DE1921225A1 - Spinning process - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS

DR. E. WIEGAND DIPL-ING. W. NIEMANN

DR. M. KÖHLER DIPL-ING. C. GERNHARDT 1 Q 9 1 9? R.

MÖNCHEN HAMBURG \ Ό Δ \ CCO

TELEPHONE: 555476 '8000 MONCHES 15.25 April 1969

TELEGRAMS KARPATENT NUSSBAUMSTRASSE 10 '

W. 14 177/69 13 / Never

Teijin Limited
Osaka (Japan)

Spinning process

The invention relates to a method of spinning and, more particularly, to a spinning method that is under stable conditions can be carried out while restricting the occurrence of static electricity.

In general, when spinning textile materials such as staple fibers and tow, a static one becomes Electricity generated as a result of the friction between the fibers or threads or with the apparatus. If a static Electricity occurs in synthetic fibers that are to be treated, especially the individual Fibers or threads from each other and the fiber bundles

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enlarged or fluffed up because of the synthetic fibers or threads are poor in hygroscopicity. As a result, cores are 'during the carding and Drafting operations' throttled and slivers are cut off. In addition, the drawing, roving and fine spinning stages of the drawing or drawing process can use slivers or nonwovens are not subjected to normal stretching due to their bulging and therefore form irregular ones Yarns. In addition, the fibers or filaments can also be wrapped around the surfaces of the rolls and eventually break. It should therefore avoid the occurrence of static electricity in order to maintain a good state of treatment as well maintain good quality of products.

Various works have hitherto been used to suppress the occurrence of static electricity been. Such procedures include applying an antistatic agent to the fibers, completely sanding the gate direction used, applying a static eliminating device. a corona discharge type, increasing the moisture content of the fibers by treating with water and increasing the relative humidity in a room in weletem the spinning is carried out.

An increase in the amount of an Ö! Preparation that is on The fibers to be applied leads to an improvement in the prevention of static charges, however, gets on the other hand, an increase in the stickiness of the fibers *

around
whereby these are easily made to wrap around a round part of the spinning machine. The amount of the oil preparation should therefore be limited within a narrow range depending on the kind of the fibers used. It is ■

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however, not easily the amount of oil within such a to regulate a limited area and to apply the oil evenly over the entire fiber surface.

In the working method of wetting the starting material with water, moisture absorption is carried out prior to opening and plucking treatments, and it requires considerable Period of time, for example from four to five days, before the raw mass is processed into yarn. In the In practice, therefore, there is evaporation of the water and the water content is below the prescribed range at the time at which the yarns actually undergo a carding treatment are subject. There is therefore an antistatic effect in the subsequent drawing, roving and spinning operations hardly to be expected.

In the operation of increasing the relative humidity of a room in which the spinning is carried out, the occurrence of static electricity would be prevented if the room is at a high relative humidity is retained. However, there is an optimal range of relative humidity depending on the fibers and Working methods and, if the mean value of the relative humidity in the room exceeds this range, no good approach can * the status of the treatments and the working environment will worsen.

In addition, a complete grinding does not result in a thorough elimination of static electricity from synthetic fibers that act as insulators. The creation

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a means for eliminating static electricity of the corona discharge type in all spinning processes not economical.

Thus, none of the previous methods of preventing static electricity in spinning processes has been found as satisfactory,

It has now been found that the incorporation of small amounts of electrically conductive fibers in fibers, to be spun result in a decrease in the amount of static electricity generated in the spinning process will lead, thereby not only overcoming various disadvantages of the previously known working methods occurred, but also good quality products can be obtained.

According to the invention, a method for spinning is provided in which the fibers to be spun are incorporated into the fibers to be spun at least 0.01 %, based on the fiber weight, of electrically conductive fibers, the electrically conductive fibers being a chemical fiber as a substrate and an electrically formed thereon comprise conductive coating and have the functional properties of textile fibers.

In general, the term "functional properties of textile fibers" means the presence of mechanical properties, by which a fiber can be subjected to the conventional spinning, twisting, Kräuselerteilungs-, weaving and knitting operations and can withstand the conditions which you usually during the-

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encountered these stages of treatment as well as during their use, i.e. such conditions as abrasion, elongation or tensile stress, bending stress, repeated bending, repeated stretching and relaxation; and repeated squeezing and relaxation, as well as the presence of compatibility and mixed workability with common organic Textile fibers.

The electrically conductive fibers used according to the invention comprise a substrate made of a chemical Paser, consisting of a polymer, e.g. Iblyamid (nylon), Polyester, polyacrylic, polypropylene, cellulose acetate or regenerated cellulose on which an electrically conductive Coating is formed and the Paser formed in this way has the functional properties of textile fibers.

The electrically conductive fibers to be used in the improved method according to the invention should have mechanical properties which are approximately comparable to those of the chemical substrate fiber. These fibers should usually have a tensile strength of at least about 1 g / denier, preferably at least about 2 g / denier, an elongation at break of at least about 3 %, preferably about 10 $, and an initial modulus of not more than about 1,000 kg / mm, preferably not more than about 2000 kg / mm. The electrically conductive fibers should preferably be the usual not only with regard to the mechanical properties listed above in the longitudinal direction, but also with regard to their mechanical properties in the transverse direction, for example flexibility, and also with regard to their chemical properties, for example their behavior or their ability , Rinsing, dyeing and washing treatments, to withstand, distinguish. In addition, according to the invention to be

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apply electrically conductive fibers generally one low density of less than 2.5 g / cnp and preferably have a low density of less than 2.0 g / cm ^.

The electrically conductive coating can be on the. Substrate fiber can be formed in the following manner. For example, a polymeric binder solution or an emulsion containing finely divided silver, gold, platinum, brass, nickel, aluminum, tungsten or other finely divided metals as well as other finely divided electrically conductive materials, e.g. copper oxide or carbon black, is dispersed on the surface of the substrate fiber applied, whereupon the coating is dried and, if necessary, the polymeric binder is cured. On the other hand, the conductive coating of metals such as nickel, copper, cobalt, chromium, zinc, tin or others can be formed on the substrate fiber by chemical plating. The coating of metals such as aluminum, copper or the like can be formed on the substrate fiber by vacuum evaporation. Furthermore, if necessary, a top coat made of an organic polymer can also be applied to the surface of the electrically conductive coating. According to the. The electrically conductive fiber to be used in the invention preferably has an electrical resistance of no more than about 2000 megohm / cm.

The desired electrically conductive fibers used in the method of the invention comprise a substrate made of a chemical fiber, on which an electrically conductive coating of a polymeric binder matrix with dispersed therein finely divided particles of an electrically conductive material in a sufficient

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Amount has been formed to make the electrical resistance of the fiber less than about 2000 meg-ohms / em, the thickness of the coating on average from about 0.3 to 15 microns. In addition, the electrically conductive fiber has the functional properties of textile fibers. An electrically conductive fiber of this type can be conveniently and conveniently made by touching the substrate fiber a solution or, an emulsion of a polymeric binder in which finely divided metals or other electrically Conductive finely divided materials are dispersed, applies, then dries and, if necessary, the polymeric binder hardens. As the substrate fibers, in view of the adhesiveness of the conductive coating and the mechanical Festiglid.t especially the fibers of synthetic linear polyamides, e.g. poly- £ -capronamide (nylon 6) and polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66), having a denier of about 5 to 50 denier and preferably a denier of about 10 to 50 den preferably and advantageously used.

■ - ■: Fine particles of silver and electrically conductive Carbon black is used as a finely divided electrically conductive material to be used in accordance with the invention With regard to their resistance to the spinning process, their resistance to the rinsing and dyeing treatments, their resistance to washing, weather resistance, chemical resistance and electrical conductivity preferred. These finely divided electrically conductive materials \% 'ground in an adhesive composition, i.e., a liquid mass containing a suitable polymeric binder, mixed and dispersed and so The resulting dispersion is applied to the substrate fiber.

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The various synthetic resins such as acrylic, epoxy, phenolic, urethane, Melamine, urea, polyester, vinyl and silicone types, the natural and synthetic rubber materials and Mixtures of these are useful. However, the selection should be made expedient in each individual case by the Properties of the binders, for example their adhesion to the substrate fiber, the abrasion resistance and

The chemical resistance of the hardened coating and the flexibility of the coated substrate fiber must be taken into account. This liquid composition contains a thickening agent, an antioxidant, a modifier to give the polymeric binder a flexible softening agent and other additives the. Examples of suitable polymeric binders include the combinations of the oil-soluble phenolic resins with chloroprene polymer, styrene / butadiene mixed polymer / acrylonitrile / butadlene mixed polymer and other synthetic rubber materials, the combinations of a bisphenol / epichlorohydrin resin of the epoxy type with an epoxy equivalent Valent of about I70 bfe 250 having a Polyaraidhars _a one epoxylier · = th vegetable oil or liquid Polyalkylensulfit, a polyurethane resin of relatively riedrigem molecular weight terminated Ν, Ν-disubstituted ureylene _fl the combi = nation of a partially saponified Vinylehlorld / Yinylacetat = copolymer and one with ή-butanol modified melamine resin and the combination of ethyl aerylate / styrene / hydroxyethyl acrylate and a melamine resin modified with n-butanol

A lower limit on the amount of finely divided particles of an electrically conductive material contained in the

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electrically conductive coating should be present, is imposed in view of the conductivity of the fiber «If the finely divided electrically conductive material is made. % can be set, while if the electrically conductive material consists of carbon, the carbon content in the coating on at least 5 wt - - a metal such as silver is, the metal content in the coating to at least 50 wt must. must be adjusted.%. Ei ^ n coating finely divided metals in an about 90 wt -. Containing% amount exceeding or carbon exceeding in an approximately βθ wt .- ^ amount is generally in terms of strength and adhesion to the substrate bad and therefore tends easily to Release from the substrate during treatment steps and in use.

Taking into account the stability of the conductivity it is preferred that the thickness of the coating be at least about 0.5 microns in the case of particulate metals and at least is about 0.7 microns in the case of carbon. The upper limit of the thickness of the electrically conductive coating and the upper limit of the amount of fine particles of the electrically conductive material contained in the coating are considered a practical limitation in terms of mechanical properties, particularly flexibility the fiber, the strength of the coating and the adhesion imposed between the coating and the substrate. A coating of excessive thickness is unnecessary not only in terms of conductivity but also in terms of Flexibility undesirable. A coating that contains finely divided metals as an electrically conductive material should be preferred have an average thickness not greater than about 10 microns.

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1821225

Another desirable type of electrically conductive fiber used in the method of the invention comprises a substrate of chemical fiber and a metal coating having an average thickness not greater than about 1.5 microns, the metal coating "on the substrate being chemical." The fiber so formed has an electrical resistance of less than about 2000 megohms / cm and exhibits the functional properties of textile fibers. The method of making an electrically conductive fiber of this type comprises chemically plating the substrate fiber with a metal Ate Substantial fibers are preferred, particularly in view of the ease of application of the metal coating and the ability of the fibers to adhere to metals, acrylic polymeric fibers in which the acrylonitrile content is at least 80 mol $ and those P _o polyester fibers whose ethylene terephthalate content is at least 80 mol ägt. The substrate fibers can have a textile titer of about 1 to 50 denier.

A metal coating can be applied to the substrate using a method that is per se for chemical plating of organic polymeric materials, followed by electroplating if desired follows. Chemical plating can be carried out on substrate fibers of multifaceted monofilament or staple form. When performing chemical plating of molded articles such as cast articles of organic polymeric materials, such pretreatments as mechanical roughening, degreasing, etching, Sensitization and activation of the surface, carried out »

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The mechanical surface roughening is performed, _{s x} to a rough surface, the "plating suitable" for the execution of the metal forming, ^ however, in the bottle of a substrate is not particularly necessary in fiber form this stage, de, the surface of the Paser is roughened to a suitable extent to be already suitable for performing the metal plating operation. When acrylic fibers are used as the substrate, a satisfactory metal coating can be formed on the substrate even if the etching step is omitted an alkali to a solcfeen amount of Ge to the _D that a weight loss of 0.3 to 10 Gqi-j _o -% takes place _o As the etching solution, the aqueous or alkoMLlsehen solutions of such alkalis, z * B Natriumhyäiaoiqfär, EaliuMiydroxycl and sodium carbonate. for use., However, the use of an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution .beso nders is desired. The polyester fibers are immersed in a dsrar-fciges alkaline bath ρ wherein the concentration and TENPA ^ & tur the bath and the Eintauehdauer be selected in geeigneter- manner so ^ that the weight loss _o due to a resolution in the range of 0, 3 to 10 wt < = $ precipitated When sB _£ is used an aqueous sodium hydroxide ,, these purposes can be fully achieved ^ ,. By a degreased polyester fiber material for 3 see to 30 min at 50 to IQO ⁰ G using a bath having a concentration of 0.5 to 30 wt _o = $ treated The © ubstratfaser, which has received this catfish one chemical treatment is then washed with water or, after neutralization with a dilute acid solution, washed with mass and then fed to the next stage. The degreasing sensi-

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bilization and activation stages can be done according to generally known procedures for the application of a chemical Plating can be carried out on molded articles made of organic polymers.

The chemical plating is carried out on the pretreated substrate. Examples of metals suitable for chemical deposition on the substrate include nickel, copper, cobalt, chromium, ink and tin, of which nickel is advantageous in terms of ease of lubrication and for economic reasons. With regard to the composition of the chemical nickel plating bath, various types can be mentioned, for example, soluble nickel salt / hypophosphite, soluble nickel salt / boron nitrogen compound, and soluble nickel salt / urea. Although in principle any of these compositions can be used satisfactorily, the bath of the soluble nickel salt / hypophosphite type is convenient and convenient, and particularly a bath of this type which is acidic is preferred. ^E ine excellent electrically conductive fiber may be in a very short period of treatment using obtained a relatively high plating bath. For example, if an acid plating bath consisting mainly of 20 g / liter nickel sulfate, 24 g / liter sodium hypophosphite and 27 g / liter lactic acid and having a pH of 5.6 is used, satisfactory results are obtained when treated at a plating bath temperature of 60 to 98 ⁰ C and during a Behändlungsdauer of 10 see to 9 obtained min. · in particular, in carrying out the treatment at a plating bath temperature of 80 to 90 ⁰ C a Paser having an excellent conductivity in a satisfactory manner even at a Behandlnngsdauer of less than 1 min

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can be obtained. There, as described above, the chemical nickel plating under treating conditions can be carried out that require a very short period of time, it is particularly useful to apply them to the continuous chemical plating of filaments. The metal coating, which is chemically deposited onto the substrate fibers can, if necessary, in its thickness by weitae Deposition of metal on it can be enhanced by means of electroplating. That to be applied by the electroplating Metal can be the same as or different from the chemical plating metal be.

The thickness of the metal coating formed on the substrate fiber must be controlled in such a way that it is ensured that the product retains the functional properties of textile fibers. A metal coating of excessive thickness leads to a product with poor mechanical properties (elongation and flexibility) and is also in view on the conductivity unnecessarily. The upper limit of the mean thickness of the metal coating depends on the type and the titer of the substrate fiber, the type of metal and the Purpose for which the end product is intended, but in most cases it is not 1.5 microns should exceed. On the other hand, the lower limit of the average thickness of the metal coating is given by such a which is sufficient to make the fiber conductive. It has been found that there are frequent discontinuities in the metal coating were present, the mean thickness of which was less than 0.01 microns and consequently the coated product often did not have conductivity of satisfactory stability. The mean thickness is therefore preferred

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-U-

of the metal coating is controlled within a range of 0.01 to 1.5 microns, and more particularly 0.1 to 0.5 microns. A top coat made of an organic polymeric material can be applied to the electrically conductive fiber. At . electrically conductive fibers that have a chemical plating or a Having vacuum evaporation applied coating, it is particularly preferred to apply a top coating, to protect the metal coating from oxidation and corrosion and from peeling or peeling off the substrate. Although the application of a top coat on an electrically conductive fiber with an electrical resistance of less than about 2000 megohm / cm an electrical resistance on the order of several 1000 megohm / cm the fiber, it has surprisingly been found that a fiber with such a high resistance is more effective Way could be used for achieving the purposes according to the invention, provided that the electrical output conductive fiber had an electrical resistance of less than about 2000 megohms / cm. Preferred organic polymeric materials that are to be applied are the synthetic rubber polymers that are related to excel on their adhesion to metal, and the water-repellent Silicone resin polymers, although others can also be used.

Electrically conductive fibers can follow the fibers to be spun at a selected stage of the spinning process incorporated in different ways of working or using different means. The procedure for incorporation of electrically conductive fibers comprises fiber blending,

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a coil shuffling, a ribbon shuffling and a cable shuffling.

The amounts of the electrically conductive fibers to be spun may vary depending on the types of the fibers to be spun. For example, the amounts are greater for synthetic fibers, which tend to generate static electricity, and are lower for cellulosic fibers, which tend to generate relatively little static electricity. The amounts of electrically conductive fibers to be incorporated in the spinning process are usually at least 0.01 %, preferably at least 0.1 %, based on the weight of the fibers to be spun. Quantities smaller than 0.01% by weight lead to lower antistatic effects. The upper limit on the amounts of electrically conductive fibers to be incorporated is not critical, but in general it should not exceed 10% based on the weight of the fibers to be spun. It has been found that by incorporating electrically conductive fibers in amounts of 0.01 to 10% by weight, advantageously from 0.1 to 2% by weight, such disturbances and difficulties as wrapping rolls and Throttling of winding cores, can be prevented and a product of good quality with good efficiency and high effectiveness can be obtained.

The electrically conductive fibers used in the method according to the invention have the functional ones Properties of textile fibers and are natural with

Wool
Fibers such as cotton, silk and flax, regenerated fibers such as rayon, semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate and

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Triacetate fibers, and synthetic fibers such as polyamides, Polyesters, polyacrylonitrile fibers and polyvinyl chloride fibers, compatible. You can use it in an advantageous manner the fiber to be spun in selected stages of the spinning process be mixed, e.g. when opening and plucking, carding and stretching. It is beneficial to be dielectric to incorporate conductive fibers at the earliest possible stage, so that an antistatic effect at an early stage Level can be produced. The product thus obtained is due to the incorporation of the electrically conductive fibers does not deteriorate in terms of quality, physical and chemical properties and handle.

The incorporation of the electrically conductive fibers into the starting material or into the raw material can be carried out in an effective manner with the aid of a mixing machine. According to this procedure, the starting mass of staple fibers to be spun is mixed on the ground with a starting mass of staple fibers which contains a certain amount of electrically conductive fibers so that the amount of electrically conductive fibers in the resulting mixture is in the range of 0 .01 to 10 wt .- ^, preferably 0.1 to 2 wt .- #, is. These electrically conductive pasers can also be incorporated uniformly into a raw mass, consisting of the pasers to be spun, which is located on a filling lath of a blower machine . Conventional equipment used to mix two or more different compositions can be used in this mixing.

The electrically conductive fibers can be incorporated into a winding of fibers to be spun .

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For this purpose, rovings or rovings made from consist of or contain the electrically conductive fibers, with a wrap of fibers being spun are to be combined when winding the roll into a roll. On the other hand, the electrically conductive Pasern in the form of a roving or roving are combined with the winding when the latter is wound up in the form of a roll and one. Carding machine is fed. The amounts of electrically conductive fibers to be incorporated are regulated within the ranges given above.

The electrically conductive fibers can be combined with the fibers to be spun at a stretching or stretching stage the spinning process are mixed. A sliver consisting of or containing electrically conductive fibers is fed into a drawing machine together with other slivers to be spun. The amounts of electric conductive fibers are in the range of 0.01 to 10 wt .- ^, preferably 0.1 to 2 wt .- ^ regulated.

Electrically conductive continuous threads can be mixed with cables consisting of the fibers to be spun. The resulting tows, after being subjected to a crimping stage, are cut to suitable lengths if desired Formation of staple fibers cut and such raw materials can be spun in a conventional manner. On the other hand, the cables obtained, which contain the electrically conductive fibers, can be sent directly to a cable spinning system be subjected.

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.- 18 -

It is also possible to use electrically conductive fibers in an advantageous manner in a spinning process an open end to apply.

For incorporating the electrically conductive fibers Various modified measures and means can be used in the fibers to be spun, as they are common in technology.

According to the invention, by the mere incorporation of tiny amounts of electrically conductive Fibers created the possibility of static electricity occurring during the spinning process to such an extent that there is no static interference. In this way the regulation of the process becomes very simple and the ranges of oil and moisture contents as well as the Room humidity, which should be regulated in the conventional method, has been greatly reduced. Independent from the occurrence of static electricity, optimum ranges of oil and water contents can be achieved during spinning and the humidity. It is thus possible for yarn uniformity to occur and to reduce yarn breaks very significantly. Those used in the method according to the invention electrically conductive fibers have the functional properties of textile fibers and influence spinnability of the fibers to be spun not at all when incorporated into them. Moreover, the spun » Products containing the electrically conductive fibers, does not deteriorate in quality. These electrically conductive fibers can be the fibers to be treated in any form, for example as staple fibers and ■ » Threads and at any stage of the spinning process, both

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for example when opening and plucking, carding and stretching are incorporated and the incorporation can be carried out by means of simple measures or means. Depending on the salary of the Electrically conductive fibers can be the products obtained by the process according to the invention have improved permanent antistatic properties.

The invention is illustrated below by way of examples explained in more detail. The resistance of the electrically conductive fibers given in the examples was carried out using an FM tester (frequency modulation device) , Model L-19-B and an automatic insulating ohm meter, Model L-68 (manufactured by Yokogawa-Elektric Works, Japan) and the breaking strength, elongation at break, and Young's initial modulus were determined measured using a sample of 5 cm gauge length at a stretching speed of 5 cm / min.

Unless otherwise stated, the parts and percentages given in the examples are given Based on weight.

example 1

Degreased acrylic staple fibers (2 den χ 51 now) were successively in a sensitizing bath of 2inn (II) chloride-hydrochloric acid and an activating bath treated by palladium chloride-hydrochloric acid. They were then placed in a nickel salt-hypophosphite plating bath treated for 1 min at 80 ° C. The treated staple fibers became electrically conductive and possessed a medium one

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- 2ο -

Plating thickness of ο, 25 microns and one medium electrical resistance of 4. ο kOhm / cm.

The electroconductive staple fibers obtained had a breaking strength of 1.9 g / den (2.7 g / den calculated as the substrate fiber), an elongation at break of 32 % and an initial Young's modulus of 450 kg / mm, and were light in weight with a specific weight of about 1.6. ■

Polyethylene terephthalate staple fibers (2 den 51 mm) _f rayon staple fibers (2 den χ 51 mm) and the above-described electrically conductive acrylic staple fibers were mixed in the ratio of 65: 35 ί o.3 and the mixed staple fibers were spun using a cotton spinning system, whereby Yarns with a yarn count corresponding to 3o English cotton count were obtained.

Procedural conditions

Amount of oil adhering to the starting fibers 0.17 % Moisture content starting material 4.7%

Card wall 4.5 %

Yarn 4.2 %

Temperature and humidity

Carding, drawing and roving 27 ⁰ C 7o% relat.

process moist.

Spinning process 29 ⁰ C 53% relat.

Humid

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- 2t - '

Spinning conditions

Winding weight 436 g / m (14 ounces / yard)

Card sliver 4.15g / m (35o grains / 6yards)

stretched tape 4.15g / m (35o grains / 6yards)

Roving o.52g / m (22o grains / 3o yards)

The electrification voltage of the intermediates of the process was applied to the running fibers or filaments measured by a collector type electricity meter, Model KS 325 (manufactured by Kasuga Denki K.K., Japan). The results are shown below. The values given in brackets were measured, none being electrical conductive fibers were incorporated.

Carding process 25th V (87 V) Stretching process 52 V (13oV) Roving process 25th V (7o V) Spinning process 3o V (1ooV)

As shown above, the electrification voltage appearing at each stage was significantly reduced .

If the spinning temperature and under 'humidity conditions was carried out, which tend to produce more of static electricity, as in the above described experiment, that is 22 ⁰ C and 43% relative humidity at the carding, drawing and Vorspinnarbeitsweisen and 25 ⁰ C. and 40 % RH in the spinning process, the generated electrification voltage was as shown below.

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• Channel process' 11o V (350 V)

Stretching process 80 V (4oo V)

Pre-spinning process 4o V (15o V)

Spinning process 45 V (13o V)

The electrification voltage was significantly reduced in each process. The values in brackets were obtained, if none were electrical conductive fibers were incorporated. If the electrically conductive fibers were not incorporated, were wrapping webs to the surface of the dippers in the carding process and roll wrapping observed during the stretching process, but when the electrically conductive fibers were incorporated the spinning can be carried out under good conditions without any disturbance.

Example 2

A plurality of ELy ^ -capronamide monofilaments (nylon monofilament) with a titer of 5 den

Dipped and passed through an intimately mixed paper of 100 parts of flaky silver powder (mean particle size 0.5 microns), 100 parts of a nitrile rubber phenol auxiliary (solids content 24%) and 5 parts of methyl isobutyl ketone. While maintaining the short distances in a way that the threads did not come into intimate contact with one another, the threads were passed through a slot in order to regulate the thickness of the coating. Then they were by a hot air dryer at 11 oι for 1o see and then by an air bath at 19o ° C for 1o see. guided and wound on a winder in a bundle. The multi-threads were then on

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a length of 76 mm for the formation of electrically conductive Staple fibers with an average coating thickness of 2.0 microns and an average electrical resistance cut from 25o ohms / one.

The electrically conductive staple fibers had a breaking strength of 2.6 g / denier (5.4 g / denier calculated as the substrate fiber), an elongation at break of 42%, and an initial Young's modulus of 240 kg / mm, and were light in weight of one specific gravity of about 1.8.

Polyethylene terephthalate staple fibers (5 denier χ 64 mm), polyethylene terephthalate staple fibers (5 denier χ 89 mm) and rayon staple fibers (5 denier χ 76 mm) were mixed in a ratio of 35: 3o: 35 and wound in a roll by a blower machine of the semi-comb spinning type. At this time, the fine roving of the electrically conductive staple fibers described above was wound around this lap and mixed with the staple fibers to be treated in an amount of 0.5%.

The lap was through a roller card and also 3 times through a needle bar and then through a roving machine. Then the material was made into i / 3o metric yarns in a room at 30 ° C and relative humidity of 55% at a spindle speed of 1o, ooo per min spun. The electrification voltage of the yarns increases at that time was 50 V and the number of final breakage was 1o / 400 spindles / hour. On the other hand, was the electrification tension of yarns into which no electrically conductive fibers have been incorporated, 2oo V and the number of end breaks was 18/400 spindles / hour.

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It was therefore ^ .möjad accordance with the procedure gesäB the invention, the number of Endbrüciie on di © Hälft © to ¥ <wrestlers. ·

η ο ο ρ ι / j * ~ i η ^

Claims (14)

Claims (IJ) "Process for spinning textile materials, characterized in that the fibers or threads to be spun are incorporated at least o, o1 %, based on the weight of the fibers or threads mentioned, of electrically conductive fibers or threads which form a substrate from a · chemical fiber and an electrically conductive coating formed thereon, wherein the electrically conductive fibers or threads have the functional properties of textile fibers. 2) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that electrically conductive fibers or threads with a tensile or elongation strength of at least about 1 g / den, an elongation at break of at least about 3 % and a Young's initial modulus of not above about 3oookg / mm incorporated. 3) Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrically conductive fibers have an electrical resistance of less than about 2,000 megohms / cm. 4) Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the electrically conductive coating the electrically conductive fibers a polymer ^ binder matrix with dispersed therein finely divided Particles of an electrically conductive material in sufficient quantity to reduce the electrical resistance of the Making fiber less than about 2oo5 megohms / cm, with the coating having an average thickness of about 0.3-15 Having microns. 909881/1303 5) The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the electrically conductive coating has an average thickness of about 0.3 to 10 microns and about 50 to 9o wt. % Of dispersed therein contains f one-part silver particles. 6) A process according to A _n demanding 4, characterized in that the electrically conductive coating ο an average thickness of about having 7 to 15 'microns and about 5 to 6 © wt .-% of dispersed therein finely divided particles containing a conductive carbon material. 7) Method according to one of claims 1 to 3 _3, characterized in that the electrically conductive fiber comprises a chemical fiber as a substrate and a metallic coating chemically deposited thereon, the metallic coating having an average thickness of not above about 1.5 microns. 8) Method according to claim I _9, characterized in that the metallic coating consists of nickel. 9) Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that that the substrate is made of an acrylic polymer fiber with an acrylonitrile content of at least 50 mol% consists. 10) Method according to one of claims 1 to 9 _s, characterized in that a raw material of the said electrically conductive fibers containing staple fibers is mixed with a raw material of staple fibers consisting of the fibers to be spun. 909881/1303 11) Method according to one of the claims © 1 Ms 9? characterized? that the electrically conductive fibers are incorporated into a ule (lap) _f consisting of @ a fibers to be spun " 12) Method according to address 11 "Dadurek characterized that the electrically conductive fibers are in Fqt-m sinss fine roving®" 15) Terfaliren according to one of claims 1 to ^ _s gekennz @ iclia @ t _s that Baader _s "h © constituting from the KU Terspinnenses 'fibers sueaannen with a BaM consisting of the electrically' conductive fibers, is subjected to a stretching stage _β 14) TerfahrsE ?. Saefe an a @ r claim © 1 to 9 »thereby marked © iis © tj, ös.i man di © ©! © Irfcriseii conductive. Fassris in endlegiiE = Faieaf @ jra with E®sglmst © 2? Ialieii _g consisting 1302