DE1900807A1 - Method and device for handling liquids - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorneys Dipl.-Ing. R WeicKmann, i9UÜ8U /

Dipl.-Ing. H. Weickmann, Dipl.-Phys. Dr. K. Fincke Dipl.-Ing. R A.Weickmann, Dipl.-Chem. B. Huber

SABM 8 MUNICH 27, DEN

MÖHLSTRASSE 22, CALL NUMBER 48 3921/22

MO CORPORATIOJtf, 1105 Ooleman Avenue, San Jose, Calif.,

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Method and device for handling liquids

The invention is in the field of handling, purification and separation of. J ¹ IIU sigkeitcm and "refers to a Dialyr '-' ve · go imae a ^ k Malyef-tox, file specifically for the cleaning of blood suitable Bind"

The well-known 2 ^ pcn. ύοώ. Iriinetliohen. Mieren, z & ionnen aich duroli from high costs. Dsrsait you achätzt the cost of Behasidliang e.nes Patisüten MIFC ainer Mr.stliehen kidney on IC 000 US dollars per ton> Uir * This year's tax set-Λ ■ up as payback ier άβτ Ana chaff ungs -. 'Lr.'itan! Öl ^ r Hasoliine "from the " Betr? .e "b, jk5st'3ß and the Unter-! Ru., '.'Mgnküsten, from which the replacement of the Memfera

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received, and if one does not report such a current, the efficiency of the dialysis process is reduced. Blood also tends to stagnate and to clot in blind canal ends to form clots, which then no longer fall into place return the main flow · The internal flow resistance is usually high in the existing machines, so that blood pumps are necessary, and these pumps damage the platelets in the blood, another property of the The problem with the existing machines is the large purging volume of the machine, i.e. during dialysis there is a large amount of blood outside the patient. Often this need for blood is so great that one must give the patient a blood transfusion with every treatment.

A procedure for handling liquids is described, with small amounts of moisture under one Very little pressure can be sent through a pipe while maintaining a steady flow. A fluid conveyor using this method has a long flexible pipe supported on one side and at least two movable nozzles, facing the other side of the line. Jets of liquid emerge from the nozzles at intervals from each other hit the line. The line becomes at the point of impact of the liquid jets squeezed against the support in such a way that a pocket is formed in which a quantity of liquid is trapped is. This amount of liquid is in. De :? Weiae through the line is driven forward., öaS moves the nozzles where the Elttesigkei'bestrahlen continue to migrate along the line at intervals «

This procedure for

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a colloidal, semi-permeable membrane is formed and the liquid emerging from the nozzles is a slide process is. Dialysis comprises the following "steps: the liquid to be treated is sent into a line; at least two jets of dialysate are hurled against the line so that in the line forming a fluid pocket; these rays are allowed to travel along the line at a distance from each other, wherein the bag of liquid is propelled through the conduit; the dialysate of the rays is directed after hitting the line so that it flows around the line so that dialysis takes place through the line membrane. .

The line used for dialysis of blood according to the invention consists of a membrane tube with a rectangular Cross-section. The membrane may be cellophane, for example. The cost of replacing this line are approximately only a seventh of the cost of the well-known double membrane spirals, so that over This results in considerable savings over the years, since the membrane line is replaced with every treatment got to. The process of propelling flow through the conduit by the action of jets on the conduit, lets a certain amount of liquid migrate separately through the line in each flap, so that the volume is controllable and a steady flow is achieved. The amount of liquid in each tab will be regulated by the length of time the tab remains connected to the inlet and by the Flow rate of the blood at the inlet »In this way, the amount of blood in the line can be controlled and the fill volume is kept to a millimeter so that blood transfusions are unnecessary. There is also no need

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Blood pumps that destroy the platelets in the blood on others Place the driving puncture of the "moving rays" occurs.

The figures show »

Pig. 1 shows a perspective view of a dialyzer according to the invention for treating a patient,

Pig. 2 is a side view of the in Pig. I shown dialyzer, in which some! 'have crawled away in a hurry to show the underlying structure.

Pig. 3 is a broken plan view of the in Pig. I shown Dialyzer.

Pig. 4 shows a broken side view of the dialysis line;

those in the dialyzer of the pig. 1 is used, and

Pig, 5 a cut after the line 5-5 of the Pig. 4th

In Pig. 1 shows a dialyzer 10 which, as an artificial kidney, is used to treat the blood of a patient P serves. The dialyzer stands on four wheels 12, which have a frame 14 and an upwardly projecting lower housing 16 wear. A dialysis tank 18, a control panel housing 20 and a reservoir 22 for the dialysate are on the lower one Housing attached. On the panel housing is a handlebar 24 attached, which serves to drive the dialyzer to the desired location. The dialysis tank is provided with a lid 26 which is described in Pig. I is partially broken away to show the inside of the tank.

The dialysis tank 18 has a base plate 28, see Pig. 2, with an opening in the middle. Under this central opening

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a hollow mounting column 30 with a flange 32 is fastened to the base plate. A motor 34 is attached to one side of the modular column, from which a drive shaft 36 projects downwards parallel to the column. A drive pulley 38 is attached to the lower end of the drive shaft. An inner coaxial shaft 40 and an outer coaxial shaft 42 are rotatably received in the mounting column. A large driven disk 44 sits on the inner coaxial wall, with the drive disk facing the drive shaft 36. The two disks are connected by a drive belt 46. The inner coaxial wave ranges from ά *;> ■ ?? driven pulley further down and carries a small drive pulley 48 * at its lowest end

On the string facing the motor 34 there is an arm "50" protruding from the mounting column 30. In the arm there is mounted a shaft 52 of an auxiliary transmission on which a gray driven disk 54 sits. In this sole 54 and the small drive shaft 48 a drive belt 56 is guided. A piece above the driven 3cb.eil "€ 54 ^ .st on the shaft 52 a small drive pulley 58" sits opposite you on the outer coaxial "η shaft 42 a large drive pulley 60. A l'reibyiömoü 62 runs around the drive pulley and the counter disk 60 and. transmits the rotation to ö'.a outer coaxial shaft ₉ As a result of the different Seheibeadurch & fisaer the rotational speed is wedge; dor outer coaxial shaft te comparison "u n derje- ^J f ⁽ '^ represents inner coaxial corrugated © reduced.

At the end of the internal coaxial shaft, a washer 63 is fastened in the In'v of the dialyaetank 16. ,.; - ύτΐΐχ circumference of the disc protrudes all around

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BATH ORIGINAL

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flange 64 radially outwards. From the inner coaxial Shaft is a piece above the disc 63 from a Hing 66 radially from which two drive pins 68 and protrude upwards. The inner coaxial shaft protrudes over the Hing up into the upper part of the lanks. It is provided with a radial gutter 72 near its upper end.

A manifold 74 is housed in the dialysis tank 18 and includes a top plate 78, a bottom 80 and a row of vertical wings 82, which extend between the bottom and top plate and on the circumference in P distances are distributed radially · In the cover plate, cutouts 76 (Fig. 5) are provided which let the dialysate flow down through the cover plate The cover plate also has a central opening, in which a bush 77 is fitted, which is used for inserting a guide tube to be described later serves. There are two small holes in the bottom to accommodate the drive pins 68 and 70, such as a central opening to allow the floor to fit onto the inner coaxial shaft 40 · The floor rests on the Hing 66 and is with this through the drive pins coupled for common rotation. When the distributor is rotated, the dialysate flowing through the cutouts flows downward in the cover plate, driven radially outward between the vertical blades.

A nozzle rotor 86 is arranged at a distance around the distributor 74. This includes a bottom ring 88, a cover ring 90 and between these pairs of converging wings 92, 94. These wings are designed in such a way that they converge outwards, with each pair of converging blades forming a nozzle 95. That <Dialysate hurled against the wings by the distributor

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must pass through the nozzle, which has a very narrow opening, but is in height over the entire length the wing extends between the bottom ring and the top ring. The bottom ring of the nozzle rotor rests on the Support flange 64 of the disc 63 and by the rotation The nozzle rotor is driven by this disk. With this type of bracket, the structure can be cleaned take out without further ado.

Outside the circumference of the nozzle rotor 86 is a cylindrical one inner screen 96 attached, which has a radially outwardly projecting bottom ring 98 at its lower end. The screen hangs down from a cover 100 overlying the nozzle rotor. The lid has a central opening 102, which allows the dialysate to pass from the tree above the cover into the distributor 74. There is on the lid a handle 104 attached, which spans the central opening and on which the inner sieve from the dialysis tank can be lifted out. A support 106 is also attached to the cover and extends at right angles to the handle extends across the central opening and holds a central guide tube 108 which extends over the upper part the inner coaxial shaft 40 is pushed. A spring catch 110 is attached to the lower end of the central guide tube. When the inner sieve is in a loading position is raised, the spring catch engages in the radial hat 72 at the upper end of the inner coaxial shaft a. On the circumference of the cover 100 there are hanging eyelets 112 radially outwards, which hold the inner sieve in a fixed position Keep position above the rotating nozzle rotor and manifold.

Radially outside of the inner screen 96, an outer screen 114 is arranged at a distance, which is between

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an upper ring 116 and a lower ring 118 extends. Not shown run between the two rings Support rods that fix the spacing of the rings. Both rings have circulation holes 120 that carry the dialysate Let it flow behind the outer sieve. The lower ring sits on a splash 122, which is surrounded by the The bottom of the dialysis tank is facing up. The hanging loops 112 of the inner screen lie on top of the upper one Ring and hold the outer sieve in place.

A dialysis line 126, which is shown in FIG. 4, f consists of a tube of a colloidal semipermeable material, for example cellophane; an inlet tube 128 and an outlet tube 130 are connected at both ends thereof. Both tubes have a slot 132 opening into the interior of the dialysis line. The relevant end of the dialysis line is wrapped around the tube, see S ¹ Ig. 5 and is held in place by a U-shaped bracket 134 made of injection molding. At the upper end of the U-shaped bracket, the tube is inserted into a rubber nipple 136 which seals the dialysis line at the upper end.

) The dialysis line 126 is attached between the inner screen 96 and the outer screen 114 and extends around the lank. It is at a distance above the bottom ring 98 of the inner screen; inlet tube 128 and outlet tube 130 protrude upward through an indentation on the top ring of the outer screen. A supply line 138 connects the inlet tube to a source of the fluid to be treated, for example the arm of a patient P, as shown in FIG. A return line 140 connects the outlet tube to this source,

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to return the treated fluid.

The reservoir 22 contains a concentrated supply of dialysate which is dosed and mixed with tap water before it is filled into the dialysis tank 18. A retractable lifter 124 is connected to the reservoir and a line 144 which is connected to a metering pump 146 so that the pump is fed with concentrated dialysate. A line 148 is fed with hot tap water and a line 150 with cold tap water. Both lines are connected to a thermostat-controlled mixing valve 152, which is connected to a feed line 154 for the metering pump. In this way, water at the most favorable oil temperature is supplied to the metering pump. The shaft 52 of the reduction gear protrudes upwards from the arm 50 and carries a crank arm 156 which controls a piston rod 158 belonging to the metering pump. When the piston rod moves back and forth, constant amounts of concentrated dialysate and water are inevitably given off, which are pumped in one stroke. Β run from the dosing pump. ^{Λ ηβ} Wasserspeisele.itung 160 and a DialysatspeiseMtimg 162 to a mixing chamber 164. Between the mixing chamber and the dialysis tank is a passage 166 provided passing through the mixed dialysate solution in the tank.

There is an overflow near the upper edge of the dialysis tank 18 otr, .tien 168 attached, the one not shown

ch ait connects to a spout. Since dialyaate solution is constantly being pumped into the sink during the Beiig, differ! Mn outlet

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in the bottom of the dialysis tank is connected to a discharge line 170, see i ^l ig. 1, through which the dialysis tank can be drained after each treatment.

If the dialyzer 10 is used as an artificial kidney for washing blood for a patient P, it is set up in a suitable place next to the patient. The cover 26 is removed and the inner sieve 96 is lifted on the handle 104 into a loading position in which the spring catch 110 engages in the radial gate 72. The dialysis line 126 is placed around the inner screen and this is then lowered again to its lower position inside the w dialysis tank, the Dialyaeleitung between the inner and outer screen comes to rest. The supply line 138 and return line 140 are connected to the patient's forearm so that blood can flow through the dialysis line and back.

Concentrated dialysate is mixed with water in the mixing chamber 164 so that a suitable dialysate solution is produced which flows through the passage 166 into the dialysis tank 18. In the sink, the dialysate solution flows radially outward and passes through the circulation holes 120 upwards. Then it flows through the central opening 102 ' in the lid 100 of the inner sieve and down through the cutouts 76 in the cover plate 78 of the manifold 74.The rotation of the manifold forces the dialysate solution between the vertical mounds 82 and between the converging blades 92 and 94 that form the nozzles 95 on the nozzle rotor to flow radially outward. Jets of the dialysate solution are ejected from the nozzles and collide with the dialysis line, thereby driving the front surface of the dialysis line away from the inner sieve and squeezing it against the outer sieve

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in each case at the opposite of each nozzle Job. A flap B containing blood and these blood pockets are formed between adjacent beams are passed from inlet tube 128 when the nozzle rotor rotates counterclockwise up the QJank the dialysis line is driven forward all the way to the outlet tube 130. The dialysis solution flows when it is against the dialysis line 126 has collided, down next to the inner sieve and then through the circulation holes 120 up behind the outer sieve. In this way a circulation of dialysate solution comes on both sides of the Dialysis line comes about while blood is propelled through the dialysis line. While the blood passes through the The dialysis line is running, an effective dialysis takes place. The blood then goes through line 140 to the patient sent back. Any excess dialysate solution is drained through the overflow nozzle 168 derived.

ti-egenüber the described and illustrated embodiment are within the scope of the invention, which is provided by the subsequent claims / gejjen is possible, changes are possible.

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Claims (11)

Claims 1. Method of handling liquids, thereby characterized in that a liquid to be transported is sent in a long conduit made of a flexible membrane is to impinge several jets of a liquid at a distance from one another on one side of the pipe leaves and moves these rays along the line, one between the impinging rays in The amount of liquid trapped in the line is propelled through the line. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the line consists of a flexible, colloidal, semi-permeable membrane which has an interaction between the liquid transported in it and the liquid forming the jets on the outside of the line impinging liquid allowed, for which purpose the latter is circulated around the line after the impingement. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the line on the incident beams opposite side is supported. 4 · The method according to claim 3 »characterized in that the impacting liquid is on the impact side the pipe can circulate downwards and on the supported side upwards * 5 »Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the liquid transported in the line is the blood of a patient and the as Jets of impinging liquid are a dialysate solution. 009821/1662. _l3 _ 6. Device for practicing the method according to a of claims 1 to 5 »characterized by an elongated line (126) made of a flexible membrane, with an inlet (128) at one end and an outlet, let (130) at the other end through which the liquid to be transported flows through at least two Nozzles (95) »which are arranged at right angles to the line in such a way that liquid ejectors emerge from them! meet at a distance from each other on the line (126) by a support (114 ·) for the Line on the side facing away from the nozzles, which the line against the impact of the liquid jets supports, and duroh a facility ($ 8), which the Nozzles moved along the line and the amount of liquid trapped between the points of impact in the line (B) propels from inlet to outlet of the conduit. 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the line (126) consists of a flexible, colloidal, consists of a semi-permanent membrane, 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized by a circulation guide (120) for the line impinging liquid in such a way that this liquid flows around the line. 9. Device naoh one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the line (126) is a rectangular Oellophane bag is. 10. Device according to one of claims 6 to 9 »characterized duroh a sank (18), In which the line (126) is housed, and durohoindeatene one 'Sieve (114) as a support for the line on the of the footstep facing away from the fflUeigkeletrahl. 009821/1652 11. Device according to. Claim 10, characterized in, that the nozzles (95) sit on a nozzle rotor (86) and the line (126), as well as the Sieh (114) around the Diisenrotor are arranged. 009821/1652