DE1931578C

DE1931578C - Plant for the thermal or thermal-mechanical processing of especially fresh stalks and / or leaves

Info

Publication number: DE1931578C
Authority: DE
Inventors: Der Anmelder Ist
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Publication date: 1972-10-12

Description

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So kann die Wärmequelle aus einem oder mehre- Heißdampf und die in den Lücken angeordnetenSo the heat source can consist of one or more superheated steam and those arranged in the gaps

ren Rohren bestehen, das bzw. die in eine der Lük- Rohre mit Heißluft oder mit brennbaren Gasen be-ren pipes that are loaded into one of the Lük pipes with hot air or with flammable gases

ken, die die Quetschwalzen des Wickelverdichters schickt werden; aber auch, daß die Quetschwalzenken who are sent the nip rollers of the wrapper compactor; but also that the nippers

lassen, oder in alle Lücken eingefügt werden und die mit Heißdampf und die Rohre in den Lücken mitleave, or be inserted in all the gaps and those with superheated steam and the pipes in the gaps with

auf der dem Halmgutstrang zugewandten Seite mit 5 Heißluft oder mit brennbaren Gasen beschickt wcr-the side facing the stalk strand is charged with hot air or with flammable gases.

Austrittsöffnungcn für heiße Gase oder Flammen- den. Es sind noch weitere Kombinationen zweier Be-Outlet openings for hot gases or flames. There are further combinations of two

fronten ausgestattet sind. Als Wärmequellen können aufschlagungen möglich; doch wird darauf verzich-fronts are equipped. Surcharges can be used as heat sources; but it is waived

aber auch die Walzen des Wickelverdichters selbst tct, sie alle anzuführen.but also the rollers of the wrapper itself tct to list them all.

herangezogen werden, dadurch, daß man eine von ih- Aber auch Dreierkombinationen der Wärmebeaufnen oder alle rohrförmig ausbildet und mit Austritts- io schlagungen sind nach der Erfindung möglich. Von öffnungen für Gase ausstattet. solchen seien zwei genannt: der einrohrige Dorn wird Es sind verschiedene Arten von Energien vorge- mit Heißdampf, die Quetschwalzen werden mit Heißsehen, die den rohrartig ausgebildeten Teilen züge- luft und die in den Lücken liegenden Rohre mit führt werden: Heißluft, brennbare Gase (z. B. Pro- brennbaren Gasen beschickt, oder die Lücken werden pan) aber auch Heißdampf. Ferner ist es möglich, als 15 mit Wärmestrahlern bestückt. Wärmequellen Wärmestrahler anzuordnen. Da der Prozeß der Aufbereitung und Trocknung Die Verwendung von Heißdampf ist bisher in die- von innen nach außen vor sich gehen muß, wenn er scm Zusammenhang nicht beschrieben worden. Aber sinnvoll aufgebaut ist, so hat es Grund, daß der Dorn gerade in ihr ist eine überaus vorteilhafte Ausgestal- in der Regel als Heißdampfquelle bisweilen noch als tung des bekannten Verfahrens zu erblicken. Heiß- a° Heißluftquelle vorgesehen ist. Andererseits können dampf hat einen hohen Energiegehalt, ist also in der brennbare Gase nur bei den in den Lücken des Wik-Lage, mit geringen Substanzmengen starke Erwär- kelverdichters angeordneten Rohren verwendet wermungen hervorzurufen; er löst auf geradezu ideale den.can be used, in that one of them but also three combinations of heat or all tubular and with Ausitts- io strikes are possible according to the invention. from equips openings for gases. two of these may be mentioned: the one-pipe thorn becomes Different types of energies are prepared with superheated steam, the nip rollers are which pulls the tubular parts and the tubes lying in the gaps with them leads to: hot air, flammable gases (e.g. pro-flammable gases are charged, or the gaps are pan) but also superheated steam. It is also possible to equip 15 with radiant heaters. Heat sources to arrange heat radiators. Because the process of conditioning and drying The use of superheated steam has so far been in the - must go from the inside out if he scm context has not been described. But if it is built up sensibly, there is reason that the thorn precisely in it is an extremely advantageous embodiment - usually as a superheated steam source, sometimes still as the well-known procedure. Hot a ° hot air source is provided. On the other hand you can Steam has a high energy content, so it is only in the flammable gases in the gaps in the Wik-Lage, With small amounts of substance, strong heating condenser pipes are used to evoke; he solves the downright ideal.

Weise die Kutikula ab und führt bei entsprechender Die Wärmequellen können nach der Erfindung Einwirkungsdauer zum Koagulieren der Eiweiße. In- »5 verschiedene Längen haben. Zunächst können sie so folge des hohen Temperaturunterschiedes von Heiß- lang ausgebildet sein wie die Walzen. Man nutzt dampf und Trocknungsgut kondensiert der Dampf dann die vorhandene Arbeitslänge optimal aus. Bei sofort auf allen Teilen des Trocknungsgutes und den Zweier- und Dreier-Kombinationen sind aber überträgt sofort seine hohe Kondensationswärme auch andere Längen möglich. So kann der Dorn, auf das Gut. 3° wenn er Heißdampfwärmequelle ist, z. B. im EinTrotz der intensiven Erhitzung, die das Track- laufsteil des Wickelverdichters liegen, während die nungsgut durch den Heißdampf erfährt, treten die mit anderer Energie beschickten Wärmequellen nebeiden obenerwähnten nachteiligen Wirkungen der ben dem Auslaufsteil angeordnet ist, dabei können Flammen nicht und die des Heißwassers in nur gerin- sich die beiden Wärmequellen teilweise überlagern; gern Umfange auf; es gibt keine Verbrennung und 35 d. h., sie brauchen nicht genau die halbe Länge der der Feuchtigkeitsfilm, der auf dem Gut durch Kon- Quetschwalzen aufweisen. Entsprechend kann man densation des Heißdampfes entsteht, ist sehr dünn. die Längen der Wärmequellen beliebig wählen, wenn Dieser ist mit den großen Wassermengen, die nach man mit einer Dreierkombination arbeitet; man dem Heißwasserbad haften bleiben, nicht zu verglei- wird aber auch dann der Heißdampfwärmequelle chcn. Bei einem nachfolgenden Trocknungsprozeß 40 den Platz am Einlauf des Trocknungsgutes geben, verschwindet dieser Film schnell und unter Aufwand Wenn die Quetschwalzen als Wärmequellen ausgegeringcr Energie. bildet sind, sind sie an ihrem ganzen Umfang mit Der Unterschied in der Wirkung des Heißdampfes Austrittsöffnungen versehen. Dann geben sie z. B. die gegenüber den anderen Energiearten besteht für die Heißluft nicht nur auf den Halmgutstrang, sondern Anlage nach der Erfindung darin, daß mit Heiß- 45 teilweise auch nach außen ab. Um diesen Energieverdampf lediglich thermisch aufbereitet werden kann, lust herabzusetzen, kann man Leitbleche außerhalb während die anderen Energiearten (Heißluft, Flam- der Quetschwalzen anbringen, die die »onst nach inen. Wärmestrahlung) sowohl zur thermischen Auf- außen entweichende Heißluft auf den Strang umleibereitung als auch zur Trocknung verwendbar ten. Der den Wickelverdichter verlassende Strang ist sind. 50 von einer Luft umgeben, die feuchtigkeitsgeschwän-AIs weitere Varianten der Anlage nach der Erfin- gert ist. Diese Hülle erschwert den Abgang der dung sind zu nennen: Die Wärmequelle wird aus dem Feuchtigkeit vom Gut und einen Zutritt von trocke-Dorn gebildet, der vielfach in der Achse der Wickel- ner Frischluft. Um die feuchte Luft schnell von dem verdichter gelagert ist; dann soll er rohrförmig ausge- Strang zu entfernen, sieht man einen oder mehren bildet und mit Austrittsöffnungen für heiße Gase 55 Ventilatoren vor, die eine Windbewegung senkrech ausgestattet sein. Es ist aber auch möglich, daß der zum Trocknungsstrang erzeugen. Dorn aus zwei parallelen Rohren besteht, von denen Zur Veranschaulichung der Anlage nach der Er das eine Rohr mit Heißdampf und das andere mit findung mögen zwei Figuren dienen. In den F i g. 1 Heißluft gespeist wird; fenner, daß in der Hälfte der und 1 b ist ein Wickelverdichter, der mit außen ar Lücken des Wickelverdichters Heißdampfwärme- 60 geordneten Wärmequellen ausgestattet ist, in Läng! quellen und in der anderen Hälfte Heißluftwärme- schnitt bzw. Querschnitt dargestellt. In Fig. 2 ei quellen oder Brenngas-Wärmequellen untergebracht Wickelverdichter, der einen Dorn als Wärmequel sind; ferner, daß, wenn die Quetschwalzen selbst als aufweist. Fig. 1 zeigt einen Wickelverdichter m Wärmequellen mit Heißluft ausgebildet sind, jede vier Quetschwalzen 1, 2, 3 und 4. In den Lück< zweite mit Heißdampf und die verbleibenden mit 65 zwischen den Walzen sind die Rohre S, 6 und 7 a Heißluft beschickt werden; ferner, daß der einrohrige geordnet. Sie sind mit Austrittsöffnungen für <! Dorn mit Heißdampf und die Quetschwalzen mit brennbaren Gase oder Heißluft oder Wasserdam Heißluft bfschickt werden; ferner, daß der Dorn mit versehen. Der von den Flammen gebildete Schlei»Reject the cuticle and lead with appropriate The heat sources can according to the invention Exposure time to coagulate the proteins. In- »5 different lengths. At first they can due to the high temperature difference between hot and long, like the rollers. One uses Steam and the material to be dried, the steam then optimally condenses the existing working length. at but are immediately on all parts of the items to be dried and the combinations of two and three Immediately transmits its high heat of condensation, other lengths are also possible. So can the thorn on the estate. 3 ° if it is a superheated steam heat source, e.g. B. in the oneDespite the intense heating that the track running part of the wrapper are, while the As a result of the superheated steam, the heat sources charged with other energy occur next to each other Above-mentioned adverse effects of ben the outlet part is arranged, it can There are no flames and those of the hot water only slightly overlap the two heat sources; like scope on; there is no combustion and 35 d. i.e., they don't need exactly half the length of the the moisture film that has been created on the goods by squeezing rollers. Accordingly, one can The densation of the superheated steam is very thin. choose any length of the heat sources, if This is with the large amounts of water that you work with a three-way combination; man stick to the hot water bath, but not to compare it with the superheated steam heat source chcn. In a subsequent drying process 40, give the place at the inlet of the goods to be dried, this film disappears quickly and with great effort if the nip rollers are used as heat sources Energy. The difference in the effect of the superheated steam are provided on their entire circumference with outlet openings. Then give z. B. the Compared to the other types of energy, the hot air does not only rely on the stalk strand, but Plant according to the invention in that with hot 45 partly also to the outside. About this energy vaporizer can only be thermally processed to reduce lust, you can baffles outside while the other types of energy (hot air, flame apply the squeeze rollers, which the »onst after inen. Thermal radiation) both for thermal outward escaping hot air on the strand and can also be used for drying. The strand leaving the winding compactor is are. 50 surrounded by air, the moisture-swelling AIs further variants of the system according to the invention. This shell complicates the disposal of the The following are to be mentioned: The heat source comes from the moisture from the property and an access from dry thorn often formed in the axis of the winders fresh air. To get the humid air quickly from that compressor is mounted; then it should be removed in a tubular shape, you can see one or more of them forms and with outlet openings for hot gases 55 fans, which create a vertical wind movement be equipped. But it is also possible that the produce to the drying strand. The mandrel consists of two parallel tubes, one of which to illustrate the plant after the he the one pipe with superheated steam and the other with discovery may serve two figures. In the F i g. 1 Hot air is fed; fenner that in half of and 1 b is a winding compressor that ar with outside Gaps of the wrapper superheated steam heat- 60 ordered heat sources is equipped, in length! swell and in the other half a hot air heat section or cross section is shown. In Fig. 2 ei sources or fuel gas heat sources housed a winding compressor, which has a mandrel as a heat source are; further that if the nip rolls themselves as having. Fig. 1 shows a scroll compressor m Heat sources are formed with hot air, each four squeegee rollers 1, 2, 3 and 4. In the gap < second with superheated steam and the remaining with 65 between the rollers are the tubes S, 6 and 7 a Hot air can be charged; also that the single-tube is ordered. They are equipped with outlets for <! Thorn with superheated steam and the nip rollers with flammable gases or hot air or water dam Hot air will be sent; also that the mandrel is provided with. The loop formed by the flames

trifft den Wickelstrang 9. F.s ist vorteilhaft, das Gut in dünnem Schleier in den Wickelverdichter eintreten zu lassen.hits the winding strand 9. F.s is advantageous, the good to enter the wrapper with a thin veil.

In Fi fr 2 befindet sich in der Achse des durch die beiden Quetschwalzen 10 und 11 dargestellten Wickelverdichtcrs ein Dorn 12, der mit entsprechenden Austrittsöffnungen 13 ausgestattet ist und mil Heißluft oder Heißdampf beschickt wird. Die in der Regel auch vorhandenen Wärmequellen auf der Außenseite des Wickclstrangcs 14 sind nicht dargestellt.In Fi for 2 is in the axis of the through the two nip rollers 10 and 11 shown winding compressors a mandrel 12 which is equipped with corresponding outlet openings 13 and with hot air or superheated steam is charged. The heat sources that are usually also present on the outside des Wickclstrangcs 14 are not shown.

In Fig. 3 ist die Variante dargestellt, nach der die Wärmequellen vor dem Einlaufspalt des Wickclvcrdichtcrs 15 angeordnet sein sollen. In diesem Fall sind die Wärmequellen 16 und 17 über dem auf den Wickclvcrdichtcr zulaufenden Halmgutstrang 18 angeordnet. Dabei sollen sie. wenn schon Tiansport- oder Quetschwalzen 19 und 20 vorhanden sind, in die durch diese gebildeten Lücken eingefügt werden. Sind auf dieser Wegstrecke des Gutes solche Walzen nnch nicht vorhanden, so sollen sie in die durch die Wärmequellen gebildeten Lücken eingefügt werden. In Fig. 3 the variant is shown, according to which the heat sources in front of the inlet gap of the winding seal 15 should be arranged. In this case, the heat sources 16 and 17 are on the Wickclvcrdichtcr tapering stalk strand 18 is arranged. They should. if already Tiansport- or nip rollers 19 and 20 are present into which gaps formed by them are inserted. If such rollers are not present on this route of the goods, they should be inserted into the Gaps formed by heat sources are inserted.

Bei einer nicht dargestellten Variante sind die Wärmequellen auf beiden Seiten des Halmgutstranges anzuordnen.In a variant not shown, the heat sources are on both sides of the stalk strand to arrange.

Als Wärmequellen kommen in der Regel in diesen Fällen Rohre in Betracht, die entweder mit Heißluft oder mit brennbaren Gasen oder mit Heißdampf beschickt werden können; es können aber auch Wärmcstrahler verwendet werden.In these cases, tubes that either use hot air can generally be used as heat sources or can be charged with flammable gases or with superheated steam; But heat radiators can also be used be used.

Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings

W 6VJ32( W 6VJ32 (

Claims

Patent claims:

1. Plant for thermal or thermo-mechanical Processing of especially fresh stalks and / or leaves either for a conventional drying process or for the mentioned processing with subsequent Drying of the goods, consisting of at least one pair of squeeze rollers and heat sources, characterized in that this consists of a winding compressor for the production of High-density straw bales and from a device for heating the crop by means of heat sources exists, either in close proximity to the surface of the winding strand (9, 14) or is arranged inside the same.

2. Plant according to claim I, characterized in that the heat sources with superheated steam charged pipes (5 to 7) exist, the ao in through the nip rollers (1 to 4) of the wrapper formed gaps or are stored in front of the inlet gap and with the Winding strand (9) are equipped to directed outlet openings. as

3. Plant according to claim 2, characterized in that in each of the through the nip rollers (1 to 4) formed gaps an equipped with outlet openings Rp ^ r is stored.

4. Plant according to claim I, characterized in that the heat source of at least one of the nip rollers (1 to 4, 10, 11) is tubular and has outlet openings is equipped for gases.

5. Plant according to claim 4, characterized in that all nip rollers (1 to 4 or 10 and H) are designed as heat sources.

6. Plant according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the tubular and parts equipped with outlet openings can be charged with hot air.

7. Plant according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the tubular and parts equipped with outlet openings can be charged with hot air.

8. Plant according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the tubular and parts equipped with outlet openings cannot be charged with flammable gases are.

9. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat source consists of at least consists of a heat radiator, which is formed in one of the squeeze rollers (1 to 4, 10, 11) Gaps or is stored in front of the inlet gap.

10. Plant according to claim 9, characterized in that in each of the through the nip rollers (1 to 4) formed gaps a heat radiator is arranged.

11. Plant according to claim I, characterized in that that the heat source from a tubular, provided with outlet openings (13) The mandrel (12) is located in the axis of the winding compressor is stored.

12. Plant according to claim II, characterized in that that the mandrel (12) consists of at least two parallel tubes, one of which with superheated steam and the other with Hot air can be charged.

13. Plant according to claim 3, characterized in that every second tube (6, 7) with superheated steam and the remaining tubes (5) can be charged with combustible gases.

14. Plant according to claim 3, characterized in that every second tube (6, 7) with superheated steam and the remaining tubes (5) can be charged with hot air.

15. Plant according to one of claims 2 and 9, characterized in that every second by the gap formed by the nip rollers (1 to 4) with a tube provided with outlet openings, which can be charged with superheated steam, and the remaining gaps each with a radiant heater are equipped.

16. Plant according to claims, characterized in that that every second nip roller (1, 3, 10, 11) with superheated steam and the remaining Pinch rollers can be fed with hot air.

17. Plant according to one of claims 5 and II, characterized in that the mandrel (12) with hot dam;) f and the squeegee rollers (10, 11) can be charged with hot air.

18. Plant according to one of claims 4 and U, characterized in that the mandrel (12) with superheated steam and the tubes arranged in the gaps of the nip rollers (10, 11) Hot air can be fed.

19. Plant according to one of claims 4 and 11, characterized in that the mandrel (12) with superheated steam and the tubes arranged in the gaps of the nip rollers (10, 11) combustible gases can be charged.

20. Plant according to any one of claims 3 and 5, characterized in that the nip rollers (1 to 4, 10, 11) with superheated steam and the pipes arranged in the gaps of the nip rollers (5 to 7) can be charged with hot air.

21. Plant according to claims 3 and 5, characterized in that the nip rollers (I. to 4) with superheated steam and the tubes (5 to 7) arranged in the gaps of the nip rollers combustible gases can be charged.

22. Plant according to one of claims 3, 5 and 11, characterized in that the mandrel (12) with superheated steam, the squeegee rollers (10, 11) nvt hot air and those in the gaps of the squeegee rollers arranged pipes can be charged with flammable gases.

23. Plant according to one of claims 3, 5 and 11, characterized in that the mandrel (12) with superheated steam, the squeegee rollers (10, 11) can be charged with hot air and that the into the Gaps in the squeegee rollers arranged heat sources are designed as heat radiators.

24. Plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Longitudinal expansion of the heat sources approximated with Her longitudinal expansion of the nip rollers matches.

25. Plant according to one of claims 12 to 23, characterized in that when present of two types of heat sources, each type of heat source spreads over a fraction of the Length of the squeegee rollers, with the heat sources charged with hot steam in the loading

lie near the inlet of the goods, while the remains stick to the goods. Hence this one works

differently charged heat sources in the area of the facility with time and energy forfeited outlet the same lie and that both loading In a further known device lam m

rich overlay. the goods fronted by flames. To uci

26. Plant according to one of claims 22 or 5, although the surface of the stalk material has a ^twist , characterized in that a structural change takes place when there is a change in structure. Until the warmth of three kinds of heat sources, every kind of interior of the goods, has penetrated, so that also aucn u of heat sources coagulate over a fraction of the proteins, suffer the aubenuegci w ι length of the pinch rollers, with those with leaves and stems, especially when they and special c steam-fed heat sources in the loading io thin, burns are more or ^we ™ f = reaching the inlet of the goods, while the high degree that the crop unfit m ^ac ^"s · Jj ;; "" = with hot air or with rays working war-effect in the deeper stalk and / or oil sources in the outlet area of the goods do not exist.

and that the areas of all heat sources with the known facilities are therefore known

transfer. 15 results cannot be achieved.

27. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the invention is based on the object, that the heat sources in front of the inlet plant which are used for thermal or thermiscn-mecnaspalt of the winding compressor transversely to the direction of niche preparation of early stalks unaodes crop flow and in this direction staggered of the sheet material are arranged either for a convention rush and at a distance, wherein either 20 drying process or of the heat sources in the gaps to said Autbereitung already pre with subsequent drying of the material used son handener transport or squeeze rolls or unc ¹ consisting of at least one pair of squeezing rollers between the gaps between the heat sources, squeezing and heat sources, to be designed in such a way that the or transport rollers are inserted. structural analysis required for processing

28. Plant according to one of the preceding 25 stanchions, such as melting the cuticle and the koa claims, characterized in that min- gulation of the proteins occur without at least one fan being provided, which is thus subjected to burns is, or is ordered such that the moisture is accumulated in the water so through it, that the I rocknun _D s interior or the immediate vicinity of, stalk process is made more difficult.

gutstranges is drainable. 30 In the system according to the invention this

Deficiency is eliminated by the fact that it comes from a winding compressor for the production of straw bales

forth density and from a device for heating

of the goods by means of heat sources, which are either in the immediate vicinity of the surface of the

The invention relates to a system for kelstranges or arranged inside the same thermal or thermal-mechanical processing is. .

in particular, fresh helmet and / or the progress made with such a trained

Sheet material location for either a conventional Trock- is reached, this does z ^"sta n ^de · ^üa ^{J De} 'drying process, or to said treatment with 40 their mechanical and thermal Autbereitung subsequent drying of the material, consisting of coupled;!, See practically at the same time, at least one pair of squeeze rollers and heat swell. There are several advantages that are then effective

In the patent specification 58 058 of the Office for Invention- squeezed once. Since it has been a long time in the education and patent system in East Berlin is such a nursing room until it is in its axiaier Plant described. With this system are left in one direction, it will be several times, namely 011 conveyor belt Several pairs of rollers so arranged, maize, the pressing effect of each of the at least three that they form a wedge-shaped channel in which the winding is subjected to rolling. Every time finds again Well enters and continuously to form a tape mechanical processing takes place, through which the z.eiisammengepreß will. In this pressing process 50 each time more extensively exposed wiru. becomes the main amount of moisture, so purely me- Are now sources of heat, such as nacii of the invention chanisch, removed. Then the property is looked after by two, in the immediate vicinity of the surface The main pressure rollers are pressed so hard that the material in the winding strand or inside it passes through is brought to that moisture content, then each of the squeezing processes is followed by a chill is required for preservation. Unless the 55 zeß, either as a drying or as a bag so the achievable moisture content is still too high, processing works the material strip cut into panels is through mechanical processing and thermal processing a drying tunnel in which it is fed up with infrared processing or drying. Then you can shine is exposed. mer the again exposed cell flow gke.t dried

In another known device, the 60 is before further exposure takes place. It protects stalks by a hot water bath, but on the other hand, the exposed cell fluid directs the temperature to achieve the sfrukfur changes of the good known from the blanching process before burns than from the change. from exposure of the ™ inw # cA * niacTlte ™ - if you go to temperatures of about 50 °, then the preparation or drying takes place coagulate. Fin can enter so openly. .... »,. this property dries easily. This effect, however, The object of the invention allows numerous variances to be eliminated by the fact that hot water rianten allow.