 23 and 24, the seal enclosing an area in which one of the components has a distribution recess 131. To this distribution recess leads a pouring line 132 from the outside and this is connected to a feed hose 133. From the other component A wedge projection 134 extends into the recess 131. Such a way that when potting material is in the space around the wedge around and into the area covered by that Seal is enclosed, the wedge is also tied, whereby the components are locked against lateral displacement are »Additional wedge devices can be attached to the Baitteile be provided, with a sleeve or with core bores 135 are provided, in which a pin 137 of smaller diameter is arrangedc the potting material flows into these bores, around this pin, so that a

fixed

009816/0428

_ 28-19A8985

firmly wedged build-up is achieved preferably done by means of drainage channels 138, the run through one or more of the components to the outside, - these channels being a result of their length close themselves »These channels close because the casting material has these small openings clogged ». Similar drainage ducts 139 can from the upper Continue the ends of the bores 135 »Palis desired, can One or the other of the feed lines 133 or both feed lines can be equipped with pressure bladders 127. * One or the other or both feed lines can be clamped by means of the clamps 125 if so desired is to prevent leakage of the potting material.

The seals G- can be made from any suitable elastomeric material Material such as neoprene. About the arrangement and mounting of the pouring insert seals During the handling of the components and their installation, these sealing rings can be placed on the Surface to which they are first mounted «, if, for example, these seals on a If they are mounted on a smooth surface, they can be glued onto it in the desired position «. If but the seals / should be mounted on wall supports, so these can also be glued to these wall supports «When the seals are applied to the component, the seals can be provided with a Druok-sensitive adhesive on one surface and with a suitable protective layer, which is removed before the seals are applied. This can be known accordingly Techniques in the field of components coated with pressure-sensitive adhesives are carried out.

After all the prefabricated panels are raised to their final position

Ö09816 / 0428

are, and are deposited on their carriers, all stabilizing parts and accessories that are used during the lift, insertJBIioh of the lifting devices, the hula and retaining soles, the lifting rods, the retaining rods, the couplings, the lifting plates, the lifting nuts and the intermediate brackets and the lifting beam and the base plate from the G-ebäude removed, and this (parts -can be used at another building site again _o

It should be noted that numerous modifications can be made which are within the scope of the invention.

Pat entana prahe

009818/0428

Claims (1)

T. A method for erecting a structure, characterized in that that a horizontal plate is prefabricated on a base supported by the ground, which has a length and has a width -which essentially covers the entire building area covered that in the plate a number of openings for lifting girders are provided that lifting girders carried by the ground are built in these openings that lifting devices are mounted on these carriers be that the device is operated so as to raise this plate along the carrier until this Plate reaches the predetermined height above the base has that a component is arranged below the plate to support this at this height and that the plate is released is to be completely carried by this component and that the devices and the carriers are removed be o 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the predetermined height is excessive compared to the room height of the building and that releasing the plate is a filing the plate on this elevated position includes down on the component. " 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that said component is prefabricated and that this component is daduroh is installed so that it is moved to its end position under the plate, 4 «The method according to claim 2, characterized in that this Components in the form of a number of angled wall girders prefabricated v / earth and that these wall supports are built in that they are in a load bearing position under the plate o 5. 0 09816/042 Method according to claim 2, characterized in that these components in the form of a number of load-taking ■ Carrier units are prefabricated, the opposite End position obe-rf laugh that these units at predetermined locations are arranged under the plate and that at least between the bearing surfaces of this Units facing the plate, devices are arranged to create a balanced load-bearing relationship between the units and the plate. 6, method according to claim 2, characterized in that these components consist of a number of load-bearing support units prefabricated .be, the opposite end bearing surface that these units at the desired Positions are arranged under the plate that retaining seals between the bearing surfaces and the plate are arranged so that the plate is lowered onto these seals that the spaces between the Plate and the bearing surfaces within the seals are filled with a potting material to ensure a stable and to ensure effective load distribution on the girders » 7ο method according to claim 6, characterized in that load-bearing washers between the bearing surfaces and the ceilings to prevent compression of these seals ^ 8e method according to claim 1, characterized in that Mounting base plates are arranged under the beams and that a potting material is introduced under these base plates in order to achieve a balanced vertical load distribution to reach· 9ο method according to claim 8, characterized in that the base plates assembled from potting influence seals will 009816/04 28 that the same are mounted on these base plates be that the pillar supports in a vertical orientation are held against the base plates and that potting material is filled under the base plates, and that this potting material is then set to the leveled To maintain load distribution. 1O "Method according to claim 1, characterized in that on the first-mentioned plate a number of additional such plates are prefabricated in a separable stack that these additional plates have openings for the lifting column ', which is connected to the column opening in the first plate align that these pillars through the aligned openings are built through that the said device is operated to raise all the panels of the stack, until the first-mentioned panel is hers has reached a predetermined height that lifting the rest of the stack is continued until the one below Plate has reached a predetermined height above the first plate that load-bearing components on the first Slab under the next slab after it has reached its predetermined height, that this next plate is lowered onto these components, that this operation is carried out with the remaining plates continues in sequence from the bottom of the stack, until each subsequent panel becomes the bottom panel in the stack and until all panels are lowered onto their support members are, after which the devices and the support columns are removed. 11.Verfahren according to claim 10, characterized in that a crane is mounted on the top plate in the stack and that this crane is operated, component units do distribute on the floors under the plates _Z u after they are raised to the predetermined height 12, 009816/04 28 12o method according to claim 10, characterized in that • The lifting beams are distributed on at least some of these plates after they have been lowered onto their carriers in order to stabilize them. 13. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the plates are temporarily carried on the lifting columns, after the plates have reached the predetermined heights and while the plate bearings are built under them and that the plates are then lowered on this plate carrier and released by the lifting columns, 14 «Building structure of the type described, characterized in that that it has the following parts in combination: prefabricated horizontal panels and prefabricated, angled wall support units, which are mounted under these plates and which these plates completely wear o 15 · Building structure according to claim 14 »characterized by a load distribution infusion between the surfaces of the girders and the panels _o " 16. Building structure according to claim 15 »characterized by potting material female seals placed around the surfaces to be joined together are" 17 · Building structure according to claim 16, characterized by duroh washers, those between opposing bearing surfaces the wall support and the plates arranged and which prevent the seals from being compressed. 18. Building structure, characterized by an upwardly facing bearing surface of considerable dimensions »a compressible, generally annular seal with a substantial one 009 816/0428 substantial inner cross-section ,, which_on this surface-, rests, a building component that has a surface, which rests on this seal, means to fill the space within the seal with a potting material Facilities for venting air and water from this space. 19. Structure according to claim 18, characterized in that the devices for charging these spaces have a channel through the seal ₀ 20 «structure according to claim 19» characterized in that the Seal- made of a compressible material and that a semi-rigid sleeve liner within the seal is arranged and forms a channel for the passage of the potting material. β structure according to claim 18, characterized in that the Devices for draining have drainage channels which lead through the seal <> 22o structure according to claim 21, characterized in that the Channels that lead through the seal, grooves in a drain plate mounted on the seal. 23 * Structure according to claim 18, characterized in that the Devices for charging the space within the seal and the extraction devices have channels which go through said surfaces. 24. Structure according to claim 18, characterized by i, Kei! Devices on and between the surfaces within the room, which is enclosed by the seal, 25 · Device for lifting floor and ceiling panels in their installation position, with these plates in place and 009816/0428 le are made, characterized by pillar supports along which the plates are lifted, a slide, which is "movable in the vertical direction along each column support and has devices" which can be inserted into the ' engage associated columns to move the carriage at a substantial height above the top plate hold, leaving the top of the assigned column free, in order to mount a column extension on this, if this is necessary and lifting devices, carried by each carriage and having means detachably connected to the panels can be used to raise the panels upon actuation of the carriage support means. 26. The device according to claim 25 »characterized in that that the lifting column shoulders in the upward direction Have predetermined heights and that these carriages have means which have in these shoulders, so that these carriages in load-bearing positions on these support columns being held" 27 · Device according to claim 26, characterized in that the means engaging in the columns are releasable support arms which allow the carriages to move freely upward on the pillars and on the extensions of the pillars can be moved to higher positions on the pillars * 28. The device according to claim 25, characterized in that each of the carriages on either side of each associated lifting column is elongated and that each end portion of each carriage carries Platteiihubmittel. 29. The device according to claim 25, characterized by a second carriage under the first-mentioned carriage, which serves as a holding carriage and has the means that interact with an assigned support column and with the plate lifting means of the carriage above, around 009816/0428 do to keep the panels in a raised position, -in which these plates are raised by the lifting means, while the first-mentioned carriage in a higher position is raised ". ' 30. The device according to claim 25, characterized by intermediate support means which are carried by these support columns and which are effective to grasp a plate and to keep them in the raised position to which the plate is raised by the lifting means after the Lifting means are released from the plate, this intermediate holding erungamitt el are releasable from the plate to a To allow removal of the support column from the plate. ο Device for handling building ceiling and floor panels, which are made in place and have openings for support columns through which Lifting columns supported on the ground extend, which are then assembled, with lifting devices on these lifting columns by means of which a stack of panels can be lifted to the bottom panel of the To bring the stack to a desired height, after which then the plate is released from the lifting means while the remaining plates continue to be lifted, marked by an intermediate bracket assembly that detachably mounts to the corresponding drag pillars can be, after the lowest plate is raised to the desired height, means on these facilities, - the Engage in the bottom plate and hold it, placing the load of the plate directly on the support columns is transferred and means in the assembly to release the engagement means after the structural member is below the plate is built up. 32. Apparatus according to claim 31 »characterized in that this assembly has a lifting bracket, the facilities 009816/0428 gene has which bear against the plate and that a reciprocating piston is also provided which the lowering device forms. 33. Apparatus according to claim 32, characterized in that the assembly has removable supports for the console, which serves as a sensor behind the console and ea enables the console to be removed from the lifting beam and the plate can be removed. 34. Process for the production of buildings, characterized in that that a stack of reinforced, separate concrete floor and ceiling panels is made, namely one plate on top of the other, that during the formation of each plate openings for receiving the support columns be formed, which are aligned with the same openings in the other panels that in the panels next to them Openings removable mounting devices are arranged, namely a number of vertical plate connection and lifting rod elements, the upper ends of which are above the uppermost plate, around this with the lifting rods to connect the lifting devices, which are carried by the beams, which are mounted in the aligned openings are. 009816/0428