DE1297279B - Process for the production of non-twisted, cohesive, multifilament textile yarns from synthetic polymers - Google Patents

Description

1 2

Textile yarns made of polyamide, e.g. B. polyhexamethylene from the threads, e.g. B. when stretching, prevent adipic acid amide and polycaproic acid amide, are common should. For this purpose, the preparation must be a commercial product which contains numerous variants of plasticizers and which are known in terms of their structure and shape and quantities are applied to the threads so that the thread can also be produced using a wide variety of processes Film is covered, the amount of which before dam Verden. In recent times, the non-twisted, multifilament stretch has 5 to 6 percent by weight of the thread. Textile yarns due to the stronger opaque The present invention is not the task of the fabric made from them and the underlying issues, such as the escape of monomeric! Catastrophic reduction in manufacturing costs to prevent prolactam from polycaprolactam threads; As a result of the elimination of twisting work, the film produced according to the invention on the threads is to become increasingly important. Rather than holding the thread bundle together during production, the manufacturer can subject the winding to a twist without the twisted yarn. For this purpose on high speed surface driven neither an elastic film nor a film is required. B. after the USA.-Patentschrift12 789 774, borrowed, which completely encloses the thread,
carry out. In the case of non-twisted yarns, there is always a non-twisted, multi-threaded guide and thread transition between neighboring artificial textile yarn, in which the threads are bundled from one thread bundle with the method according to the invention. So far, this difficult, thin, non-sticky shell of a simple nature has been encountered by applying a size or by being held together and protected,
a kind of interweaving by means of an air nozzle (as in FIG. 20 The yarn is described against drawing thread and balloon formation in US Pat. No. 2,985,995) and thread transitions between adjacent threads are fought. The application of such sizes takes place in bundles and can be wound on a weft bobbin and in the weft of the yarn for various textile processing without additional treatment. Tissues are used. It also shows that with the aid of sizing or reduced friction and a more even luster, it is possible to weave non-twisted yarns in the weft, which enables the production of goods that can be used, but these treatments are not the occurrence of Irregularities clearly reduced quite satisfactorily, since the finishing is set as separate.

The second stage of work requires additional equipment and hand- Preferably the working conditions are like this

habung conditional, which increases manufacturing costs, 30 set that the yarn 0.05 to 0.8 percent by weight

and because the interweaving leads to irregularities in the film-forming polymer. Less problems

Thread bundling properties, which in turn do not result in a sufficient combination of film formers

lead to irregularities in the finished product. content for a usable yarn product. Film image

The invention is based on the object of reducing amounts of more than approximately 0.8% to make the drive available, after which, under certain circumstances, deposits could form on Artificial textile yarns, especially polishing and rollers. When using beamid yarns, can be made that can be made without special guide and roller surfaces such. B. with Aftertreatment as weft yarns is suitable, a polytetrafluoroethylene or silicone-coated overcoat Friction and improved runnability surfaces, however, amounts of film former can exceed have and are applied through the structure of a composite 40 0.8%. The dried coating Mark the content of the thread bundle. can also go beyond the film-forming polymer

The inventive method of making other lubricants and equipment included, however

of non-twisted, cohesive ones, much preferably exceeds the total amount of solids

filamentary textile yarns made of synthetic polymers of the surface coating about 3% of the yarn weight

by treating the thread material with a film 45 not.

forming polymer and a predominant amount. The term "non-twisted" here refers to a single thread volatile inert liquid containing well, which over a length of several meters no Sizing is characterized in that it has a measurable twist.

liquid sizing on the undrawn thread strand "undrawn" denotes a thread material that

applies, draws it, while the size 50 only has the orientation that occurs during spinning,

is still in the liquid state, and the undrawn thread material usually has a

strand of thread prepared in this way before winding the birefringence less than 0.012 [the birefringence

the same by heating with evaporation of the remaining chung, a measure of the crystalline orientation

volatile liquid a dry, coherent according to the method of Heyn, »Textile Research

low polymer coating of 0.05 to 3 weight 55 Journal «, 22, 513 (1952), determined],

percent generated. Under the »synthetic, linear carbonamides

It is known that threads made of polycaprolactam are understood to mean any linear polymer which, as a water- or alkali-soluble preparation part of the main polymer chain, has recurring rations which form an elastic film units of the formula on the threads
form, process by the freshly spun 60
and still lactam-containing threads after leaving
of the spinning shaft are prepared before the drawing or winding and the preparation after
the textile processing is removed
(German patent specification 963 550). This known Ver 6g, in which R is hydrogen or a monovalent drive, aims to denote the polycaprolactam threads with hydrocarbon radicals, the number of which is to coat a dense, stretchable film that keeps the carbon atoms separating the amide groups in the escape of residual monomeric! Caprolactam average is at least 2 and the polycarbonate

_N - C -

1:
j.

R O

amide has an intrinsic viscosity of at least about 0.4 (as in U.S. Patent 2,130,948 defined). Specific polycarbonamides for the purposes of the invention include polyhexamethylene dipamide, Polyhexamethylene sebacamide, polymerized 6-aminocaproic acid, polytetramethylene sebacamide, Polytetramethylene adipamide, polymetaxylylene adipamide, the polyamide made from bis (4-aminocyclohexyl) methane and azelaic acid, sebacic acid or decamethylene-l, 10-dicarboxylic acid and the polyamide made from 2-methylhexamethylenediamine and terephthalic acid. The invention also includes other polymers and copolymers, namely block copolymers as well as random (statistically disordered) copolymers accessible, such as the copolycondensate of polyhexamethylene adipamide and polyhexamethylene isophthalamide and the copolycondensate of polyhexamethylene adipamide and polyhexamethylene tert-butyl isophthalamide. Other suitable polycarbonamides are described in U.S. Patents 2,071,251 and 2,071,253.

The liquid size used according to the invention contains a larger proportion of an inert, volatile liquid, taking a larger proportion at least 60% of the total mixture understand are. If desired, the volatile liquid can comprise up to 95% or more of the composition. Suitable volatile liquids are those whose boiling points are above room temperature, but is below the temperature used in the heating stage following the stretching stage Find. Particularly suitable liquids include water and low molecular weight alcohols such as ethanol. Other liquids that may be useful in particular variations of the process include volatile esters such as methyl acetate, ethers such as dibutyl ether, ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, and in that Other volatile, inert liquids given a person skilled in the art.

The liquid size also contains, as an essential component, a smaller proportion of a film-forming, polymeric material that gives a good bond to polyamide structures. Are under "smaller proportion" Concentrations on the order of 0.25 to 5% of the total mean should be understood. The film-forming, polymeric material can be dissolved or dispersed in the volatile carrier liquid. the Polyacrylic acid is a preferred one because of its excellent adhesiveness to polyamides Film formers. Other film formers for purposes of the invention include monomeric and polymeric Urea-formaldehyde resins, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylates and polymethacrylates. In general, any film-forming material suitable for sizing nylon can be used.

If desired, the liquid size containing the film-forming polymeric material can also be used other thread equipments included. When the film-forming, polymeric material on the thread in A spinning and drawing composite process is applied as a component of a spinning size, it is it is usually desirable to use lubricants, emulsifiers and wetting agents in the size. Examples for lubricants are mineral oil, animal or vegetable oils, esters, synthetic oils such as polyethylene oxide derivatives, Silicone oils and similar substances. Suitable emulsifiers include soaps such as the alkali salts of oleic or stearic acid, sulfonated petroleum oils and esters, such as sorbitan trioleate and sorbitan monolaurate. to suitable wetting agents include anionics such as the dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, such as also non-ionic substances, such as condensation products of alkylphenols with ethylene oxide. If desired, Bactericides such as the sodium salt of phenylphenate can also be added. Also antistatic agents, such as trialkyl phosphates can be used.

To achieve the effects according to the invention, it is essential to apply the liquid size to the undrawn size To apply thread material and then to stretch it while the size is still in the liquid State. Immediately afterwards the thread material coated with the size must be heated, so that a dry, coherent film is formed on it before the yarn is wound up.

The drawn thread material can be heated to any temperature at which the volatile liquid is driven off and a dry, cohesive film is obtained. A suitable temperature range is 80 to 220 ⁰ C. For a rapid work with relatively short heating times are especially suitable temperatures in the range of 180 to 21O ⁰ C.

If the cohesive yarn of the invention is untwisted, severe abrasion conditions is to be exposed, it can be useful to put another top coat on the drawn yarn to raise. Any equipment for polyamide can be used for this purpose.

The cohesive, untwisted yarn produced according to the invention is for the designed for direct use in the weft of fabrics, but not limited to this application.

The parts given in the following examples are based on weight.

example 1

A sizing stock mix is prepared by adding the following ingredients to the above Mixing proportions:

Dear

Trialkyl phosphate 41.7

Ethanol 488.2

Potassium hydroxide (45% solution) 16

Polyethylene glycol di (2-ethylhexoate) 439.4

oleic acid 14.6

Water 127.5

The following test solutions are made with this stock mixture, which contains 44.6 percent by weight of solids set:

Table I.

Composition, parts Poly Ethanol Solid acrylic acid
(25%
aqueous total
salary Designation
tion tribe
mixture Solution) 187 7o 120 868 29.2 1-A 382 120 2248 14.6 1-B 382 120 468 7.3 1-C 382 0 20th 1-D 382 (Control sample)

All mixing work is carried out at a temperature in the range of 40 to 50 ⁰ C.

The three test mixtures and the control sample are used one after the other as spinning sizes during manufacture of polyamide yarns are used as follows.

On the device according to US Pat. No. 2,217,743, a 34-thread bundle (viscosity number 1.1) is produced from polyhexamethylene adipamide by melt spinning; the threads are quenched by cross-flowing air according to US Pat. No. 3,067,459. The quenched, undrawn threads are then brought into contact with a rotating sizing roller (US Pat. No. 3,067,458) running in the sizing mixture (according to Table I). The filament then runs around a feed roll operating at a surface speed of 763 m / min and then through a first drafting zone and around a first drafting roll operating at a surface speed of 1710 m / min. It is then passed through a second stretching zone and around a pair of stretching-tempering combination rollers, which are heated to a temperature of 200 ° C. and rotate at a surface speed of 2743 m / min. When passing through the last-mentioned rollers, the thread is well heated to a temperature which approaches the roller temperature. It is then fed to a surface-driven bobbin winder and is wound up without twisting, ie with the formation of a twistless pack. All yarn samples obtained (control sample and test specimens) have a titer of 73 ± 0.3 den, a strength of 5.4 ± 0.1 g / den and an elongation of 14.8 ± 0.5 ° / ₀ with a loading ^ load of 300 g.

In contrast to the control samples, the samples provided with the test coatings show the structure a cohesive bundle, which allows them to run over guides and through eyelets, without drawing thread or balloon formations or thread transitions occurring between adjacent yarns. The test threads show a slight entanglement according to the definition in the USA patent specification 2,985,995. The threads are mixed up by the cross-flowing air in the quenching shaft and are defeated apparently by the sizing in this arrangement of a fixation. The slightly overdrawn Prüfr In addition, yarns show no drainage of size and leave no deposit on guide surfaces ·? struggles. An examination of the threads of the test threads under the electron microscope using surface imaging techniques shows that the threads have a very thin, finely wrinkled (micro-wrinkled) skin, which can be removed by washing. The threads of the control yarn, on the other hand, show in this investigation a smooth surface.

The finely wrinkled skin of the threads of the test thread is likely to be due to the explosive damping of the Solvent when performing the process at high speed on a very hot Dry roller based.

The coefficient of friction of each yarn is determined on both an Alsimag and a chrome rod (See table II for results). Further, samples of each yarn become one under a tension of 20 g Weft bobbin wound up and then used as weft yarn in a plain weave fabric that you then on shot streak. rated. The evaluation is based on a scale from 1 to. 5, at which 1 means no streakiness and 5 a strong streakiness. The results (Table II) clearly show the reduction in friction and the reduction achieved with the yarns produced according to the invention Shot streak. ,:

To measure the coefficient of friction, a Test thread at a speed of 229m / min, with a wrap angle of approximately 164 ° over a fixed rod of 9.5 mm diameter out and the thread tension in the feed and the discharge measured. The calculations are made based on the standard formula

where T _{1 is} the input voltage, T _{2 is} the output voltage, fn. the coefficient of friction and Θ the angle of contact (unit radian).

Table II

Plain designation

Roller speed,

m / min.

PAS *) on the yarn,

/ 0

Plain **)
the yarn,

/ 0

Coefficient of friction

Alsimagstab,
H

Chrome rod,
Λ

Goods check for weft streak

1-A

1-B

1-D ..:

(Control sample)

*) Polyacrylic acid

6.4
9.1

■ 6.4
12.8

9.1
18.3

.9.1:
14.6;

0.24 0.38

0.22 0.47

0.17 0.35

0 0

0.76
1.49

-Ό.35

1.57 -

0.12-0.70

: 0.45

1.56;

0.58
0.58

0.52
0.58

0.42
0.42

0.73;

0.70

0.75
0.69

0.71
0.67

0.59
0.57

0.96
0.89

1.5
1.5

1.5
, 5.0

**) Sizing without PAS

Example 2

., 65 of the amendment carried out that one stretched it

Before winding the thread through a Verflecii-Zum Comparison is made of the general operation nozzle of that in U.S. Patent 2,985,995 Example 1 with the control size 1-D, but with a single level type. The yarn obtained possesses

a moderately strong bundle relationship, with the measured coefficients of friction between those of the control and test yarns from Example 1 are. The yarn is wound onto the weft bobbin and used in the weft of a plain weave fabric. A close examination of the goods reveals numerous Irregularities. When testing for weft streakiness, the goods are rated as 4.5 (during ratings of 1.5 can be achieved with the test yarns of Example 1).

IO

Example 3

Following the general procedure of Example 1, a 34-ply, non-twisted 70 denier yarn is obtained Nylon-66 produced using a spinning sizing mixture of the following composition:

Polyacrylic acid 10.0

Water 400.0 ao

Polyethylene glycol di (2-ethylhexoate) 79.5

Sorbitan Monolaurate 4.4

Sorbitan trioleate 4.4

Dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate 1.7

35

Using a spin size of essentially the same composition but without Content of polyacrylic acid, a control yarn is produced.

The test yarn obtained is a non-twisted, lightly sized yarn with the structure of a coherent bundle, which, in marked contrast to the control yarn, does not result in any drawing thread or balloon formation when overflowing over guides and no thread transitions between adjacent thread bundles. The analysis of the results Prüfgarns a total content of finishing of 1.6 ° / _0, where the Polyacrylsäureüberzug is 0.3 weight percent. Friction tests show that the coefficient of friction of the test yarn is approximately 15% below that of the control yarn. The yarn is opened into a weft bobbin and used as weft yarn. The weft streakiness of the goods made from the test yarn is to be rated as 2, whereas in the case of goods made from the control yarn, it is rated 5.

If the above spinning size mixture is diluted with an equal volume of water before use, similar results are obtained.

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. Process for the production of untwisted, cohesive, multifilament textile yarns made of synthetic polymers by treating the thread material with a film-forming material Polymer and a predominant amount of a volatile inert liquid containing sizing, characterized in that the liquid size is applied to the undrawn thread strand applies, stretched it while the size is still in the liquid state, and on the strand of thread prepared in this way, before winding it up, by heating with evaporation the remaining volatile liquid a dry, cohesive polymer coating from 0.05 to 3 percent by weight. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as contained in the size film-forming polymers urea-formaldehyde resins, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylates or polymethacrylates used in amounts from 0.25 to 5 percent by weight of the size. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as contained in the size film-forming polymer polyacrylic acid in amounts of 0.25 to 5 percent by weight of the size used and the size applies in such amounts that the threads after drying one Have a coating of 0.05 to 0.8 percent by weight polyacrylic acid. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that there is a volatile liquid in the Sizing mixture water, low molecular weight alcohols, esters, ethers or ketones in amounts of at least 60 percent by weight of the mixture used. 909524/440